大学英语四级写作技巧

大学英语四级写作技巧！

一篇好的英语作文就仿佛一缕春风拂过心田，字里行间流淌的都是浓浓的情感，思路活泼，生动形象，蕴涵哲理，感觉亲切，如话家常，使阅卷者内心产生共鸣，油然而生好感，大学英语四级作文虽是考场作文，但亦遵循此例。

一、使用高人一等的词汇和句子

快速提高英语四级写作水平文最大的秘诀就是：不走寻常路！那些以为背了各种所谓的四级优秀范文，就能成为高手的同学，实在是太天真了！我看过各种资料和网站上的范文，真心觉得一般，比如有些所谓优秀作文竟然还在用be good at，very much，depend on，in my opinion这样低等的写作词汇，说它们低等是因为这些词已经广为人知，阅卷老师已经看得麻木了！要写出高人一等的四级作文，我觉得并不难，只要你有一定的语法基础和一定量的写作词汇（越高级越好），就足以应对大学英语四级写作。

首先是语法，如果一篇四级阅读你能读懂75%以上，那么你的语法是合格的。（不合格的同学，先把真题语法看懂！据曾经被语法折磨得死去活来的室友强烈推荐，语法不好，就用巨微英语《四级真题/逐句精解》该书对真题文章的每一句话都进行了细致的语法分析，对于长难句采用“句子图解+文字说明”的形式进行讲解，清晰直观，简单易懂。）等到你研究透彻真题语法后，就可以追求更多的句式变化了。比如，用虚拟语气句型It is high time that we…代替常用的It is necessary that we should…；再如，用倒装句代替常用的平铺直叙等，这样可以增加你的作文亮点，让已经有些麻木而昏昏欲睡的阅卷老师眼前一亮，给你的作文多打几分！

其次是英语四级词汇。在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度时，便应该靠词汇的变化来超过同等水平的人。比方说，很多人都会用many，但却忘了many a，handsome，massive，innumerable，a multitude of；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist；很多人只会用be good at表示“擅长”，却不知还有诸如be expert at以及excel in这种更高级的表达方式……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上！

这些词其实都在英语四级大纲范围之内，如果你在看阅读的时候能动手查一查单词，看一看一些常用单词的近义词，就可以把这些“高级词汇”收入囊中！（室友热情提醒，用巨微英语《四级真题/逐句精解》就不用查字典了，书里对每篇阅读的核心词汇都有详细的注释，包括近反义词和同根词，简直是懒人福音啊。）此外，在句子中尽可能地使用形容词和副词，包括在名词前添加形容词，在形容词前添加副词，在介词的短语中加入适当的形容词和副词……总之就是尽可能地“添油加醋”，可以使原本干巴巴的句子变得血肉丰满！比如In my opinion, the driver’s carelessness should be responsible for this road accident.可以改成For my part, the driver’s negligence should be dominantly responsible for this unexpectedly horrible accident.

窍门使用资料书，总结规律，把握命题走向！

一、洞悉写作真题命题规律，直指审题

（一）洞悉命题规律

纵观最近三年的十二套真题，大学英语四级作文仍以命题作文为主，但图画作文也渐渐成为主流。如下表：

注：表格所列出的作文题目是2013年大学英语四级改革后的作文题目。本文将对这些作文类型重点展开重点。

从以上的表格我们不难看出，参与四级考试的学生主要以大学低年级学生为主，为了保证考试话题的公平，侧重于校园类话题的考查，而改革后图画类的议论文成为考查趋势。同时四级写作也经常考查说明文，比如介绍校园活动或大学

课程等等。就题目要求而言，四级写作常提到解释现象。

但无论是哪种要求，也无论是哪种体裁，我们都可以将其处理成三段式。整篇文章的结构可以图示如下：

Introduction开头（3～5句） Body 主旨段（5～7句）

Restatement

Conclusion结尾段（3～5句）如果我们在每一段都写五句话，即主题句加三个扩展句和一个结论句，这样全篇在15句左右，每句十多个词，这样就是160词以上。字数控制在这个范围内，是非常安全的，因为“言多必失”，写得太多容易跑题和出错。当然，为了突出主旨段，每段具体写几句话可视情况而定。接下来我们会解构各文体每段的写作模式。首先从审题开始。

（二）如何审题

1.审体裁（文体）。研读写作指令，快速审题，确定文章体裁和类型，是议论

文还是说明文？

2.审题材（主题）。根据文字说明和图画，对题目进行仔细分析，确定文章的题材和主题。话题是要介绍某物，还是要批判某种现象，又或者是弘扬某种人生观？

3.审要求。文章字数要求是多少？写作提示中具体有哪几点？是否提及要表明原因或举例论证？比如2014年6月四级真题中就要求给出原因：“Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?”

4.如果是图画作文，还需完成如下审题步骤：

(1)根据图画和提示信息，把握图片主旨：这是审题的重点，是决定作文是否跑题的关键。考生在审题时，应仔细分析图片中文字信息的内涵。图中文字是对图画信息进行解释说明，涉及对图片主人公身份、环境，所谈话题、所作所为的方式和结果等的补充说明。这一步千万不能省。

(2)综合剖析图画形象：为了不重复表达，该部分与第一段的写作技巧合并

描述。

二、熟谙模板，突破模板

（一）图画议论文

1.开头段——熟谙模板，突破模板

历年考试所涉及的图画作文实际上从文体来讲，均属于议论文，但因为它本身是图画作文，我们需要对其进行简单解读并分析，所以该形式第一段的写作手法与传统议论文的第一段有所不同。

首先，我们来看图画作文的第一段如何入手。细心的考生可发现，图画作文的出现是为了某种现象服务的，这样的题材多是议论文，在该文体写作中第一段相当于引入段。具体描述时，考生会对图画作文心生困惑，无处着手：1）不知所云，抓不住图画的主要内容；2）对于描述方法和句式均不熟悉：即使看懂了寓意，也不知如何描述；3）对于图画中的事物无法用对应的英语表达出来。基于此，我们给考生提供可参照的表格：

描写了。无论采用哪种方法，一定要注意图片的描述是为下文论述主旨服务的，因此你写的每一句话都需与下文论点紧密相关。

以今年所考图画作文为例：

2015年6月四级第1套（左一） 2015年6月四级第3套（右一）

以上两幅图分别选自2015年度的真题作文题目，通过对以上两幅图的分析，可以发现图画主体均是人物形象。据此，我们可作如下阐述：

⑴ 描写单个形象时，可按照从左到右或从上到下的方位顺序进行描写，同时从动作和状态两个方面进行描述。如上图左一（2015年6月四级考题）。

⑵ 描写体现共性的多个形象时，仅对体现共性的细节进行描写，若多个形象类似可以进行合并描写。

⑶ 描写体现对比关系的多个形象时，对体现主旨的事物间的差异进行描写，一般以叙事口吻描述。

基于以上三点，我们就可以对图画进行描述了，但是大多数情况下，考生会写出这样的句子，以2015年6月四级试题为例：

【例句】There is a man who is working in front of the computer. When he is at home, he is in front of the computer, too. Even when he is sleeping, he still dreams of the computer.

【分析】这样的描述是中规中矩的，但问题在于过于单一，读来平淡无奇，因此我们需要找到一种丰富多变且可套用的句型结构，这样考生在遇到相类似的图画时，才不至于无所适从。

首先我们要学会“如图所示……”之类的表达：As is shown in the picture…或者是As is shown above等等。接下来在具体描述图画时，可采用完全倒装结构，同时也可使用插入语对人物形象进行修饰性描述。例句中There be句型本身也属上佳句型，且从严格意义上讲，它也是一个完全倒装的结构，但是这个结构使用过于频繁了，阅卷者已经产生审美疲劳了，所以可以将其改写为：In front of the computer sits a man.同时根据“对动作或状态的描述”这一原则，确定本句和前面句子的逻辑主语为相同，这时可考虑使用非谓语动词形式来表达或用非限定性定语从句来描述。

然后结合上述提到的第二点，仔细观察该图后，我们发现它们都具有共同点，即都强调了年轻人对网络的过分依赖，根据这一思路，我们可将原句改写为：In the four pictures is a man, who is concentrating on his computer while working, playing and entertaining.

最后一步我们可对图画进行简单的描述，点明主题。因此全段可写为：In the four pictures sit a man, who is concentrating on his computer whereas working, playing and entertaining, which imply ironically the unprecedented popularity or even overusing of computers nowadays. 这样就对图画进行了十分完整地描述，且表明了主题。

根据以上阐述，我们对图画作文的第一段可作如下梳理：

根据上述图表，我们可用四句话将第一段描述完整。具体考试时，考生可根据个人情况，写三到四句话为宜，大约60-70字左右。下面我们再结合2013年12月的一份考试题目做一说明。

例：?As is subtly revealed in the cartoon, there are two parents sitting in front of a computer, who are chatting with their child on the internet. ?Ironically, they are typing some words to ask their child to come downstairs for dinner. ?There is no dying that internet, as a matter of fact, have begun to dominate our daily life. ?Internet addiction is prevalent among young people, which makes face-to-face contact suffer a tough test.

【思路分析】图片有两个人物形象，第一句先描述电脑前有两位家长，接着可具体描述这两位家长想要干什么，然后根据图片提供文字信息对图片寓意进行阐释，最后一句概括图片反映的现象结果。

【译文】如图所示，两位父母坐在电脑前，和自己的孩子在网上聊天。而讽刺的是，他们正在打字请孩子下楼吃饭。不可否认的是，事实上网络已经开始主宰我们的生活。网瘾在年轻人身上很普遍，这使得面对面的沟通方式受到严峻的考验。

【分析】该段表述也非常到位，句式严谨，层次分明。

考生如果想获取高分，就一定要力求突破模板，下面我们给大家提供突破模板范文，以供参考。

突破模板范文

例: ? Just as is vividly depicted in the above picture, in front of a computer sits a pair of parents, chatting with their child, who is just on the upstairs. ?What an ironic scene it is! ?In fact, well-known is that internet crisis poses a threat to human being, such as making people become obsessed with its convenience and forgetting to have a heart-to-heart communication.

【译文】正如上图生动表现的那样，一对父母正坐在电脑前和孩子说话，而他就在楼上。多么讽刺的一幕！众所周知，网络对人类已经构成了威胁，比如它们使人们沉迷于其便捷性忘了与人谈心。

【分析】突破模板范文中第一句使用了倒装句，说明电脑前有什么人，同时用现在分词作伴随状语的形式说明了父母正在干什么，接着用非限定性定语从句描述了他们孩子的动作和状态。然后感叹句，鲜明地表达了作者的态度，最后一句说明这种现象反映了什么。很显然，突破模板范文将我们所讲的方法使用的淋漓尽致，这说明这种方法是可以学习并模仿的。

2. 主旨段——熟谙模板，突破模板

四级写作多遵循三段式的写作模式，每段都有主题句、扩展句和结论句。主

题句通常放在开头，这是学生们经常使用的方法，也是对中国学生最行之有效的方法。使用这种方法的好处在于学生能够较好的把握全文的结构，有助于确定段落的主线，使各个支撑句围绕段落主题自然展开，保持段落的一致性与连贯性。使用这种模式写起来比较容易接受，也不容易跑题，更容易领略全文的主旨。

考生需注意的是，段落主题句不能写得太笼统，也不能涉及面太窄。一个段落的容量是有限的，如果主题句限定范围太宽，其内容就无法在一个段落中阐述清楚。如果限定范围太窄，又不利于段落的发展。段落主题句所限定的内容必须符合段落写作的目的，有利于段落的铺开和抒发。

就图画作文而言，主旨段就是针对图片主旨进行论述，一般采用“主题句+支撑句”的段落构成方式。如果在第一段末尾句已经点明了题旨，那么可在主旨段的首句重申该论点或者可简单表明自己的看法，然后直接进入支撑句的描述。

在使用模板时最好能够举一反三，否则写出的句子看上去比较生硬，这就要求考生们积累的过程中多加练习，能够充分理解句式的含义及变形和用法，这样一来，大学英语四级的写作也就能够很轻松的突破了。

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