【优质】英语国家概况试卷1及答案

I. Choose the correct answer from the options given: （20 points, 1 point each）

1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London ?

A. The cultural centre.

B. The business centre.

C. The financial centre.

D. The sports centre.

2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain ?

A. Economic differences between north and south.

B. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales.

C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.

D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.

3. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street They came

first _______.

A. to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland

B. to protect the Catholic people

C. to protect the Protestant people

D. to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social

Order

4. In the early 1970s, the IRA _________.

A. killed many Protestants and Catholics

B. burned down the houses of Catholics’

C. murdered individuals at random

D. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as

their main target

5. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with

“direct-rule” from London ?

A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.

B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively.

C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.

D. All the above.

6. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election ?

A. Members in the House of Commons.

B. Lords in the House of Lords.

C. The major parties.

D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.

7. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to

win the election ?

A. 651

B. 326

C. 626

D. 351

8. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979 ?

A. The Conservative government.

B. The Liberal government.

C. The Labour government.

D. The radical government.

9. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer ?

A. The Canterbury Tales.

B. Beowulf.

C. The Ulster Cycle.

D. Morte D’Arthur.

10. Among the following writers, who was NOT one of the great trio ?

A. Ben Johnson.

B. Geoffrey Chaucer.

C. William Shakespeare.

D. Christopher Marlowe.

11. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist ?

A. D.H. Lawrence.

B. Charles Dickens.

C. Robert L. Stevenson.

D. Walter Scott.

12. Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter ?

A. Rabbits.

B. Haggis.

C. Chicks.

D. Eggs.

13. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night ?

A. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.

B. It is celebrated by English people in November.

C. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.

D. It is celebrated by English people in August.

14. Which of the following is true about the Gunpowder Plot ?

A. It was planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.

B. It was planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.

C. It was planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.

D. It was planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.

15. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration ?

A. The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.

B. Public housing became more important.

C. Many public houses were sold to the people.

D. The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangements.

16. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true ?

A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.

B. Class-division is only decided by people’s income.

C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life-chances.

D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.

17. The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an

exception ?

A. They supply people with news, keeping them informed about what is happening in

the world.

B. They make huge profit by publishing advertisements.

C. They promote culture and education.

D. They provide entertainment.

18. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary

democracy because _________.

A. it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government

B. it informs people about current affairs in the world

C. it provides people with subjective reports

D. it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament

19. The state that had the first British settlement is __________.

A. Queensland

B. New south Wales

C. Western Australia

D. Victoria

20. The federal government and the state governments are formed by ________.

A. the party chosen by the Governor-General

B. the party that has the most votes

C. the party that has the majority of the House of Representatives

D. the party that has the majority of the Senate

II. True or false: (20 points, 1 point each) (A = T; B = F)

21. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.

22. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built

by King Harold.

23. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland.

24. British government offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.

25. British government is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional

monarchy.

26. Britain has no written form of Constitution.

27. In 1215, King Egbert united England under his rule.

28. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world.

29. The UK economy is thought of as one of decline because Britain is poorer and

producing less than it was in 1945.

30. In Britain, "Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.

31. Attending the Grand National was an activity in Shakespeare's time.

32. Football was invented by Scottish people.

33. In Britain people can go to the open university without having any formal

educational qualifications.

34. The University of Edinburgh is a privately funded university in Britain.

35. The main government department such as the Foreign and Commonwealth Office also

involves in making Britain's foreign policy.

36. According to the author, Britain is a parliamentary democracy, so the government's

foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its electorate.

37. Australia is the world’s smallest continent and largest island.

38. Green and gold became the national colors formally in 1984.

39. The famous thermal region is on the North Island.

40. In 1975, the Waitangi Tribunal was set up to receive complaints from Maori

people and to address the mistakes made in the past by the European settlers.

英语国家概况（1）试题答案

第一卷

I. Choose the best answer: (20 分，每小题1 分)

1. (A)

2. (D)

3. (C)

4. (D)

5. (B)

6. (A)

7. (B)

8. (B)

9. (C) 10. (A)

11.(A) 12.(C) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (C) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20.

(A)

II. True or false: （20 分，每小题1 分）

21.(B) 22.(B) 23.(A) 24.(B) 25.(A) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (A) 29. (B) 30. (A)

31.(B) 32.(B) 33.(A) 34.(B) 35.(A) 36. (A) 37.(A) 38. (A) 39.(A) 40. (A)

第二卷

I. Fill in the blanks: （22 分，每空2 分）

1. (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

2. (overrule the parliament)

3. (Prime Minister)

4. (The National Health Service)

5. (Football Association Cup)

6. (Guy Fawkes Night)

7. (the UN Security Council)

8. (Reading news papers, listening to radio)

9. (God Save the Queen)

10. (the House of Representatives)

11. (New Zealanders having European ancestry)

II. Answer the following questions: （18 分，每题2 分）

1. The Normans under William of Normandy conquered England.

2. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.

3. They are Conservative party, Labor party and the Liberal Democrats.

4. They are primary industries, secondary industries and tertiary industries.

5. Because they hope their children can receive better education so that they can get into

better universities or find a better job.

6. It is influenced by its imperial history, its geopolitical traits and its relationship with the

US.

7. It stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation.

8. Because Britain needed new places to transform its criminals.

9. They are Britain and other European countries and the US..

III. Explain the following in English: (20 分，每小题4 分)

1. They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th

century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of

England.

2. It’s a statement put forward by an MP for the House of Commons to vote on saying that “This house no longer has confidence in the Government”. If the government loses a “vote of no confidence” it is forced to resign and call a general election.

3. The Romantic Movement started at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the

19th century. The spirit of Romanism places emphasis on nature, originality, the

emotional and personal. The great poets then are Keats, Shelley and Wordsworth.

4. Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such

schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education.

5. The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up of mostly of

former British colonies. It was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort

of support network.

- 高氯酸对阿胶进行湿法消化后, 用导数火焰原子吸收光谱技术测定阿胶中的铜、“中药三大宝, 人参、鹿茸和阿胶。”阿胶的药用已有两千多年的悠久历史, 历代宫①马作峰论疲劳源于肝脏[J].广西中医药,2008,31(1):31.①史丽萍马东明, 解丽芳等力竭性运动对小鼠肝脏超微结构及肝糖原、肌糖元含量的影响[J]. 辽宁中医杂志①王辉武吴行明邓开蓉《内经》“肝者罢极之本”的临床价值[J] . 成都中医药大学学报,1997,20(2):9.①杨维益陈家旭王天芳等运动性疲劳与中医肝脏的关系[J].北京中医药大学学报. 1996,19(1):8.1 运动性疲劳与肝脏①张俊明“高效强力饮”增强运动机能的临床[J．中国运动医学杂志，198，（）：0117 种水解蛋白氨基酸。总含量在56.73～82.03%。霍光华②采用硝酸硫酸消化法和（）：372-374.1995,206．②林华吕国枫官德正等. 衰竭运动小鼠肝损伤的实验性[J].天津体育学院党报, 1994,9(4):9-11.②凌家杰肝与运动性疲劳关系浅谈J].湖南中医学院学报.2003，（）31.②凌家杰肝与运动性疲劳关系浅谈[J].湖南中医学院学报.200，23（）：31.②谢敏豪等训练结合用中药补剂强力宝对小鼠游泳耐力与肌肉和肝Gn, LDH和MDH的影响[J．中国运动医学杂②杨维益陈家旭王天芳等运动性疲劳与中医肝脏的关系[J].北京中医药大学学报 1996,19(1):8.2.1中药复方 2.2 单味药33 阿胶和复方阿胶浆③常世和等参宝片对机体机能影响的J].中国运动医学杂志，199，10（）：49.③聂晓莉，李晓勇等慢性疲劳大鼠模型的建立及其对肝功能的影响[J].热带医学杂志，2007,7(4)：323-325.3.1 概述 3.2关于阿胶和复方阿胶浆医疗保健作用的 3.2.1 营养成分和评价 3.2.2阿胶的药理作用 3.2.3 阿胶的临床应用④ X ie M H, e tal．Ef fects of "Hong jin g t ian she 1u" on reprod uctive axi s fu nction and ex ercise cap acitie s in men. The⑤周志宏等．补肾益元方对运动小鼠抗疲劳能力的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志，200，（）：83-84202-204.5`"Inte rnatio nalCou rseand Confer enceon Physio logica lChemi stry a nd Nat rition of ex ercise and t rainin g (Abs tract)⑥杨维益等．中药复方“体复康”对运动性疲劳大鼠血乳酸、p 一内啡肤、亮氨酸及强啡肤Al-13 影响的实验研⑥。仙灵口服液可提高机体运动能力，加速运动后血乳酸的消除。F3口服液能调整PCO⑧孙晓波等．鹿茸精强壮作用的[J].中药药理与临床，1987，（）：11.⑨于庆海等．高山红景天抗不良刺激的药理[J．中药药理与临床，1995，（）：283.⑩牛锐．淫羊藿炮制前后对小鼠血浆睾丸酮及附近性器官的影响[J．中国中药杂志，989,14(9):18．P<0.01), 其他肝功能相关指标未见异常(P> 0.05) 。肝脏是动物机体重要脏器之一,Pi，同疲），肝主筋，人之运动皆由于筋，故为罢极之本”。人体肝脏的功能活动也必阿胶, 味甘性平, 入肺、肝、肾经, 具有补血止血、滋阴润肺的功效。《神农本阿胶又称驴皮胶为马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块是中国医药宝库中阿胶、熟地配伍能使补而不滋腻, 共奏益气补血之功, 主要治疗各种原因导致的气血阿胶对细有促进作用；提示阿胶能提高机体免疫功能。另外阿胶具阿胶具有很好的止血作用，常用来治疗阴虚火旺、血脉受伤造成的出血。比如，阿胶能治疗缺铁性贫血，再生障碍性贫血等贫血症状，阿胶对血小板减少，白细阿胶是一类明胶蛋白，经水解分离得到多种氨基酸，阿胶具有很多的药理作用和阿胶又称驴皮胶, 为马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块。中药界有句口头禅阿胶中的营养成分比较多，主要有蛋白质、多肽、氨基酸、金属元素、硫酸皮肤。把阿胶应用于运动员或人群中的实践应用性，具有很大的潜力和市场前景，白血病、鼻咽癌、食道癌、肺癌、乳腺癌等。阿胶不温不燥，老少皆宜，一年四季均伴随现代竞技体育的强度越来越大，运动员在大运动量训练后出现的各种疲劳征象，胞减少等症也具有效果明显效果；另外，经配伍，阿胶可用来治疗多种出血症。医学保健作用，阿胶具有耐缺氧、耐寒冷、抗疲劳和增强免疫功能作用；同时，阿胶具有本文的目的意义有以下两个方面：一是通过阿胶的抗疲劳能力，来进一

本以运动性疲劳相关症状明显的篮球运动员为对象，以谷丙转氨酶、谷表明，阿胶还用于治疗妊娠期胎动不安，先兆流产习惯性流产等。对于月经病步了解运动员服用阿胶以后，不但能够使男女运动员的谷草转氨酶含量水平、谷丙转参促进人体对糖原和三磷酸腺苷等能源物质的合理利用, 并使剧烈运动时产生的乳草经》将其列为上品。《本草纲目》载阿胶“疗吐血衄血, 血淋尿血, 肠风下痢, 女草转氨酶、谷酰转肽酶、总胆红素、白蛋白和白蛋白球蛋白含量水平为测定指标，产生运动。从中医学的观点来看，筋就是聚集在一起的肌肉束，膜是筋的延长和扩布；常所说的肌腱和韧带等器官，韧带和肌腱坚韧有力。通过韧带和肌腱伸缩牵拉骨骼肌充在筋”, 也就说明了筋的功能受到肝脏的调节, 所以, 医家大多从筋与肝相关的角除运动后的疲劳已经成为运动医学领域的热点而中医药在改善、消除运动性促进肌肉和肝脏有氧氧化能力的作用③。红景天圣露能促进机体运动后的恢复和消除促进血液凝固和抗贫血作用，有提高血红蛋白红细胞，白细胞和血小板的作用。到影响。的变化, 主要表现为部分肝细胞破裂, 内容物进入窦状隙, 未受损的肝细胞糖原明的核心问题之一, 也是运动训练学所要克服的核心问题之一, 疲劳是机体的一的滋补类药品；因始产于聊城东阿，故名阿胶，距今已有两千多年的生产历史；最早低分子肽含量分别是15～45%、10.97%～13.18% 。霍光华③采用标准水解法和氨基低运动后血清尿素氮含量；加速体内尿素氮及血乳酸的清除速率；提高小鼠的游泳点、“肝之合筋”的观点、“肝者其充在筋”的观点、“食气入胃散精于肝淫气于动领域的广泛应用。动性疲劳关系最为密切者当首推肝脏。动性疲劳后机体恢复作用和机制的十分活跃。动员和贮备，以及机体对运动刺激的适应和运动后的疲劳的恢复起到重要的促进作用度阐述肝与疲劳的关系, 其实肝尚可通过脏腑气血等多个途径影响疲劳感的产生和度的DS 标准液加适量天青Ⅰ试液, 536n m 处测定吸收值, 建立工作曲线回归方程。对于运动产生的机理, 中医学解释比较通俗易懂, 即：韧带和肌腱的伸缩牵拉骨对运动性疲劳的多集中于中枢疲劳与外周肌肉疲劳，而较少涉及肝脏实质器而略于补立法，以健脾保肝、补中益气组方的确是防治运动性疲劳的一条新思新。故发挥和延缓运动性疲劳的产生都能起积极而有效的作用。总之体力和脑力的产生均复的适应能力②。复方阿胶浆是由阿胶、红参、党参、熟地、山楂等药组成, 主入肝、脾两经。方肝，人动血运于经”的论述。明确指出运动能力与肝和血密切相关。这种“动则血肝脾同处于中心位置，共同掌管着气化的职责，所以运动性疲劳的气虚神乏大多是由肝损害可导致动物运动能力下降, 也有大量实验观察了急性力竭疲劳对动物肝脏的肝糖原、肌糖元含量下降其程度随着衰竭运动次数增加而增加。林华等②通过对衰肝有关，由此可以推测神经递质、激素的释放等生理活动均同肝脏有密切关系。再者肝与筋的关系非常密切，在许多著作中都阐述了这一观点。如“肝主筋”的观肝脏对内分泌具有促进作用。中医认为，胆汁的分泌、女子的排卵、男子的排精均主藏血、主筋，为“罴极之本”，有储藏营血与调节血量的作用是提供运动所肝主疏泄，调畅气机，对气血津液的生成、输布和代谢有着重要意义。就运动生高山红景天在疲劳情况下能提高机体持续工作的时间，维持血压、心率的正常水高小鼠肝糖原的储备量；降低运动后血清尿素氮含量；加速体内尿素氮及血乳酸的骼肌产生运动。《素问?六节藏象论》曰：“肝者罢极之本魂之居也, 其华在爪, 其个特别复杂的生理生化过程。总的说来，疲劳可分为生理疲劳和心理疲劳。 1982工作能力的作用①。强力宝能促进肌肉和肝脏有氧氧化能力的作用②。参宝片也能具有官的疲劳。肝脏作为人体重要的脏器，与运动性疲劳的关系极为密切。国际运动医学协会主席普罗科朴Polo1C apur) 认为运动性疲劳问题是运动医学过度的训练、残酷的比赛引起的缺氧、强应激反应会导致机体的神经内分泌系统、心过去一段时间，抗运动性疲劳传统上单纯采用补的模式现在，中医药抗疲劳出还认为“食气入胃，全赖肝木之气以疏泄之，而水谷乃化，气血方得以运生”，说明和血虚者，如服用阿胶补益，也具有良好的效果。临床上充分发挥阿胶的养血、补血、恢复正常，促进酸碱平衡的恢复，减少碱性物质的消耗⑦。机体的血量增加以便增加通气血流比值。肝内所贮存的血液就会更多的向机体全身肌腱和韧带等器官的力量。筋和筋膜向内连着五脏六腑，肝将脾输送来的精微之气浸、涉水等劳动或运动都称为“劳”, 而竞技体育由于其具有大运动量、高强度的加⑧。剑便无踪无影。阿娇日日夜夜在狮耳山、狼溪河附近狩猎。最后用利剑杀死了一奖牌呢毫无疑问是靠长时间艰苦的训练，然而伴随现代竞技体育的强度越来越大，娇, 决心要找到救治此病的特效药物, 为民解忧。阿娇姑娘日以继夜地爬山涉水, 不竭性运动后小鼠肝脏超微结构的观察, 发现连续7 次的衰竭运动使肝细胞呈现明显筋”的观点、“肝主身之筋膜”的观点以及明?皇甫中《明医指掌》中的“劳伤乎肝筋和筋膜把相邻的关节连在一起，对运动起着重要的作用；并且，筋和筋膜向内连着进小白鼠耐力的提高。经论》有“肝藏血”的观点，另外，在《素问?五脏生成论》里，也有“人卧血归于景天圣露、补肾益元方、体复康、仙灵口服液及F3 口服液等。复方阿胶浆能显著提究[J]．北京中医药大学学报，1997，20（）：37-40.具有多种代谢功能。血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶升高在一定程度上反映了肝细胞的亢不抑就会能协调精神、情趣和意志使情绪稳定思维敏捷对运动技术水平的充分抗运动性疲劳的单味药主要有鹿茸、高山红景天、人参、淫羊藿和花粉等。实验抗运动性疲劳的中药复方主要有复方阿胶浆、高效强力饮、强力宝、参宝片、红可用，是强身健体的滋补佳品。阿胶中富含蛋白质降解成分，通过补血起到滋润皮肤劳感。”运动性疲劳属中医“劳倦”范畴中医将劳力、劳役、强力举重、持重远行、劳模型组大鼠血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶在此期间出现明显升高(P<0.05 或理而言如果肝脏的疏泄功能正常就会使骨骼和肌肉强壮有力；如果气机调畅那么力劳动时的疲劳②, 并有效减少相同体力劳动下的出汗量等作用。两虚证, 通过补充和调节人体血液的贮备量而发挥抗疲劳的作用。药理实验亦证实人量方法表明, 阿胶水溶液(M urphy 法与其经Go rnall 双缩脲和Low ry 酚试剂反量水平。从而证实阿胶能提高运动员的抗运动性疲劳的能力。二是通过对阿胶抗运动聊城大学硕士学位论文聊城大学硕士学位论文聊城大学硕士学位论文谋虑，此即“肝者将军之官，谋虑出焉”，也说是说肝和某些高级神经功能有关。（）年的第5 届国际运动生物化学会议将疲劳定义为: “机体生理过程不能持续其机能在疲劳方面的作用日益突出。近年来，在我国运动医学界，对中医药提高体能和促进运品将会更加得到世人的瞩目，其经济效益不可估量。平，红景天制剂适用于体育运动、航空航天、军事医学等各种特殊环境条件下从事特清除速率；提高小鼠的游泳时间。高效强力饮能提高心脏的搏出量从而具有提高心脏然而近年来中医肝和运动与疲劳的关系越来越受到关注, 目前很多实验已证明人们为了纪念阿娇姑娘恩德, 就将驴皮膏叫做“阿胶”。①人血痛, 经水不调, 子, 崩中带下, 胎前产后诸疾。”现代表明, 阿胶含明胶认识运动性疲劳对肝脏的影响及判定指标、肝脏与运动性疲劳消除等方面的关若过度疲劳损伤了肝脏那么肌腱和韧带必将非常疲乏而不能收持自如运动就会受赛场是证明运动健儿的运动能力及其为国争光的最好场所。运动员靠什么去夺取伤。升高骨髓造血细胞、白细胞、红细胞和血红蛋白，促进骨髓造血功能，迅速恢复失血时间。疏泄功能失常那么五脏气机也就紧接着发生紊乱因此有者认为五脏之中与疏于补。肝以其“主藏血”的生理功能对全身脏腑组织起营养调节作用提供运动所输送；当运动结束或安静休息时机体内剩余的血液就回输送回肝脏。所以，《素问?调鼠肝脏超微结构及肝糖原、肌糖元含量的影响, 发现力竭运动对肝脏超微结构有损伤素和生物酸等。阿胶中蛋白质的含量为60%～0%左右樊绘曾③等通过四种蛋白质定洗脱使游离生物酸吸附在活性炭上。酸高氯酸混酸消化中药阿胶, 采用火焰原子吸收法测定其中的铜。王朝晖④等用硝酸酸转化为丙酮酸进入三羧酸循环, 为机体提供更多的能量, 因而人参可起到减轻酸自动仪测定不同炮制方法所得四种阿胶炮制品中各种氨基酸的含量, 均含有随着的进行和成果的问世，阿胶将会得到国内外运动员的青睐。阿胶这种产损伤程度，表明慢性疲劳可引起肝细胞物质代谢功能持续紊乱, 最终导致肝功能损调节疲劳程度的轻重①。杨维益等②认为疲劳产生的根本在于肝脏，五脏之中与运调节血量的功能，即“人动则血运于诸经，人静则血归于肝”，所以人体在应激状态调益肝血可提高体能和耐疲劳能力②。廷并将其作为“圣药”专享。关于阿胶药名的由来, 还有一则动人的传说。据说很早吃饱喝足的小黑驴。她遵照老翁的嘱咐, 将驴皮熬成膏用膏治好了许多吐血病人。吐血、尿血、痔疮出血等，适当配伍温经散寒药物还可以治疗虚寒性胃溃疡出血。为“圣药”专享。动物实验结果显示复方阿胶浆能显著提高小鼠肝糖原的储备量；降文献综述五脏六腑，是关节运动的重要功能结构人的运动主要是来自筋的力量，也就是来自系，才能提供解决的办法。肝脏与运动性疲劳关系密切。在运动性疲劳发生时，肝脏下，肝脏对血液的调节可保证心脏、大脑及肾脏等重要脏器的血液的供应。（）肝主显减少。聂晓莉等③通过慢性疲劳大鼠模型的建立发现，与正常对照组比较, 慢性疲显性激素样作用，因为鹿茸乙醇提取物不能使去势小鼠和大鼠的前列腺和精囊重量增现了一种新的模式，那就是以“理气扶正”、“理血扶正”为原则组方，以疏为补或寓谢，增强细胞能量代谢和提高体细胞免疫功能⑤。体复康对机体在运动过程中能量的锌、锰含量。樊绘曾⑤通过降解驴皮蛋白聚糖分离获得硫酸皮肤素(D S), 并用不同浓性疲劳能力的，更好的促进阿胶产品的开发和以及进一步促进阿胶产品在运性贫血的红细胞。须赖之于肝气的升发鼓舞，肝脏对气机的疏通调畅作用论据有三（）肝藏血，具有需的能量来源。《内经》载：“肝者，罢极之本”，王冰注：“运作劳甚者谓之罢（音需能量物质的重要来源。能保证运动过程中血液的正常循环。当机体在运动时，运动血不滞不瘀有利于体内血液的循环和运动所需能源物质的补充；如果肝气升发而不血管系统等功能失调及免疫功能下降, 进而影响运动员比赛成绩的发挥。如何尽快消血脉和顺、经络通利可濡润肌腱和韧带，让关节润滑流利、屈伸有力自如，同时气训练身心接近极限的考验, 所以运动性疲劳可以看作一种对机体消耗更大的“劳”。严重制约着运动员运动水平的提高。阿胶的抗疲劳能力就具有举足轻重的意义。药三宝”之一。阿胶也称作驴皮胶、付致胶，具有明显的补血健身效果，自北魏或更要治好吐血之症, 非食狮耳山的草, 饮狼溪河水的黑驴皮膏不可。”说完赠她一把利一特定水平上和或) 不能维持预定的运动。”而心理疲劳是指“运动员或体育锻炼以气血为物质基础，以经络为通道，通过五脏功能的协调而实现。反之如果肝脏的以前, 山东省东阿县一带流行一种吐血而死的不治之症。当地一位心地善良的姑娘阿益气的作用，可以用来调治多种老年性疾病；中医临床上常用阿胶配以其他药物治疗因此，用科学而有效的手段予以消除运动性疲劳显得十分紧迫和必要。淫濡润在肌腱和韧带上，让关节润滑流利、屈伸有力自如故有“肝主运动”的说法①。淫羊藿具有明显的促性机能作用。并明显促进辜丸组织增生及分泌⑩。花粉能促影响。史丽萍等①通过跑台运动建立小鼠急性力竭运动疲劳模型, 观察力竭运动对小应后的吸收光谱特征皆与参比明胶相同此外, 李丽④等采用二硫酸钾碱性氧化- 紫应于筋极”的观点。这些观点说明了肝和筋的关系非常密切。其实，筋也就是我们平泳和跑动时间。用于抗运动性疲劳的中药大多为复方，也有单味药和提取成分。有耐缺血、耐寒、抗疲劳和抗辐射的能力。于“无邪病在元气之虚。”以“精气夺则虚”为基本病理。于肝脾的缘故，对于运动性疲劳所出现的神经内分泌功能的异常，治疗总则应从调原、骨胶原蛋白质及钙、钾、钠、硫等17种元素, 所含蛋白质水解后能产生多种原子吸收火焰分光光度法测定阿胶炮制品中钙、铁、锰、铜、锌含量。董顺玲③以硝越来越多的人用阿胶强身健体，美容养颜。运动性疲劳，从而具有提高运动能的作用④。补肾益元方具有改善骨骼肌自由基代运动性疲劳关系较密切者应当首先是肝脏疲劳产生的根本在肝①。运动性疲劳作为一种亚健康状态或疾病状态以中医脏腑气血病的机制来阐释属运动员在大运动量训练后出现的各种疲劳征象，严重制约着运动员运动水平的提高。运用实验法来阿胶对篮球运动员抗运动性疲劳能力的影响。运于经静则血归于肝”的调节能力从一个方面反映了运动员对运动训练和疲劳后恢载于《神农本草经》。阿胶是我国的一种名贵中药，有补血“圣药”之称，也是“中早即成为朝廷的珍贵贡品。阿胶的药用已有两千多年的悠久历史, 历代宫廷并将其作者长期集中于重复性的单调且大强度训练和比赛情况下所造成的一种心理不安和疲证明鹿茸具有抗运动性疲劳、耐高温和低温等不良应激的能力。有报道显示鹿茸无明知疲劳地寻找。一日, 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u n i t7 1 (1)What are the purposes of the British education system (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy. (3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future. 3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2 Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality Pick up some examples from the text to illustrate your points. Other major changes to the British education system were caused by world war Ⅱ。This time, the new system would emphasize equality. The result was the 1944 Education Act which made entry to secondary schools and universities”meritocratic”. Children would be abilities they displayed. All children were given the right to a free secondary education and the main concern was to make sure more children had access to a good education. In the 1960s,comprehensive schools were introduced all over the country, which ended the division between grammar schools----where the most academically capable pupils were sent to be prepared for university----and vocational school where less successful pupils were sent to learn allowed to let children "compete" for places. 4. Why does the author say that universities in Britain have been rather elitist 答：Most students were from the middle classes, attended good schools, performed well in their A-levels and received a fully-funded place in a university. In recent years, great efforts have been made to increase the numbers of and kinds of people that pursue higher education. Access for mature students and students without traditional A-level qualifications is widening. 5. (1) what is the Open University in Britain (2)What do you think of this system (1)The Open University offers a non-traditional route for people to take university level courses and receive a university degree. People can follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, residential schools and a network of study centre. (2)It was the Open University which provided the inspiration for the founding of China’s TV and Radio University. Unit 8 British Foreign Relations 1.What and how did the British empire end How did the British react to this reality How did the end of British imperialism influence the psychology of the British and the making of Britain's foreign policy (1) The end of the great British empire was surprisingly rapid. In 1946, Jordan, in the Middle East, was granted independence. The following year, India and Pakistan followed suit. In 1948, Burma and Ceylon

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内蒙古广播电视大学2010-2011学年度 第二学期《英语国家概况1》期末试题 ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the AmericanRepublic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D TheBlue Ridge Mountains 7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 密 封 线 内 不 要 写 参 考 内 容 《英语国家概况1》第1页 共6页 《英语国家概况1》第2页 共6页