【英语周报】人教版选修六教案：Unit附件

附件

背景知识

Healthy Diet

Focus on fruits. Eat a variety of fruits — whether fresh, frozen, canned or dried — rather than fruit juice for most of your fruit choices. For a 2,000 calorie diet, you will need 2 cups of fruit each day (for example, 1 small banana, 1 large orange, and 1 / 4 cup of dried apricots or peaches).

Vary your veggies. Eat more dark green veggies, such as broccoli, kale and other dark leafy greens; orange veggies, such as carrots, sweetpotatoes, pumpkin and winter squash; beans and peas, such as pinto beans, kidney beans, black beans, garbanzo beans, split peas and lentils.

Get your calcium-rich foods. Get 3 cups of low-fat or fat-free milk or an equivalent amount of low-fat yogurt and / or low-fat cheese (1 / 2 ounces of cheese equals one cup of milk) every day. For kids aged 2 to 8, it’s 2 cups of milk. If you don’t or can’t consume milk, choose lactose-free milk products and / or calcium-fortified foods and beverages.

Make half your grains whole. Eat at least 3 ounces of whole-grain cereals, breads, crackers, rice, or pasta every day. One ounce is about 1 slice of bread, 1 cup of breakfast cereal, or 1 / 2 cup of cooked rice or pasta. Look to see that grains such as wheat, rice, oats, or corn are referred to as “whole” in the list of in gredients.

Go lean with protein. Choose lean meats and poultry. Bake it broil it, or grill it. And vary your protein choices — with more fish, beans, peas, nuts and seeds.

Know the limits on fats, salt and sugars. Read the Nutrition Facts label on foods. Look for foods low in saturated fats and trans fats. Choose and prepare foods and beverages with a little salt (sodium) and / or sugars (caloric sweeteners).

Friends Key to Healthy Life

Friends may influence health habits, such as smoking or drinking, or going to the doctor when a person has troubling symptoms, the study authors suggested. Friends may also have a significant impact on mood, self-esteem and coping mechanisms during difficult times.

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When it comes to living a long, healthy life, that’s what friends are for.

New research from Australia suggests good buddies are even more important than close family ties in helping older people live longer.

For the study, researchers at Flinders University in Adelaide interviewed about 1,500 people aged 70 and older. They asked each participant how much personal and phone contact they had with various social networks, including family and friends. Other factors known to influence longevity,

such as socioeconomic status, health and lifestyle, were also considered.

The Adelaide team then tracked the participants’ survival over the next 10 years.

Surprisingly, close contact with children and relatives had little impact on survival rates, the researchers report in the current issue of the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

However, people with a strong network of friends and confidants had a much better chance of survival over the 10-year study period than individuals with relatively fewer friends.

This “friendship effect” persisted despite personal losses such as the death of a spouse, or even the relocation of friends to other parts of the country, the researchers found.

Friends may influence health habits, such as smoking or drinking, or going to the doctor when a person has troubling symptoms, the study authors suggested. Friends may also have a significant impact on mood, self-esteem and coping mechanisms during difficult times.

Tips for Teens: The Truth About Alcohol

Get the facts ...

Alcohol affects your brain. Drinking alcohol leads to a loss of coordination, poor judgment, slowed reflexes, distorted vision, memory lapses, and even blackouts.

Alcohol affects your body. Alcohol can damage every organ in your body. It is absorbed directly into your bloodstream and can increase your risk for a variety of life-threatening diseases, including cancer.

Alcohol affects your self-control. Alcohol depresses your central nervous system, lowers your inhibitions, and impairs your judgment. Drinking can lead to risky behaviors, such as driving when you shouldn’t, or having unprotected sex.

Alcohol can kill you. Drinking large amounts of alcohol at one time or very rapidly can cause alcohol poisoning, which can lead to coma or even death. Driving and drinking also can be deadly. In 2002, 29 percent of drivers age 15 to 20 who died in traffic accidents had been drinking alcohol.

Alcohol can hurt you —even if you’re not the one drinking. If you’re around people who are drinking, you have an increased risk of being seriously injured, involved in car crashes, or affected by violence. At the very least, you may have to deal with people who are sick, out of control or unable to take care of themselves.

Before you risk it ...

Know the law. It is illegal to buy or possess alcohol if you are under age 21.

Get the facts. One drink can make you fail a breath test. In some States, people under age 21 can lose their driver’s license, be su bject to a heavy fine, or have their car permanently taken away.

Stay informed. “Binge” drinking means having five or more drinks on one occasion. Studies show that more than 35 percent of adults with an alcohol problem developed symptoms — such as binge drinking — by age 19.

Know the risks. Alcohol is a drug. Mixing it with any other drug can be extremely dangerous. Alcohol and acetaminophen — a common ingredient in OTC pain and fever reducers — can damage your liver. Alcohol mixed with other drugs can cause nausea, vomiting, fainting, heart problems and difficult breathing. Mixing alcohol and drugs also can lead to coma and death.

Keep your edge. Alcohol is a depressant, or downer, because it reduces brain activity. If you are depressed before you start drinking, alcohol can make you feel worse.

Look around you. Most teens aren’t drinking alcohol. Research shows that 71 percent of people 12-20 haven’t had a drink in the past month.

Know the signs ...

How can you tell if a friend has a drinking probl em? Sometimes it’s tough to tell. But there are signs you can look for. If your friend has one or more of the following warning signs, he or she may have a problem with alcohol:

●Getting drunk on a regular basis

●Lying about how much alcohol he or she is using

●Believing that alcohol is necessary to have fun

●Having frequent hangovers

●Feeling run-down, depressed, or even suicidal

●Having “blackouts” — forgetting what he or she did while drinking

Questions and answers:

Q. Aren’t beer and wine “safer” than liquor?

A. No. One 12-ounce bottle of beer or a 5-ounce glass of wine (about a half-cup) has as much alcohol as one 1.5-ounce shot of liquor. Alcohol can make you drunk and cause you problems no matter how you consume it.

Q. Why can’t teens drink if their parents can?

A. The brains and bodies of teens are still developing, and alcohol use can cause learning problems, or make adult alcoholism more likely. People who begin drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to develop alcoholism than those who begin at age 21.

Q. How can I say no to alcohol? I’m afraid I won’t fit in.

A. It’s easier to refuse than to think. Try: “No thanks,” “I don’t drink,” or “I’m not interested.” Remember that the majority of teens don’t drink alcohol. You’re in good company when you’re one of them.