暑期开始：2015考研英语阅读的选项设置解密

“一年之计在于春”，眼下正是春意盎然之时，对于考研的学子们来说，“春”并不是单纯的赏花踏青的时节，而是备战考研的关键起点!那么，如何在春季做好基础阶段的考研英语备考呢?提醒大家，此时，要抓住复习的三个重点：词汇意义辨析;语法长难句分析;阅读文章解析。这三个部分我们已经在前边的文章中做过了阐述。尤其是阅读部分历来都是考研英语的“重头戏”，今天的文章就重点说一说考研英语阅读的选项设置问题。

一、从状语等修饰语的角度出题

考研英语阅读的文章句子一般较长，出题人往往只从句子当中的某一个成分处设题，特别是定语成分和状语成分。例如：

Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children — though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black solders during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.

40. Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his

[A] moral considerations.

[B] military experience.

[C] financial conditions.

[D] political stand.

【解析】题干问的是华盛顿给奴隶自由的决定是源于什么，也就是问原因，显然我们需要找原因状语的分。文中最后一段的“Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black solders during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.”明确指出是因为：after observing the bravery of the black solders during the Revolutionary War，华盛顿才做了这个决定，所以答案选[B]“军事经历”。(文都教研中心)

二、对原句进行同义词替换

对原文句子中个别词汇进行同义词替换，从而制造出同义答案，这是考研阅读选项设置的常见手法。大家需要在做题的过程中不断积累同意替换词。

Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.

33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?

[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.

[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.

[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.

[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.

【解析】这个题目需要对选项进行排除。文中第三句说：even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. 尽管人类已经直立行走了很多年，我们的脚和背都在承受的直立行走的压力，不能够承受大型的肢体所带来的持续压力。由此可以推断出，人类身高收到直立行走的限制，选项[B]中conditioned是对原文struggle with的同义转述。(文都教研中心)

三、对转折或否定进行正反替换

原文中用否定方式表达的内容，选项中可能用肯定的方式把同样的意思表述出来。同样，原文中用肯定方式所表达的内容，命题者在设定选项时可能用否定的方式来进行同义转述(如双重否定句，或者一个否定形式加上另一个否定词如never, none等)。

How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.

54. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the.

[A] turning of the business cycle

[B] restructuring of industry

[C] improved business management

[D] success in education

【解析】答案出处显然定位在第二句，“没有几个美国人将此仅仅归因于美元贬值或商业周期变化这样显而易见的原因”。关键在“显而易见”，说明“美元贬值或商业周期变化”是作者认同的原因。原文用表示否定的词“few”进行表述，而选项则用了肯定方式表达了同一意思。(文都教研中心)

阅读文章分析，是做好阅读的基础，必须做到精细到位!而研究选项设置则是我们提高阅读应试技巧的必要手段，所以请大家务必在学习的过程中多关注选项的设置方法，积累同义替换词。大家可以从早年阅读真题开始做起，慢慢积累学习经验。考研，“贵在坚持”，你我共勉之!

上海中考英语真题(附详细解析答案)

2017年上海市中考英语试卷 I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分） A．Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）1． 1．2．3．4．5．6．． B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案） 7．A．Pink． B．Blue． C．White． D．Brown． 8．A．For one week． B．For one year． C．For two weeks． D．For two years． 9．A．By making a call．B．By sending an email．C．By writing a letter．D．By leaving a message．

10．A．On Monday．B．On Wednesday．C．On Thursday．D．On Friday． 11．A．To visit China． B．To try something new． C．To make friends． D．To learn something easy． 12．A．Work on her project． B．Go to the school dance． C．Take a physics exam． D．Meet her dance teacher． 13．A．In a hotel． B．In a bookshop． C．In a cinema． D．In a classroom． 14．A．The food． B．Their car． C．The supermarket． D．Their house． C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following sentences are true or false 15．判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T“表示，不符合的用“F“表示 15．Peter makes hamburgers for customers in a fast food restaurant． 16．Once，Peter delivered 30 sets of hamburger meals to a school with his partner．17．The students were waiting at the school gate when Peter arrived． 18．There would be a sports meeting for the student the next day． 19．The teacher ordered the hamburger meals to encourage the students．20．Peter loves his job as he gains happiness from his working experiences．

考研英语阅读真题考研英语毙考题

2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第2篇Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest. California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies. The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants. They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone —a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect’s pur se. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocket book, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home.

2015年考研英语二真题答案(完整版)

2015年考研英语二真题答案（完整版） 2015考研英语二答案 完型填空题 1 .C signal 2 .D much 3. C plugged 4. A message 5. C behind 6. A misinterpreted 7. B judged 8. D unfamiliar 9. B anxious 10. D turn 11.A dangerous 12. A hurt 13.B conversation 14. D passengers 15.C predict 16. D ride 17.A went through 18.C in fact 19.B since 20 B simple 阅读题答案 Text 1 答案 21. D offered greater relaxation than the workplace 22. B childless husbands 23. A they are both bread winners and housewives 24. C earnings 25. B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut Text2 答案 26. C miss its original purpose 27. A the problem is solvable 28. C are in need offinancial support 29. D are inexperienced in handling issues at college

30. D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question Text3 答案 31. A more emotional 32. C sports culture 33.D strengthen employee loyalty 34.A voices for working women 35. C companies find it to be fundamental Text4 36. B the increase of voluntary part-time jobs 37. C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs 38. B shows a general tendency of decline 39. B empolyment is no longer a precondition to get insureance 40.A 阅读新题型 41 .D Most of your fearsare unreal 42. E Think about the [resent moment 43.G There are many things to be grateful for 44.A You are not alone 45. C Pave your own unique path 翻译题 回想一下这样的经历：开车行驶在一条非常熟悉的道路上。这可能是你每天上下班的必经之路，可能是进城的旅行，亦或是回家的道路。不管是哪一种，你都了解每一个屈折拐弯之处，就像熟悉自己手背上的纹路一样。在这些所有类型的旅途中，很容易失去驾车的注意力，并且几乎不注意沿途的风景。结果，比起这段路途实际需要的时间，你的感觉是花费的时间更少。 这就是经常旅行线路效应：人们往往低估了花费在一条熟悉的路线上的时间。 这种效应是由于我们分配注意力的方式引起的。当我们旅行一条非常著名的路线时，因为我们不是非得注意太多，时间似乎流逝得更快。然后，当我们回忆起这段旅程时，因为我们没有花费太多的注意力，因此我们对之记忆地不太清楚，所以我们认为这段旅行更为短途作文 PART A 【参考范文1】 Notice In order to enrich high school students’ life in summer holiday and expand the reputation of our university, the Students Union are going to host a summer camp in our school campus and volunteers are needed. The details about this summer camp and volunteer recruitment are listed as follows. Firstly, the summer camp will begin on September 1st and it will last for ten days. Secondly, the main theme of this summer camp is “Better English, Better life” and there are various activities in this summer camp, including English-speaking contest, drama contest, sports meeting and

上海中考英语A篇阅读理解解题技巧讲解(20200519173550)

上海中考英语A篇阅读理解解题技巧讲解 一、知识框架 二、知识点梳理 Ⅰ. 细节理解题 一、解题思路 1.凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验 证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。 2.干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点， 二要排除干扰项。 【案例分析】 Lin's enjoyment of basketball actually began in Taiwan, where his father started watching it. Lin's father moved to U.S., and passed on this love of basketball to his son, the young Lin spent much of his youth playing basketball for fun, learning from his father and older brother. But his family taught him about more than basketball. After games, his parents would discuss not only his

score but also his conduct toward other players. This taught Lin that character was more important than playing well. 74. Lin’s enjoyment of basketball started in . A. Taiwan B. the U.S C. Harvard University D. NBA 【解析】 1.断案—extract the key word in the question Lin’s enjoyment ; basketball; started 2.去案发现场寻找蛛丝马迹—find the original sentence in the passage Lin's enjoyment of basketball; began in = start 3:找到证据,破解案情—get answers near the sentence Lin's enjoyment of basketball actually began in Taiwan Ⅰ. 理解推断题 一、解题思路 推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应 根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思， 反复比较，从而做出合乎逻辑的判断。 二、设题方式 常以infer（推断），imply（暗示），suggest, conclude（推断），learn, intend（意指），mean, describe, purpose等词提问。提问方式如下： 1. We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______. 2. We can infer from the text that _______. 3. From the story we can guess ______.

2017年考研英语一真题-高清版含答案

2017年考研英语一真题-高清版含答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding “yes!”1helping you feel close and2to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a3of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you4getting sick this winter. In a recent study5over400healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs6the participants’susceptibility to developing the common cold after being7to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come8with a cold,and the researchers9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging10about 32percent of that beneficial effect.11among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12. “Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13risk for colds that’s usually14with stress,”notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging“is a marker of intimacy and helps15the feeling that others are there to help16difficulty.” Some experts17the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,often called“the bonding hormone”18it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it19in the brain,where it20mood,behavior and physiology.

2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案(阅读理解)

2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案（阅读理解） Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions： Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points） Text 1 A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortisol ， which is it at stress marker， while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge. “Further contradicting conventional wisdom， we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home，” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske， In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work，” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children without， but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health. What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they' re at home， whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men， the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home，they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home， they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles， and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women， it' s not surprising that women are more stressed at home. But it's not just a gender thing. At work， people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing： working， making money， doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure： Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola. On the home front， however， people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done， there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor； they need to be talked into it， or if they' re teenagers， threatened with complete removal of 新祥旭官网https://www.wendangku.net/doc/119655980.html,/

2015年考研英语二阅读Text1真题详解

2015年考研英语二阅读Text1真题详解 整篇文章的主题是与我们生活息息相关的内容，文章的难度不大，相比2014年英语二的阅读来说，难度稳定，这是在我们预料之中的。 第21题According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home＿＿＿(根据第一段可知，之前的调查中认为家是一个____地方)。[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace [B] was an ideal place for stress measurement [C] generated more stress than the workplace [D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation题目中明确给出范围，所以我们只要在第一段中找答案，且要注意题目中的关键词是previous。回归第一段，不难发现文章的首句便是答案出处：A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work.（新的研究显示不同于以往的绝大多数调查，人们在家比工作时的压力更大）。这句话中new、contrary to most surveys是提示词，与题目中的previous study相对应的，不难做出正确答案是[A] 第22题According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?（Damaske 认为，谁可能是最家里最快乐的？）读完题目，回到文章第二段找Damaske的观点：It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work.在家男性比女性更快乐，Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents.这句话的关键词是more,它与题目中的happiest最高级是相对应的，所以解这道题的关键便是nonparents.但是对于很多同学来说，nonparents是个生词，不认识。其实大家只要上过中公考研的英语词汇课，学习过词根词缀法，这个单词就变的很简单。nonparents是由否定前缀non-+parents构成的，non-这个否定前缀表示“不无非”，所以整个单词可以译为不是父母。四个选项[A] Childless wives [B] Working mothers [C] Childless husbands [D] Working fathers，我们可以轻易选出答案C，没有孩子且是丈夫。 第23题，The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that＿＿。回归第三段中，找到With the blurring of roles，发现前面的句子正是对这种现象的解释：for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks.以及后面的the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women，指的便是女性不仅得工作赚钱，而且还得在家得忙家务，所以她们的身份是双重的。所以选[D] they are both bread winners and housewives. 第24题，The word“ moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means＿＿这是一道词义推测题，它与前文中的marking money是近义词，答案选[C] earnings收入。 第25题The home front differs from the workplace in that＿＿。文章第5段there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor;家务劳动不会像工作一样得到足够的奖励，而且分工也是不明确的。答案对应选项[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut. 虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，

上海中考英语阅读回答问题技巧讲义

上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试英语试卷 阅读部分 F. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题): ( 12分) 08年 English is an important international language, but that doesn’t mean it’s easy to learn. Many experts have tried to make English easier to learn —but they weren’t always successful. In 1930, Professor C.K. Ogden of Cambridge University invented Basic English. It had only 850 words (and just eighteen verbs) and Ogden said most people could learn it in just thirty hours. The problem was that people who learned Basic English could write and say simple messages, but they couldn’t understand the answers in ‘real’ English! It was also impossible to explain a word if it wasn’t in the Basic English word list. R.E. Zachrisson, a university professor in Sweden, decided that the biggest problem for learners of English was spelling, so he invented a language with the name Anglic. Anglic was similar to English, but with much simpler spelling. ‘Father’ became ‘faadher’, ‘new’ became ‘nue’ and ‘years’ became ‘yeerz’. Unluckily, Anglic never became p opular. In the age of international communication through the Internet, who knows what will happen? ... a new form of English might appear. A large

2017年考研英语(二)真题与解析

2017年考研英语（二）真题与解析 作者：凯程陆老师，有问题找我 SectionI Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,with academics,writers,and activists once again1that technology be replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by2.A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive3holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one4by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives5,people will simply become lazy and depressed.6,today’s unemployed don’t seem to be havinga great time.One Gallup poll found that20percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,double the rate for7Americans.Also,some research suggests that the8for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting9poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many10the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t11follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the12of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the13of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could14strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the15of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste of human potential,”says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days,because leisure time is relatively16for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional17of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work,I often feel18,”Danaher says,adding,“In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself19a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for20matters. 1．[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring 【答案】[C]warning 2．[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty

2015年考研英语一真题及解析

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_. The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_. While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.” The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_! One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor. The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population. 1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what 【答案】[D] what 【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。根据句子结构和选项的特点，可以判断出空格处应填从属连词引导从句;再根据句子的内容，可以看出该从句是一项研究的相关内容(what)，不是指研究的时间(when)，原因(why)和方式(how)，因此，该题的答案为what。 2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised 【答案】[B] concluded 【解析】从此题所在的句子的前后内容可以判断出，that is_______ 中的that是指第一句话的内容(朋友与我们基因上的相关性)，很显然是研究得出的结论。因此，答案为concluded。 3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by