大学英语综合教程3 unit 3

Unit 3 Security

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news item you have just heard.

1. A) All the schools were closed.

B) 14 people were killed.

C) A terrorist attack took place in one of the schools there.

D) Many parents refused to send their children to school.

2. A) School administrators there also received terrorist threats.

B) Schools were closed there, too.

C) Many parents took a day off from work to care for their children at home.

D) 700,000 students didn‘t come to school.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news item you have just heard.

3. A) In the Arctic. B) In Washington D.C.

C) In Montreal. D) In Quebec.

4. A) They live in Arctic in winter.

B) Snow owl is the official bird of Quebec.

C) They are often seen in Canada.

D) They are not afraid of traffic on the road.

Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news item you have just heard.

5. A) The major events of the Winter Olympics.

B) The high cost of the Winter Olympics.

C) The countries participating the Winter Olympics.

D) The main attractions of the Winter Olympics.

6. A) At least $15 billion. B) At least $50 billion.

C) At least $13 billion. D) At least $7 billion.

7. A) People involved in the project have taken some of the money.

B) The likelihood of corruption was increased.

C) Security measures cost a lot of money.

D) The building of Stadiums cost a lot of money.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A) Next Friday. B) Next year.

C) Next Month. D) Next Monday.

10. A) Her mother. B) Her cousin.

C) Her husband. D) Her son.

11. A) Because a civil war broke out in Mexico.

B) Because the bird flu broke out in Mexico.

C) Because the swine flu broke out in Mexico.

D) Because there was an earthquake in Mexico.

12. A) Avoid direct contact with chickens, ducks and other birds.

B) Avoid contact with the feathers of the birds.

C) Change clothes and shoes after any contact.

D) Wash hands with soap and water after any contact.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice marked A), B), C) and D). Passage One

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

13. A) When he was 11 years old. B) When he was 15 years old.

C) In the early 1980s. D) In the early 1970s.

14. A) Jackson‘s dance moves. B) Jackson‘s songs.

C) Jackson‘s style. D) All of the above.

15. A) Shoplifting in a luxury store. B) Child sexual abuse.

C) Murdering a child. D) Kidnapping a girl.

Passage Two

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) Five. B) Six.

C) Seven. D) Eight.

17. A) Language. B) Art.

C) Natural science. D) Physical culture.

18. A) Many researchers. B) A few professors.

C) Many teachers. D) A number of parents.

19. A) Parents are ignorant in making the most of their children‘s intelligence.

B) Parents are more influential than teachers in children‘s education.

C) Parents find it easiest to teach their children to read at home.

D) Parents are not advised to educate their children before school.

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Another Intelligence

A.Emotional intelligence as a theory was first brought to public attention by the book Emotional

Intelligence, Why It can Matter More Than IQ by Daniel Goleman, but the theory itself is, in fact, attributed to two Americans, John D Mayer and Peter Salovey. What is emotional intelligence exactly? According to Goleman, Emotional Intelligence consists of five key elements.

B.The first is knowing one‘s own emotions: being able to recognize that one is in an emotional

state and having the ability to identify which emotion is being experienced, even if it is not a particularly comfortable feeling to admit to, e.g. jealously or envy.

C.Emotional awareness can then lead to managing one‘s emotions. This involves dealing with

emotions, like jealousy, resentment, anger, etc, that one may have difficulty accepting by, perhaps, giving oneself comfort food, or doing nice things when one is feeling low. Many people do this instinctively by buying chocolate or treating themselves; others are able to wrap themselves in positive thoughts or ?mother themselves‘. There ar e, of course, many people who are incapable of doing this, and so need to be taught.

D.The third area is self-motivation. Our emotions can simultaneously empower and hinder us, so

it is important to develop the ability to control them.

E.Strategies can be learnt whereby emotions are set aside to be dealt with at a later date. For

example, when dealing with the success or good fortune of others, it is better not to suppress any negative emotion that arises. One just has to recognize it is there. And then one just needs to be extra careful when making decisions and not allow one‘s emotions to cloud the issue, by letting them dictate how one functions with that person. The separation of logic and emotion is not easy when dealing with people.

F.As social beings, we need to be able to deal with other people, which brings us to the next item

on Goleman‘s list, namely: recognizing emotions in other people. This means, in effect, having or developing ―social radar‖, ie learning to read the weather systems around individua l or groups of people. Obviously, leading on from this is the ability to handle relationships. If we can recognize, understand and then deal with other people‘s emotions, we can function better both socially and professionally. Not being tangible, emotions are difficult to analyze and quantify, compounded by the fact that each area in the list above, does not operate in isolation.

Each of us has misread a friend‘s or a colleague‘s behavior to us and other people. The classic example is the shy person, categorized by some people as arrogant and distant and by others as lively and friendly and very personable. How can two different groups make a definitive analysis of someone that is so strikingly contradictory? And yet this happens on a daily basis in all our relationships — even to the point of misreading the behavior of those close to us! In the work scenario, this can cost money. And so it makes economic sense for business to be aware of it and develop strategies for employing people and dealing with their employees.

G.All common sense you might say. Goleman himself has even suggested that emotional

intelligence is just a new way of describing competence; what some people might call savior faire or savoir vivre. Part of the problem here is that society or some parts of society have forgotten that these skills ever existed and have found the need to re-invent them.

H.But the emergence of Emotional Intelligence as a theory suggests that the family situations and

other social interactions where social skills were honed in the past are fast disappearing, so that people now sadly need to be re-skilled.

31. Many people may don‘t do nice things when they are feeling low.

32. Employers can be aware of recognizing emotions in the employees and develop strategies.

33. Emotional Intelligence as a theory is attributed to Mayer and Salovey.

34. Sometimes, we classify shy persons into arrogant and distant people by misreading them.

35. Set aside emotions from logic is difficult when dealing with people.

36. To develop the ability to control emotions is very important.

37. Knowing one‘s emotions means one can recognize that he is in an emotional state and he

knows which emotion it is.

38. Many people need to be taught how to managing their emotions.

39. The fact that the idea of Emotional Intelligence has emerged suggests that social interactivitities

are becoming less frequent.

40. Goleman links Emotional Intelligence to competence.

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks numbered from 41 to 50. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please fill in each blank with a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Before the 1850‘s, the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them 41 from colonial days. They were small, church connected institutions whose primary 42 was to shape the moral character of their students.

Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, 43 the ancient name of university. In Germany university was concerned 44 with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between mid-century and the end of the 1800‘s, more than nine thousand young Americans, 45 with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable colleges—Harvard, Yale, Columbia—and 46 them into modern universities. The new presidents 47 all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were 48 for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong aim for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it 49 , and this called for a faculty composed of teacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by 50 were replaced by the German method of lecturing, in which the professor‘s own research was presented in class.

A) rote F) transmit K) hired

B) bearing G) primarily L) transformed

C) comes H) to M) employing

D) concern I) dating N) dissatisfied

E) broke J) ideas O) on

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

It is very hard to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes ―remembering‖ things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed(嗅出) something suspicious in the grain pile.

Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 ―words‖–string of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person‘s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the kind of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.

51. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about memory?

A) It is based on the decisions we made in the past.

B) It connects our past experiences with the present.

C) It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.

D) It is rooted in our past habits and skills.

52. Memory is helpful in one‘s life in the following aspects EXCEPT that .

A) it enables one to remember events that happened in the past.

B) it warns people not to do things repeatedly

C) it involves a change in one‘s behavior

D) it keeps information for later use

53. We can infer from the passage the author‘s view about computers and human beings in terms of

intelligence is .

A) computers can understand as many as 100,000 words

B) computers have better memory than a child does

C) human beings are far smarter than computers

D) computers are as intelligent as a teenager is

54. What is the major characteristic of man‘s memory capacity according to the writer?

A) It may change what has been stored in it.

B) It may keep all the information in the past.

C) It can remember all the combined words.

D) It can be expanded by language.

55. What sets humans apart from other animals?

A) A far greater memory capacity.

B) The ability to perceive danger.

C) The ability to draw on past experience.

D) The ability to recognize faces and places on sight.

Passage Two

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic (人为的) development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this media hype (大肆宣传) is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case, that it depends on which experts you listen to, or which statistics you study.

Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world‘s leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists(气象学家) in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault—the rest attributed it to natural cyclical change.

There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans, gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on. Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a rising of world temperature which

would have disastrous consequences for mankind: ―a strong cause and effect relationship between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere‖. He has now gone on record as stating that using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that, rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wasteland.

56. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A) The author believes that man is causing global warming.

B) The author is sure what the causes of global warming are.

C) The author believes that global warming is natural process.

D) The author does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are.

57. As to the causes of global warming, the author holds that .

A) you should not speak to any experts

B) often the facts depend on which expert you listen to

C) the facts always depend on whom you are talking to

D) occasionally the facts depend on whom you are talking to

58. What is the opinion of more than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States?

A) Global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes, but man-made.

B) Global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes.

C) Global warming should make us lose sleep.

D) The consequences of global warming will be devastating.

59. According to the author, our understanding of weather .

A) is variable

B) is not very developed yet

C) leads to reliable predictions

D) cannot be denied

60. Which fact is included in Dr. James Hansen‘s present beliefs?

A) Earth is getting colder and greener.

B) The consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind.

C) It is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models.

D) There is a close link between the climate now and man‘s changing of the atmosphere.

Part ⅣVocabulary

Directions: Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from four choices given under each sentence.

61. The red words against the white wall.

A) stand by B) stand for C) stand out D) stand back

62. Since 1970s this small town has gradually been into a huge modern city.

A) transferred B) transplanted C) transmitted D) transformed

63. The poorly-paid civil servants are to bribery.

A) vulnerable B) sensitive C) subjected D) susceptible

64. Influenced by the financial crisis, export has dropped by a large since last year.

A) gap B) difference C) balance D) margin

65. When children are criticized by their teacher, parents often see it as a reflection themselves.

A) on B) to C) up D) about

66. Hearing the news, I was in enormous joy.

A) buried B) indulged C) bathed D) absorbed

67. She endured the hardships without a complaint.

A) as much as B) so much as C) as many as D) so many as

68. The firm moved to its new in 1997.

A) sites B) places C) premises D) locations

69. The discrimination against women was system from the very beginning.

A) built into B) built up C) built on D) built over

70. The commander ordered his troops to on the enemies.

A) close up B) close down C) close off D) close in

71. This film two of my favorite actors.

A) features B) shows C) specializes D) specifies

72. delicious food, she is determined to become a gourmet.

A) Hooked up to B) Hooked off C) Hooked on D) Hooked in

73. His father a fence around the garden to protect the flowers inside.

A) put into B) put up C) put off D) put down

74. The students found it easy to what the young professor taught.

A) take to B) take on C) take off D) take in

75. are that he will not show up at the board meeting.

A) Opportunities B) Possibilities C) Chances D) Occasions

Part ⅤGrammar

Directions: Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from the four choices marked A), B),

C) and D).

76. Yesterday the salesclerk caught two boys two packs of cigarettes from the convenience

store.

A) steal B) to steal C) stolen D) stealing

77. He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject.

he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.

A) So much B) How much C) So little D) What little

78. Although instant critical acclaim in 1952, he never completed a second novel,

publishing many short works instead.

A) first received by Ralph Ellison, the novel Invisible Man was

B) Ralph Ellison‘s first novel, Invisible Man, received

C) Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received

D) Ralph Ellison‘s first novel, Invisible Man, was received

79. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed was caused by an imbalance of humors in

the body.

A) that disease B) of disease C) about disease D) in disease

80. My father closed all the doors before he left the house that it might rain.

A) so that B) lest C) for fear D) unless

81. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness .

A) having eaten B) are eaten C) when eaten D) being eaten

82. Although a teenager, Johnny could resist what to do and what not to do.

A) being told B) having been told C) to be told D) to have been told

83. place on the Earth where plant and animal life has not been affected by the activities of

humans.

A) Few B) There are few C) Being few D) The few

84. It is necessary that he the project by the end of next week.

A) finish B) finishes C) finished D) will finish

85. It is no good for what has already happened.

A) regretted B) to regret C) regret D) regretting

86. Navigators on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine they are heading.

A) to where the direction B) that direction of which

C) where the direction D) the direction in which

87. The city of Kalamazoo, Michigan, derives its name from a native American word

―bubbling springs‖.

A) meant B) that is meant C) meaning D) whose meaning

88. Many English were opposed to the American Revolution of 1776 moved to Canada,

where they were known as United Empire Loyalists.

A) settling there B) settlers who C) they settled D) who were settles

89. Perhaps even more important than the accuracy and reliability of a meteorological

instrument .

A) that its correct position B) that positioning it is correct

C) is positioned correctly D) is that it be positioned correctly

90. He doesn‘t want to stay at home go to the movie theatre.

A) more than B) much less than C) any more than D) no less than

Part ⅥTranslation

Directions: Translate a passage from Chinese into English.

中国的茶文化可以追溯到周朝，约有4000年的历史。“一日三餐茶饭”成为中国人的一种日常习惯。有客人来访时，通常递上的也是一杯茶。饮茶在中国既是一种艺术也是一门学问。在中国的许多地方，沏茶的方法很复杂。中国茶叶以独特的色、香、味、形而闻名于世。在中国各种茶叶中，最著名的是绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶(oolong)和花茶(scented tea)。

Part ⅦWriting

Directions: For this part, you are asked to write a composition on the topic Going Abroad for

Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.

1.出国旅游受到越来越多人的欢迎

2.出国旅游的种种好处和弊端

3.我的选择是……

新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4

Unit 4 Fresh Start In-Class Reading Fresh Start 新的开端 1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。 2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。 4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。算了吧。我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。 5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。 6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。 7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。于是我去了食堂。 8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。就在那一刻，我意识到我把自己看得太重了。

全新版大学英语综合教程3(课后)完全版

懦夫总有疯狂的一天。 Unit One Changes in the Way We Live Text A Content Questions ( P10 ) Write and live on a farm. Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough. They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March. When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season. He decided to quit his job and start to freelance. He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian”magazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster”for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”. As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars. They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

新编大学英语综合教程3第三版unit9music

1. Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in brackets. 1. (attention) Correct answer inattention 2. (qualify) Correct answer qualified Correct answer Navigation 4. Correct answer participants 5. Correct answer unconscious 6. Correct answer competence 7. Correct answer inequalities 8. morning. (request) Correct answer

requested 9. Correct answer varied 10. Correct answer partners 2. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 11. Correct answer in 12. Correct answer of 13. Correct answer to 14. accident. Correct answer at 15. Correct answer beyond 16.

Your answer Correct answer from from 17. Your answer Correct answer to to 18. Your answer Correct answer on on 19. Your answer Correct answer in in Your answer Correct answer On On 3. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the best answer from the choices given. 21. The buses, ___________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of which B. both of which C. few of them D. those of which 22. There's only one man ____________ the job. A. qualified for

大学英语综合教程3第三版答案

大学英语综合教程3第三版答案

大学英语综合教程3第三版答案 【篇一：新标准大学英语综合教程3答案(全版)】 >unit1 active reading(1) 4. b c c d c a 5.productive attendance resistance ambitious acceptance script impressive 6.attendance ambitious productive impressive resistance script acceptance 7.mortgage deck surf coastal;defy lengthy 8.b a b b b a b b active reading(2) 4.triple cemetery rear biography cram budding finite elapse 5.elapsed;cemetery rear;crammed triple budding;biography finite 6.a b a a b b a a 7.a b b a a b b b a language in use 6.(1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无

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我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

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大学英语综合教程3答案

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全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

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新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality In-Class Reading 羞怯的痛苦 1 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影

响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。 3 相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。 5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无