初二英语第七单元知识点及练习
初二英语第七单元知识点及练习
语法详解：被动语态
英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态
⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：①They built a new bridge over the river. (主动)
→A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动)
②Many people speak English. (主动)
→English is spoken by many people. (被动)
⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
被动语态的基本用法
⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。
⒉什么时候使用被动语态
⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
①Some windows were broken last night.
②This book was published (出版) in 2005.注意：
第②句＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries.
②Rice was first grown in China.
③English is learned all over the world.注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place被动语态的基本结构
⒈动作的承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者。简写为“承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者”。
⒉主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：确定主动语态的时态，它决定着被动语态中的助动词be。→找出主动语态的主、谓、宾。
→按照上述句式改写：承受者+be+过去分词+其他＋by＋执行者
⒊常用的被动语态结构
⒋主动改为被动语态的例子：主动语态基本结构为主、谓、宾。
⑴His brother washes dishes every day.
→Dishes are washed every day by his brother.
主(执行者) 谓宾(承受者) 其他
⑵Peter will clean the room tomorrow.
→The room will be cleaned tomorrow by Peter.
⑶He must look after the little boy.
→The little boy must be looked after by him.
⑷The students are watching a charity show.
→A charity show is being watched by the students.
特殊情况的被动语态
简单句五种基本形式中的其中两种变为被动语态时十分重要：
⒈主谓＋双宾：这类短语含有介词to或for。如：give, send, show, buy, make…
⑴give sb sth＝give sth to sb，buy sb sth＝buy sth for sb
主动语态Amy gave me some nicestickers.Amy gave some nice stickers to me.
被动语态：
I was given some nice stickers by Amy.
或Some nice stickers were given to me by Amy.
⑵主动：A fairy gave the princess a magic wand.＝A fairy gave a magic wand to Princess Laura. 被动：The princess was given a magic wand by a fairy.
或A magic wand was given to the princess.
总结含有双宾语的动词短语变为被动语态的规则：可以把任何一个宾语作为被动语态的主
语；如果把直接宾语(即物体)作为主语，动词和直接宾语之间要添加相应的介词to或for。主动语态中无论使用give sb sth 还是give sth to sb，一律按照上述句子改写，即：give sb sth 或give sth to sb →sb be given sth
或sth be given to sb，这类含有介词to或for的短语见下表
⒉主谓宾＋省略to的不定式(即宾补)：使役动词变为被动语态时原来省略的to一定要加上。同)⑵hear sb do sth→sb be he常见短语⑴make sb do sth→sb be made to do sth (主动语态不含to，被动语态必须带to。（下ard to do sth⑶see sb do sth→sb be seen to do sth⑷have sb do sth →sb be had to do sth
注意特殊例子：let sb do sth →sb be let do sth (主动语态和被动语态都不含to。)
e.g. He made the workers work 12 hours a day. The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
主动形式表示被动意义：有些不及物动词(其主语大都指物)的主动语态可以表示被动意义。
⒈某些连系动词，feel, taste, smell, sound, prove等。
①The coffee smells delicious. ②The story proved quite false.
⒉某些可与well, easily, quickly等副词连用的不及物动词。
①This kind of bikes sells well. ②This
ind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
⒊某些可用于“主＋谓＋主补”结构中的不及物动词。e.g. The bag broke open.
⒋动名词在be worth doing句型中的主动形式表示被动含义
。①His novels are so well worth reading that I want one.
②These stamps are worth collecting.
⒌动名词在need, want, require等动词后，主动形式表示被动含义。
need doing＝need to be done①The problem requires dealing with immediately. ②Her bike needed repairing.
⒍动词不定式的主动形式在too…to…句型中表示被动含义。
The box is too heavy to carry.
⒎有些形容词后的动词不定式有被动含义。这些形容词有easy, difficult, heavy, nice, good, pleasant, important, useful, dangerous等。①Bad habits are easy to contract. ②English is difficult to learn.
二知识点
ternational : adj. 国际的an international meeting / international languages
2. pocket money 零花钱
3. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事He is used to getting up early every day.
Used to do sth 过去常常做某事He used to go o ut for a walk after supper, but now he isn’t.
Be used to do sth. / be used for doing sth. 被用来做--- Knives are used to cut things.
4. further :adv. / adj. too weak to walk any further / further study
Farther: adv. He jumped farther than Jack
5. interviewer ：采访者interview v. / n.
6. blindness ：n. 失明/ blind : adj the blind
7. affect: v. （influence, effect）
affect 是及物动词，表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，暗示产生的影响如此强烈，以至能引起反应，也可表示思想感情受外界事物的影响而感动。
The disease affected his mind very much.The film so affected her that she cried.
effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，不能误用为动词，常用在have an effect on sb.
influence 通常指对某人的间接影响，多指行为方面的影响
The medicine has little effect on the old man.
What we read influences our thinking.
8. medical adj. 医学的，医疗的----medicine n.
9. treatment n. ----treat v. 治疗，对待
10. volunteer n. 志愿者，义务工作者---- voluntary adj. 志愿的，自愿的
11. operation: n. 手术perform / do an operation on sb operate: v. operate on sb
12. patient: n. 病人---- adj. 耐心的
13. afford: v.常与can, could, be able to连用)买得起;有足够的...(去做...)[+to-v]
They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not.
他们没有考虑是否抽得出时间。
We can't afford to pay such a price.我们付不起这个价钱。
14. skill: n. 技能，技巧(study skills; teach sb new skills)
15. train: v. 培训，训练[(+as/in/for)]The teachers trained us to be more careful.
She was trained for nursing.她被培养成护士。
Mother trained us to be honest.母亲教育我们为人要诚实。
We train them to make use of dictionaries.我们训练他们使用字典。
16. mostly 是副词，“多半地，大多数地”He used his car mostly for going to the shops.
She is our mostly on Sunday.
most 作形容词，“大多数的，大部分的”，用作定语，后跟复数名词，指一般的或泛指的人或物，这时most 前不可用定冠词the,
Most people like to watch TV.
most 作名词，“大多数的，大部分”，表示特指的人或物，结构为：
most of + 代词宾格
most of + 限定词+ 名词（限定词可以是定冠词，指示代词或形容词性物主代词）
Most of the earth is covered with water.
Most of the students have come to the meeting.
most 作副词时有very 的意思，只用于肯定句，不可用于条件句、否定句和疑问句
He is a most clever student in the class.
比较They are most kind. They are mostly kind.
17be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Knives are used to cut things.
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，可用于各种时态，to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，表示一种状态。
Are you used to the weather there?
Are you used to getting up early now?
18. carry on 继续
They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties.
虽有困难,他们还是设法使试验继续下去。
All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.
19too weak to walk20. health care / medical treatment
21. a flying eye hospital22. operate on sb. =do/ perform an operation on sb.
23 be grateful/thankful to sb. for sth.2480 per cent of the cases of blindness
25 carry on with sth= go on with sth.26 modern medicine
27. use the plane as a teaching centre28 can be cured or prevented
29. do only two or three operations a day30 during my last visit
31 volunteer to work for…
32be afraid of sb./sth. be afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth.
33instead of + n. \ pron. \ v-in34 the lifestyle of a flying doctor
35 provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.36. be proud of sb./ sth.
37 all we need38 support one’s work
39. leave sth +prep.+ sp.40. save money / time / water
41. improve the life of patients42. be treated with kindness
43. donate money to World Vision44. instead of working to support their families
45. be not afraid of flying any more46 develop so quickly
47 so many patients with eye problems / so little education / such little children
such rich teaching experience
48 because of the war 49. do some volunteer work
28. do a lot of research on …
重点句型
1. You have some pocket money left.
2. I’m so weak that I can’t walk any further.
3. Many of our patients are so poor that they can’t afford to travel to hospital, so we have to go to them.
4. By training local doctors and nurses, we hope to help even more people.
5. Yes, indeed they are.
6. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that we can treat and cure most eye problems and improve the lives of patients.
7. All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.
8. After learning from the ORBIS doctors, the local doctors can then help people in their areas.
1. indeed: adv 真正地，确实
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真正的朋友。
(表示让步)当然,固然
He is indeed young, but he is competent. 他固然年轻,但他很称职。
(表示进一层的意思)更确切地;甚至
I am hungry; indeed, I am almost starving. 我饿了,我简直要饿死了。
2. improve: v 改进，改善
ORBIS is trying to change the lives of patients.
Their working conditions are improving.
improvement n.
a. 改进,改善;增进[U][C][(+in)]
I cannot see any improvement in your writing.
我看不出你在写作方面有什么改进。
b. 改进处,改善处[C]
Painting the room yellow is a great improvement. 把这房间漆成黄色确实好多了。
c. 改善的事物;胜过他人的人[C][(+on/over)]
This composition is a great improvement on the one you wrote last week.
这篇作文比你上星期写的那篇进步了许多
3. rich: adj (richer, richest ) ----- （反）poor (the rich, the poor)
4. invention: n. --- invent v --- inventor
5 punish: v 惩罚--- punishment : n.
罚;惩罚,处罚[(+for)]
Motorists should be severely punished for speeding. 超速驾车的人应受严厉惩罚。
The teacher punished her students for cheating in the exam. 老师处罚学生考试作弊。
6. ugly: adj （反）beautiful / cute
. instead of 代替，而不是（后接名词、代词、动名词）
He will go to the meeting instead of you.
They had to walk there because of the terrible weather instead of driving.
8. research: n. 调查；研究
She’s doing cancer research.
For further research, contact us on 83312519.
They have done a lot of research on the topic.
9. proud: adj 自豪的，骄傲的
He's too proud to speak to poor people like us. 他太骄傲了,从不与我们这样的穷人说话。
自豪的,得意的[F][(+of)][+to-v][+(that)]
She is proud that she is the cheerleader of the school. 她以当学校啦啦队队长而自豪。
She is proud of her accomplishments. 她为自己的成就而自豪。
练习一、单词拼写
1. Students have the _______ (权利) to go to school for study.
2. He likes playing ball games, _______ (尤其) football.
3. We should try our best to prevent the _______ (传播) of AIDS.
4. Some poor children can’t afford to go to school, so they can’t get basic _________.
5. In English class, every student has the ________ chance to show themselves.
1. The old man ca n’t see anything because of the _______ .
2. The doctor ______ his illness at last, so he was very happy.
3. Before you enter the company, you must have a _______ (医学的) examination.
4. H e’ll be ok if I do a small _______ (手术) on him.
5. The doctor is kind to his _______ (病人).
6. —What’s the ______?—I don’t feel well. I’ve got a headache.
7. We are very happy at school, because our teachers _____ colorful after-school activities.
8 We should _______ (阻止) people from cutting down trees.
9. His face looks _______ (苍白的) because of his illness.
10You must be _______ (培训) first if you want to become a doctor.
1.1 The girl’s parents were _________(骄傲的) of their daughter for her great success in
medicine.
12. SARS has _________(影响) many people in the world.
13. Doctors often watch _________(手术) on video.
14. AIDS affect many people in the world, ________(大部分) in Africa.
15 With the ________(捐助物) from generous people, ORBIS is able to provide good eye treatments to patients.
16 I am always ________(充满感激的) to Mrs. Chen because she helps me a lot.
17 Please tell us something about ________(失明).
18. Many people don’t have the money for medical _________(治疗).
19. The doctors are trying to _________(治好) the patient’s illness.
20. We should treat children and the old with _________(善意).
21. The good news is that 80 percent of the _________(病例) of blindness can be cured.
22. Thank you for _________(动手术) on them on the plane.
23. With the _________(发展) of economy(经济), China is stronger and stronger.
24. __________(教育) is very important.
25. __________(悲伤) will not make anything better.
26. He is looking up the word in a ________(医学的) dictionary.
27We all know that ORBIS is an international __________(组织).
28People got excited about even the smallest __________(提高).
29. The pollution is a very ________(严重的) problem in many parts of the world.
30. Many people volunteer to help ________(生病的) people.
31. Many __________(病) in the world can’t be cured.r.
32. The lives of blind people are filled with __________(悲伤).
33 __________(动手术) on patients with eye problems is very different.
34. We hope people will support our work by sending ________(捐助) to ORBIS.
35. Most cases of blindness can be cured or _________(防止).
36. Many _________(志愿的) doctors are working on planes.
37. I’m not used to taking a bus. I feel ________(恶心) a lot on buses.
38. I don’t have as much money, but my life is more _________(有意义的).
39. Dr. Ma is used to _________(工作) far away from home.
40. The problem of ________(失明) is serious. We’ll solve it soon.
41. We are the _________(幸运的) ones.
42. This book will help _________(提高) your English.
43. Many _________(支援) work for the people who are disabled in the world.
44. They wish people to _________(支持) their work.
45. The man was ________(治疗) at once. But, ______(不幸地), the operation failed and he died.
46. Finally, he had success with his classmates’ _________(支持).
47. It’s the biggest ________(募集资金的) activity.
48. I try to save some money to give to ________(慈善机构).
49. Something was wrong with my bike, but Tom has _______(修) it.
50. Daniel ________(忘) his maths book at home this morning.
53. __________(大多数) of students go to school by bike.
54. It’s very difficult for the parents to ________(教育) their children.
55. My grandmother has tried lots of ________(治疗) for her headache.
56、I hope the government will take action to ________(改善) our environment.
57The little boy is still under __________(治疗) in hospital.
58、The children from disaster areas should be treated _________(kind).
59、The film is very interesting and the _________ (far) meaning of the film is more important.
60、At last, they were in ________(agree) with what we said.
61、I don’t want to do ___________(busy) with a dishonest man.
62、This is a letter of ___________(invite) for you.
二、动词填空
1.It’s great that doctors spend much time ___________ (cure) sick people.
2.Yao Ming ___________ (train) to be one of the best basketball players in the world.
3.I get up very early to read English ___________ (improve) my spoken English.
4.Now most of eye problems can ___________(cure). So you don’t need ___________ (worry).
5.His brother is used to ___________ (work) for a long time every day.
6.We hope more people will support our work by ___________ (donate) money.
7.We should prevent them ___________ (pour) waste water into the river.
8.All these skills ___________ (teach) in our school.
9.The doctor ___________ (operate ) on five patients since 3 p.m. yesterday..
10.Her car ___________ (use ) next week.
11.I don’t know what ___________ (happen) to China in a century.
12.The stone bridge ___________ ( build) in our homework last year.
13.The desk must ___________ ( clean ) once a day.
14.The dog ___________ (lie) on the floor when I came in.
15.He’ll telephone us as soon as he ___________ (arrive) there.
16.Jiefang trucks ___________ ( make ) in Changchun.
17.Would you please tell us how ___________ ( make) the watch ___________ ( work)?
18.What __________ they ___________ ( talk) about when you ___________(come ) in?
19.World Vision ___________ (start ) in 1950. It ___________ (be ) open for over half a century.
20.Stamps ___________ (use ) to send letters.
21.The dogs ___________ ( train) to hunt.
22.He used ___________(be ) very kind to his classmates.
23.The flood ___________(affect) 10 million people since it happened.
24.The villages are very kind to us and we ___________ ( treat) as their brothers and sisters.
25.He spends as much time as he can ___________ ( improve) his listening skill.
26.I won’t return the book to you because I ___________ (not finish) reading it yet.
27.Mary will tell him the news as soon as she ___________(see) him.
28.Curing sick people ___________very important. Doctors must be careful enough.
29.I hope he ___________( come) back in a week.
30.How many English words ___________ you ___________ ( learn ) till now?
31.My father _________ ( write ) something when I ___________( go ) into the room yesterday.
32.Great changes ___________(take) place in our city in the past five years.
33.Though it was raining hard, they still ___________ ( carry) on with their farm work.
34.Some animals are our friends. They ___________ ( treat) with kindness now.
35.They can make thousands of blind people from ___________( cut ) down trees.
36.More action ought to ___________ ( take ) to prevent air pollution.
37.The organization ___（_ set ) up to take care of the wounded (受伤者) during the war in 1938.
38.The Red Cross __________ (set) up in 1963.
39.The volunteer doctor is busy __________ ( perform) an operating on the patient.
40.They should __________ ( help)when they are sick.
41.I was made __________ ( read) the next once more by Miss Chen.
42.Some medicine __________ ( give) to the patient by the nurse just now.
43.The people with eye problems can __________ ( perform) operations on by eye doctors.
44.–Where is Mr. Wang? –He ________( go) to Shanghai and he _____ (come) back in two days.
一、单项选择
1. Your advice will help me ______ my English.
A. afford
B. cure
C. improve
D. treat
2. 70% of the earth _____ covered with water.
A. are
B. is
C. were
D. being
3. All we need is enough money ______ our work.
A. to carry on with
B. carry on with
C. to carry with
D. carry with
4. Welcome to our hotel! I hope you’ll have a good time ______ your stay here.
A. after
B. during
C. with
D. since
5. This type of MP4 is my favourite, but I can’t _____ it.
A. spend
B. cost
C. pay
D. afford
6. Yao Ming is one of the best players in NBA. We are all ______ him.
A. angry with
B. strict with
C. worried about
D. proud of
7. —Do you know anything about the players of our school football team?
—Yes. They are _____ young boys between the age of thirteen and fifteen.
A. most
B. mostly
C. almost
D. at most
8. —How do you learn English, Toby?
—I often practice English ______ chatting ______ my American friends.
A. in; to
B. by; of
C. by; with
D. on; with
9 —I feel very happy that I _____ to be the host.—Congratulations.
A. choose
B. was chosen
C. have chosen
D. chose
10 —Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? —No, I _____.
A. am not invited
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invite
11. The government will _____ more colleges to provide education for students.
A. set up
B. send up
C. set out
D. use up
12. Where _____ the trousers ______ ?
A. are; made in
B. are; made
C. is; made in
D. is; made
13 —I bought a book yesterday.—Really? Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written by
B. do; written
C. was; written by
D. was; written
14. Each year quite a lot of food _____ around the world. It’s really time for us to do something.
A. was wasted
B. is wasted
C. wasted
D. will be wasted
15. —Is there a sports meeting in your school?—Yes. It _____ in November every year.
A. holds
B. held
C. will be held
D. is held
1.6 Yao Ming is a great basketball player. We are proud him. (2006河北)
A. of
B. to
C. for
D. at
17He used to in the sun, but now he is used to at night. (2007甘肃)
A. read; read
B. reading; read
C. read; reading
D. reading; reading 18Unluckily, Mr Brown drove so that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening. (2
A. careless
B. careful
C. carefully
D. carelessly
19、He makes his living by piano lessons.
A. give
B. to give
C. giving
D. given
20、I'm not used to to in that rude way.
A. be spoken
B. being spoken
C. speak
D. speaking
21、The environment isn’t as good as it ___________.
A. used to
B. is used to
C. used to be
D. was used to
22Doctors perform operations them help them see again.
A. to; to
B. on; to
C. to; for
D. for; to
23In the story every day one of the smaller animals was made the tiger something to eat.
A. bring
B. to bring
C. brought
D. bringing
24We should take some actions to people from wild animals.
A. prevent, kill
B. prevent, killing
C. preventing, kill
D. prevent, to kill
25--You're so busy! ---I your lifestyle.
A. used to
B. am used to
C. am not used to
D. can't used to
26About 85％of the cases of blindness in that place ________ by the ORBIS doctors.
A. are prevent
B. were prevented
C. is prevented
D. was prevented
27World Wide Fund for Nature ________ protect environment and animal habitats.
A. works to
B. used to
C. works for
D. work to
28、Life isn't so easy here as it be.
A. is used to
B. was used to
C. used to
D. used
29、Many blind men in poor countries have no money to travel to ____hospital, so if I only work
in ________ hospital, I c an’t help them.
A. a, /
B. /, a
C. /, /
D. a, a
30、_________ it is to do __________hard work, I think.
A. How fun; such a
B. What a fun; so
C. What fun; such
D. How funny; so
31、He began to work in that hospital in 2003 _________ a doctor.
A. as
B. on
C. at
D. in
32、Half of the class _________ most of the work. Some of the work _______ really difficult.
A. have done; is
B. have done; are
C. has done; is
D. has done; are
33、More and more people in Beijing are learning English __________ they can better serve(服务)
the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. because of
B. so that
C. even though
D. as if
34、The house is ________ small for us _____________.
A. so; to live
B. too; live in
C. very; to live on
D. enough; living
35、I was too busy _______ my homework _______ you.
A. doing; helping
B. to do; to help
C. doing; to help
D. to do; helping
36、We should work ____________ to earn ________ for our living.
A. hardly enough; enough money
B. enough hard; enough money
C. hardly enough; money enough
D. hard enough; enough money.
37、We all think that_________ kind ______ you to give me so much help.
A. it’s; for
B. it; for
C. it’s; of
D. it; of
人教版英语八年级上册第7单元
上学期第7单元同步验收练习题听力部分（共20分）I. 听单词，判断该词是(√)否(×)含有所给的音素。（5分） 序号音素判断 1 /k/ 2 /s/ 3 /u/ 4 /e/ 5 /n/ II. 听句子，选出与其意思相符的图画。（5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ III. 听对话，补全句中所缺的单词。（5分） M: Hi, Ann, let's make fruit salad. W: OK, Jim. That's a good (1)______. Can you make it? M: Yes, I can. W: How much (2)______do we need? M: Two (3)______. W: How many (4)______do we need? M: Let me see. We need three oranges. W: And how much (5)______do we need? M: One teaspoon. W: Anything else? M: No. Now let's make fruit salad. IV. 听短文，根据其内容选择正确答案。（5分） 1. Some people outside China like to have their tea______. A. with milk B. with nothing C. with milk and sugar 2. Chinese people like tea______in it. A. with milk B. with nothing C. with sugar 3. People in China eat______. A. more vegetables than meat B. more meat than vegetables
人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结
英语知识点 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way ? 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without th inking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从……出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此……以至于…48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a d iffic u lt situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃 二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了 2. W hat should she do?她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。② You shouldn’ t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or abook? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？ 4. I think I sat in the same way for too long withoutmoving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 5. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经……；过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发11. come up w ith 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计
人教版初中英语知识点复习总结
人教版初中复习资料 【初中英语词组总结】 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康 45 be in trouble 处于困难中
人教版初二英语语法总结及复习要点
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father's job?
人教版八年级上册英语知识点汇总
新人教版｜八年级上学期英语所有必考知识点大汇总 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 【重点语法】 不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 用法注意： 1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。 some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。 2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。 3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting 【重点短语】 1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 【词语辨析】 1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照 quite a few+名词复数“许多…” 2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事I seem to have a cold It seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ... 好像，似乎….. It seems like a good idea. 3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......” arrive at +小地点 （注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home） 4. feel like sth 感觉像… feel doing sth. 想要做某事 5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。 6. because of +名/代/V-ing because+从句 He can’t take a walk because of the rain. I don’t buy the shirt because it was too ex pensive. 7. enough +名词足够的…... 形容词/副词+enough Unit2 How often do you exercise? 【重点语法】 1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never 频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。 2.“次数”的表达方法 一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上：基数词+ times, 如：three times, five times, 3. how often“多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。
初二英语知识点归纳八年级英语知识点汇总
初二英语知识点归纳八年级英语知识点汇总 升入初二，英语越来越难了，想要学好英语，就要常对所学过的英语知识点进行归纳，下面就来给大家分享初二英语知识点归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。 (一) 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。 be going to do (动词原形)结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah e to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't 否定句构成：will + not (won't)+do
Sarah won't e to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
人教版八年级上册英语第七单元重点知识总结
Unit 7 1.Words 重点讲解： 1)Pollutevt.污染；玷污；败坏 Eg: The river has been polluted by waste products from the factory. 这条河已经受到工厂排放的废料所污染。 The violent films pollute the minds of the young men. 暴力电影毒害着青年人的思想。 2)Futuren.未来；前途；期货；将来时 Eg： We discussed about our future plans. 我们讨论了我们的将来计划。
The plant loves shade. 这种植物喜阴处。 This map shows the layout of the plant. 这张图展示了工厂的布局。 She moistened the soil round the plant. 她把植物周围的土壤弄湿。 4)Partn.部分；角色；零件；片段vt.分离；分配；分开vi.断裂；分手adv.部分地adj.部分的 Eg： He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在xx接受的。 He crystallized salt as part of his experiment. 他使盐结晶作为他的实验的一部分。 They planted the first church in that part of the city. 他们在那座城市的那一部分创办了第一座教堂。
初二英语知识点总结
初二英语知识点总结： （一） 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow） I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. （sleep later） _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________ 答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow. （二）should的用法：
(完整版)人教版初中英语知识点汇总
初中英语知识点汇总初一年级（上） 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about…? 3. Let’s do sth. 4. It’s time to do sth. 5. It’s time for … 6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s… 7. Where is…? It’s…. 8. How old are you? I’m…. 9. What class are you in? I’m in…. 10. Welcome to….11. What’s …plus…? It’s…. 12. I think… 13. Who’s this? This is…. 14. What can you see？I can see…. 15. There is (are) …. 16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)… 17. Whose …is this? It’s…. 18. What time is it? It’s…. III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr…. 2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you? 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! You’re welcome. 7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What’s your name? My name is …. 9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who’s on duty today? 11. Let’s do. 12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法 1. 动词be的用法； 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法； 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法； 4. 冠词的基本用法； 5. There be句型的用法。 【名师讲解】 1.in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。 例如：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。 2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。 Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。 This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。 These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如： This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？ 3. There be/ have
初二英语知识点总结知识讲解
初二英语知识点总结
初二英语知识点总结： （一） 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句
初二英语第七单元知识点及练习
初二英语第七单元知识点及练习 语法详解：被动语态 英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态 ⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 如：①They built a new bridge over the river. (主动) →A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动) ②Many people speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by many people. (被动) ⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。 被动语态的基本用法 ⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。 ⒉什么时候使用被动语态 ⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 ①Some windows were broken last night. ②This book was published (出版) in 2005.注意： 第②句＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 ①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries. ②Rice was first grown in China. ③English is learned all over the world.注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place被动语态的基本结构 ⒈动作的承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者。简写为“承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者”。 ⒉主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：确定主动语态的时态，它决定着被动语态中的助动词be。→找出主动语态的主、谓、宾。 →按照上述句式改写：承受者+be+过去分词+其他＋by＋执行者 ⒊常用的被动语态结构
最新(2013秋)人教版八年级上册英语知识点及单词
最新（2013秋）人教版八年级上册英语知识点及单词 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多study for为……而学习go out出去most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴of course当然feel like给……的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为 one bowl of…一碗……the next day第二天drink tea喝茶find out找出；查明go on继续 take photos照相something important重要的事up and down上上下下come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来……look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事/ try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 Unit2 How often do you exercise? help with housework帮助做家务on weekends在周末how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次twice a month每月两次every day每天be free有空 go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动be good for对……有好处go camping去野营not…at all一点儿也不……in one’s free time在某人的业余时间the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过less than少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现……spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
八年级上册英语知识点总结完整版
八年级上册英语知识点总结完整版 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。 本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。 2.不定代词和不定副词的用法： （1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing 构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where 构成不定副词； （2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词）；（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。 He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后） Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后） Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？ (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后) （4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。
Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。 本单元的短语和知识点： 1. go on vacation去度假go to the mountains 上山/进山 2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考go out出去 4. quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）take photos照相most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好 taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词 7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself） 8. go shopping去购物9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有 He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。 10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。 11.keep a diary记日记 12. in+大地方：达到某地（get to +地方：达到某地） arrive at+小地方：达到某地(get的过去式为got)
人教版八年级上册英语第七单元精选练习题附答案
Unit7 Will people have robots? 第一课时Section A(1a～2d) 01基础过关 Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。 1．One day his ________(预测) may become true. 2．What should we do to save the ________(环境)? 3．Do you know the meanings of the last two ________(部分) of the article? 4．We all know the moon goes round the ________(地球)． 5．How many ________(行星) are turning around the sun? Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 6．I think cities in 50 years will be big and ________(crowd)． 7．There are different kinds of green ________(plant) in the park. 8．The ________(pollute) in the city is becoming more and more serious. 9．There is lots of ________(paper) on the desk. You can take some. 10．Mr.Zhang will ________(teach) us math this term. Ⅲ.单项选择。 ( )11.She will be a teacher ________ two months. A．on B．after C．in D．at ( )12.Now ________ is very serious.Some rivers and lakes are ________. A．pollution；pollute B．polluted；pollution C．pollution；polluted D．pollute；polluted ( )13.You can study ________ a computer ________ home ________ the future. A．on；at；at B．on；at；in C．in；at；in D．on；in；at ( )14.—Will there be any paper money? —No，________. A．there won't B．they won't C．they aren't D．there will ( )15.The doctor wanted my father to eat ________ pears and drink ________ coffee. A．less；fewer B．fewer；less C．few；fewer D．less；less Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 16．这个孩子处于极大的危险之中，他可能会失去生命。 The kid is ________ ________ ________ and he may lose his life. 17．只有少数人能活到100岁。 Only a few people can ________ ________ ________ 100 years old. 18．每个人都应该参与到保护野生动物中来。 Everyone should ________ ________ ________ in protecting wild animals. 19．我叔叔决定搬到南京去。 My uncle decided to ________ ________ Nanjing. 20．今晚将有一场英文电影。
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