第十四节反意疑问句

第十四节反意疑问句

一、概念：（The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

二、类型：

1.陈述部分肯定式+ 疑问部分否定式

They work here, don’t they?

She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?

2.陈述部分否定式+ 疑问部分肯定式

You didn’t go, did you?

He can’t ride a bike, can he?

3、请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：

1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.

I’m as tall as your sister, aren't I?

I am a student, aren’t I

2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

3)陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

There are few apples in the basket, are there?

He can hardly swim, can he?

They seldom come late, do they?

She rarely speaks to you in English, does she?

4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5)陈述部分有have to + v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

They had to cross the busy street, didn’t they?

6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he?

She used to stay up late, usedn’t she?

7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

You’d better get up early, hadn’t you?

8)陈述部分有would rather + v.疑问部分多用wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9)陈述部分有You'd like to + v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You’d like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况：

（1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可”时，附加问句通常要用must.

You mustn't stop your car here,must you?

你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？

（2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't.

They must finish the work today, needn't they?

他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？

（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。

He must be good at english,isn't he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？

?He must be a doctor, isn't he?

?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you?

?He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

?It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

?

（4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。

She must have read the novel last week,didn't she?

她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？

You must have told her about it,haven't you?

你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？

11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a nice smell, isn't it?

12)陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

Either you or he is right,isn’t he?（就近一致）

13)陈述部分主语是指示代词that, this 或不定代词everything, nothing, 疑问部分主语用it 。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?

14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：

a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

As Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He suggested you visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句谓语是I / we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(doesn’t he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they?

Nobody will go, will they?

16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

You dare not say so, dare you?

当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

Turn on the radio, will you?

注意:Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?

?Let us wait for you in the room, will you ?

It is a fine day. Let’s go fishing, shall we?

Let us do this job,will you ?

当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达

Let me help you, may I?

18)陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。（be+主语）There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

There were many people in the room then, weren’t there?

19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20). 反义疑问句的回答用yes，no 但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。They don’t work hard, do they?

Yes, they do.

不，他们工作努力。

No, they don’t.

对，他们工作不努力。

4.主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：

前句主语后句主语例句

This/that

It This is your brother,isn’t it?

Something\anything\

everything\nothing

Nothing is serious,is it?

V.ing/to v.Swimming is great fun,isn’t it?

These/those they Those are books,aren’t they? Everybody/everyone

Someboby/someone Anybody/anyone He/they

Everyone knows this,don’t they?

(Everyone knows this ,doesn’t it?)

Both…and…They/you/we Both Tom and Jack came, didn’t they?

Nobody He Nobody likes to lose money, does he?

had better 用should或

had

We had better go right now, shouldn’t we / hadn’t we?

“ would rather + 动

词原形”

“would like to + 动词

原形”

用wouldn’t You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t you?

I am Aren’t I I am your friend, aren’t I?

Let me …will you 或

may I ：

Let me help you, may I?

Let’s…shall we Let’s go for a walk, shall we?

let us …will you Let us do it by ourselves, will you? Let接第三人称will you Let him come in, will you?

感叹句Isn’t

it/aren’t …?

What fine weather, isn’t it?

否定的祈使句will you或

can you ：

Don’t make a noise, will / can you?

表示邀请,请求的祈使句

will you

won’t you/

would you

Come here, will you?

Turn off the light, will you?

表示告诉别人做某事

的祈使句

will you、

can you、

would you或

can’t you、

won’t you ：

Stop talking, can you?

Write down the new words, will you / won’t you?

5.谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：

前谓语后谓语例句

have (有)have或

do

Mary has two brothers, doesn’t she / hasn’t s

he?

have (有)与陈述

部分一致

He hasn’t a lot of time, has he?

have不做“有”用do They all have a good time, don’t they?

have to 用do或

have

We have to get up early, don’t we / haven’t we

?

have got to用have We have got to answer all the questions, have n’t we?

had better 用should

或had

We had better go right now, shouldn’t we / ha

dn’t we?

may may 主

语 + not

They may be here next week, may they not?

must(必须)用needn’t You must do it today, needn’t you? must(应该)用mustn’t I must study hard, mustn’t I?

mustn’t 用must或

may

You mustn’t talk like that, must you?

实义动词need和

dear

用do He needs help, doesn’t he?

情态动词need和dear 用need和

dear

He dare not say so, dare he?

needn’t 用need或

must

He needn’t do that, must he?

“ would rather +

动词原形” “would like to +动词原形”用

wouldn’t

You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t yo

u?

“ought to + 动词原形”用

oughtn’t

或

shouldn’t

We ought to go there, shouldn’t we?

“used to + 动词原形”“didn’t +

主语”

“usedn’t

主语”

He used to live in London, us edn’t he / didn’t

he?

三、快速记忆表

陈述部分的谓语疑问部分

I aren't I

Wish may +主语

no,nothing,nobody,never,

few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义

rarely, little等否定

含义的词

ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语) used to didn't +主语或usedn't +主语had better + v. hadn't you

would rather + v. wouldn't +主语

you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语

must 根据实际情况而定

感叹句中be +主语

Neither…nor,

either…or 连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定

并列主语

指示代词或不定代词

everything,that, 主语用it

nothing,this

并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定

定语从句,宾语从句的

主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定

think,believe,expect,

suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相的从句

everybody,anyone,

somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he

情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语

dare, need 为实义动词do +主语

省去主语的祈使句will you？

Let's 开头的祈使句Shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句Will you?

there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式

must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

初中英语语法之反义疑问句

注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即：

陈述句 + 逗号 + 省略问句 + 问号

You are from America, aren’t you?

注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则（但在祈使句等一些特殊句子中需注意，详细见注意七）

Jim isn’t in Class Four, is he?

注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同

Mr Zhang has been here for four years, hasn’t he?

注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）

1． this 或that改it，无论是否指人

This is your brother, isn’t it?

2. these或those改they

Those are books ,aren’t they?

3. 不定代词one改one或he

One can’t be always young, can one / he?

4. something、anything、everything和nothing改it

Nothing is serious, is it? (注意为什么后面用is it而不是isn’t it?)

Everything seems all right, doesn’t it?

5. everybody、everyone、somebody、someone、anybody、anyone、nobody改they或he（任选，但选定后注意单复数形式）

Everyone knows this, don’t they / doesn’t he?

Nobody likes to lose money, does he? (这里最好用he)

6.each of改he或they

Each of the boys had an apple, didn’t he / they?

7. no one, none, neither, either改they 或he

No one came, did they?

8. some of…、none of …改it、they或you（联系上下文或句子）

None of the food was delicious, was it?

Some of the dustmen have come back, haven’t they?

9. 由neither…nor…、not only…but also、both…and…、either…or…、not…but…、…or…、…and…等连接的并列主语，改复数代词

Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?

Both Tom and Jack came, didn’t they?

10. 由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改it

To learn English well isn’t easy, is it?

Swimming is great fun, isn’t it?

11. the + 形容词表示一类人，改复数代词

The poor had no right (权力) to speak at the time, did they?

12. there 引起的句子（There be句型等），仍用there

There stands a house and a lot of trees, doesn’t there?

There are many children in the park, aren’t there?

注意五、附加疑问句部分与谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）(初中阶段14点18点和19点可以常识性了解)

1. have (有)改have或do

Mary has two brothers, doesn’t she / hasn’t she?

2. have (有)必须与陈述部分一致

He hasn’t a lot of time, has he?

Miss Green doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?

3. have不做“有”解释，必须用do

They all have a good time, don’t they?

4. have to用do或have

We have to get up early, don’t we / haven’t we?

5. have got to用have

We have got to answer all the questions, haven’t we?

6. had better用should或had

We had better go right now, shouldn’t we / hadn’t we?

7. can’t（不可能，表示推测）根据can’t或的动词选择相应的形式

He can’t be a doctor, is he?

The workers can’t have finished their work, have they?

8. may 用may + 主语 + not （英语中不用mayn’t）

They may be here next week, may they not?

9. must(必须)用needn’t

You must do it today, needn’t you?

10. must(应该)用mustn’t

I must study hard, mustn’t I?

11. mustn’t用must或may

You mustn’t talk like that, must you?

We mustn’t stay here any longer, must we?

12. “must be”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理

He must be happy, isn’t he?

He must be working hard at the office, isn’t he?

must表示推测时，也有用mustn’t的

He must have been working very hard, mustn’t he?

You must have told Mr Wang the secret, mustn’t you?

13. “must + 完成时”表示对过去情况的推测，作一般过去时附加疑问句处理

He must have come yesterday, didn’t he?

You must have seen the play last week, didn’t you?

14. “must + 完成时”用来推测过去的动作持续到现在按现在完成时的附加疑问句来处理

You must have studied English for years, haven’t you?

He must have lived here for at least ten years, ha sn’t he?

14. 实义动词need和dear用do

He needs help, doesn’t he?

I have never dared to ask him, have I?

15. 情态动词need和dear用need和dear

He dare not say so, dare he?

We need not do it again, need we?

16. needn’t用need或must

You needn’t go yet, need you?

He need n’t do that, must he?

17. “ would rather + 动词原形”和“would like to + 动词原形”用wouldn’t

He would rather read the text ten times than recite it, wouldn’t he?

You’d like to have some bananas, wouldn’t you?

18. “ought to + 动词原形”用oughtn’t或shouldn’t

The child ought to be punished, oughtn’t he?

We ought to go there, shouldn’t we?

19. “used to + 动词原形”用“didn’t + 主语”或“usedn’t + 主语”或“used + 主语 + not”

He used to live in London, usedn’t he / didn’t he?

He used to play football when he was a child , used he not?

注意六、句子中有seldom, hardly, no, not, never, few, little, nothing, nobody, nowhere等是否定句,附加疑问部分必须采用肯定形式

Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?

He is hardly able to swim, is he?

There is little ink in your pen, is there?

no one, nobody, none, nothing, neither等作动词的宾语时,附加疑问部分一般采用肯定形式(也偶尔用否定形式)

He has nothing to say, does(n’t) he?

You got nothing from him, did(n’t) you?

注意七、一些特殊句型的附加疑问句

1. I am…改aren’t I

I am your friend, aren’t I?

2. I wish to do sth或I wish I …改may I

I wish to go home, may I?

I wish I were you, may I?

3. 主从复合句,与主句的主谓语保持一致

He says that I did it, doesn’t he?

David wouldn’t go there if it rained, would he?

4. 并列句,与邻近的分句保持一致

Mary is a nice girl, but she had one short-coming, hadn’t she?

5. 表示邀请,请求的祈使句,附加疑问部分用will you或won’t you或would you等,一般只要记住will you就可以了,不遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则

Come here, will you?

Turn off the light, will you?

Do sit down, will you?

6. 表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句，用will you、can you、would you或can’t you、won’t you

Stop talking, can you?

Write down the new words, will you / won’t you?

7. 否定的祈使句用will you或can you

Don’t make a noise, will / can you?

8. Let me …用will you 或may I

Let me help you, may I?

Let me do it, will you?

9. Let’s…表示建议包括听话人在内，用shall we

Let’s go for a walk, shall we?

10. let us …表示允许，不包括听话人在内，用will you

Let us do it by ourselves, will you?

11. Let接第三人称宾语时用will you

Let him come in, will you?

12. Let’s not …用OK或all right

Let’s not go to the party, OK / all right?

13. 感叹句用一般现在时be的形式（故事中用一般过去时be的形式） What fine weather, isn’t it?

How clever the boy is, isn’t he?

How hard she works, isn’t she?

初中英语感叹句和反意疑问句

中考英语重点句法考点：感叹句和反意疑问句 一、结构： What/ How +被感叹的部分+ 主语+ 谓语！What beautiful flowers they are ! 二、变法： 一断，二加，三调位。 一断表示在谓语动词的后面断开，二加表示在断开的两部分中间加what 或how ,三调位表示前后两部分对调位置。 They had a good time yesterday . 一断：They had / a good time yesterday . 二加：They had（what）a good time yesterday . 三调位：What a good time they had yesterday. 三、what引导的感叹句： 1.what + a / an +adj + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ a clever boy he is ! 2.what + adj + 复数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ heavy boxes they are ! 3.what + adj + 不可数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ bad weather ! 四、how引导的感叹句： 1.How + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！ _________ hard they are working ! 2.How + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ How tall a boy he is ! 3.How + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！ ________ heavily the rain is falling! 五、what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换： 1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is ! 2.How delicious the food is != ______ delicious food it is ! 六、几个常见的感叹句： 1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ important information ! 3.______ good news ! 4.______ good advice / music ! 5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strong wind ! 七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词： food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice 2010中考英语重点句法考点：反意疑问句 一、结构： 陈述句+ 附加疑问句？It's hot today ,isn't it ? 二、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯 2.前名后代 3.时态一致

only的位置 和反义疑问句

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好英语。 Only when she came come did he know the news. 只有当她回家时他才知道这消息。 Only if he tried hard would he do it better. 只有努力他才会做得更好。 3．在口语或非正式的书面语中，only有时可以放在主语和谓语之间或句尾，但仍强调句中的谓语、宾语、状语等。被修饰的成分是通过语调表示出来的。这种用法不及only放在它所修饰的词、短语前普通。例如： He only eats vegetables.=He 'eats vegetables only. 他只吃蔬菜。 I want only six apples.=I only want 'six apples.=I want 'six apple s only. 我只要六个苹果。 It’s made only from fresh fruit.= It’s only made 'from fresh fruit.=I t’s made 'from fresh fruit only.它是用纯新鲜水果制成的。 I met her only yesterday.= I only met her 'yesterday.=I met her ' yesterday only. 我昨天才见到她。 4．only还可以用在一些祈使句的句末，表示给公众提示。例如：Ladies only! 女士专用！（布告用语） Standing room only! 只有站票！（戏院或车站售票处用语） For members only! 仅接待会员！ 4 楼Date: 2008-08-06 18:23:51 鹤影碧宵

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中考英语重点句法考点： ----感叹句和反意疑问句

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1.How + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！ _________ hard they are working ! 2.How + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ How tall a boy he is ! 3.How + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！ ________ heavily the rain is falling! 五、what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换： 1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is ! 2.How delicious the food is != ______ delicious food it is ! 六、几个常见的感叹句： 1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ important information ! 3.______ good news ! 4.______ good advice / music ! 5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strong wind ! 七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词： food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice

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C. shall we; shall we D. shall we; will you 参考答案：D let’s的反义疑问部分用shall we，否定祈使句的反义疑问句部分用will you，故正确答案为D。 5. You girls stand in the front row, ______ ? A. do they B. will they C. do you D. will you 参考答案：D 有时祈使句带有自己的主语，此时不要将其误认为是陈述句，由于该句是祈使句的肯定含义，故正确答案为D。 6. 按要求改写句子。 Don’t tell him the secret.（改为反义疑问句） Don’t tell him the secret, ______ ______ ? 参考答案：will you 否定祈使句的反义疑问句部分用will you，故该题正确答案为will you。 7. 按要求改写句子。 Never come late again.（改为反义疑问句） Never come late again, ______ ______ ? 参考答案：will you never是否定副词，因此该句是否定意义的祈使句，因此反义疑问句部分用will you，故该题正确答案为will you。 8. 按要求改写句子。

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安徽专升本英语常考语法之强调句、倒装句、反义疑问句.

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A. comes the bus；comes it B. the bus comes；it comes C. comes the bus；it comes D. the bus comes；comes it until ___________ sixteen ___________ to school. A. he was；did he go B. he was；he went C. was he；he did go D. was he；went he until the next morning ___________. A. did Mary come back B. Mary came back C. came Mary back D. came back Mary ___________ when it began to rain. A. had he got home B. he had got home C. had got home he D. he home had got sooner ___________ than he fell asleep. A .his head had touched the pillow B. had his head touched the pillow C. touched the pillow his head had D. touched the pillow had his head ___________. A. did I think of it thought of it C. did think I of it D. thought of it I ___________. A. Lily her feelings showed B. did show Lily her feelings C. Lily showed her feelings D. did Lily show her feelings