2014高考英语真题-上海卷(含答案详解)

2014年高考英语真题上海卷（含答案详解）

补全短文（共16小题；共16.0分）

A

My Stay in New York

After graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, 1. I might have a better chance to find a good job. 2. (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that 3. I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.

Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already 4. (exhaust) shoulders. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had said that 5. I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps, 6. my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.

Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty 7. (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned 8.

I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.

B

The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country's first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.

Peter Fox, who is 9. electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine10. (equip) with securing cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.

Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, 11. is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.

He said, "I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by 12. . The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term 'automatic shop' is far 13. (appropriate)."

In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains 14. (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, 15. (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores.

Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution 16. those villages without a local shop.

选词填空（共10小题；共10.0分）

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

alert classify commit delicately

gentle impose labels moderation relieve signals simply

Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 17. at the supermarket. Since you really 18. yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help 19. some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket—including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.

Governments don't have to 20. healthier lifestyles through laws—for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect—one that encourages us to choose what is best—we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea

combines freedom to choose with 21. hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.

The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to 22. foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 23. by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 24. that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 25. ; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 26. . The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.

完形填空（共15小题；共22.5分）

Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple 27 .

Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 28 do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out—and why; how to deal with difficult 29 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.

So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 30 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 31 issues.

Dunbar 32 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—33 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.

Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 34 of the higher primates(灵长类动物) like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 35 from outside it.

As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 36 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 37 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 38 the pressure and calm everybody down.

But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 39 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 40 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal(有声的) grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 41 contact.

27. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language

28. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally

29. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural

30. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters

31. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult

32. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens

33. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result

34. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behavior

35. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance

36. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses

37. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection

38. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease

39. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained

40. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful

41. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secret

阅读理解（共12小题；共24.0分）

A

Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.

Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.

Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.

Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.

Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.

Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.

As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature". But maybe you can't trust her, either.

42. A plover protects its young from a predator by .

A. getting closer to its young

B. driving away the adult predator

C. leaving its young in another nest

D. pretending to be injured

43. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author

means .

A. chimps are ready to attack others

B. chimps are sometimes dishonest

C. chimps are jealous of the winners

D. chimps can be selfish too

44. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.

B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.

C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.

D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.

45. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Do Animals Lie?

B. Does Mother Nature Fool Animals?

C. How Do Animals Learn to Lie?

D. How does Honesty Help Animals Survive?

B

Let's say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen? Consider putting the habit loop to use.

Here's how it works:

A habit is a 3-step process. First, there's a cue, something that tells your brain to operate automatically. Then there's a routine. And finally, a reward, which helps your brain learn to desire the behavior. It's what you can use to create—or break—habits of your own.

Here's how to apply it:

Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick a reward—say, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brain will start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?

46. Which of the following best fits in the box with a "?" in THE HABIT LOOP?

A. Pick a new cue.

B. Form a new habit.

C. Choose a new reward.

D. Design a new resolution.

47. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively

by .

A. changing the routine

B. trying it for a week

C. adjusting your goal

D. writing it down

48. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?

A. To test out different kinds of cues.

B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.

C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.

D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.

49. "This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?

A. The Harry Potter poster.

B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.

C. An English newspaper.

D. Watching TV for half an hour.

C

If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality (虚拟现实) device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a

group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."

The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.

To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.

Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards—potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism—the bias(偏见) that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.

The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."

50. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to " ".

A. building

B. exchanging

C. controlling

D. transplanting

51. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that .

A. our feelings are related to our bodily experience

B. we can learn to take control of other people's bodies

C. participants will live more passionately after the experiment

D. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes

52. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, .

A. they fought strongly against racism

B. they scored lower on the test for racism

C. they changed their behaviour dramatically

D. they were more biased against those unlike them

53. It can be concluded from the passage that .

A. technology helps people realize their dreams

B. our biases could be eliminated through experiments

C. virtual reality helps promote understanding among people

D. our points of view about others need changing constantly

阅读与表达（共4小题；共8.0分）

More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.

Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.

So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct (行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency(透明) in their operations. Increasingly, too, they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.

All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.

Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?

Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue(美德): it is just good business.

根据短文内容填空，每空不多于10个词。

54. Both in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.

55. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.

56. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to .

57. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations

while making profits.

翻译（共5小题；共5.0分）

58. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)

59. 将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to)

60. 没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)

61. 家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)

62. 虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)

作文（共1小题；共25.0分）

63. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

学校英语报正在酝酿改版，拟从现有的三个栏目（健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报。假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件，表达你的观点。邮件须包括以下内容：

1. 你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；

2. 你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由。

答案

第1部分

1. where

2. To earn

3. as soon as / as long as

4. exhausted

5. if

6. what

7. adapting

8. did

9. an

10. is equipped

11. which

12. myself

13. more appropriate

14. has forced

15. urging

16. to

第2部分

17. labels

18. commit

19. relieve

20. impose

21. gentle

22. classify

23. simply

24. signals

25. alert

26. moderation

第3部分

27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D

31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A

36. C 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. B

41. C

第4部分

42. D 43. B 44. A 45. A

46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. B

51. A 52. D 53. C

第5部分

54. shareholders and employees

55. Companies talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments. / Companies create codes of conduct. / Companies devote themselves to more transparency in their operations. / Companies set common rules with their competitors to spread risks.

56. create value

57. take social responsibilities

第6部分

58. I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.

59. It's up to you what kind of life you will lead in the future.

60. There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.

61. Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen.

62. While modern society, rich in material resources, has given consumers more choices, it also turns many of them into crazy shoppers.

第7部分

63. 范文略，请自主发挥

2014上海高考英语真题解析

I.Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Passage A

1. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。由于先行词为New York，故填关系副词where引导定语从句，同时在从句中做状语。

2. 本题考查不定式在句中做目的状语。根据后面内容some money to pay the daily expenses （一些钱来支付日常费用）可知，是为了赚钱，故填To earn。

3. 本题考查状语从句的连词。根据设空以及后面内容I was offered a good position, I would resign at once（我被提供一个好职位，我就马上辞职）的逻辑关系可知，这里填“一……就……”或“只要……”。故此处填as soon as 或as long as。

4. 本题考查过去分词表示“人的心理感受”。句意为：经过一段时间，高额的生活费用成了我本来就已经疲惫的肩膀上的负担。故填exhausted。

5. 本题考查条件状从句的连词。根据句意…I want to have a better career adva ncement, I had to find work in the city“……我想要一个更好的职业发展，我就不得不在城市里找工作”可知，前句表示条件，故填if。

6. 本题考查名词性从句的连词。根据句式结构可知，本句是一个主语从句做主语，而连词又在从句中做动词had told的宾语，故填连接代词what。

7. 本题考查短语have difficulty in doing sth的搭配，故本空填adapting。

8. 本题考查考查倒装句。由于从句Not until I returned位于句首，且有否定词，因此句子用部分倒装结构，再根据句子的时态---一般过去时，故填did。

Passage B

9. 本题考查冠词用法。由于engineer是可数名词，而electrical前面为元音读音，故该空填不定冠词an。

10. 本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据…and looks like a mini shop可知：首先本句用的是一般现在时；其次本句是并列谓语结构；又由于The machine和equip是动宾关系，故该空填该动词的一般现在时的被动语态is equipped。

11. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。根据句式结构可看出，这是一个非限定性定语从句，而空中所缺的成分既代替先行词his invention，又在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which。

12. 本题考查反身代词。根据前句I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted 可以推断“所以我自己做”。故填myself。

13. 本题考查形容词比较级。该自动售货机英语为huge outdoor vending machine，但是作者认为用术语the term “automatic shop”相比之下应是“较合适”，即用比较级形式。由于appropriate为多音节形容词，故前面加more。

14. 本题考查考查动词时态。根据时间状语In recent years可知，该句用现在完成时。故正确答案为has forced。

15. 本题考查现在分词做结果状语。根据前句…about 400 village shops closed句意“……大约400家村店关闭”可以看出结果是“促使当地政府给挣扎的村店提供经济支持……”，故用现在分词urging。

16. 本题考查介词用法。根据短语offer sth to sb/ sth可知，该空填to。

Section B

17. G 本题考查名词搭配。由于在超市里，所以是阅读食物标签（labels）。故选G。

18. C 本题考查动词短语搭配。根据所给词汇以及…yourself to a healthier lifestyle，只有commit yourself to（承诺……）符合句意。故选C。

19. L 本题考查动词用法。根据后面内容some of the burden of doing it all yourself以及前面动词help可知此空应填relieve（减轻），构成“……能够有助于减轻独自做这事的一些负担”。故选L。

20. F 本题考查动词用法。根据句子逻辑，此句意思为“政府不必通过法律来强加（impose）更健康的生活方式，如戒烟”。故选F。

21. E 本题考查形容词用法。根据设空，本空填形容词，而alert（警觉的）不符合句意，只有gentle（文雅的）符合句意。故选E。

22. B 本题考查动词短语用法。本句句意为“英国和瑞典政府引进了所谓的交通灯系统来吧食物分类为健康的或不健康的”，短语classify …as…表示“把……分类为……”，故选B。23. K 本题考查副词用法。根据…customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package（顾客们只要看包装上的指示灯一眼就能看出每一个产品含有多少脂肪、糖和盐）可知，此空填simply。故选K。24. J 本题考查动词用法。由于空后所接的是宾语从句，所以该空填及物动词，结合后面indicates的意思可知，该空填signals（表示）。故选J。

25. A 本题考查形容词用法。根据前面“绿灯表示三种营养的量是健康的”可知“黄灯表示三种营养的量可能有问题”，因此消费者应当留心（alert）。故选A。

26. H 本题考查名词词义。根据句子red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients（红灯意味着至少三个营养中的一个是高的）可知，这样的食物应当有节制地（in moderation）吃。故选H。

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

[语篇导读] 本文介绍了闲聊在日常对话中的重要分量以及形成这种情况的原因。

27. C根据下文We gossip……可知，人们大多数时候都在谈八卦。

28. B本题考查副词词义。occasionally意为“偶尔地”；habitually意为“惯常地”；independently 意为“独立地”；originally意为“起初”。原句为“我们通常用语言来干什么”故选B。

29. A根据下文“children, lovers, and colleagues”可知，本句是要表达应该怎样应对不同的社会情境，故选A。

30. D由下文的“we talk a lot about nothing in particular”可知，我们经常说一些无用的话，滥用语言，waster 更符合句意，故选D。

31. A由上文“It's not the case……”可知，Professor Robin Dunbar认为gossip是很重要的事，故选A。

32. B由下文中“instead……”可知，Professor Robin Dunbar不认同传统的观点，reject表示“排斥，拒绝”，故选B。

33. C由argue可知，Dunbar的观点与传统观点相反，for instance 表示“例如”；in addition 表示“此外”；on the contrary表示“相反地”；as a result表示“因此”故选C。

34. D结合下文可知，研究的是灵长类动物的行为，故选D。

35. A根据句意可知，猴子们形成团体是为了在内部发生争端和外部攻击时寻求支持，故选A。

36. C本题考查动词词义。recall表示“回想”；deny表示“否定”；conclude表示“总结”；confess 表示“承认”根据句意，选C。

37. D由上文59空“monkeys form groups……”可知，人们组成团体是为了寻求保护，团体越大，保护力度也越大。故选D。

38. D结合上下文，此空应填表示“减轻，延缓”的词，故选D。

39. B根据上下文，此空应填表示“增加，延长”的词，故选B。

40. B由上文maintain its effectiveness可知，应填effective（有效的），故选B。

41. C结合全文，本文强调了语言作用，强调在语言在人类发展过程中比身体接触更有效，故选C。

Section B

Passage A

[语篇导读] 诚实是件好事，而有时说谎对于生存也很重要。本文介绍了一些鸟和动物的欺诈行为，并且联系到对母性的怀疑。

42. D根据文章第二段倒数第二句“It pretends to have a broken wing”可知，应选D。

43. B结合倒数第三段以及全文可知，Chimpanzees, or chimps也是不诚实的动物，故选B。

44. A根据文章倒数第二段三、四句“But some clever chimps….. to share their food.”可知A正确。

45. A本文认为说谎可以帮助动物生存，并举出几个例子来证明这个观点，故选A。Passage B

[语篇导读] 本文讲述了如何考虑一个人的习惯周期来设计一个能够持续的新年决定，从而达到预期的效果。

46. C根据逻辑关系如果对问题“Do you actually enjoy the reward?”的答案是否定（No），下一步应为找到另一个奖励。故选C。

47. D根据图表中“Studies show that ……write it down”可知，应选D。

48. B结合全文可知，THE HABIT LOOP只是帮助人们达成目标的工具，人们最终的目标是在没有奖励的情况下培养习惯或坚持目标，故选B。

48. A句子“This year……an hour.”意思是今年我看到《哈利波特》的海报时，我决定读30页的英语小说或报纸才能看半个小时的电视。所以应选A。

Passage C

[语篇导读] 如果你能成为世界上的任何人，可能是谁呢？本文介绍了了身体交换以及它带来的体验。

50. B根据上文中step into the skin of another person，以及机器的名字The Machine to Be Another 可知，swap表示“交换，故选B。

51. A由文章第三段第一句“To get used to……having control of it”可知，B错误，C原文中没有提到，排除，由第三段中最后一句“participants really start……person's body”可知，D错误，故选A。

52. D根据文章倒数第二段中最后一句you're less likely to think ill of them（测试后人们对不同人的偏见降低）可知，测试前他们对那些与他们不同的人有偏见，故选D。

53. C根据文章倒数第二段最后一句because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person可知，应选C。

Section C

54. 根据文章第一段最后两句可知，这里的很多人指的是“公司的股东及雇员们”，故此空填shareholders and employees

55. 根据文章第三段可得知“风险管理的任意一条防御措施”，所以答案为Companies talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments.或Companies create codes of conduct. 或Companies devote themselves to more transparency in their operations.或Companies set common rules with their competitors to spread risks.

56. 根据文章第四段第二句话“……它能够有助于创造价值。”可知，该空填create value。

57. 根据文章第六段第一句及第二句话（法人的社会责任现在已被看作是一个社会主流事件。由于对社会责任的奉献大的公司项告诉世人它们良好的公民资格。）可知，该空填take social responsibilities。

第II卷(Omitted)

（高考不提分，赔付1万元，关注快乐学https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a3333021.html,了解详情）

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