2018年考研英语二真题与答案

2018年研究生入学考试英语（二）试题

SectionⅠUse of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .

In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.

Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’

s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.

1.A.ignore B.protect C.discuss D.resolve

2.A.refuse B.seek C.wait D.regret

3.A.rise https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,st C.hurt D.mislead

4.A.alert B.expose C.tie D.treat

5.A.trial B.message C.review D.concept

6.A.remove B.deliver C.weaken D.interrupt

7.A.Unless B.If C.When D.Though

8.A.change B.continue C.disappear D.happen

9.A.such as B.rather than C.regardless of D.owing to

10.A.disagree B.forgive C.discover D.forget

11.A.pay B.food C.marriage D.schooling

12.A.begin with B.rest on C.lead to D.learn from

13.A.inquiry B.withdrawal C.persistence D.diligence

14.A.self-deceptive B.self-reliant C.self-evident D.self-destructive

15.A.trace B.define C.replace D.resist

16.A.conceal B.overlook C.design D.predict

17.A.choose B.remember C.promise D.pretend

18.A.relief B.outcome C.plan D.duty

19.A.how B.why C.where D.whether

20.A.limitations B.investments C.consequences D.strategies

Section IIReading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.

Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?

As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.

But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.

On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.

But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens moredoors.Buteven now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.

In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.

Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.

21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of.

A.academic training

B.practical ability

C.pioneering spirit

D.mechanical memorization

22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.

A.have a stereotyped mind

B.have no career motivation

C.are financially disadvantaged

D.are not academically successful

23.we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,ed to have more job opportunities

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,ed to have big financial concerns

C.are entitled to more educational privileges

D.are reluctant to work in manufacturing

24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.

A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs

B.may narrow the gap in working-class jobs

C.indicates the overvaluing of higher education

D.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce

25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.

A.tolerant

B.cautious

C.supportive

D.disappointed

Text 2

While fossil fuels—coal，oil，gas—still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.

Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummetingprices of renewables，especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.

In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland，for example，wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead，notably China and Europe，the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March，for the first time，wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US，reported the US Energy Information Administration.

President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal—as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa，he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many in Iowa，where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.

The question“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.

The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers，who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.

While there’s a long way to go，the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.

26.The word“plummeting”(Line 3，Para.2)is closest in meaning to.

A.stabilizing

B.changing

C.falling

D.rising

27.According to Paragraph 3，the use of renewable energy in America.

A.is progressing notably

B.is as extensive as in Europe

C.faces many challenges

D.has proved to be impractical

28.It can be learned that in Iowa, .

A.wind is a widely used energy source

B.wind energy has replaced fossil fuels

C.tech giants are investing in clean energy

D.there is a shortage of clean energy supply

29.Which ofthe following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6?

A.Its application has boosted battery storage.

B.It is commonly used in car manufacturing.

C.Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.

D.Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.

30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.

A.will bring the US closer to other countries

B.will accelerate global environmental change

C.is not really encouraged by the US government

D.is not competitive enough with regard to its cost

Text 3

The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’friendships and social lives.

Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currentlyplotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.

Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power.But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.

The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphidsfor the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield.Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes.It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit.

31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its.

A.digital products

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,er information

C.physical assets

D.quality service

32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.

A.worsen political disputes

B.mess up customer records

C.pose a risk to Facebook users

D.mislead the European commission

33.According to the author,competition law.

A.should serve the new market powers

B.may worsen the economic imbalance

C.should not provide just one legal solution

D.cannot keep pace with the changing market

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,petition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because.

A.they are not defined as customers

B.they are not financially reliable

C.the services are generally digital

D.the services are paid for by advertisers

35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.

A.a win-win business model between digital giants

B.a typical competition pattern among digital giants

C.the benefits provided for digital giants’customers

D.the relationship between digital giants and their users

Text 4

To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted world,recommends building a habit of “deep work”—the ability to focus without distraction.

There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a “journalistic”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.

Newport also recommends “deepscheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any given point,Ishould have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month.Once on the calendar I protect this time like Iwould a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.

Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day —in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford, author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.

While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.

In order to make the most of our focus and energy. We also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport suggests,“be lazy.”

“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body...[idleness]is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.

Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.

“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”. says Pillay.

36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to ________.

A.keep to your focus time

B.list your immediate tasks

C.make specific daily plans

D.seize every minute to work

37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that ________.

A.distractions may actually increase efficiency

B.daily schedules are indispensable to studying

C.students are hardly motivated by monthly goals

D.detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected

38. According to Newport, idleness is ________.

A.a desirable mental state for busy people

B.a major contributor to physical health

C.an effective way to save time and energy

D.an essential factor in accomplishing any work

39. Pillay believes that our brains’shift between being focused and unfocused _______.

A.can result in psychological well-being

B.canbring about greater efficiency

C.is aimed at better balance in work

D.is driven by task urgency

40. This text is mainly about _______.

A.ways to relieve the tension of busy life

B.approaches to getting more done in less time

C.the key to eliminating distractions

D.the cause of the lack of focus time

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

A. Just say it

B. Be present

C. Pay a unique compliment

D. Name, places, things

E. Find the “me too”s

F. Skip the small talk

G. Ask for an opinion

Five ways to make conversation with anyone

Conversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.

You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.

Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.

41.____________

Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says “I want to talk with this person”—this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something—the first word—but it just won’t come out. It feels like itis stuck somewhere, I know the feeling and here is my advice just get it out.

Just think: that is the worst that could happen? They won’t talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!

I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”,“Hey”or“Hello”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say“Hi”.

42.____________

It’s a problem all of us face: you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.

Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut of“hi”,“hello”, “how are you?”and“what’s going on?”you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that’s can make it so memorable.

So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.

43.____________

When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point. When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you’ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.

44.____________

Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask”.

So when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.

45.____________

You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name. Isn’t that awkward!

So remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing the hate—whatever you talk about.

When you remember such thing you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So the feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.

That’s it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!

Section ⅢTranslation

46.Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

A fifth garder gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut”but quickly adds “scientist”to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough. He can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads—everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy”at the dinner table.

That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most science fiction and reference books; recently, he revealed that he reads at least so nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction title because they explain how the world works.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,”Gates says.

Section ⅣWriting

Part A

47. Directions:

Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to

1)apologize and explain the situation, and

2)suggest a future meeting.

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your own name. Use“Li Ming”instead.

Do not write your address.(10 points)

Part B

48. Directions：

Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing you should

1)interpret the chart and

2)give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案解析

1、【答案】[B] resolve

2、【答案】[D] seek

3、【答案】[A] hurt

4、【答案】[D] expose

5、【答案】[C] trail

6、【答案】【D】deliver

7、【答案】【A】when

8、【答案】【B】happen

9、【答案】【D】such as

10、【答案】【A】discover

11、【答案】[D] food

12、【答案】[A] lead to

13、【答案】[C] inquiry

14、【答案】[B] self-destructive

15、【答案】[B] resist

16、【答案】[B]predict

17、【答案】[C]choose

18、【答案】[D] outcome

19、【答案】[B] whether

20、【答案】[A] consequences

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

21、【答案】[A] practical ability

22、【答案】[C] are not academically successful

23、【答案】[B] used to have more job opportunities

24、【答案】[D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education

25、【答案】[A] supportive

Text 2

26、【答案】[C] failing

28、【答案】[A] wind is a widely used energy source

29、【答案】[C] Its continuous supply is becoming a reality

30、【答案】[C] is not really encouraged by the US government Text 3

31、【答案】[B] user information

32、【答案】[C] pose a risk to Facebook users

33、【答案】[D] cannot keep pace with the changing market

34、【答案】[D]the services are paid for by advertisers

35、【答案】[D] the relationship between digital giants and their users Text 4

36、【答案】[A] keep to your focus time

37、【答案】[D] detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected

38、【答案】[D] an essential factor in accomplishing any work

39、【答案】[B] can bring about greater efficiency

40、【答案】[B] approaches to getting more done in less time

Part B

41、【答案】[A] (Just say it)

42、【答案】[G] (Ask for an opinion)

43、【答案】[E] (Find the “me too”s)

44、【答案】[B] (Be present)

Section III Translation

【全文翻译】

一名五年级的学生的家庭作业要求他从一系列的职业中选出他未来的职业道路。他选择了“宇航员”，但很快又将“科学家”加入名单，也选了这一职业。这个男孩确信如果他读的书足够多，他就能想探索多少条职业道路，就探索多少条。因此他读书——从百科全书读到科幻小说。他如此狂热地阅读以致于他的父母不得不制定一条吃饭时“不能读书”的规矩。这个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，他从未停止过阅读–即便在他成为全球最成功人士之后也如此。今天，比尔盖茨的读物已经不再是科幻小说和参考书目：最近，他表示自己每年至少阅读50本非虚构读物。盖茨选择读非虚构类图书，因为这些书解释了世界是如何运作的。“每本书都开辟了探索新知识的道路。”比尔盖茨说。

Section IV Writing

51.【参考范文】

Dear Professor Smith，

How have you been recently? I am exceedingly sorry to tell you that although I have promised to visit you this Friday, I have to cancel my travel plan because of the following reason.

Two days ago, I suddenly accepted the notice that there would be an academic meeting this Friday night in our department and everyone was asked to attend. I know that my changing plan has definitely caused some inconvenience to you. I am so sorry for my failing to keep the promise of visiting you. Therefore, in order to make up this situation, I wonder if you could give me another chance and spare some time to meet me next Monday.

I am so sorry for any inconvenience caused by me. Hope you can accept my apology and arrange a new time for me to visit you. I am looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

P

2018年考研英语二真题与答案解析

2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can back fire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a f inal experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would

最新2018年考研英语二真题与答案

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二） 及答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will ___3___. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12 ___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such __ 13____ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.

2018年考研英语二真题与答案

2018年研究生入学考试英语（二）试题 SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one. Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’

2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析(完整版)

2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析（完整版） ——跨考教育英语教研室 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students'willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one,5each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seve n were told only that some were electrified7left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more sho cks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced th is effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photograph s of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.Curiosity is often co nsidered a good instinct-it can12new scientific advances,for instance-but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a prof ound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment,partici pants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant pic

2018年考研英语二真题

绝密★启用前 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试 英语（二） （科目代码：204） ☆考生注意事项☆ 1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡 指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。 2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷 条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。 3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须 书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂 写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。 （以下信息考生必须认真填写） 考生编号 考生姓名

SectionⅠUse of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct–it can12new scientific advances, for instance–but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long-term 20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.

2018年考研英语二真题及答案及解析

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二） Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply bec ome lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a gre at time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National Un iversity of Ireland in Galway. These days, bec ause leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.

2018年考研英语二真题答案解析

2018年研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及解析 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments. 1. A.resolveB.protectC.discussD.ignore

2018考研英语二翻译真题完整版(凯程首发)

2018考研英语二翻译真题完整版（凯程首发） 刚刚考完，凯程的电话瞬间变成了热线，学员兴奋地汇报他们的考试情况，提到了英语作文，两篇作文都是在集训营训练的过的内容。凯程近1-2天发布真题解析视频，预祝同学们第二天考试顺利。 SectionⅢTranslation 46.Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points) A fifth garder gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations.He ticks“astronaut”but quickly adds“scientist”to the list and selects it as well.The boy is convinced that if he reads enough.He can explore as many career paths as he likes.And so he reads—everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels.He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a“no reading policy”at the dinner table. That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most science fiction and reference books;recently,he revealed that he reads at least so nonfiction books a year.Gates chooses nonfiction title because they explain how the world works.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,”Gates says. 来源：凯程青青老师

2018考研英语二复习计划-很详细

2018考研英语二复习计划，很详细 一、学习和巩固基础的词汇语法 （1）背单词： 英语大纲要求5500左右的词汇量，大学四、六级的词汇量约5000+，但是不要以为考研单词就不用背了。其实，考研英语比较难的原因之一就在对单词的考察比英语四六级更为精深，所以考研核心词汇必须要背，并且要深入的掌握才行。 比如，简单的一个单词address，大家都知道是“地址”的意思，看到address a problem就蒙了，address作为动词，意思为“开始解决问题”。这个例子就说明了为什么说考研英语词汇考察的更精深了。背单词的方法，建议词汇书和真题搭配着用，真题买一本有逐句解析的，这样就不用一个一个查生词意思了。 （2）语法（简单句+长难句）： 考研英语对于语法的考察并不具体，但是实际上任何题型都要涉及语法。很多同学都对简单句不屑一顾，这绝对是错误的，简单句是长难句的基础，基础都学不好，还想学好更高层的知识点吗？ 这也是为什么我很不喜欢那种只解析长难句的真题，这种不利于我们全面掌握语法。我买的是吕升运的《考研圣经》，就是因为我英语基础不好，想要从简单句句法开始学起，这本真题是逐句讲解语法的，长难句简单句都涵盖了，感觉这样的真题更适合我。 二、3月份至7月份：死磕真题，题型专项提高

经过第一阶段的学习，要总结规律和方法以更好地继续复习，比如：适合自己的背单词方法和学习英语的时间等等。第二阶段，要进一步归纳总结各个专项题型的出题规律和解题思路。下面就谈谈具体的经验吧。 （1）阅读理解 在英语复习的过程中，阅读不和背单词一样，要贯穿始终。个人建议的阅读方法是这样的：做每一篇阅读都先看题目和选项，把重要的人名，时间，原因等等选项中涉及的问题做标记，然后再看文章，有的放矢，带着任务去阅读，会发现很多段落和题目无关，省略不读，细读跟选项有关的段落。题目做完以后，不要着急再往下做新的篇章，要把这篇文章细看一遍，不会的单词要查阅记录，更重要的事把每个出题点细读一下，揣摩出题人的意图和角度，这样这篇阅读才算完成。（2）完形填空 完形填空是大家都比较头疼的一项，我也不例外。这个题型是考察大家对词汇、语法、结构和习惯用法的理解掌握。做这一部分时，要迅速将文章浏览一遍，基本把握文章的逻辑和信息要点，要关注首尾两段，各段的首句和“关键词”。完型是考研的第一道题，答得不理想，会直接影响到后面的阅读，建议把完型放到后面做，实在时间不够可以放弃。 （3）翻译（英译汉） 考研的翻译不同于单句翻译。要先通读并理解全文，并对文章内容和风格有一个完整和全面的认识，一定不能拿来文章就翻译，看一句译

2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析

2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析 (1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to __1__ uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill __2__ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will __3__. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students′willingness to__ 4__ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one __5__ each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist Half of the pens would __6__ an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified __7__ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would __8__.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, __9__ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to __10__ is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for __11__ or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can __12__ new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such __13__ can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do __14__ things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to __15__ ,however.In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to __16__ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to __17__ to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the __18__ of following through on one′s curiosity ahead of time can help determine __19__ it is worth the endeavor.Thinking about long-term __20__ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don′t read online comments. 第1题 A.resolve B.protect C.discuss D.ignore 第2题 A.refuse B.wait C.seek D.regret 第3题 A.rise https://www.wendangku.net/doc/103493254.html,st C.mislead D.hurt 第4题 A.alert