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高中英语语法where从句

高考英语语法：关于“where”从句详解

来源：天星更新日期：2010-05-15点击：249

“where”是高考热点之一，命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。

(1)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.

句中where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中做状语；

(2)You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree.

句中where是连接副词，引导名词从句做表语，而本身在从句中做状语；

(3)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

句中where是从属连词，引导状语从句。

在回答有关where的题目时，往往会遇到这样两个难点：

一、定语从句中，“感觉不到”的where。

一提到where，我们往往都借其词义，想到“哪里”，无论是在工厂，在学校，在街道等等，都看得见，摸得着，例如：

They will fly to Washington, ____ they plan to stay for two or three days.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. when

答案A，这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿，他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”，使用where，有具体的地点。

不过再看一看下面的三个题目：

（1）Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.

A. where

B. when

C. who

D. which

（2）After graduation she reached a point in her career ____ she needed to decide what to do.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. where

（3）My current job search is perhaps the only time in my life______I'm finding it's more helpful to be task-oriented rather than goal-oriented.

A. which

B. what

C. where

D. that

答案ADC，全部都是where。但是，你肯定不像刚才的“飞往华盛顿”的那个题目，能一眼辨别出是选择where。

上面第（1）题，先行词是cases，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“in the cases(在这些案例中)”的意思；

第（2）题，先行词是point，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“on the point(在她职业中的那一点)”的意思；

第（3）题，先行词是time，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“at the time(在那一时段)”的意思。

当然，我们还会碰到一些先行词，同样会用关系副词where引导定语从句，而让我们感觉不到“具体的哪”，这就需要同学们扩大听读，在具体的、鲜活的语言材料中不断体会，从而加以把握。

二、“内涵”不尽相同的三大从句里的where。

在学习中，很多同学容易犯的一个错误，就是不分定语从句、名词从句和状语从句where的不同内涵，把定语从句中介词+which所能等同的where，误认为适用名词从句和状语从句的where，把它们看成了一回事。例如：

A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

很多同学在回答这个问题时，都不假思索地选择了B. which，认为in which 就是where，引导定语从句。但是全句在in which前没有先行词，因此不是定语从句。本题应当选择A。

那么，where在名词从句和状语从句中到底是什么样的内涵呢？

我们来看一看下面两个题目：

（1）Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's _______ the best jobs are.

A. where

B.what

C. when

D. why

答案A。where作为连接副词，引导名词做表语，这里实际是“the place where”的意思。

（2）You’d better not leave the medicine _____ kids can get at it.

A. even if

B. which

C. where

D. so that

答案C。where作为从属连词，引导状语从句，这里实际是“at the place where”的意思。

分清楚where在不同从句中的内涵，可以使我们在选择的时候，建立比较好的“语感”，从而帮助我们准确回答好题目

高中英语重点句型归纳

来源：天星更新日期：2007-11-11点击：3481

1. may (just) as well do sth.

may as well do sth. 表示“不妨；倒不如”，用来提出建议。如：

We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.

我们不妨试一试，看看能否办成。

There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed.

没什么事可做，我还是上床睡觉好了。

[注意]

might as well也可表示“不妨”，但语气更委婉一些。其也是may as well 的过去时形式。如：

Since she had come up to London, she might as well speak her mind.

既然她已来到了伦敦，她还不如说出真心话。

2. As far as I know ．．．

as far as 表示“就……而言；从……来看”。as far as I know就我知道的而言；as far as I can see就我能看到的而言；as far as they are concerned 就他们而论；as far as the eye can reach 就视力所及。如：

As far as I know, he isn’t coming to the party.

就我所知，他不会来参加这次聚会。

As far as I am concerned, I cannot object to your marriage.

就我个人而言，我不反对你们的婚事。

知识拓展

as far as还可表示“到某一指定地点；一直到（某地）”。如：

They walked as far as the foot of a mountain.

他们一直走到山脚下。

I’ll see you off as far as the airport.

我将一直送你到飞机场。

[高考示例]

_______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (北京2004春)

A. As long as

B. As far as

C. Just as

D. Even if

（注意：斜体部分为最佳选项。）

3. That sort of thing.

That sort of thing. 独立使用时，为一省略结构。如：

Home is happiness and sweetness. That sort of thing（=Home is that sort of thing）.

家庭意味着幸福、温馨，就是这个样子。

这一结构通常应该是and that sort of thing，表示“等等诸如此类的事”。如：

The store sells socks, gloves, caps and that sort of thing.

这家商店经营袜子、手套、帽子等同类商品。

虚拟语气：虚拟语气在 wish 后的宾语从句中

来源：天星更新日期：2007-11-01点击：3568

II. 虚拟语气用在 wish 后的宾语从句中

虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。

1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望

构成：

主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式（be 一律用were）

例如：

I wish I knew everything in the world.

I wish that the experiment were a success.

We wish we had wings. 我们希望有翅膀。

Example:

I wish it ______ not so cold outside.

A. shall be

B. be

C. were

D. is

I wish I ______ you better.

A. know

B. knew

C. will know

D. have known

2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望

构成：

主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词

例如：

I wish that you had called yesterday.

I wish that I could have gone with you last night.

I didn’t go to th e party, but I do wish I had been there.

Example:

I wish you ______ such a great deal of fuss.

A. were not caused

B. had not caused

C. have not caused

D. are not caused

I wish that you ______ such a bad headache because I’m sure t hat you would have enjoyed the concert.

A. hadn’t had

B. hadn’t

C. didn’t have

D. hadn’t have

3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望

构成：

主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词

例如：

I wish that he could try again.

I wish that someday I should live on the moon.

We wish that they would come soon.

Example:

I wish that we ______ with my brother when he flies to England next week.

A. could go

B. had gone

C. will go

D. are going EXERCISE

1. I wish you ______ like that.

a. don’t talk

b. wo uldn’t talk

c. won’t talk

d. not to talk

2. I wish I _____ how to operate the machine.

a. have known

b. know

c. can know

d. knew

3. He is not a millionaire but he _____ he were.

a. wishes

b. hopes

c. longs

d. believes

4. I wish that I ______ visit my uncle the day after tomorrow.

a. shall

b. have

c. would

d. am going to

5. I wish it ______ spring all the year round.

a. will be

b. were

c. be

d. is

6. I wish I _____ to that university with you yesterday.

a. would go

b. went

c. did go

d. had gone

7.I left very early last night, but I wish I ______ so early.

a. didn’t leave

b. hadn’t left

c. haven’t left

d. couldn’t leave

8.Nancy sometimes wishes that she ______ in the big city.

a. was not living

b. did not lived

c. were not living

d. does not live

9.James wishes he ______ the football game instead of the film.

a. had seen

b. saw

c. had been seen

d. see

10. While you’re here, I wish ______ have a look around the house.

a. you’ll

b. you’ve

c. you’d

d. you better

11.Looking back on it, I wish you ______ me first.

a. asked

b. have asked

c. ask

d. had asked

12.“Do you want me to lend you some money?”

“I wish you ______. I would pay you back next week.”

a. should

b. would

c. did

d. might

13.I wished it ______ but it did.

a. had not occurred

b. would not occur

c. was not occurred

d. did not occur

14.He didn’t go to her birthday party, but he does wish he ______ there.

a. has been

b. would be

c. had been

d. would have been

15.“These typewritten papers are very neat.”

“I wish I ______ type too, but I don’t know how.”

a. can

b. may

c. will

d. could

高考英语写作常用的8种强调方式

来源：天星更新日期：2010-04-07点击：264

一、用形容词“very”，“single”等表示强调

Red Army fought a battle on this very spot. 红军就在此地打过一仗。

Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon. 今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。

二、用反身代词表示强调

I myself will see her off at the station. 我将亲自到车站为她送行。

You can do it well yourself. 你自己能做好这件事情。

三、用助词“do”表示强调

The baby is generally healthy，but every now and then she does catch a cold. 那孩子的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。

Do be quiet. I told you I had a headache. 务必安静，我告诉过你，我头疼。

四、用副词“very”，“only”，“even”，“too”，“just”等表示强调

He drank it to the very last drop.他把它喝得一干二净。

Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops. 只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。

He didn’t answer even my letter.他甚至连我的信都不回。

I will too go! 我要去的!

The scenery is just superb. 风景真是美极了。

五、用“...and that”，“...and those”，“not...too much”，“否定加否定”等结构表示强调

They fulfilled the task，and that in a few days. 他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务。

I gave her some presents，and those the day before yesterday. 前天我送给她的就是那些礼物。

I can’t thank you too much. 我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。

I am not unfaithful to you. 我对你无比忠诚。

六、用短语“in every way”，“in no way”，“by all means”，“by no means”，“only too”，“all too”，“but too”，“in heaven”，“in the world”，“in hell”，“on earth”，“under the sun”等表示强调

His behaviour was in every way perfect. 他的举止确实无可挑剔。

By all means take your son with you. 你一定要把儿子带来。

The news was only too true. 这消息确实是事实。

It was over all too soon! 此事的确了结得很快!

Where in heaven were you then?当时你到底在哪里?

Nobody under the sun would buy that car. 确实没有人会买那辆车。

七、用倒装句表示强调

Dishonest he is! 他的确不诚实!

In wine is the truth. 酒后吐真言。

八、用强调句型表示强调

It was the headmaster who opened the door for me. 正是校长为我开的门。

It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment. 就是在昨天我们做了那个

实验。

高中英语【语法归纳】宾语从句

宾语从句 1、定义如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个宾语，那么这个句子就是宾语从句。 2、与简单句的区分例：*I love teaching.---简单句 *I love what he is doing.---宾语从句 ★宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。例：*We can learn what we did not know. *I don't agree with what you said at the meeting. 3、语序宾语从句的语序一般都为陈述句语序。 A.一般情况下，即使是有疑问词，从句仍然是陈述句式。例：This book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告诉你最棒的总经理知道什么。 Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem. 你能理解诗人在这首诗里真正想表达的是什么吗？ B.但个别宾语从句本应用陈述语序，可由于习惯而保持原疑问语序不变。例：I don't know what is the matter with him. I have no idea what was the matter with him. 我不知到他到底怎么了。关于matter的从句都是疑问语序基本上说I don't know what is wrong也是

对的，可一般来说都是分成两句讲。 I don't know.Is anything wrong？/what's wrong with you. C.特殊类型的宾语从句：当主句中的谓语动词表示认为、建议、猜测时，如think,say,guess,suppose,suggest,say,believe,feel,consider等，这时宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why,就不能按照正常语序安排,经常会将这类词放在句首。例：What course do you say I should take up this semester? Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? 4、连接词（引导词） 1）陈述句做宾语（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导。在口语或非正式体中常省略。例：I don’t know（that）Tom was late again. 2）一般疑问句做宾语，用if／whether引导，if或whether在宾语从句中不作成分。但if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例：I want to know if(whether)he lives there. He asked me whether(if)I could help him. ★if/whether的区别 A.从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether； B.及物动词discuss后的宾从，只用whether； C.if与whether都可以与or not连用，但后面紧跟着or not时只能用whether； D.介词后的宾从只用whether; E.后接动词不定式时用whether. 3）特殊疑问句做宾语，用特殊疑问词连接（宾语从句缺什么成分就选择相应的特殊疑问词）。

高中英语语法系列：定语从句

高中英语语法系列：定语从句知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等关系词三重作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中，who lives next to me是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。二、关系词引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom指人，用作宾语 which指物，用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物，用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句：先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.

高中英语语法大全

（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that

高中英语语法状语从句归纳总结

状语从句一．二．分类：

adv.+that （如此……以致） so that （结果……） such+n.+that （如果……以致） that （所以，因此）让步状语从句： though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although （虽然） however （可是） even though/if （即使） no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever （不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时）比较状语从句： as （正如） as…as （和……一样） not as/so … as （不如……） than （比……更） the+比较级…+the+比较级（越……越……）条件状语从句： if （假设） unless （如果不） so long as （只要） on condition that （如果）方式状语从句： as （像……那样地） just as （正像） as if （好像） as though （好像）三．四．各种状语从句的简化方法：

1． 2．以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于after/before+doing sth. 作状语。例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house．= After singing，she left the rich man's house．3． 4．以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village． = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village． 5． 6．时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例：She stopped when she saw her husband．= She stopped to see her husband． If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． = To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． 7． 8．结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tired to go any further． I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．9． 10．以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car． 11．原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house． = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house． 12．在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited．= The film start appearing，the children got exited． If all the work is done, you can have a rest．= With all the work done，you can have a rest． Nothing can live if there is no air．= Nothing can live without air．

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我不知道他来自何方。 The chil dren didn’t know who Father Christmas is.孩子们不知道谁是圣诞老人。 He asked me why I was late for the meeting. 他问我为什么迟到。 Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?你能告诉我去火车站的路怎么走。（3）.如果用一个一般疑问句来充当主句的宾语，则由连词if或whether引导。如： She asked me if she could borrow these books. 她问我她能否借这些书。 Could you tell me if there are any good museums in Newtown? 你能告诉我新镇是否有一些好的博物馆吗？ I am not sure if he will come to my birthday party. 我不太确信他是否会参加我的生日聚会。考点二注意正确使用时态当主句谓语动词是一般现在时时，从句可以根据实际情况使用相应的时态；当主句是一般过去时时，从句根据实际情况用过去时态的某一种。

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