英语论文 互联网在英语学习中的作用
On the Role of the Internet in English Study
Ⅰ. Introduction
Since the 60s, computers have been on the application in language teaching. After several years’ development, making full use of the Internet helps to improve the level of second languages.
As we all know that computers are very good at storing, manipulating and retrieving large amounts of information, making them particularly useful in the area of “data –driven learning.”
With the widely use of computers and the increasing development of Internet technology, the network has gone deep into people’s work, study and life in all aspects. It breaks through the traditional limitations of time and space. So that learning and exchanging are more convenient and efficient. The widely use of network give a strong technical support to foreign language teaching. People use the information resources of the Internet to go into language teaching and research. There are many commonly-used electronic tools assisting our English learners to study English well today, such as using e-mail, chat rooms, instant messenger like MSN, long-distant education, e-dictionary, online newspaper, etc. All the tools mentioned above are respectively helping us to improve English listening comprehension, spoken English, English reading skills and written skills.
We also know that most of the Internet contents are in English, so teachers and students can gain enormous variety of materials relating to all spheres of life. Especially in non-English speaking countries, such as China, websites are the invaluable sources of information, both for teachers to create classroom materials and for their classes to explore the whole world just by clicking the mouse. The number of rich resources will not only increase information, but also broaden our horizons, promoting teaching philosophy, teaching practice and other aspects of comprehensive updating.It is the question that teachers must think about how to take advantages of network resources and mobilize students’interests in language learning. What’s more, they should explore effective new ways to improve the quality and efficiency of teaching.
Ⅱ. Necessity of the application of the Internet
In the information age, network resources plays more and more important role on people’s lives, and network technology is changing people’s way of life completely,
especially in learning. As Mr He Kekang, the well known scholar pointed out: “The learning environment, like traditional library and data center can not meet the rapid changes in the information age. There is an urgent need for new information services and a more open environment for learning.However, the development of network technology provides an opportunity to change this situation, and also provides the material basis for the sharing of resources and the exploration of learning in information age. ”
With the use of Internet into the class, a large number of international information can be used in teaching, creating a direct, effective, fast and convenient way to contact with the outside world. It could bring in the latest experience, information and materials into the classroom expand exchanges with the outside world, offer an excellent tool for teaching reform to the high, deep-level development.
English is the dominant language online, information-based community puts forward a new and higher requirement for English language learning.It is an extension of classroom teaching, as well as the communication without cultural and national boundaries. These show the advantages of science and technology on the human role in promoting the society.How to make full use of network resources to enhance learning efficiency is what the teachers must think about.
Ⅲ. The advantages of Internet-based teaching and learning
As the use of the Internet is widespread in many fields and domains, not only have educators realized recently that, it also carries great potential for educational use, especially second and foreign language education. The advantages of Internet-based English Teaching and Learning will be discussed from the following aspects.
3.1 Arousing students’ interest s and enhancing their motivation
The traditional English teaching is very boring and inefficient, especially in reading and writing, violating the natural process of language learning. The traditional English teaching is a type of spoon-feeding teaching method, teachers are seen as the providers of English knowledge and skills, students only passively assimilate and imitate the teachers' words, working their way boringly through the English textbook, reading the articles word by word. Not only the teachers but also the students think there is too much focusing on detail information and structural analysis. So many students are tired of this type of traditional English classes. Once they no longer have enthusiasm or motivation for study English, they often lost in their English Test.
Internet is very popular among students. Either because they are associated with intersting or because those young students are considered to be fashionable．By sending E-mail or message and joining BBS, or joining new groups, students can interact with their own classmates and they can also comunicate with people they have never met．So
student motivation is increased by the way, and it make them feel more independent．3.2Extending the time and place of English learning
Some researchers note that the Internet extends more time than what one can do in the classroom. The traditional interaction of the foreign language provides FL learners with more input than they would be able to expect from class，which typically amounts for not more than four hours per week in most high school or college settings. Students can study English in a public library, staying in their comfort students' hostel, or a peaceful cyber-cafe. The mode increases large amount of time to learn English.
3.3 Distance Education
Internet brings a new form of distance education for English language learning. It is an education goes through the space; teachers and students don't need to be in the same classroom, the same area, even the same country. Students scattered in various parts not only can listen to the teachers in different places, but also can simultaneously receive texts, images, graphics and sounds. The teachers also can see and hear the reaction of the students through the Internet, then answer their questions in time. Thus, it overcomes the limitation of time and space. Primary and secondary schools, institutions of higher learning, vocational training institutions and government departments all adopt network teaching method step by step, to meet the needs of lifelong education and provide a useful supplement for traditional teaching methods. So, the learning mode is no longer limited to traditional classroom teaching. So far, 37 institutions of higher learning have been approved by the Ministry of Education to have the qualification of online education. For example: Junior College of Beijing University of Foreign Languages. In addition, there are also some international websites of English teaching, such as: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5050711.html,, known as the world's largest online English school.
3.4 Applying individualized teaching
In the past few years, most universities have enlarged their enrollment of undergraduate students, which has given rise to large-size group teaching. In many universities of China, the teachers have 60 or more students to deal with in a large-size classroom, students have fewer opportunities to practice English in the class, even out of class, say nothing of interacting with their teachers on the one-to-one basis. But network-based language teaching has enabled to realize individualized teaching. It provides students with one-to-one learning situation. Students especially those with lower English levels can own the time they need to think of their ideas, ask questions and give answers through Internet in private, and without the fear of ridicule from other students. What’s more, the immediate fee dback from teachers is also available.
3.5 Sharing of resources
There are two prominent characteristics of the network: resources sharing and information exchanging. Users can visit the pages whenever they want. The resources are extremely rich there, students can gain a large number of learning resources from the Internet, which is very conducive to learning. For example, some websites provide a great deal of reading materials, and after each article, a variety of learning activities are designed, including the completion of the blank filling, reading comprehension, etc. In addition, students in non-English speaking countries do not know much about the customs and the life in Britain, United States and other countries, but Internet opens the broad channels for everyone. Students can get a large number of relevant information through the Internet, as well as arouse students’interests in English learning. For example, the origins and other information of Christmas and Thanksgiving Day, not only expand the students' knowledge, but also improve the understanding of culture and
reading capacity.
3.6 Improving comprehensive language skills
3.6.1 Internet enriches English listening materials
There are many online authentic English listening materials, such as VOA, BBC, etc. Moreover, a great deal free sound English textbook can be provided in many English learning website. When using High Definition record and computer multimedia players, English listening materials sound more clearly than traditional tape recorders. Some of them are composed voice, images, text, all in one, those real scenes can arouse the learning interests, help to understand the language environment and develop the students’thinking ability. Many media players have function to move forward and backward again and again, if a sentence or a certain period did not understand, students can quickly and conveniently replay the part to listen again.
3.6.2 Internet develops relatively ability of speaking
Speaking is very important in any language. In our country, traditional English teaching doesn’t provide good environment to improve students’oral English, it is basically dumb English, even in teaching Chinese, our mother tongue. So Chinese students’ oral English is very poor, and it has brought tremendous obstacles to communicate with other people. Today’s modern information technology is highly developed, we can access to a variety of languages, the speaking training environment to improve students’ ability of speaking.
First, enable students to read the spoken materials loudly. Transmitting through a microphone, and then through Internet, tearchers can hear the voice clearly and then help to correct students’ mispronounce. They can also talk with students by the pure authentic English tone and at the same time make full use of evaluation software to record the
students’voices, then mark students’scores according to the voices. Students can also record their voices in order to have a clear understanding of their own speaking levels, trying to improve themselves.
Second, students can communicate with people all over the world through the Internet. In this way, they can gain more experience of speaking English from others, so as to achieve a real language environment to improve the oral language.
3.6.3 Internet develops relatively ability of reading
The widely use of Internet enables students to choose a large number of interesting reading materials. Generally speaking, it has three advantages to select reading materials from Internet, just as follows:
First, timeliness, materials on the Internet are updated in a quick speed, especially the best materials of today’s social hot spots, entertainment hot spots, knowledge hot line.
Second, there are many interesting materials on the Internet. Or else it will deal a blow to the enthusiasm of the students. Therefore, interesting reading materials are the key to attract students.
3.6.4 Network Environment training the ability of writing
Multimedia and Internet provide a very large platform to allow everyone to write in English. Teachers can use the BBS and other tools to enable students to improve their writing ability to express in English. Students can search the Internet with their own themes and writing materials. When they finish writing, they can send their homework to teachers by e-mail. On the contrary, teachers can correct their homework and send the feedback.
Ⅳ. Problems of current Internet-based English teaching mode
Although Internet has many advantages for English teaching, it still attracts both teachers and students to use for some reasons in most universities. The factors hindering from the popularizing of Internet in English classrooms can be classified in the following aspect.
4.1 Lack of financial support
Lack of finance is the most frequent factors hindering from the Internet-based English teaching. During the last few years, the computer network construction of the universities in our country developed by leaps and bounds, various universities invested the massive funds to complete the campus net and multimedia classroom. In our country, English is a compulsory course. Generally speaking, thousands of students have their English lessons at the same time. So the number of multimedia requirements is very large. Although Internet is very useful and convenient, the cost is so high. The multimedia
classrooms are equipped with Personal Computer, network, high project, stereo and standard desk. More money should be invented in software, maintenance, textbook, hardware and software upgrading. It is a chief difficulty to popularize the Internet-based classroom, even in some western countries, let alone the developing countries.
At the same time, other courses, such as Computer Science, information engineering, machine building and design, also need multimedia classrooms urgently. But the Internet-based English teaching mode is only existed in name, just an empty shell.
After annlyzing the above current statement, we know that the shortage of finance will be a long-term problem. I think there are two ways to work it out.
First, cost reduction. Although many universities build multimedia classrooms by centralized purchasing, but most of them are not long ranges planning. Our Education Department should carry out a series of standard multimedia classroom, including hardware, software, appointing some products to equip a multimedia classroom. The price of those products must be transparent and those products can be upgraded easily. In this way, a great amount of money can be saved.
Second, tap the latent potential of multimedia classroom. Nowdays, many regular examinations are in Computer-Based, such as TOEFL, GRE, IELTS, GMAT, LSAT, by undertaking those examinations, the classrooms can get the profit by opening the training courses.
4.2 Raising the technical level and theoretical knowledge
Internet is affecting and changing people’s study methods and the working by unprecedented speed. Although most of the English teachers are familiar with computers and Internet, yet few of them have been trained in their English teaching skills. The Internet-based classrooms need such teachers who are not only full of skills in English teaching but also capable of handling PC and Internet. English is the basis of college teaching, there are many students, but less teachers. Typically, one teacher is responsible for more than 100 students’ study. Teachers have so heavy teaching duties that they don’t have time to have regular study and improve the network. In addition, many of them are old teachers, it is a big challenge for them to learn how to use Internet as it will require substantial time and effort. Therefore, reducing teachers’ teaching time and strengthening their training of network skills so that they have more time and effort on the preparation and organization of teaching work.
To say further, during the Internet-based English teaching, teachers have to help some students to correct their wrong operations. Usually, they can not achieve the expected result because some incorrect operations will interrupt the process of English lessons. So teachers should be trained to master the lastest computer technology. If they
do not catch up with the trend, they will face more difficulties in English teaching.
The Internet-based multimedia teaching has developed for about two-decades, but the theoretical system and knowledge is only at a low level relative to the traditional English teaching. Although there is a great deal of English resources on the Internet, many questions have remained unanswered up to the present. So, English teachers need technology cooperation and experience communion. The network assisted English teaching, one important factor is the communion of the teaching experience and technology cooperation among teachers, including the teaching direction. It is urgent to promote network teaching and improve the quality of teaching, and also the key to College English Teaching reform.
4.3 Lack of teaching materials and courseware content
In current English teaching system, the important thing to achieve the Internet-based English teaching is the teaching materials that we use. It is also essential. The subjects chosen for English study need to have the optimal conditions of learning, adequate time and opportunity to acquire the target language in abundant and high motivation for many years before the study begins. There is no list of Internet materials in our English syllabus，so English teachers must select the title for the lessons themselves.
Ⅴ. Implications
Through the above discussion, we can see that Internet technology has played an important role on English teaching and learning, but we should also pay attention to the problems of Internet-based English teaching.
5.1 The effectiveness of the Internet
In the 21century, the information community brings more effective ways in our work and life. Sometimes people may think that the computer and Internet can take the place of human beings in English teaching. As the case stands, students can learn how to use specific search engine to get informations, materials and resources from Internet, but it must be under teachers’ directions.
5.2 Interaction between teachers and students
Although Internet-based teaching has a lot of advantages, teachers also play important role on English teaching. Therefore, the modern time calls for English teachers to change their own knowledge structure, cognitive level and the teaching mode. They need to constantly study new knowledge and computer technology, establish a new teaching philosophy, accept the challenge of the times, and actively guide students in learning. Otherwise, they need to create a better environment for the students to learn. The ultimate aim of learning a foreign language is to gain information and output
《语言学概论》课程论文
《语言学概论》课程论文 《语言学概论》是中央电大开设的汉语言文学专业（专科起点本科）的一门必修的基础课程。本课程讲授语言的性质、结构规律、演变规律以及语言与文字的关系等方面的问题。学生通过本课程的学习，能比较系统地掌握语言学的基本概念、基本理论和基础知识，为提高语言理论水平、进一步学习和深入研究其他语言课程奠定必要的语言理论基础。本课程使用的主教材为叶蜚声、徐通锵编写的《语言学纲要》，由北京大学出版社出版。 本课程以人类语言为研究对象，涉及多种语言现象和语言事实，要学好的确是有一定难度的，这里给大家谈谈如何学习《语言学概论》课程问题，供大家参考。 一、学习《语言学概论》这门课的意义 第一，语言学的重要性主要是由其研究对象的重要性所决定的。 语言，说它平常它是真平常，说它不平常它是真不平常。说它平常，是因为我们每个人每天都要接触语言，使用语言，语言之于我们，就像水和空气，平常而又平常。说它不平常，是因为关于语言，我们还有许多弄不明白的地方，语言的起源，语言的发生，语言的习得，语言的运用，语言与心理，语言与社会，还有许多许多亟待我们探索回答的问题。 其实，语言与我们的生活具有非常密切的关系，这里的生活不仅仅是日常生活，还包括文化生活、政治生活等等。比如汉语方言分歧，大的方言都有七种，各方言差别很大，因此我国一直在推广现代汉民族共同语普通话，而普通话的规范如何制定，如何推广，如何制定相关的语言政策等等，这些都需要对语言进行充分的研究，需要语言学的知识。 第二，学习语言学概论也同我们所选择的专业的特点有关。 我们虽然在专科阶段学习了现代汉语、古代汉语等课程，那只是围绕某一种语言的特点进行分析的，理论上还没有达到一个高度。就像我们学习了古典文学、现代文学、外国文学，如果我们不学习系统的文艺理论，我们就感觉这些课程犹如散沙似的，分析作品、任务很难深入，而文艺理论则为我们学习具体的文学提供了较高、较系统的理论支持。语言学概论也是如此，它将使我们的语言理论知识系统化，使我们的语言理论水平达到一个新的高度。
外出旅游常用英语
假设你选择的是国外航空公司，同时该公司没有中文服务人员。这时候该怎么办呢？快点储备一些出国旅游实用句型吧~ 1. 托运行李 - 递给对方护照和机票，对方可能会问： How many luggages are you checking in? （有多少件托运行李？） Do you have a carry on? （有手提行李没？） Can you place your baggage up here? （请把行李放上来(传送带/小盒子)） - 出票前可能会问： Do you prefer window or aisle? （想靠窗还是靠走廊）如果对方不问你，但 是你想找个靠窗座位，可以说 Can I have a seat closest to the window? - 最后，对方给你登机牌，会告诉你登机门号和时间： Here are your tickets. The gate number is on the bottom of the ticket. They will start boarding 20 minutes before the departure time. You should report to gate C2 by then. C2 is around the corner and down the hall. Thank you." * 如果你行李超重，对方会说 your luggage is overweight. 以上问题回答都 是yes, no的就不写了 2. 飞行过程中的英语 - 其实没什么好说的，无非是让你选餐时，你选chicken还是beef此类的.....你就说 Chicken please 一切OK. 如果想要东西时，句型很简单，就是 Excuse me, Could I have a cup of orange juice, please 这种. * 如果冷想多要一个毯子可以说 Could I get another blanket, please, I'm a little cold. * 如果要在飞机上填入境表，没有笔可以说： Could you lend me a pen to fill out this immigration form? * 如果要找个人换座，可以说：Would it be possible to change seats with someone? * 如果有人坐在你椅子上了，可以说： I'm sorry, I think you are in my seat. * 机场广播一般.....不用听懂.....空乘可能会提醒你的就是： Please fasten your seat belt （请系紧安全带）这类。 3. 在境外转机 转机时，先看机票上的航班号，然后从机场的航班指示屏幕上找到该航班在那个GATE登机，最后顺着机场标示走到这个GATE就好，不需要说话。但特殊情况可能是，你到了后，发现屏幕上有你要转的航班号，但是后面的GATE是空的，这 时候你可以向机场工作人员确认下 hello, could you tell me which gate is for the flight XXX（航班号） please，一般他们都会回答这个飞机delay了，或者在maintain , 需要再等待一下。
旅游英语论文
浅谈旅游英语的翻译方法 摘要 随着中国旅游业的迅速发展和日益开放，越来越多的外国游客来到中国旅游观光。虽然这些外国游客并不是全部来自英语国家，但是作为当今世界通用语，旅游英语成为估计旅游活动中一个最重要的交流工具和媒介。因此，旅游英语这个特殊的英语文体开始在中国旅游行业中流行，并成为旅游业发展中必不可少的因素之一。但是由于中西文化的差异，不同的思维模式和视角会造成不可避免的文化碰撞，给旅游活动的开展带来不少的困难，而这些问题也在我们的旅游英语翻译中体现出来。本文通过目前旅游英语的翻译现状及旅游英语翻译的问题所产生的问题，分析了旅游英语的特点，并对这些问题提出了相关对策。 【关键词】旅游英语文化差异翻译特征 Abstract: Along with the speedy development of China’s tourism and opening to the outside world ,more and more foreign tourists travel to China .Although they are not all form English–speaking countries ,as an international language ,English has become the mo st important communication instrument and medium .Therefore .touris m English ,a special stvle.becomes popular and important in China’s tourism. But,due to the cultural difference between China and weste rn countries , it not only makes inevitable cultural collision betw een different thinking models and views, but also brings a lot of difficulty to the expansion of tourism ,and these problems have ari sen in the translation English .The paper analyzes the features of tourism English by surveying the current situation English and its problems in translation,and brings forward corresponding suggestio n to these problems. Key words: tourism English; cultural difference; translation,
关于飞机的英语论文
The Giant Bird At present, aircraft has become one of the most popular vehicles and weapons. There are many kinds of aircraft in the world, such as unpowered aircraft, jet aircraft, propeller aircraft, unmanned aircraft, solar-powered aircraft, ramjet aircraft and so on. (1)A fixed-wing aircraft is made up with fuselage, wing, vertical stabilizer, horizontal stabilizer, engines and landing gear. (2) The legend of flight dates back to the days of pre-history, and many stories can prove it.(3) Our ancestors are so intelligent that making the dream of flight came true, which is according to the shape of birds. The Wright brothers are very famous among the inventors, and they made their first flight trial on December 17, 1903. (4) This successful flight is admitted by the FAI (Federation Aeronautique Internationale), and its status is irreplaceable. (5) By 1905, their flight was able to fully controllable and stable. (6) The First World War offered a platform for the use of aircraft as a weapon, and aircraft technology continued to develop following the war. (7)In the 1940s, military jet aircraft went into action. In the Second World War, military aircraft play an important role in the major battles, such as Pearl Harbor and the battle of Britain.(8) Then the first commercial jet was produced in 1952, now aircraft is widely used for transport and national defense.(9)From 1970 to 2005, the Boeing 747 was a widely used passenger aircraft, and now the world’s biggest commercial aircraft is the Airbus A380, which has double-deck, wide-body and four-engine.(10)Now China has many kinds of Airbus, too.
英语语言学论文题目
英语语言学论文题目 13论国际商务谈判中的语言交际技巧 33成人世界的童话——从文体学角度解析现今童话再度流行的现象49论文化差异与英汉商标互译 55浅谈英汉句子结构差异 59诗意的美和喜剧性幽默 62试论广告英语的语言特点 65统觉团对英语初学者词汇学习的影响 67外语学习中应该重视中介语的作用 69新闻报道中的转述动词研究 73英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究 74英汉数字习语的对比研究 76英译汉中词序的变动 78英语广告的语言特征 80英语双关语汉译的可译性限度 101词义演变的原因与方式 137从汉语中英语借词的翻译看文化交流 138从价值观转换看斯佳丽的角色特征 142从礼貌准则看中英文化的异同 146从习语看英汉民族的文化差异 149从英语人名中看性别歧视
157动词过程类型的选择和话语隐性态度的表达161对母语在英语写作中词汇负迁移现象的思考162对严复译作中“信”的质疑 167法律英语用词特征分析 168法律语言翻译与法律文体 177副词EVER的句法环境和语义特征 180功能语法视角下的英语报纸新闻标题的功能183广告口号语的语言特点 189国际商务文化之对比研究 204汉语中双关语的翻译 213基于概念隐喻的诗歌解读 228论广告英语中的幽默 265论广告英语的语言特点 268论汉英谚语的语言特征 280论清教理念与美国西进运动 282论莎士比亚十四行诗中的时间 300论英语广告中几种常用修辞格及其汉译310论尤金?奥尼尔的表现主义手法 324名词化的语篇功能 330诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响 339浅谈英语虚拟语气的语用功能
340浅谈英语虚拟语气及其语用功能 345浅析二十世纪计算机英语词汇的构成特点346浅析汉英动物谚语中的文化 348浅析英汉语言中的性别歧视现象及其根源349浅析英语禁忌语及其发展 352浅析英语无标志被动句 356浅议译者能力 359认知语言学角度下“within” 的空间隐喻意义365商标英语汉译的原则和方法 384体育新闻英语文体研究 375社会语言学视野中的网络语言 418新闻英语中的语法特点研究 423颜色词在英汉互译中的不对应性 425移就的审美价值和生成基础 426以认知为基础的颜色隐喻研究 428隐喻认知功能研究的新视角 429隐喻与一词多义的关系 438英汉被动句对比研究 439英汉宾语类型差异的认知原因 440英汉动词非谓语用法之比较研究 442英汉否定问句的答句对比研究
旅行常用英语
关于乘机旅行的词汇 来源：日期：2006年01月04日02:02:31阅读13555 次作者: boarding check 登机牌 plane ticket 飞机票 flight, flying 飞行 bumpy flight 不平稳的飞行 smooth flight 平稳的飞行 ramp 扶梯 altitude, height 高度 extra flight 加班 non-stop flight 连续飞行 circling 盘旋 forced landing 迫降 speed, velocity 速度 ceiling 上升限度 cruising speed 巡航速度 top speed 最高速度 first class 头等舱
night service 夜航 airsick 晕机 to taxi along 滑行 landing 着陆 to face the wind 迎风 air route,air line 航线 climbing,to gain height 爬升 economy class,tourist class 经济舱 connecting flight 衔接航班 direct flight, straight flight 直飞 to rock, to toss, to bump 颠簸 to lose height, to fly low 降低 to take off, take-off 起飞 to board a plane,get into a plane 上飞机 to get off a plane,alight from a plane 下飞机 旅行常用词汇之机票篇 来源：日期：2006年01月04日02:02:08阅读6725 次作者: 飞机票(指限定条件) endoresement/restrictions
旅游英语学期论文
旅游英语课程 学期论文 论文题目：（中文）基于功能对等理论：新疆美食翻译的形象转换 （英文）Based on the Functional Equivalence Theory: The Conversion of Images in Translation of Xinjiang Cuisine 学生姓名冶延菊 学生学号201107050201411 学生班级2011-2班 学科专业英语 学年学期 2014-2015学年第一学期 指导老师李亮 所在学院语言文化学院 2014年12月12日
摘要 近年，中国经济飞速发展，作为祖国的“边陲明珠”的新疆也不甘落后，呈现出一派繁华。随着国际经济交流的日趋加强，新疆旅游受到越来越多外国友人的青睐，尤其是新疆美食所蕴含的深厚民族文化，更是吸引着无数国际友人。本文旨在通过奈达尤金的功能对等理论来解读新疆美食翻译中的形象转换。通过典例分析，让国外游客对新疆美食及文化有更多了解。 关键词：新疆美食；形象转换；功能对等
Abstract In recent years,China’s economy has developed rapidly,and Xinjiang, “the Pearl of the Frontier”, also keeps pace with this rapid economic growth. With the more frequent international economic communication, Xinjiang tourism is highly appreciated by more foreigners, especially Xinjiang cuisine which contains rich folk culture. This paper is intended to analyze the conversion of images in translation of Xinjiang cuisine by Eugene Nida’s functional equivalence theory. Foreign tourists will learn more about Xinjiang cuisine and culture by means of the analysis of typical example. Key words: Xinjiang cuisine; conversion of image; functional equivalence theory
大学生英语自主学习论文(共3篇)
大学生英语自主学习论文(共3篇) 第一篇：英语阅读网络自主学习 一、调查结果及分析 （一）大学生网络应用情况调查结果显示，98%的学生网龄都在一年 以上。76%的学生上网频繁，100%的大学生都上网。并且大学生的网上 活动具有多样化的特点。其中85%的学生上网是为了休闲放松（包括社交、购物、游戏），其余15%的学生实行学习方面的活动。不过只有15.15%的学生通过网络实行英语阅读的学习。综合来讲，虽然大学生 对网络的利用率较高，但利用其实行学习的积极性却不高，究其原因 可能有以下几点：一方面，大学生普遍对英语阅读学习不感兴趣，可 能是自身基础方面的原因，在不需要为了高考而学习的情况下，逐渐 降低了对提升自身英语水平的要求，所以学习积极性不高。另一方面，网络中娱乐休闲方面资源丰富。网络本身所具有的强大的娱乐休闲功能，致使学生们在无人监督的情况下，趋向于休闲娱乐，而不是实行 学习方面的活动。 （二）大学生英语阅读网络自主学习情况为了解大学生英语阅读网络 自主学习的基本情况，我们对大学生英语阅读的兴趣、动机、频率、 水平等方面实行调查。调查结果显示绝大多数学生一直实行对英语阅 读的学习且依赖于纸质阅读。这个现象说明多数学生还是希望为提升 自己的英语阅读水平而努力，对英语阅读的学习有主动的意识。在对 学生学习动机的调查中，我们发现58.25%的学生依然是以应付考试为 目的实行英语阅读的学习，只有少数学生是出于兴趣以及为了满足自 己的求知欲而实行的学习。这个现象在一定水准上说明：当前大学生 普遍对英语阅读网络自主学习缺乏兴趣，在平时的社会生活中意识不 到英语这个语言的重要性，所以学习英语的能动性不高。另一方面则 说明了大学生们的自主学习水平较弱，自主学习意识薄弱。另外，38% 的学生表示自己的英语阅读水平与高中相比并未提升，另有超过一半 的学生表示自己的英语阅读水平一般。造成这个现象的原因可能有以
【完整版】关于旅游管理旅游英语学生毕业论文(设计)要求
关于旅游系2011届旅游管理旅游英语专业 学生毕业论文（设计）要求 ----------------指导老师武相龙老师一、论文写作的一般要求与过程： （一）论文写作的总体原则 1.立论客观，具有实践性；文章的基本观点必须来自具体材料的分析和研究之中，所提出的问题在本专业领域内有一定的理论意义或者实际意义，并通过独立研究，提出自己一定的认知和看法。针对各位同学目前的现有知识水平，那么在你们的毕业设计中，有一些独到的视角和看法就很不错了。但是我希望在各位同学的论文中突出实践性，并要求作者对于具体问题有自己独立的思考，可以根据自己所学到的知识和研究方法来提出自己能指导实践的看法。 2.论据翔实，富有论证性；论文必须能够旁征博引，多方佐证。为了证明自己的观点是正确的，就应该寻找足够的证据来证明，同时也可以通过反驳对立方的观点来证明。为了证明论点，就学要搜集足够多的资料，论文中所运用的资料应该做到言必有据，准确可靠，精确无误。 3.论证严密，富有逻辑性；作者提出问题，分析问题和解决问题，要符合客观事物的发展规律，全篇论文应该是一个有机的整体。论点一般是一个命题，应当做到命题与推理之间不存在矛盾，要言之成理，互相呼应，最好是天衣无缝。最忌讳在文章中出现前后矛盾的问题。 4.形式明确，标注规范；论文必须以论点为核心构成全文的结构格局，以多方论证的内容组成文章丰满的整体，并且以比较深入的理论分析来交相辉映。所以在格式上要规范得体，在引注的运用上要讲究学术规范，这个问题呆会儿会仔细讲解。 5.语言准确，表达简明；论文最基本的要求是让读者能够看得懂，随意要求文章的写作在语言文字上力求准确，并且要注意深入浅出，言简意赅。千万不要写出“用大家都熟悉的语言说着人们都听不懂的话”来。 （二）论文的格式细则
我的语言学概论期末论文
我的语言学概论期末论文 终于写完了，那个辛苦啊！一次又一次的修改，我体会到努力的快乐，做好一件事是不容易的，昨天刚交了，今天就发在博客上，作为一段记录一个回忆，七月继续加油。 浅谈礼貌原则与英语学习 摘要: “礼貌原则”是语用学中的一个指导成功交际的重要原则,它显示了一个人的受教育程度，教养和素质。不同的语言环境中，同样的语言有可能有礼貌和不礼貌之分别。英语学习者掌握英语语言的礼貌原则是有必要的，这对是否能进行成功的交际起着重要的作用。 关键词: 礼貌原则〈politeness principle〉英语学习〈English study〉 日常交际
发展自主学习能力,让学生快乐学习英语论文
发展自主学习能力，让学生快乐学习 ———一堂英语Project课的教学启示 【摘要】根据人类知识习得的规律，只有知识接受方在学习过程中能有所实践和体验，知识及技能才能被真正习得。同样，在英语教育教学过程中，要分析被教育对象的不同特点，重视学生个性的发展，把英语教学过程转变成学生能参与、实践、体验、交流和展现的舞台，帮助他们创造成就感，才能让他们“快乐”地学习。在这样的教学过程中，教师虽不是舞台的主角，但却发挥着更为重要的作用。他需要及时观察和洞悉学生在学习过程中暴露的问题和困惑，适时地去引导和教育学生，实现教育做人和教学知识的实效性。 【关键词】体验学习；自主学习；研究性学习成果展示 一、引言 可能有同行在探讨教学工作的时候，谈到的最大困惑要数“教育主体学生缺乏对学习英语的兴趣，从而对待学习不够主动”这个问题了。仔细思考之后，发现原因还是出在我们一贯的传统教学方法上。“满堂灌”的教学方式不仅磨灭了学生对教学内容主动接受的兴趣，而且还忽视了对学生个性发展的培养。另外，缺乏主动参与，没有体验和探究的学习过程也不会给学生带来真正意义上的知识习得。正如法国大教育家卢梭提倡的教育应当“归于自然”，我们必须要重视教育对象的成长和发育过程，而且还必须要注重他们习得知识的自然过程。所以，只有将一些教学内容设计成为体验性的学习活动，鼓励全体学生在整个教学活动中去体验、实践、参与、合作与交流，才能帮助他们获得语言的习得，实现语言
综合运用能力的提高。学习过程中和谐的人际交往，学生自己的主动探究性学习以及学习成果展示时得到的老师的肯定和评价，都会有助于学生自觉形成自主学习的能力，并且真正做到快乐学习。 那么，如何将教学内容设计成为一个体验性的学习活动？如何激发学生的兴趣，做到真正乐于学习？我们又将如何帮助学生将良好的乐学状态保持和延续下去呢？下面就以具体一堂课的设计准备、课堂实录、课后拓展等实践工作为依据，谈谈如何在日常教学过程中培养学生自主学习能力，发展学生不同个性，从而让学生快乐学习。 二、一堂实践课 1）、设计准备 教学内容：高一第一模块Unit 4 Earthquake 第三课时的Project 教学目标： 1、教育学生了解地震前、中、后的相关常识及生命安全教育 2、指导学生学会用不同手段和工具收集、分析和处理资料 3、鼓励学生学会合作和交流学习 4、训练学生运用英语进行交流 设计思路和依据：新<<英语课程标准>>指出，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型教学途径, 发展学生的综合语言运用能力,使语言学习过程成为学生形成积极的情感态度、主动思维和大胆实践、提高跨文化意识和形成自主学习能力的过程。英语教学的主要任务之一就是为学生的终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。新进入高中的这些学生，语言运用能力较弱，而且几乎不具
“如何学好英语”论文
在英语中体会学习的乐趣 ---浅谈“如何学好英语” 英语似乎是大多数中国学生又爱又恨的学科：它可以成为我们成功路上的敲门砖，也可能成为前进路中的绊脚石。随着我国经济社会的发展，社会对大学生的综合素质，尤其是外语素质和能力提出了新的更高的要求。英语学习的重要性，无论从大学生就业，还是从就业后的自身发展来讲，都是不言而喻的. 因此学好英语成为许多学生，犹其是即将离开校园，走进社会的我们至关重要的一件事情。 我们接触英语的时间并不短，从初中到大学，已有八九年光景了，可是我们周围依然有大量的同学为了通过四、六级而苦恼不堪，似乎英语成为他们心中一道永远的伤疤。其实英语并没有我们想像中那么可怕，只要我们寻找到正确学习英语的方法，你会在英语中体会学习的乐趣。下面我将就自己真切的感受,浅谈几点关于如何学好英语方法和建议。 一、明确学习目的：化被动为主动 明确学习目的很重要，大家首先要知道我们学习英语究竟是为了什么？诚然，通过 四、六级是我们要做的事情，可是考试只是一种手段，用来检验我们的学习效果，学习 是没有终点的，我们不能把通过考试作为学习英语的目的！那么，英语学习的目的又是什么呢？大家都知道，英语其实就是一门语言，它真正的用途和汉语一样，是用来日常的交流以及获取信息、知识的一种工具。我们学习英语真正的目的在于更方便的与外国人交流，查阅，了解国外先进的科学知识。“学以致用”正是体现在这一方面。中国的现代化建设不需要“高分低能”的人！所以，一定要竖立正确学习英语的目的。试想：当你发现英语可以帮助你走进一个崭新的世界，可以让你了解更多新的事物，可以让你的生活更加丰富多彩，你还会觉得它很可怕吗？你还会拒它于千里之外吗？你还会只是为了拿到那张成绩单被迫早起记单词吗？不会，英语将成为你的朋友，学好英语将成为你学习的动力和乐趣所在！ 二、掌握正确的学习方法：多归纳，多总结 有了正确的学习目的，下一步要做的就是寻找适合自己的学习方法了，俗话说的好：活到老，学到老，其实就是告诉我们知识是无穷尽的，因此学习也是永无止境的。可是现代社会是快节奏的，科技进步，经济发展讲求的是效率，如何在短期内掌握对自己最有用的知识，取得最显著的成效显得至关重要。记得读高中时一位老师曾经跟我们说过，大学里面学到的最重要的东西就是获取知识的方法和途径。所以，只有掌握了学习的正确方法，才能更有效地让学的知识发挥作用。 而对于英语学习而言，仅仅靠老师课堂上讲的知识是远远不够的，因此更加需要我们掌握好的学习方法在平时的生活中获取更多有用的知识了。下面我就个人的经历跟大家分享一下我学习英语的一些方法： 1,单词：它是每一个英语学习者必须具备的基本功。其实它并没有我们想像的那么枯燥乏味，试想一下，再复杂的句子，再难的文章也都是由一个个的单词组成的。因此，大家大可不必每天抱着一本厚厚的词汇埋头苦读，那样做不仅浪费时间，而且效率往往也不高，可谓“事倍功半”。我建议大家不妨多读读课本上一些学过的文章，边读边想着每句话是什么意思，并有意识地记忆一些比较重要的，生疏的单词，这样把单词放到一个具体的语境中去记忆，不仅可以较容易地记住单词的意思，同时也知道了它具体的用法，对于分清句子的结构，理解句子的意思也有很大的帮助，达到了“事半功倍”的效果，而且也没有单纯记忆单词那么单调乏味了。
旅游英语专业毕业论文
旅游英语专业毕业论文 论文作者：英语论文论文属性：论文指导登出时间：2010-03-12编辑：charlie点击率：3078 论文字数：4000论文编号：org249语种：英语论文English地区：中国价格：免费论文 收藏： 关键词：旅游英语专业毕业论文 旅游英语专业毕业论文 旅游英语毕业论文 旅游英语毕业论文 旅游英语毕业论文 旅游英语毕业论文 如何写旅游英语专业毕业论文 一、标题 标题是文章的眉目。各类文章的标题，样式繁多，但无论是何种形式，总要以全部或不同的侧面体现作者的写作意图、文章的主旨。毕业论文的标题一般分为总标题、副标题、分标题几种。 (一)总标题 总标题是文章总体内容的体现。常见的写法有： ①揭示课题的实质。这种形式的标题，高度概括全文内容，往往就是文章的中心论点。它具有高度的明确性，便于读者把握全文内容的核心。诸如此类的标题很多，也很普遍。如《关于经济体制的模式问题》、《经济中心论》、《县级行政机构改革之我见》等。 ②提问式。这类标题用设问句的方式，隐去要回答的内容，实际上作者的观点是十分明确的，只不过语意婉转，需要读者加以思考罢了。这种形式的标题因其观点含蓄，容易激起读者的注意。如《家庭联产承包制就是单干吗?》、《商品经济等同于资本主义经济吗?》等。 ②交代内容范围。这种形式的标题，从其本身的角度看，看不出作者所指的观点，只是对文章内容的范围做出限定。拟定这种标题，一方面是文章的主要论点难以用一句简短的话加以归纳；另一方面，交代文章内容的范围，可引起同仁读者的注意，以求引起共鸣。这种形式的标题也较普遍。如《试论我国农村的双层经营体制》、《正确处理中央和地方、条条与块块的关系》、《战后西方贸易自由化剖析》等。 ④用判断句式。这种形式的标题给予全文内容的限定，可伸可缩，具有很大的灵活性。文章研究对象是具体的，面较小，但引申的思想又须有很强的概括性，面较宽。这种从小处着眼，大处着手的标题，有利于科学思维和科学研究的拓展。如《从乡镇企业的兴起看中国农村的希望之光》、《科技进步与农业经济》、《从“劳动创造了美”看美的本质》等。 ⑤用形象化的语句。如《激励人心的管理体制》、《科技史上的曙光》、《普照之光的理论》等。标题的样式还有多种，作者可以在实践中大胆创新。 (二)副标题和分标题 为了点明论文的研究对象、研究内容、研究目的，对总标题加以补充、解说，有的论文还可以加副标题。特别是一些商榷性的论文，一般都有一个副标题，如在总标题下方，添上“与××商榷”之类的副标题。 另外，为了强调论文所研究的某个侧重面，也可以加副标题。如《如何看待现阶段劳动报酬的差别——也谈按劳分配中的资产阶级权利》、《开发蛋白质资源，提高蛋白质利用效率——探讨解决吃饭问题的一种发展战略》等。 设置分标题的主要目的是为了清晰地显示文章的层次。有的用文字，一般都把本层次的中心内容昭然其上；也有的用数码，仅标明“一、二、三”等的顺序，起承上启下的作用。需要注意的是：无论采用哪种形式，都要紧扣所属层次的内容，以及上文与下文的联系紧密性。
语言学概论论文
浅折现代流行语及其让会文化心理 提要流行语指的是某个时期在某些人中广泛流行的语言形式，它既是一种语言现象， 又是一种社会文化心理现象。在一定程度上可以说，它是时代的一面镜子，集中地折射出 一定历史时期的社会变迁、文化生活和大众心理。本文从流行语产生的背景以及与新词语 的关系入手，简要地分析了流行语的来源和类型，并在此基础上进一步阐述了流行语所凸 现的社会文化心理，试图揭示出流行语这一特殊语言现象与社会文化心理之间的紧密联 系。 关键词:现代流行语；语言现象；文化心理因素。 流行语指的是某个时期在某些人中广泛流行的语言形式。在某种意义上，现代流行语 的主体就是新词语。但是流行语并不完全等同于新词语，它与新词语是两个不同的概念， 它们产生的原因也不完全一样。只有由于各种因素流行开来的新词语才能被称为流行语； 流行语也不完全是由新词语构成的，有一部分流行语是一直沿用下来的，如“小白脸”、“拉皮条”等，上世纪二三十年代就已经开始使用了。新词语产生的主要原因是日新月异 的社会生活的需要，新词语是新事物、新概念、新观念的折射反映。而流行语的流行除了 客观的社会文化条件以外，部分流行语的产生也跟群众的主观心理因素有关，有些流行语 的产生并非完全由于客观的需要，更多的是人们的心理表现，甚至纯粹是一种文字游戏。 一、流行语的来源 流行语的来源众多，包括网络用语、影视用语、方言词语、专门术语等等。 (一)网络用语 随着互联网时代的到来，网络已经渗透到人们的日常生活中了，在网络这个虚拟世界 里所使用的语言与日常生活的交际活动有密切联系，又有明显区别。广义的网络语言大体 可分为三类：一是与网络有关的专业术语，如“鼠标”、“硬件”等；二是与网络有关的 特别用语，如“黑客”、“第四媒体”、“信息高速公路”等；三是网民在聊天室和 BBS常用的词语和符号。狭义的网络语言仅指第三类，它又可以分为五类：(1)字母类，如“GG——哥哥”、“JJ——姐姐”、“IC—— (ISEE)知道了”等等。(2)单字类，如：“当——(DOWN)”、“表——‘不要’的合音(比如‘表太好’是‘不要太好’的意思)” 等等。(3)词汇类，如：“酱紫——‘这样子’的合音”、“东东——东西”等等。(4)数 字类，如：“886——拜拜了”、“5454——我是我是”、“82475——被爱就是幸福” 等等(5)符号类，如：“一)——微笑”、“P——吐舌头”等等。 这些网络语言主要通过谐音、替代、拟形等手段来表情达意，不仅简单便捷，而且幽 默诙谐、符合网络快捷化的要求，也弥补了网络无表情性的缺陷，所以在网络世界备受青睐，为网民广泛使用，有的词语，比如“886”、“恐龙”、“BF”、“酱紫”、“菜鸟” 等等，甚至进入了人们的日常交际的口语中。 (二)影视用语 随着电影电视走进千家万户，人们的生活在很大程度上受到这一媒介传播方式的影响，这种影响所及，当然也包括人们的语言。影视作品中的某些经典语言，成为人们争相模仿 的对象，成为一种时尚的流行语言。中国的第一部青春偶像剧《将爱情进行到底》便引起 了一种新的表达方式的出现，套用这部电视剧的名字，产生了“将独身进行到底”、“将 考研进行到底”、“将胜利进行到底”等一系列说法。又如，近几年来中国走红的贺岁片 导演冯小刚的作品，几乎年年都会成为人们谈论的话题，作品的名字比如《没完没了》、 《不见不散》等都成了时尚的流行语。还有一种比较特别的影视语言，就是广告语。越来 越多的广告语转变为能反映出一些社会进步的潮流和流行趋势，人们口口相传的经典流行语。例如奥柯玛冰柜的广告语“没有最好，只有更好”，诺基亚的广告语“科技以人为本”等。 (三)方言词语 近年来，许多颇具特色的方言词语因其独有的表现力而逐渐流传开来，成为了现代流 行语的一个重要的来源。比如四川方言中的“雄起”、“假打”，东北方言中的“忽悠”，
旅游常用英语完整版
旅游常用英语 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
2楼. 机场英语（托运行李、飞机上、转机、入海关、返回时过安检） 3楼. 交通工具 4楼. 酒店英语（入住、退房） 5楼. 用餐（快餐、正式餐馆） 6楼. 购物 7楼. 其他 (银行兑换旅行支票，问路等) 机场英语 假设你选择的是国外航空公司，同时该公司没有中文服务人员。如果选择的是国航等，那就不用考虑托运行李，飞机上的英语了。 1.托运行李 2.飞行过程中的英语 3. 在境外转机 4. 抵达目的地，入关 5. 从目的地返回时过安检 1. 托运行李 - 递给对方护照和机票，对方可能会问： How many luggages are you checking in （有多少件托运行李） Do you have a carry on （有手提行李没） Can you place your baggage up here （请把行李放上来(传送带/小盒子)） - 出票前可能会问： Do you prefer window or aisle （想靠窗还是靠走廊）如果对方不问你，但是你想找个靠窗座位，可以说 Can I have a seat closest to the window - 最后，对方给你登机牌，会告诉你登机门号和时间： Here are your tickets. The gate number is on the bottom of the ticket. They will start boarding 20 minutes before the departure time. You should report to gate C2 by then. C2 is around the corner and down the hall. Thank you." * 如果你行李超重，对方会说 your luggage is overweight. 以上问题回答都是yes, no的就不写了。2.飞行过程中的英语
关于英语学习的论文
关于英语学习的论文 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
关于英语学习的论文 如今，英语作为世界上运用最广泛的一种语言，对于我们来说十分重要。现在的学习中，英语这一门学科也占了很大的地位，那我们应该怎样学好英语呢？我们就从英语的预习，学习、复习与兴趣这四个方面来谈一谈我们的看法。 英语的预习 所谓课前预习，就是老师在讲授新课之前，学生预先自主学习。课前预习在学生的学习过程中起着承上启下的作用。它不仅可以使学生了解到将要学习的新内容，为学习新知识做好准备，而且可以回顾与新内容相关的已学过的旧知识。所以说预习对提高学习效率和成绩、培养自学能力都有十分重要的意义。 一、培养学生课前预习的习惯 首先，教师应明确要求学生认真完成教师布置的预习作业。然后，教师在课前了解其预习的情况；在课上针对其预习结果，给予指导；并让预习结果比较好的学生谈心得，谈体会，从而激发其他学生课前预习的积极性和主动性。经过一段时间以后，学生就会体会到预习的好处,并主动去预习课文，养成良好的预习习惯。 二、指导学生掌握课前预习的方法 （一）单词预习 1.要求学生看着音标，先划出单词对应音标里的元音音素，接着在单词音标里标明音节点，然后尝试着根据音节拼读单词。 2.听录音核对一下，看看自己的发音是否正确，如有不对的地方马上纠正。 3.了解该单词的词性和词义。词性如名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。 4.找出这个单词的所有派生词，扩展词汇量，可适当的做一些造句练习。 对难理解或不会用的单词和词组，不必过分“纠缠”，可在课堂上认真听老师讲解。解决了单词这一关，学生学习英语就容易多了，而且学习的积极性也越来越高。 （二）朗读预习 语音语调的预习可通过跟读课文录音来进行。学生第一遍可以静听录音，熟悉整体语音语调。第二遍分段听录音跟读模仿，并有意识地用铅笔在轻重读、连读、升降调等地方作标记。第三遍是不听磁带，自己读，大致了解课文的内容。时间允许的话还可合上书本听录音跟读。这样通过反复听、跟读，对于培养学生正确的语音、语调和语感，正确的模仿能力和表达能力，都起到了非常重要的作用。 （三）语法预习 语法一直是困扰初中学生的一大难题。很多学生是语法规则背得滚瓜烂熟，而真正运用时却不知所措。因此，在预习语法知识的时候，应让学生先找出本单元的例句，尤其是注意GrammarFocus 中的句子。然后自己动脑去找、得结论，达到活用语法的效果。 1.在预习课文时，要求学生在预习单词的基础上通读课文，其目的是为了了解课文大意，为深层理解做准备。 2.通读课文后，再细读课文。有些知识点是可以运用已学知识或借助辞典、书等工具书加以解决的。不能明白的问题作好记号，留到课堂上解决。 3.利用课后的问题进一步预习课文，以掌握课文的细节，如，人物、时间、地点、事情等。这样，一方面可以帮助提高听课效率，另一方面也可以培养自己的阅读理解能力。 4.在预习课文时还可以听听课文录音并朗读，以加深对课文的印象，培养自己的英语语感。依照以上预习方法，学生可以初步了解所要学习的基本内容，记录预习中的疑难问题，产生强烈的求知欲。这种强烈的求知欲会使学生在课堂上变被动为主动，极大地提高了课堂学习效率。 英语的学习 英语课堂上的学习是至关重要的。课堂上重要的三点就分为听，写和说。 一、听