历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析(一)

历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

阅读是四级英语中重要的得分点和难点，对长难句的分析则决定了对阅读的彻底理解，也是学习语法，积累高级词汇、句型不可或缺的来源。而四级英语真题阅读部分均选自Times、Telegraph等著名外文报纸及杂志，其行文和词汇原汁原味，值得考生细细品味和灵活借鉴。准备2015年6月英语四级的同学们，还等什么?赶快学起来吧!

历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析（1）

1. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】除了早期漂洋过海的旅行者或靠海谋生的人之外，对大多数人来说，大海是遥远的，没有必要提出太多问题，更别说思考大海海底的东西了。

【析句】复合句，本句主干为the sea was remote and there was little reason to...，and连接两个并列句子，两个句子之间又有with the exception of...作伴随状语，伴随状语中又包含who earned a living from the sea定语从句修饰others。最后是习惯let alone...,注意let alone后的动词形式与前面主句动词形式相同。

2. The first time that question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】当有人建议铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报光缆的时候，出于商业动机，人们才不得不首次回答这个问题“海底有什么东西”。

【析句】本句话的难点在于主从句成分的区分。主句为The first time was when the laying...was proposed, when引导表语从句，而that question had to be answered with...则是定语从句修饰the first time。

3. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】在早期的尝试中，光缆铺设失败，不得不取出来维修。这时人们发现上面覆盖有生物，这推翻了当时科学界认为深海没有生命的理论。

【析句】句子主干为the cable failed and it was found to be covered in living growths, and 连接两个并列句子，中间插入了when it was taken out for repairs为时间状语从句.it was found to be covered in...中，it指代the cable, found为find的过去分词相当于形容词，后面接不定式。之后a fact作同位语，which defied contemporary secientific opinion为定语从句修饰a fact, 最后that there was no life...是opinion的同位语从句。

历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析（2）

1. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. (1991. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】这或许是对学生写作能力的尖锐批评，但也反映了教师的悲哀—他根本没读过这篇文章，而文章里包含了学生内心感受的优美表达。

【析句】多重复合句，句子主干为It may have been a sharp criticism..., but it was a sad refection of the teacher, but连接两个成转折关系的句子，其中，后句又包含两个从句：who had omitted to read the essay作定语从句修饰the teacher,而which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的句子。

2. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on he child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement. (1991. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】教师关注错误不可厚非，但如果他更重视学生的想法的话，那么他表现出的失望本可以激发出学生更大的动力去改进。

【析句】本句的主干与例句一相似，都是由but连接两个句子，后句中，if his priorities had centered on...为条件状语从句，主句an expression of his disappointment would have given...。注意后句的时态搭配，主句would have given为虚拟式，从句用had centered on过去完成时。

3. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental

历年英语四级真题及答案详解

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案真题： Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: F or this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Free admission to museums Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the

sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunde rstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析 考研英语试卷中，阅读理解和翻译共有50分，占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。毫不夸张地说，把这两部分做好，在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢？关键要通过大量的练习，增强阅读英文句子，尤其是其中长难句的能力。长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子，也有一些其实结构并不复杂，但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。长难句出现不多，但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度，成为我们获取高分的拦路虎. 下面就近八年来考研试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来，分析它们的结构，指出其中的考查难点，并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议,，希望大家能从中得到一些启发。 1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, (an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business). 句子主干：Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element… 语法难点：本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of 结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是(which was) representing…, 另一个是(which was) detached…。 可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略引导词+be的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。 句子翻译：对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。 翻译技巧：实际上定语从句并不符合汉语的使用习惯。所以翻译时遇上定语从句，一定不要机械地按照原来的顺序生搬硬套。像这样分句较长的情况，把主句和分句拆为两句是比较好的方法。所以这里从这个阶层开始另起一句。 2. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large, comfortable classes( who had retired on their incomes,and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’meeting to dictate their orders to the management.) 句子主干：Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who… 语法难点： 1)有并列从句。分析句子主干很容易看到这也是一个典型的定语从句结构，分句由who…, and who…两个并列结构组成。注意like并不是谓语而是介词短语作定语，真正的主句谓语是sprang of.retire on指依靠什么而退休（多跟表收入的名词）. 2) that of drawing dividends 结构中，draw是收取的意思，dividend指红利，that of sth结构是名词性的，that of sth相当于which is结构，目的都是修饰前面的名词。注意后面还有attending…是省略了which were的定语从句，把of sth结构和定语从句交替使用是英语中长难句的惯用手法，目的是避免行文的单调，考生朋友们要注意分辨。 句子翻译：像Bournemouth和Eastboune这样的城市兴起了，大批隐退的享乐阶层人士

英语四级阅读真题长难句解析06

26.Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Few people turn down a discount。at tollbooths为地点状语。to avoid using the EZ-Pass system为不定式作状语。that引导的定语从句that can track automobile movements修饰the EZ-Pass system。 【译文】很少有人会拒绝使用在收费站能打折的易通收费系统，该系统能够追踪汽车的行车路线。 27.Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券). (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests。Privacy economist 作Alessandro Acquisti的定语。that引导的定语从句that reveal people… coupon修饰的是a series of tests。to在这里表目的。 【译文】隐私权经济学家Alessandro Acquisti做了一系列测试，测试显示，人们会为了得到少得可怜的50美分优惠券而轻易地就将像社会保险号码这样的个人信息提供出来。 28. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主句主干为you can understand the power，从句为when引导的时间状语从句When you consider…Millionaire?。从句中又包含一个由that引导的宾语从句that nearly…Millionaire?，作consider的宾语。 【译文】当你考虑到几乎每四个美国人中就有三个看过电视游戏节目《谁想成为百万富翁？》，你就会明白电视在与大量的观众交流方面的巨大威力了。 29.Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but —regardless of whether it is or isn’t —we won’t do much about it. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为Global warming…,but we won’t… about it。regardless of意为“不管，不顾”；whether it is or isn’t 中的it指代的是并列连词but前的句子。 【译文】不管全球变暖是否是21世纪最大的环境危机，我们都不会为之倾注太多。 30.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. (2008年6月)

2020年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案

2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words. Supposea foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the mostinteresting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Questions 36 to 45 are based onthe following passage. Global warming is a trend towardwarmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we haveexperienced a 20,000 -year -long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away.However, we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 withother minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38 toa predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more 40 in some areas, less in others, and some placesmay even cool

[全]考研英语：历年真题经典长难句深度解析2021

考研英语：历年真题经典长难句深度解析 一、It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself. 1.重点词汇及短语： describe…with…用……描述…… articulate 【生义】v. 清楚地表达，描述【熟义】adj. 明晰清楚的 reaction n. 反应 grasp v. 理解，领会（尤指复杂的事情或观点） 2.句子成分分析：本句为主从复合句，主干是It is also the reason...。why引导定语从句，解释说明the reason。定语从句中包含了一个时间状语从句when we try to describe music with words。关系副词why引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。例如：He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset. 从句引导词选用关系副词why还是关系代词that/which，取决于先行词reason在从句中充当的成分：先行词reason在从句中作副词性成分，应该用why。例如：Please tell me the reason why he was late.（先行词reason在从句中作原因状语）；先行词reason在从句中作

名词性成分，应该用that/which。例如：Please tell me the reason that/which made him late.（先行词reason在从句中作主语） 3.参考译文：这也是为什么当我们试图用语言描述音乐时，我们只能表达出自己对音乐的感受，而无法领悟音乐本身。 二、Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: "The creation of the 'statistics board' was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” 1.重点词汇及短语： impel v. 促使，迫使【用法】impel sb to do sth迫使某人做…… statistics board 统计板 concern n. 忧虑，担心；重要的事情concern about/over/with 对……关心application n. 申请书；应用；应用程序 2.句子成分分析：本句的主干是...McNutt said...。分词短语Asked whether...the change作句子的状语。引号中的内容是said的宾语，其主干是The creation of the "statistics board" was motivated...and is part of...。句中的broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research解释说明concerns的内容。句中的to increase...we publish解释说明drive的内容，

英语四级阅读真题长难句解析18

英语四级阅读真题长难句解析18 86. As the trade winds lessen in strength, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃. (2006年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为the ocean temperatures rise。as 引导时间状语从句。现在分词短语causing…作伴随状语。as much as是比较结构，意为“和……一样”。 【译文】随着信风强度的减弱，海洋温度升高，导致了秘鲁寒流从东部流入，温度上升了5摄氏度。 87. The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. (2006年6月) 【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为The system was launched and has been hailed。介词as 在这里意为“作为，当作”。 【译文】州际公路体系最终在1956年开建，并被称道为那个世纪最伟大的工程之一。 88. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. (2006年6月)

历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析(一)

历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析 阅读是四级英语中重要的得分点和难点，对长难句的分析则决定了对阅读的彻底理解，也是学习语法，积累高级词汇、句型不可或缺的来源。而四级英语真题阅读部分均选自Times、Telegraph等著名外文报纸及杂志，其行文和词汇原汁原味，值得考生细细品味和灵活借鉴。准备2015年6月英语四级的同学们，还等什么?赶快学起来吧! 历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析（1） 1. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. (1990. 阅读. Text 1) 【译文】除了早期漂洋过海的旅行者或靠海谋生的人之外，对大多数人来说，大海是遥远的，没有必要提出太多问题，更别说思考大海海底的东西了。 【析句】复合句，本句主干为the sea was remote and there was little reason to...，and连接两个并列句子，两个句子之间又有with the exception of...作伴随状语，伴随状语中又包含who earned a living from the sea定语从句修饰others。最后是习惯let alone...,注意let alone后的动词形式与前面主句动词形式相同。 2. The first time that question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. (1990. 阅读. Text 1) 【译文】当有人建议铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报光缆的时候，出于商业动机，人们才不得不首次回答这个问题“海底有什么东西”。 【析句】本句话的难点在于主从句成分的区分。主句为The first time was when the laying...was proposed, when引导表语从句，而that question had to be answered with...则是定语从句修饰the first time。 3. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析 1. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. 【译文】这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。 【析句】这是一个并列句，前后用分号隔开两个子句，是递进关系。在第一句中，no可以用not a代替。在后一个句子中，inflation是主语，lower是谓语系动词的表语， than expected和in Britain and America，以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介词短语作状语。 【讲词】a flash in the pan意为"昙花一现的人或事"。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(许多人认为那位歌手红不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一开始听到这个消息时，也认为这事长不了。) 2. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack. 【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异，因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济，特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时

英语四级真题阅读长难句分析(3)

1. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 2) 【译文】学习中应该包括具有启发性的娱乐这一观点对于大部分学术机构而言似乎是愚蠢的，但事实的确如此。 【析句】本例句的难点在于寻找主句的主干。很明显，主句由but连接两个并列句组成，but 后的句子that is nonetheless the case是简单句。but前的句子主句是the notion would seem merely silly to the greater part of the academic establishment，to在这里作介词，这一介宾结构提前放在了谓语动词seem后，容易让人误以为是短语seem to的用法，结果导致理解失误。最后主句主语the notion有that引导的定语从句修饰。 2. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since depression began. (200 3. 阅读. 6. Text 3) 【译文】从事成人教育的公共机构已经因为经济萧条开始以来席卷全国的趋势而陷入困境。【析句】例句2的句子结构并不复杂，主句the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide, that has swept over them...作定语从句修饰the tide, 而定语从句中，又有since引导的时间状语从句，这个时间是修饰swept over这个动作的。 3. A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people's vision sharper than that of cats. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 4) 【译文】海德堡大学应用物理系正在研究的高水平新型隐形眼镜不仅能矫正普通的视力问题，还能把正常夜间视力提高五倍，使人的视力比猫还要敏锐。 【析句】复合句。主句是A new high-performance contact lens will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision, 可以看出，主句的主干是not only...but(also)结构连接前后两个并列句，contanct lens后有几个介词短语点明了研究的地点。最后，making people's vision...是现在分词引导结果状语。

2020年英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版)

英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一完整 版) 范文： Writing：家长角色 There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). To begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oftentimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him or her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dreams by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the college by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and they believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come true now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream that one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. But he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brother to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局). To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily

历届高考英语真题长难句解析

1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. （NMET2003.C篇）这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学 大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展， 她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。 简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。 2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet. （NMET2003.E篇） 由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办 公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。 简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎；overtime超时地。 3. Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market. （NMET2003.E篇）或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科 技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。 简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词promising有前途的。 4. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste. （NMET2003.E篇）这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸，制成这种纸的原料不是木料，而是农业废料。 简析：关键词other than而不是。 5. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers. （NMET2003.D

英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析

英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析 英语四级阅读中有些长难句非常难理解，其实理解英语四级阅读长难句的最好方法就是学会分析句子的结构，下面一起来学习一下英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析，希望对各位有所帮助。 Exercise I plan to see her soon in England, though not, she reminded me, again at 10 Downing Street. The cessation of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family. With rock,illusion of shared feelings, bodily contact and grunted formulas, which are supposed to contain so much meaning beyond the speech, are the basis of association. 要点：让步状语though not again at 10 Downing Street 被插入语she reminded me所分隔。而且该让步状语是一个省略的结构，全句应为though(it will) not(be)again at 10 Downing Street. 还应看出让步状语所转达的意思正是插入语的宾语所要转达的意思。she reminded me (it will not be again at 10 Downing Street)。省略和插入的使用使全句的意思得以很好地衔接连贯、结构紧凑，无多余的成分。 参考译文：我打算不久和她在英国见面，不过她提醒我地点不再是唐宁街十号了。 要点：此句话的主谓被很长一段定语成分所分隔，句子主干应是“The cessation...is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family”，由于主干中的is前没有逗号分开，而且前面又出现了一个is imminent，还由于同主语The cessation拉开的距离太远，所以不容易很快找到。When前面的部分如果不注意很容易错误地理解为一个句子，即“The cessation...means to prolong the life of body.”实际上means是个名词，意为“方法，手段”，不是动词“意味着”。而且means前面有个形容词extraordinary作定语，不可能是动词，尽管意思上说得通。when引导的状语从句里带了一个定语从句that biological death is imminent，它们一起插入了主语和谓语之间。把means错当动词和状语带定语的插入使得整句的结构复杂化了，致使主干句的主谓不容易看出来。 参考译文：在有不可反驳的证据表明病人即将进入生理死亡时，停止采取非常措施来延长其生命应该由病人和(或)其直系亲属来作出决定。