英语专业四级考试介绍

解码英语专业四级和专业八级考试

作者：唐静文章来源：北京新东方学校点击数：1629 更新时间：2006-6-29 11:28:05

【字体：小大】

英语专业学生的考试（TEM, Test for English Majors），它是由国家教育部下属的英语专业教学指导委员会组织实施，主要针对我国英语专业学生的考试，考试证书由教育部颁发，所以具有很高的权威性。

由于其指向性几乎是只对英语专业的学生开放，只有少数非英语专业的学生能够在自己学校许可的情况下参加，专四和专八证书在目前各种英语水平测试中就显得更加神秘。在2004年公布的修订后的高校英语专业四级和八级考试大纲中，考试难度的增加，让专四和专八考试更显得高深莫测。

本文的主要目的是对英语专业考试进行一个简单的介绍，并且试图对专四和专八本身的变化进行对比，同时还试图比较英语专业考试和大学英语考试，让大家对英语专业学生的考试有一个初步了解，从而揭开英语专业考试的神秘面纱。

一、解码

1．专四考试的题型介绍

专四考试主要检测英语专业基础阶段（即英语专业大二下期）学生的水平，主要考查学生英语听、说、读、写等英语基本功。

根据2004年最新修订后的《高校英语专业四级考试大纲》，专四整个考试所需要的时间是130分钟，试卷总分140分，评分时采用记权分式，把得分折算为百分制，以60分为及格标准。考试共分听写、听力理解、完形填空、语法和词汇、阅读理解、写作六个部分。试卷上题型、题数、计分和做题时间如下表：

2．专八考试的题型介绍

专八考试主要针对英语专业高年级阶段（即英语专业大四下期）学生的水平，不但考查学生语言基本功，还要考查学生“学习英语专业知识和相关专业知识，进一步扩大知识面，增加对文化差异的敏感性，提高综合运用英语进行交际的能力”。也就是说，不但要考查学生英语的“听、说、读、写”的基本功，还要考查学生对“英汉互译，英语国家概况，语言学，文学”等各个方面的知识。

根据2004年最新修订后的《高校英语专业八级考试大纲》，专四整个考试所需要的时间是185分钟，试卷总分100分，评分时采用记权分式，把得分折算为百分制，以60分为及格标准。考试共分听力理解、阅读理解、人文知识、改错、翻译和写作六个部分。试卷上题型、题数、计分和做题时间如下表：

对比

首先，有必要看看英语专四和专八本身的变化。这里所谓的新大纲，是指2004年最新颁布的大纲；而旧大纲，专四是指2000年出版的英语专业四级考试大纲，专八是指1997年出版的英语专业八级考试大纲。

1．专四新大纲与旧大纲的对比

跟2004年大纲修订前的题型相比，专四新大纲主要有以下变化：

1）听写部分基本不变

2）听力理解部分从原来的25题增加到30题，考试时间由原来的20分钟缩短为15分钟。

将原来的“Section A：单句”部分和“Section B：小对话”部分，分别改为“Section A：3篇长对话”和“Section B：3篇短文”。Section C部分基本保持不变。大纲明确提出考试难度跟TOEFL考试中短文的难度一致，能够听懂VOA（正常速度）和BBC新闻节目的主要内容，还需要能够辨别美国英语、英国英语和澳大利亚英语等不同英语变体。这表明听力理解部分难度加大。

3）完型填空从原来的15题增加到20题。这也说明难度有所增加。

4）语法和词汇部分从原来的25题增加到30题，要求掌握英语专业基础知识阶段的6000左右的认知词汇量，能熟练运用的单词及其搭配从原来的2500提高到4000左右，这也表明难度加大。

5）阅读理解部分中删掉了原来的快速阅读。传统的阅读理解由原来的4篇短文15题增加到5篇短文20题，随之阅读量也有原来的1500词左右增加到了1800词左右。阅读时间没有随之增加。阅读的题材非常广泛，包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常生活、人物传记等。同时，阅读的体裁在原来的记叙文、说明文和议论文的基础上，又增加了描写文、广告、说明书、图表等。大纲还明确规定能读懂美国Newsweek的国际新闻报道和Sons and Lovers等文学原著。显然，阅读部分难度也增加了，几乎要求能读懂所有英语的文体。

6）写作部分仍然是写一篇短文和具有英语专业特色的便条写作。但是，写作部分由原来的试卷第一题改为试卷最后一题。便条写作的保持基本不变，但是分值又原来的5分增加到10分；短文写作部分又原来要求150词增加到200词，可写作时间没有增加。这表明，写作部分难度也有所增加。

2．专八新大纲与旧大纲的对比

跟大纲修订前的题型相比，专八新大纲主要有以下变化：

1）听力理解部分从原来的15题变为10题，时间从原来的40分钟缩短为25分钟。主要是取消了原来的“Section A：长段演讲”部分，把原来的“Section D：小演讲”部分提前考查。由于原来的“小演讲”是听力理解中最难的一部分，现在把这个题放到这个考试开始进行，再加上整个时间缩短，所以听力难度略有增加。

2）阅读理解部分由原来的25题变为20题，时间却没有发生变化，仍然是30分钟，并且

还有一个很重大的变化是把快速阅读部分取消，只保留了原来的Section A：阅读理解！这看起来似乎应该变得更加简单。其实不然。因为原来快速阅读部分，根本谈不上“理解”，所以是比较简单的。现在虽然取消了快速阅读，但是却把这部分取消了，仍然保留着原来的“阅读理解”。并且把这个部分的文章从原来的阅读总量是2500个单词左右增加到3000个单词左右，阅读量大大增加，所以，阅读的难度也在增加。

3）新增加一种题型，即“人文知识改错”，这个部分极具英语专业特色，几乎囊括了英语专业高年级部分的所有主干课程，包括“英语国家概况，英美文学和语言学”等内容。所以，增加的这个部分更加突显了英语专业考试的特点，难度会越来越大。

4）改错部分有一点非常细微的差别，就是把短文的内容从原来的200个单词左右增加到250个单词左右，而时间没有变化，所以难度略微增加。

5）翻译和写作部分，原来是安排在下午单独用2个小时来考查。现在却没有。翻译部分没有任何变化。但是写作部分有三个明显的变化：一是把写作体裁从原来的只要求写“说明文或者议论文”拓展到现在的“各类体裁”；二是把时间从原来的60分钟缩短为45分钟，而字数则由原来的300个单词左右，增加到要求写400个单词左右的一篇文章。写作难度大大增加。

3．英语专业考试和大学英语考试的对比

其实，这两者几乎没有可比性，因为两者的考查对象、考查性质、测试的规模都是完全不同的。很明显，英语专业考试是对英语专业的学生做一个非常全面的检查。尤其是英语专业八级考试里面新增加的“人文知识改错”则更显示了在当前全国轰轰烈烈的大学英语改革环境下，英语专业教学改革的倾向：培养具有扎实英语专业知识，了解不同文化差异，能综合运用英语进行交际的能力。如果说从表层上看看，我们可以把英语专业考试和大学英语考试进行如下简单的对比。

1）单词量上看，大学英语四级考试（CET 4）要求的词汇量是4000左右，六级是6000左右。而英语专业四级则是8000左右，专八则是13000词汇。

2）从题型上看。抛开刚才所说的“人文知识改错”和“英汉互译”属于英语专业的“专业题”之外。在听、说、读、写这个基本层面上，恐怕英语专业里面表现最强烈的是听力理解。专四的听力理解里面比较有特点的是听写：属于主观题，要求能够在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出

所听到的内容，甚至要求标点符号也要能听出来后记录下来，单词拼写则更不能出错；因为测试听写的目的就在于检测学生听力理解能力、拼写熟练程度和正确运用标点符号的能力。而专八里面的听力填空题则更变态，听的时候什么材料都没有，只能做笔记，听完了才发一张材料，上面的内容与听到内容只是大概一致，需要根据刚才听到的内容来回忆之后做填空题，并且没有选项可以参考。

当然，以上只能是一个简单的对比，限于篇幅和作者水平，无法一一详细比较和对比。如果要做一个详细研究，那也只能是英语测试学研究的领域了。

前段时间是英语专业八级成绩公布的时候。专八，似乎是英语专业学生的一个身份证，是一个可以让英语专业的学生为之自豪的标识。可是。今年（2006年）的专业八级考试的结果却让所有考生感觉胆战心惊。数字可以说明问题：加上重复考生，全国共有108,720人参加2006年英语专业八级考试，合格的人数只有47900人，合格率只有44%。写下这些的目的，笔者没有鼓吹“考试中心论”，也没有“以考试论英雄”。但是，对于那些英语专业的学生，专四和专八考试至少可以检测我们学习的效果。面对自己的专业，我们该怎么办？看看上面所有对比的结果，几乎每一项后面都有一个相同的字“难”。是的，笔者妄言：英语专业考试会变得更难！道理很简单，在全球化的趋势下，在中国汹涌澎湃的“双语教学”的大潮中，非英语专业的学生可以掌握自己的专业，还可以对英语运用自如。而英语专业的，对英语不能精通，对其他领域更是一窍不通。何去何从？唯努力，精通所学！

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