专四语法练习

Ex29

1.

Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city's _______ green space.

A. inefficient

B. inaccurate

C. inadequate

D. indispensable

2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ________ i

t' closely.

A. followed

B. following

C. to follow

D. being followed

Since both he and I work in the same hospital, I can hardly avoid _______him.

A. being met

B. meeting

C. to be met

D. to meet

4. Since he lied to me, he will never persuade me _______ his sincerity or truthfulness.

A. of

B. for

C. in

D. at

5. Since he was involved in the case, the court _______ his app earance.

A. requested

B. asked

C. required

D. solicited

6. Since it is such a sunny day, we might _______ to the subur

b for a picnic.

A. as well as go

B. as well as to go

C. as well go

D. as well to go

7. Since the; ground is wet, it _______last night.

A. must have rained

B. must be raining

C. must rain

D. had-rained

8. Since we can't hear you at the back of the hall, you'll hav

e to _______ your voice.

A. increase

B. lift

C. raise

D. speak up

9. Small boys are _______ questioners. They ask questions all the time.

A. original

B. imaginative

C. peculiar

D. persisten t

10. Smoking is not __________ here.

A. promised

B. performed

C. Allowed

D. let

11. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being

a primary _______ for reasoning.

A. resource

B. resolution

C. requirement

D. respons e

12. Some animals adjust themselves ______ their environment by ins tinct.

A. to

B. in

C. from

D. toward

13. Some areas, _______the severe weather conditions, are hardly p opulated.

A. owing to

B. in spite of

C. but for

D. with regard to

14.

Some companies' have introduced flexible working time with less emphas is on pressure ____.

A. than more on efficiency

B. and more efficiency

C. and more on efficiency

D. than efficiency.

15.Some of the most important concepts in physics __ their succes s to these mathematical systems

A. oblige

B. contribute

C. devote

D. attribute

16. Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't ____ ____ so much noise.

A. resist

B. sustain

C. tolerate

D. undergo

17. Some people are _______ to jump to haste conclusions.

A. inclined

B. inclusive

C. inadequate

D. incapable

18. Some people criticize family doctors for ______ too many medi cines for minor illnesses.

A. prescribing

B. ordering

C. advising

D. del ivering

19. Some people either ________ avoid questions of right and wron

g or remain neutral about them.

A. violently

B. enthusiastically

C. sincerely

D. deliberately

20.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a ca use-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains.

A. to be shown

B. to have shown

C. to have been shown

D. being shown

21.

Some scientists ______ there is no life on Mars, but no one has go t definite conclusion yet.

A. judge

B. prove

C. assume

D. conclude

22. Somehow _______, he managed to get a well-paid job in the b ank.

A. or so

B. or other

C. or else

D. or more

23. Someone must have left the tap on, _______ water was running over and flooding the bathroom.

A. therefore

B. for

C. nevertheless

D. moreov er

24.Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by "drugs" that aren't really drugs at all _______ sugar pills that c ontain no active chemical elements.

A. or rather

B. rather than

C. but rather

D.

other than

25. Sometimes they _______ their students' poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.

A. distribute

B. attribute

C. contribute

D. c onsider

26. Sometimes very young children have trouble _______ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.

A. for separating

B. to separate

C. having separated

D. separating

1. C）inadequate意为“不充足的”，如：

The supply is inadequate to meet the demand. 供不应求。inefficient意为“效率低的”，如：A machine that uses too much power is inefficient. 用电过多的机器效率低。而inaccurate作“不精确的，不精密的”讲，如：

The thermometer is inaccurate. 这个温度计不准。indispensable意为“必不可少的，必需的”，如：Air，

food and water are indispensable to life. 空气、食物和水是维持生命所必需的。

2. B）该题旨在考查非谓语动词中的独立分词结构。一般情况下，分词作状语时，应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系（主谓或动宾关系），否则分词就须有自己的主语或逻辑宾语，来构成“名词或代词十分词”的独立分词结构，用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等，如：The experiment being over，

the students began their discussion. 做完实验后，学生们开始讨

论。Nobody having any more to say，the meeting was closed. 大家都没有什么可说的了，会议也就结束了。由此可见，B）是最佳选择。英语语法要求在同一个句号前，不允许存在两个既不是并列关系，也不是从属关系的句子，故A）不正确。’“名词十不定式”虽然也是一种复合结构，但它表示将来，

如：Here are the first two volumes

the third one to come out next month．这儿是头两卷，第三卷下月出版。可见C）也不正确。D）是分词的被动语态，不符合题意。

3. B）avoid作“避免”讲。后面不能跟动词不定式，只能跟名词或动名词作宾语，故C）和D）错误。又由于句子主语I和动词meet在逻辑上是主谓关系，故应使用主动形式的动名词，因此B）是正确的。

4. A）persuade sb．of sth．是固定搭配，意为“使某人相信某事”，如：

No one could persuade him of what she said．没有人可以使他相信她的话。for，in和at都不能和动词persuade搭配。

5. C）require意为“要求，命令”，为一正式用语，如：

They required that the right to vote be given to every adult．他们要求每一位成年人都应该赋予选举权。request意为“恳求，请求”，含有客气的意味，如：They requested us for the attendance．他们请求我们出席。ask意为“请求，要求”，是一个普通用词，指某人对要求的事期望得到答复，如：

She asked him for of a favor．她请他帮忙。solicit作“请求，要求”讲，是正式用语，指毕恭毕敬地、认认真真地请求，如：

They are soliciting funds for a new hospital．他们申请基金用来建一座新医院。

6. C）may（might）as well do sth．用来表示委婉地提出建议，意为“不妨……，最好……”如：You might as well tell me the truth．你不妨把真相告诉我。

7. A）must have done用来表示对过去某动作的肯定推测，如：

He must have been to England for he knows so much about that count ry．他一定去过英国，因为他了解那么多有关那个国家的事情。因此A）正确。

8. C）raise one’s voice是固定搭配，意为“提高声音，提高嗓音”，如：

He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him．他提高声音，以便大家都能听见。increase意为“增加，增多”，一般后跟比较具体的东西，如：

Factories must do everything to increase production and practice econo my．工厂必须采取一切措施增产节约。lift中意为“举起，抬起”，

如: This box is too heavy for me to lift．这箱子太重，我很不动。speak up 意为“大胆地说”，如：

You'd better speak up and not go beating about the bush like that．你最好爽爽快快地说出来，不要这样拐弯抹角。由此可见C）是正确答案。

9. D）persistent意为“坚持不懈的，执意的”，例

如：He phoned again this morning. He's very persistent. 今天早上他又打电话了。他就是不肯罢休。original意为“独创的”，例

如：He won an award for the most original design．他因设计最富独创性而获了奖。imaginative意为“富有想像力的”，例

如：All imaginative creation is a reflection of the real world．一切有想像力的创作都是真实世界的反映。peculiar 意为“特殊的，独特的”，例

如：He has his own peculiar way of organizing the meeting．他主持会议有自己独特的方式。

The ingredients of the ice cream sold in his restaurant are very pe culiar．他餐馆里出售的冰淇淋的配料很特殊。

10. C）promise作“允诺，答应”讲，一般不用于被动语态，如：

I promised him to attend to the matter promptly．我答应他立即处理这件事。perform作“履行，执行”讲，如；Dr．Smith performed the operation．史密斯大夫做的这一手术。let为使役动词，要求跟复合宾语（即“宾语十宾语补足语”）。需要注意的是，作宾语补足语的动词不定式不能带to，如：Let them do their worst！让他们把最凶恶的绝招都使出来吧！allow作“允许，准许”讲，在非正式英语中较为常见，在被动句中可以用人作主语，也可以用动名词作主语，如：

Talking is not allowed in library．图书室里禁止交谈。又如：

People are not allowed to smoke here．这里不允许吸烟。因此只有C）为正确答案。

11. C）requirement意为“要求，必要条件”，如：

There are two requirements for successors．对接班人有两个要求。而resource 意为“资源，谋略”，如：

We must exploit the natural resources of our country．我们必须开发本国的天然资源。resolution作“决心，决议”讲，如：He is a man of great resolution．他

是一位有决心的人。response意为“反应，回答”，如：

My letter of inquiry brought no response．我去信询问，却没有得到回音。

12. A）adjust意为“调整，调节，使……适应”，后常跟介词to作为搭配，如：These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child．这些桌椅的高度可根据儿童的身高调节。

13. A）owing to意为“因为．由于”，如：owing to the rain the match was canceled．因为下雨，比赛取消了。in spite of意为“虽然，不愿，尽管……仍”，表示让步，

如: They went on working in the field in spite of the rain．尽管下雨了，他们仍然继续在田间劳动。but for意为“若不，除非”，用来表示“假如某事没有发生，就……”的概念，如：But for the storm，

I would have been home before 8 o'clock．要不是这场暴风雨，我八点以前就已经回到家里了。with regard to意为“关于”，

如：With regard to your request for an additional assistant, I can only say at this stage that It's being considered．关于你要求再增加一名助手的们题，现在我只能说正在考虑。所以根据题意应选A）。

14. C）用比较连词than所连接的比较成分要求保持语法成分的一致性，即所比较的成分应该是同类事物或同类概念，例如：

No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any on e country，nowhere is this more true than in Europe．现在能够对计算机技术做出页献的已经不再局限于某一个国家了，这一点在欧洲比在其他任何地方都明显。

He is more diligent than clever．与其说他聪明不如说他勤

奋．She was more frightened than hurt．与其说她受了伤害不如说她受了惊吓．She is more a businessman than a doctor．与其说她是个医生不如说她是位商人。需要注意的是，下面两个例句中的比较状语由于分别使用了主格代词和宾格代词，因而所表达的意义是不一样的：You hate him as much as me．你恨他就像恨我一样。You hate him as much as I．你很他就像我恨他一样。”

15. D）attribute sth. to意为“把…归功于…”，如：

He attributed his success to hard work．他认为他的成功是努力的结果．oblige 表示“使……感激”，常用于被动语态，如：I'm much obliged to you．我对你非常感

激。contribute sth. to sb.表示“把……捐赠给……”或“把……奉献给……”，contribute to sth.作“对…有贡献，有助于”讲，

如：The exchange Of goodwill missions greatly contributes to a bette r understanding between the two countries．互派友好代表团大大促进了两国间的相互了解。devote oneself to意为“献身于”，devote后一般跟反身代词作宾语，如：Premier Zhou Enlai devoted himself to the cause of sociali st construction of Chinese people．周恩来总理献身于中国人民的社会主义建设事业。通过以上分析可看出，只有D）为正确答案。

16. C）tolerate意为“容忍，忍受，容许”，表示以自我克制的态度来对待令人厌恶、反感的东西，如：I can't tolerate her bad manners any longer．我再也不能忍受她那无礼的态度了。resist意为“抵抗，反抗，抵制”，表示站在对立面反对，强调积极主动地为制止外力或干扰而进行的反抗，如：The sea－

wall cannot resist the force of the waves．防波堤无法抵挡海浪的力量。sustain意为“供养，维持，支持”，如：

There isn't enough oxygen to sustain life．没有足够的氧气来维持生

命。undergo意为“经历，遭受”，如：

The old worker underwent much suffering before liberation．解放前这位老工人遭受了许多苦难。由此可见，正确答案只能是C）。

17. A）inclined意为“倾向于……的，有……意向的”，如：

I a inclined to agree with you．我倾向于同意你。inclusive意为“包括的”，如：The monthly rent is 15 yuan，inclusive of light and water. 每月租金15元，包括水电在内。inadequate意为“不充足的，不适合的”，如：

The supply is wholly inadequate to meet the demand．完全供不应

求。incapable意为“无能的，不会的”，

如：He is incapable of telling a lie．他不会扯谎。

18. A）prescribe意为“开药方”，符合题意，如：

The doctor prescribed a new medicine for the pain in my joints．医生为我开了一帖治关节病的新药方。其余三个动词order（命令），advise（建议）

和deliver（递送）均不合题意。

19. D）deliberately意为“故意地”，如：He did it deliberately．他故意这

么做的。而violently意为“猛烈地，激烈地”，如：

The robbers attacked the innocents violently．抢劫犯猛烈地袭击无辜的人。enthusiastically作“热心地，热情地”讲，如：

He always helps others enthusiastically．他总是热心助人。sincerely作“真诚地，诚恳地”讲，如：I am sincerely grateful．我衷心地感激。

20. A）remain意为“依然；继续存在”，remain to do意为“仍然是……”，例如：Their object remains to investigate the matter thoroughly．他们的目的仍然是彻底调查这一事件。remain to be done结构意为“某事有待去做”，例

如：Many problems remain to be settled．许多问题有待解决。由此可见D）错误。由于relationship和show是逻辑动宾关系，因此该不定式应该使用被动语态，所以B）错误。由于remain后的不定式是仍然未发出的动作，故不能使用完成体，所以C）错误。

21. C）assume作“假定，设想”讲，符合题意。judge（判断，裁决），prove（证明）和conclude（总结，得出结论）均不符合题意。

22. B）or other常与someone，something，somehow，somewhere，someday，sometime 等连用表示说话者对所说的事情不十分肯定，如：

I shall be coming again sometime or other．有一天我还会回来的。其他三个选项均没有这种习惯搭配。

23. B）for是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，与because引导的原因状语从句所不同的是：because后跟的是“原因（cause）”，主句表示的是“结果（effect）”；for后的分句则是另一分句内容的一个可能的结果

（a possible effect of the content of the other clause），如：

The day breaks for the birds are singing．天亮了，因为鸟儿已在啁啾了。

而therefore，nevertheless和moreover均是副词，不能引导句子。

24. C）but rather常与not连用，“not…but rather”表示“不是……而是”，例如；What they wanted was not money but rather books．他们想要的不是金钱而是书。They did not play soccer but rather basketball．他们没有踢足球而是打篮球。rather than意为“不是……”，例如：

John ought to go rather than George．约翰比乔治更应该

去。These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty这双鞋不好看可是穿着很舒服。or rather意为“说得更准确点”，other than意为“不同于，除了”，例如：This medicine，or rather drug，has a violent effect．这种药品，或者说得更确切些是毒品，药性剧烈。The truth is quite other than what you think．事实真相与你想的完全不同。

All parts of the house other than the windows were in good conditio n．除了窗户外，屋子的其他部分都很好。

25. B）“attribute…to…”意为“把……归于……”，

如：He attributed his success to the help Of his family．他把他的成功归于家人的帮助。“distribute…to…”意为“把……分配给……”，如：

Please distribute these books to the students．请把这些书分给学生。“contribute…to……”意为“把……贡献给……”，如：

He contributed a lot of money to the Red Cross．他向红十字会捐献了许多钱。consider意为“考虑，认为”，后一般不跟介词to，如；

we usually consider the Shetland islands as part of Scotland．我们通常认为谢德兰群岛是苏格兰的一部分。

26. D）固定搭配have trouble in doing sth．表示“做……有困难”，相当于have difficulty in doing sth.其中in可以省略，例如：

Northerners usually have trouble in understanding the southerners’accents．通常北方人难以听懂南方人的口

音。He has some trouble in reciting English words．他背英语单词有点困难。因此，for separating及to separate错误。having separated是动名词的完成体，动名词的完成体所表示的动作发生在．谓语动词所表示的动作之前，例如：

Yesterday the Department of Education gave him a medal for having.

(完整版)历年专四真题语法归类

i 一、谓语动词63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language. （2008）A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes 58.The committee has anticipated the problems that ____in the road construction project. （2007）A. arise B. will arise ?C. arose D. have arisen 59.The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____impossible to comprehend. (2006)A. had found B. finds C. has found D. would find （2007） 60.He would have finished his college education, but he______ to quit and find a job to support his family. （2007）A. had had B. has C. had D. would have 54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.(2005) A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (2005) A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 56.Jack __ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003 A. has been missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed 2. For some time now, world leaders ___out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. 2002a. had been pointing b. have been pointing c. were pointing d. pointed 二、非谓语动词： 非谓语动词 – 分词 逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。 64. ______ at in his way, the situation doesn't seem so desperate. （2007） A. Looking B. Looked C. Being looked D. To look 55.If not ______ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004)A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated not counting = not including 不算 （视为固定用法） 63.There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ______ the spoilt ones. (2006)A. not counting B. not to count C. don't count D. having not counted 65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm’s lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT(2009) A. the man who has prepared the documents... B. the man who has been preparing the documents... C. the man who is preparing the documents... D. the man who will prepare the documents... 非谓语动词 – 动名词

历年专四语法词汇题汇总及答案(附.

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