翻译(已完成)
102121137A
一种双喷头双极性静电纺丝方法
一种双喷头双极性静电纺丝方法，属于纳米纤维材料制备技术领域。其特征是仪器包括高压直流电源、带有喷头的两个容器和一个收集板。其电路连接方法为，对一个喷头施加正向直流电压，另一个喷头施加负向直流电压，中间连接一个接电路地端的收集板。当电路接通后，两喷头喷出的纳米纤维由于异性电荷的吸引作用而交织在一起，形成两种纤维交织网络状材料。本发明的效果和益处是这种材料用处广泛，如制作敏感元件等电子器件，提高传感器的灵敏度和响应时间等。应用在纺织领域，制备多种新型复合纳米纤维网络状无纺新材料，为新结构材料开发提供一种新方法。
A double nozzle and bipolar electrospinning method
A double nozzle and bipolar electrospinning method belongs to the technology field of the nanofiber material producing. It features as an apparatus including a high-voltage DC power supply, two containers with nozzles and a collecting plate.The circuit is connected in a way that two spray nozzles separately applied with a positive DC voltage and a negative DC voltage are connected by a collector plate which is put to the circuit ground. When the circuit is switched on, the nanofibers coming from the two nozzles interweave together because of the attraction of opposite charges, forming network shaped material with two woven fibers. The effect and benefit of this method is that the material has a wide range of uses, for instance the production of electronic devices(such as sensitive element), to improve the sensitivity and shorten the response time of sensors. This method can be used in the textile field, producing a variety of new composite nanofiber network-shaped and non-woven material, providing a new method for the new structural material development.
102121138A
高强低干液相长丝加工工艺
本发明涉及一种高强低干液相长丝加工工艺，通过对高强低干液相长丝加工工艺过程中进行进行原料选择，相关工艺步骤的改进和优化相关最佳参数，它可以使高强低干液相长丝兼有低成本，高质量，优良高强低干性能。
The processing technology of high-strength low-dry liquid filament
The present invention relates to a high-strength low-dry liquid filament processing technology. Based on selecting raw materials, improving process steps and optimizing the relevant optimal parameters through the high-strength low-dry liquid filament process, this technology can ensure the high-strength low-dry liquid filament low cost, high quality and excellent performance of high strength and low dry.
102122712A
一种高压实、高电压钴酸锂正极材料的制备方法
本发明涉及一种高压实、高电压钴酸锂正极材料的制备方法，该方法包括具体步骤和实施方式，其主要的设计思路是采用共沉淀的方法，在制备方法的四氧化三钴的表面包覆一层ＮｉｘＭｎｙ（ＯＨ）ｚ得到梯度材料［ＮｉｘＭｎｙ（ＯＨ）ｚ］ｎ·（Ｃｏ３Ｏ４）１－ｎ的前驱体，其中０．１≤ｘ≤０．７５，０．３≤ｙ≤１．５，０≤ｎ≤０．３５，ｚ为２或４，并在一定的温度下回火烧结，形成［ＮｉｘＭｎｙＯｚ］ｎ·（Ｃｏ３Ｏ４）１－ｎ梯度结构的氧化物，加锂后进行二次烧结，得到具有高压实高电压的梯度正极材料。钴酸锂正极材料在高电压下保持了良好的循环性能，产品工艺简单、易于控制、适合批量生产。
A high-compaction, high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide anode material preparation method
The present invention relates to a high-compaction, high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide anode material preparation method, which contains specific procedures and implementing modalities, The man design idea is to use the way of coprecipitation to cover a layer of NixMny(OH)z over the surface of cobaltic-cobaltous oxide to get the gradient material the precursor of [NixMny(OH)z]n·(Co3O4)1-n, wherein x is greater than 0.1 and less than 0.75, y is greater than 0.3 and less than 1.5,n is greater than 0 and less than 0.35,Z is 2 or 4, and to sinter back on fire at a certain temperature, forming [NixMnyOz]n·(Co3O4)1-n,the gradient structure of the oxide ,then to sinter again with lithium to get the high-compaction, high-voltage gradient anode material. Lithium cobalt oxide anode material maintains a good cycle performance under high voltage; the product has the advantages of simple process, easy control and batch-suitable production.
(完整版)过去完成时翻译练习
过去完成时翻译 1.在我们到达他们家之前，他们就已经 吃完晚饭了。 They had had dinner before we arrived at their house. 2.在我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。 By the time we got to the cinema ,the movie had begun. 3.他告诉我他以前在那个学校任教过。He told me he had taught in that school before. 4.他说他已经看过那本小说了。 He said he had already read the noivel 5.在老师的帮助下，我知道我已经错 了。 With the help of the teacher,I knew I had been wrong. 答案： 1.They had had supper before we got
to their house. 2.By the time we reached the cinema, the film had been on for fifteen minutes. 3.He told me that he had taught in that school before. 4.He said that he had read the novel. 5.With the help of the teacher, I knew I had been wrong. 6.Lucy told me that she had heard of the good news. 7.We had finished reading five English books by last year. 8.She had learned a lot of English words before she went to school. 9.By July last year, she had studied here for 3 years. 10.It was twenty years since I had left school.
跨文化阅读课文翻译终极版
Unit 1 Settling down at college around the world 适应校园生活——来自世界各地的访谈 Tanya Zarutskaya Moscow, Russia 塔尼娅?扎茹茨卡娅莫斯科，俄罗斯 This time last year I was nervous about my new life. 去年的这个时候，我对新生活感到很紧张。 I didn't have any friends, and it was my first time away from home. 我没有朋友，也是第一次离开家。 At first I worked all the time, going to lectures and studying late into the night. 一开始，我一天到晚都在忙功课：上课，并且学习到深夜。 But then I realized I was missing out on so many other things at university. 可后来我意识到我错过了大学里许多其他活动。 One day a girl in my hall of residence invited everyone in the dorm to a dinner party. 一天，跟我住同一幢宿舍楼的一个女孩儿邀请全楼的人去参加一个晚宴。 I've no idea where she managed to buy the food, or how she had enough money. 我不知道她在哪儿买的那些吃的，也不清楚她怎么会有足够的钱。 And she dressed like a model. 而且她穿得像个模特儿。 I don't know why she was bothering with university! 我真不知道她干嘛还要费那劲儿上大学！ I've got to know lots of interesting people and I now enjoy myself as well as study hard. 现在我结识了许多有趣的人，既努力学习，也快乐地生活。 Miguel Fonseca Guadalajara, Mexico 米古尔?方斯卡瓜达拉哈拉，墨西哥 When I first arrived at university, I tried to make notes about everything the professors said in their lectures. 刚上大学的时候，我尽量把教授们在课堂上说的每一句话都记下来。 But I ended up being too busy writing to listen. 结果是我光忙着记笔记，都顾不上听讲了。 I'm studying chemistry, and everything seemed more complicated than what we learned at school. 我现在学的是化学，现在学的东西似乎都比我们在中学里学的复杂。 But then I realized that here, you have to listen and think more. 现在，我已弄清新知识和过去所学知识之间的差别了。 I've now understood the difference between new information and things which I knew already. 不过我意识到，在大学里，你应该更多地去听、去思考。
英语翻译英文版
I WAS born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull. He got a good estate by merchandise, and leaving off his trade, lived afterwards at York, from whence he had married my mother, whose relations were named Robinson, a very good family in that country, and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznaer; but, by the usual corruption of words in England, we are now called - nay we call ourselves and write our name - Crusoe; and so my companions always called me. I had two elder brothers, one of whom was lieutenant-colonel to an English regiment of foot in Flanders, formerly commanded by the famous Colonel Lockhart, and was killed at the battle near Dunkirk against the Spaniards. What became of my second brother I never knew, any more than my father or mother knew what became of me. Being the third son of the family and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled very early with rambling thoughts. My father, who was very ancient, had given me a competent share of learning, as far as house-education and a country free school generally go, and
(CET6)翻译终极预测[绝密版]
2016年六月英语六级（CET6）翻译终极预测[绝密版] 汉语热 翻译原文： 汉语热指近年来越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语的现象。在很多国家，学汉语的人数在迅速增长。据统计，全世界已有109个国家、3000多所高等学校开设了汉语课程。一项调查显示，他们学习汉语的主要目的是去中国旅游、从事贸易活动、了解中国和中国文化。汉语热背后的原因是中国经济的飞速发展，它使中国的国际地位和影响力得到了提升。全球“汉语热”传达了世界各国人民渴望了解中国文化的信息。 重点词汇： 普及 popularize 汉语热 Chinese language craze/fever;Mandarin craze 越来越多 a growing number of;more and more 据统计 according to statistics/figures 开设汉语课程 offer courses on Chinese language/Mandarin 显示 indicate/show 从事 engage in / deal with 贸易活动 trade activity 背后的原因 underlying reason;reason behind 国际地位 international status 传达 convey / deliver 参考译文： Chinese language craze refers to the phenomenon that a growing number of foreigners start to learn Chinese. The number of Chinese learners increases rapidly in many countries. According to statistics, more than 3000 institutions of higher education in 109 countries are offering courses on Chinese language. A survey indicates that they learn Chinese for the main purpose of travelling in China, engaging in trade activities and knowing China and the Chinese culture. The underlying reasons for this craze lie in the rapid development of China’s economy, which enhances the international status and the influence of China. This global Chinese language craze conveys a message that people around the world are eager to know the Chinese culture.
翻译英文版
Toward a Trust-Based Construction Management Abstract: The growing complexity of AEC projects isincreasing the importance of the building construction coordination role. Moreover, the uncertainty linked to the environment of theconstruction activity makes way for the notion of trust. The coordinator can make use of multiple tools/views for accomplishing his mission. This researchworksuggestsanalyzing data coming from these different views to consolidate trust indicators informing the coordinator about “trust in the correct progression of the construction activity.”The approach suggested in this article distinguishes between four aspects of the activity determining the global trust level: task progress,actor’s performance, documents required to perform the task, and building elements resulting from the task. The proposal suggests introducing these trust indicators in a dashboard, included in a multiview interface, thus allow- ing the coordinator to identify the tasks with a low trust level and to understand the nature of dysfunctions. A prototype has been developed and integrated in a service- based IT infrastructure. Results of an experiment stage are finally discussed to validate the approach. ?To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sylvain.kubicki@tudor.lu. 1 INTRODUCTION The AEC sector has some specific characteristics, distinguishing it from other industrial sectors. Indeed, the heterogeneityofactors’teams,whichareconstitutedfor the duration of the project, leads to the difficulty to create and maintain enduring relationships. The nature of the object to be produced is also fundamentally different. The execution of a building is in a sense the execution of a prototype. Consequently, the uncertainties related to its design and production environment are numerous (e.g., nature of the ground) (Chemillier, 2003;Jin and Doloi, 2009). Therefore, risks of dysfunction are multiple. The building site constitutes a particular environment and it is the place of numerous potential dysfunctions that first can be linked to documents (e.g., problems of update), then linked to interactions between actors (e.g., lack of trust that limits exchanges), and finally, linked to tasks and their execution (e.g., difficulty of performing a construction task) (Tahon, 1997). Thus, in such a context and because of the increasing complexity of construction projects, coordination becomes more and more important for limiting the impact of diverse dysfunctions appearing during the building construction.C ? 2009 Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering.DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8667.2009.00628.x 254 Guerriero, Kubicki & Halin In addition, trust is a central concept in the AEC cooperation context where the autonomy and the sense of the stakeholders’responsibility are essential to guarantee the quality of the production (Bobroff, 1994).Trust is important for encouraging cooperation between people, to surmount risk and enable action in an environment characterized by numerous uncertainties(Luhmann, 1988). Thus, this research work suggests establishing a bridge between the notion of trust and the coordination assistance tools. It proposes a new form of coordination based on the representation of trust and focuses on the construction manager’s activity. This stakeholder is in charge of assuming the scheduling, the coordination, and the management of the building construction activities. More precisely, during the execution phase, he is in charge of defining the detailed execution planning, as well as updating it when necessary to maintain the global execution time. He is also responsible for the follow-up and the monitoring of the budget. To carry out the different aspects of his mission, diverse tools are at the disposal of the construction manager. Two categories can be distinguished: current and emergent tools. Among
LMCSS参数翻译(完成版)概论
LMCSS安装参数表页数：Page 1 of 13 日期：2005/1 Translated by:翻译： YAN JUN 严 军 Checked by: XU WEIBIN 检查： 许 伟 斌 Approved by: 批准: WU PENG 吴 鹏 Motion Control Board With LMCSS Installation Parameters LMCSS安装参数（翻译版） P1230314AAB 09 January, 1997 Otis document configuration number 80049 WARNING!!! The “Default value” specified for the parameters within this document are provided as a template for the contracting process. These settings do not always represent the default settings for a specific contract and; therefore, should not be used for that purpose. NONDISCLOSURE WARNING This work contains proprietary information and is the property of Otis Elevator Company. It is distributed only to those employees with a need to know the information and it may not be reproduced,
专业英语长短句翻译最终版
短句翻译 1.Machinery manufacturing technology is the most important technology appliedinprocessing operation。 制造技术是应用于加工工序的最重要的的一门技术。 2.Metal cutting technology is the technology which is concerned with utilizing various processes to remove material from the workpart and achieve final desired gometry. 金属切削中，刀具和工件必须通过加工过程中的相对运动来获得所需的几何形状。 3.In metal cutting,tools and workparts must have certain relative movements during processing in order to achieve geometry needed.The movements include main movement and feed movement. 金属切削技术是利用各种不同的加工方法去除工件材料，获得最终所需的几何形状。 4.production operation is the processing step in which one operator process one Workpart at one workstation。 生产工序是一个操作者在一个工作地点对一个工件进行的加工 5.Heat-treating operation is the way to enhance physical properties of metal materials. 热处理是一种提高金属材料物理特性的方式。 6.Feed is concerned with the distance of the cutting tool’s movement relative to the workpiece at the feeding direction. 进给量是刀具与工件在进给方向上的相对位移量。 7.The programe is stored in battery-backed memory and/or EEPROMS. 程序通常存储在随机存储器（备用电池）或可擦写、可编程只读存储器中。 8.The program can often control complex seq-uencing and is often written by engineers. 程序通常用来控制复杂的加工工序，并有工程师编写。 9.In fact ,a robot is basically a highly automated machine that is created to duplicate one or more physical capabilities of a person. 实际上机器人基本上是一种高度自动化的机器，它可以模仿人的一个或多个身体的动作10.Electric system is a very important unit, which is used in the field of electric engineering and mechatronics engineering. 电子系统是电子工程，机电工程领域涉及的一个重要部分。 11.We applaud the heroism of robot at the movies, amazing the robot in Robot Football Match. 我们在电影中为机器人的英雄气概而欢呼，惊叹于机器人足球赛的表现 12.The world is made up of matters. There are so many different types of materials in the world. 世界是由物质构成的。世界上又有如此之多的材料。 13.Mechanical manufacturing technology is used in the process control in the most important of the technology. 机械制造技术是运用在过程控制中最主要的技术 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/186859471.html,C technology is being used on all types of machine tools, from the simplest to the most complex. 从最简单道最复杂的机床都会用到数控（CNC）技术。
这些英文翻译,你会吗
1.Do you have a family? 正确译文：你有孩子吗？ 2.It's a good father that knows his son。 就算是最好的父亲，也未必了解自己的儿子。 3.I have no opinion of that sort of man。 我对这类人很反感。 4.She put 5 dollars into my hand,"you have been a great man today." 她把5美圆塞到我手上说："你今天表现得很好." 5.I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two。 我是最小的儿子，但是我还有两个妹妹。 6.The picture flattered her。 她比较上照。 7.The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England。 她杂那个国家水土不服，所以回到了英国。 8. He is a walking skeleton。 他很瘦。 9.The machine is in repair。 机器已经修好了。 10.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty。 他让法官的职责战胜了父子的亲情，最终宣布儿子有罪。 11.You don't know what you are talking about。 你在胡说八道。 12.You don't begin to understand what they mean。 你根本不知道他们在干嘛.don't begin ：决不 13.They didn't praise him slightly。 他们大大地表扬了他。 14.That's all I want to hear。 我已经听够了。 15.I wish I could bring you to see my point。 你要我怎么说你才能明白呢。
【英语】英语过去完成时练习题含答案
【英语】英语过去完成时练习题含答案 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．Not until ________a third time ________that he had given birth to the reading system for the blind called Braille. A．Louis Braille tried；he announced B．did Louis Braille try；he announced C．Louis Braille had tried；did he announce D．had Louis Braille tried；had he announced 【答案】C 【解析】 倒装句。句意：直到L布拉耶又尝试了一次，他才宣布成功发明了专为盲人阅读用的文字--Braille。Not until位于句首时，后面的从句不倒装，主句使用部分倒装，即把 be/do/will/have/can等提到主语之前，A、B两项的第二空未倒装，排除A、B；D项第一空不需要用倒装，排除D，故选C。 2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheated B．being questioned; was cheating C．questioned; had cheated D．being questioned; has cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。 3．A full preparation before Beijing finally won the bid for hosting the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．has been made B．had been made C．would be made D．is made 【答案】B 【解析】句意为：北京在最终赢得2022年冬奥会主办权之前已经做了充分的准备。该句中“before Beijing finally won the bid”使用了一般过去时态，而做准备发生在won这个动作之
大学原文及翻译最终版.docx
【原文】 大学之道，在明明德，在亲民，在止于至善。 知止而后有定，定而后能静，静而后能安，安而后能虑，虑而后能得。 物有本末，事有终始。知所先后，则近道矣。 【译文】 大学的宗旨在于弘扬光明正大的品德，在于使人弃旧图新，在于使人达到最完善的境界。知道应达到的境界才能够志向坚定；志向坚定才能够镇静不躁；镇静不躁才能够心安理得；心安理得才能够思虑周详；思虑周详才能够有所收获。 每样东西都有根本有枝末，每件事情都有开始有终结。明白了这本末始终的道理，就接近事物发展的规律了。 【原文】 古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国。欲治其国者，先齐其家。欲齐其家者，先修其身。欲修其身者，先正其心。欲正其心者，先诚其意。欲诚其意者，先致其知；致知在格物。物格而后知至，知至而后意诚，意诚而后心正，心正而后身修，身修而后家齐，家齐而后国治，国治而后天下平。【译文】 古代那些要想在天下弘扬光明正大品德的人，先要治理好自己的国家；要想治理好自己的国家，先要管理好自己的家庭和家族；要想管理好自己的家庭和家族，先要修养自身的品性；要想修养自身的品性，先要端正自己的心思；要想端正自己的心思，先要使自己的意念真诚；要想使自己的意念真诚，先要使自己获得知识；获得知识的途径在于认识、研究万事万物。 通过对万事万物的认识，研究后才能获得知识；获得知识后意念才能真诚；意念真诚后心思才能端正；心思端正后才能修养品性；品性修养后才能管理好家庭和家族；管理好家庭和家族后才能治理好国家；治理好国家后天下才能太平。 【原文】 自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本。其本乱而末治者，否矣。其所厚者薄，而其所薄者厚，未之有也！ 【译文】 上自国家君王，下至平民百姓，人人都要以修养品性为根本。若这个根本被扰乱了，家庭、家族、国家、天下要治理好是不可能的。不分轻重缓急、本末倒置却想做好事情，这也同样是不可能的！
毕设英文翻译英文版
72页 Machine Tools Objectived. Machine tools are the main engines of the manufacturing industry. This chapter covers a few of the details that are common to all classes of machine tools discussed in this book. After completing the chapter, the reader will be able to >understand the classification of the various machine tools used in manufacturing industries. >identify the differences between generating and forming of surfaces. > identify various methods used to generate different types of surfaces. >distinguish between the different accuracies and surface finishes that are achievable with different machine tools. >understand the different components of the machine tools and their functions. >learn about the different support structures used in the machine tools. >understand the various actuation systems that are useful to generate the required surfaces. >Learn the different types of guideways used in the machine tools. >understand the work holding requirements. 3.1 INTRODUCTION The earliest known machine tools are the Egyptian foot-operated lathes.
翻译(已完成)
102121137A 一种双喷头双极性静电纺丝方法 一种双喷头双极性静电纺丝方法，属于纳米纤维材料制备技术领域。其特征是仪器包括高压直流电源、带有喷头的两个容器和一个收集板。其电路连接方法为，对一个喷头施加正向直流电压，另一个喷头施加负向直流电压，中间连接一个接电路地端的收集板。当电路接通后，两喷头喷出的纳米纤维由于异性电荷的吸引作用而交织在一起，形成两种纤维交织网络状材料。本发明的效果和益处是这种材料用处广泛，如制作敏感元件等电子器件，提高传感器的灵敏度和响应时间等。应用在纺织领域，制备多种新型复合纳米纤维网络状无纺新材料，为新结构材料开发提供一种新方法。 A double nozzle and bipolar electrospinning method A double nozzle and bipolar electrospinning method belongs to the technology field of the nanofiber material producing. It features as an apparatus including a high-voltage DC power supply, two containers with nozzles and a collecting plate.The circuit is connected in a way that two spray nozzles separately applied with a positive DC voltage and a negative DC voltage are connected by a collector plate which is put to the circuit ground. When the circuit is switched on, the nanofibers coming from the two nozzles interweave together because of the attraction of opposite charges, forming network shaped material with two woven fibers. The effect and benefit of this method is that the material has a wide range of uses, for instance the production of electronic devices(such as sensitive element), to improve the sensitivity and shorten the response time of sensors. This method can be used in the textile field, producing a variety of new composite nanofiber network-shaped and non-woven material, providing a new method for the new structural material development. 102121138A 高强低干液相长丝加工工艺 本发明涉及一种高强低干液相长丝加工工艺，通过对高强低干液相长丝加工工艺过程中进行进行原料选择，相关工艺步骤的改进和优化相关最佳参数，它可以使高强低干液相长丝兼有低成本，高质量，优良高强低干性能。 The processing technology of high-strength low-dry liquid filament The present invention relates to a high-strength low-dry liquid filament processing technology. Based on selecting raw materials, improving process steps and optimizing the relevant optimal parameters through the high-strength low-dry liquid filament process, this technology can ensure the high-strength low-dry liquid filament low cost, high quality and excellent performance of high strength and low dry. 102122712A
英文翻译最终版
北方民族大学外文文献翻译 译文题目对于Android系统的介绍 原稿题目An Introduction to Android System 系(部)名称: 计算机科学与工程学院 学生姓名:王紫晴 专业: 信息管理与信息系统 学号: 20122395 指导教师姓名:张海霞 北方民族大学教务处制
目录 An Introduction to AndroidSystem (1) 1.Android system architecture (1) 2. Android released version (2) 3. Androidapplication features (2) 4. Android development environment (3) 5. AndroidProgram structure (3) 6. Logcat tools (4) 7. Hello World (5) 对于安卓系统的介绍 (6) 1.Android系统架构 (6) 2. Andorid已发布的版本 (7) 3. Android应用特色 (8) 4. Android开发环境 (9) 5. Android程序结构 (9) 6. Logcat工具 (11) 7. Hello World (11)
An Introduction to AndroidSystem Abstract In many organizations, database development is from the beginning of enterprise data modeling, enterprise data modeling to determine the scope of the organization and the general content of the database. This step usually occurs in an organization's information system planning process, it is intended to create an overall description or interpretation of the organization data, rather than the design of a specific database. A particular database provides data for one or more information systems, and the enterprise data model (which may contain many databases) describes the range of data maintained by the organization. In enterprise data modeling, you review the current system, analyze the need to support the nature of the business domain, describe the need for further abstraction of the data, and the planning of one or more database development projects. 1.Android system architecture Android's system architecture uses a layered architecture of the idea, as shown in figure. From the top to the bottom layer of a total of four, respectively, the application program layer, application framework layer, the system library and the Android runtime and Linux kernel. Each layer function is briefly described as follows: 1) application layer The layer provides a number of core application packages, such as contact management, calendar, SMS, browser, maps and e-mail, etc.. At the same time, people can use the Java language to design and write their own applications, and these procedures and those of the core applications are equal and friendly coexistence. 2) application framework layer This layer is the foundation of Android application development, the developer is in the majority of the situation is in dealing with it. Application framework layer including the window manager, inform manager, content providers, system view, the location manager, phone manager, resource manager, manager, activity manager and XMPP service of ten parts. On the Android platform, developers can fully access the API framework used by the core application. Also, any application can publish its own function module, and other applications can use the function modules that have been released. Based on this mechanism, the replacement of the platform itself, a variety of application components, it is very convenient for users. 3) the system library and the Android runtime Library system includes nine subsystems, respectively is the layer management, media library, SQLite, OpenGLEState, freetype, WebKit, SGL, SSL and libc, include core library and the Dalvik virtual machine running Android. The former is compatible with the most of the Java language to call the function, and includes the core library for Android, such as android.os, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/186859471.html,, android.media and so on. The latter is a Java virtual machine based on the register, the Dalvik virtual machine is