2015年高考英语命题特点

2014年省高三英语复习资料

一、多听老师的，少自作主张

二、多用碎时间，少搞大突击

三、多接触英语，少钻研语法

四、多做高考题，少抠模拟题

五、多攻词汇表，少记课外词

六、多做一般题，少钻研难题

七、多背好语句，少问为什么

二、词汇能力的问题

词汇能力是学生所有基本能力中最重要的而且也是最基础的能力。词汇能力在很大程度上决定着高考的成绩。

1）词汇量的问题。词汇的积累对任何学习英语的人都是不可或缺的。在高考中能拿到高分的学生一定是在高考试卷中基本做到“零生词”的学生。实践证明，新课标所规定的3500个单词和短语的要求，对相当多的高三学生来说是一项十分艰难的任务。因此，词汇量的积累应该列为贯穿于高考复习全过程的首要任务。实际情况是新课标卷实际单词考察量只是略高于大纲卷，这是由于每年都有新省份加入而必须保持过渡性、稳定性。但不能因此放松对词汇记忆的要求，学生的实际词汇水平相对于是考试实际要求的最低2000个（基本为原大纲要求词汇）左右仍有较大差距。

2）“一词多义”的问题。学生在运用英语的过程中，经常会遇到十分眼熟的词，但是看不懂意思。例如：高考试题中曾经出现a state-run company，许多同学完全不懂，既不知道state的含义，也不知道run的含义。“一词多义”的现象是一种语言表达力丰富的标志，也是我们不可回避的教学重点。

3）构词法知识的问题。一方面构词法知识可以迅速扩充词汇量，是十分实用的工具性知识；另一方面，高考试题中出现的由一般构词法产生的新词不被视为生词，一般不给汉语注释。因此，系统地归纳总结构词法知识也是词汇复习的一个必不可少的环节。

4）介词的问题。介词的数量较少，但一些常用介词的含义非常多。在语篇中因为一个介词而导致整个句子看不懂的事情屡见不鲜。在语言运用的过程中，择机归纳常用介词的含义，应该列为高三词汇复习的任务之一。

三、灵活运用基础语法的能力。

可以这样认为，没有扎实的语法功底的学生，就丧失了进一步提高的潜力。因此，系统而有重点地复习高、初中阶段所学的全部语法知识并且迅速形成在语篇中的应用能力，是高三复习阶段的重要任务。

四、听力命题趋势预测：

1.事实细节题。在听力考试中对事实细节题的考查最多，常见的设题方式为：五个W一个H。10题左右。

2.推理判断题2-3题。

3.主旨大意题3-4题。

4.推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系2-3题。

5.理解领会对话的观点、态度及意图2题。

独白部分(即第十段材料)

可分为四种类型：

*人物与故事型；*普通知识型；*社会科学型；*科普知识型。

五、近三年高考单项填空题的基本特点

知识点覆盖面全、突出语篇，重点考查考生在特定的语境中对语法及词汇知识的运用能力，体现了综合化和语境化的特征。

（1）重点知识重点考查

近三年来考查的十大项目为：

①动词时态和语态；

②动词和动词短语；

③非谓语动词；

④名词性从句、定语从句及状语从句；

⑤代词以及it用法；

⑥情态动词（虚拟语气）；

⑦交际用语；

⑧形容词与副词辨析与比较等级；

⑨冠词；

⑩介词。

（2）不回避次重点知识

除了上述十大项目外，倒装、省略、固定搭配、连词、句式等

项目高考试卷中也屡见不鲜。

（3）纯记忆性、语法性的题目已基本消失，命题充分体现了语用性、

实用性。

（4）突出了语言的交际功能。

六、完型填空命题前瞻趋向

1.命题特点：采用“增、省、变、混、惑”等手段来创设误导语境。

2.考查的知识类型：1）纯语法结构类; 2）词语固定搭配类; 3）上下文语境类; 4）情景交际类; 5）逻辑推理类; 6）辨析类; 7）综合类。

（1）完形填空的空格常分为下列四种类型：

a.词内项，指设空根据所填单词本身确定答案；

b.词间项，指设空根据所填单词前后的单词确定答案；

c.句内项指设空根据所填单词所在的句子本身确定答案；

d.句间项指设空根据所填单词所在的句子的前后提示确定答案

它们之间难度依次递增。近年来高考考查重点越来越趋向后两项，即句内项和句间项，主要测试考生的阅读能力和综合语言运用能力。

（2）文体选材以记叙文为主、夹叙夹议。

题材为中学生所常见的，内容深刻，有教育等积极向上的意义。综观全国各地近40篇完形填空试题，选材多为记叙文或夹叙夹议类的短文。但也有少量的说明文（2014年新课标考察了说明文）。

由此可见：有教育意义的记叙文体或夹叙夹议的文章是高考英语完形填空题选文的主导方向。

（1）以考查实词为主，无纯粹语法题。

从近年来的高考英语完形填空试题看，语篇层次设空的比例呈现逐年增加的趋势，反映出“突出语篇”的命题思路。但是不少地方的高考试卷在要求考生注重语篇阅读的同时，也要重视对单词、短语、以及重要句型的掌握。

（2）大部分解题要从全文出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑作出判断，体现了“突出语篇”的

命题风格。

干扰项设计严密，一般来说，四个选项词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，大多数空都可与空前或空后文字形成某种搭配关系，或者仅就某一个空白而言，在语法上并不存在错误，对考生起到了应有的迷惑。

附：完形填空解题口诀

文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。

记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明旨意。

四个选项巧设计，头脑清醒要分清。

填空多是实义词，词类范畴必同一。

确定最佳靠逻辑，字里行间找信息。

十六字诀常品味，突出语境加语法。

相近词义细辨析，原词再现多正确。

复读反思再核实，时间分秒必珍惜！

2015上海高考英语试题及答案

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高考英语全国卷

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A．Do some exercise. B．Go shopping. C． Wash her clothes. 2．Why does the woman call the man? A ．To cancel a flight. B． To make an apology. C． To put off a meeting. 3．How much more does David need for the car? A．$ 5,000. B．$20,000. C．$25,000. 4．What is Jane doing? A．Planning a tour. B．Calling her father. C．Asking for leave. 5 ．How does the man feel? A．Tied. B．Dizzy. C．Thirsty. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Jack want to do? A. Watch TV. B. Play outside. C. Go to the zoo. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a cinema. C. In a supermarket. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Richard do?

2014年高考英语试题及答案全国卷2

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During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them

2015年高考英语 全国卷·新课标I卷英语试题与答案

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