直接引语间接引语

新课标高一英语语法项目

I.直接引语和间接引语

讲解部分：

引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（Direct Speech），即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语（Indirect Speech），即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。

一、直接引语变间接引语

A．陈述句的间接引语

直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。

The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我：我很喜欢北京。

→The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他（她）很喜欢北京。She said,We are very fond of sports. 她说：我们都喜欢体育运动。

→She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他（她）们都喜欢体运动。

I'll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said. 他说：我将把语法课再复习一遍。

→He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。（that 可省略）

B．疑问句的间接引语

1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句

一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn't know等。句末不用问号。

My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗？

→My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。

You haven't been to Beijing, have you asked he. 他问：你没去过北，是吗？

→He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 他问我是否去过北京。

2．否定的一般疑问句和选择问句

如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether or 连接。

She said, Don't you know my telephone number 她说：你难道不知道我的电话号码吗？

→She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not. 她问我是知道她的电话号码。

Do you like this one or that one Tom asked. 汤姆问：你是喜欢这个还是那个？

→Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one. 汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。

3．特殊疑问句

间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须

用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。

He asked, How do you like it 他问：你觉得怎样？

→He asked me how I liked it. 他问我觉得它怎样。

She asked me, What's the matter with you 她问我：你怎么啦？

→She asked me what was the matter with me. 她问我我怎么啦。

How many books do you have she asked. 她问：你有多少本书？

→She asked me how many books I had. 她问我有多少本。

4.其它

英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句变为间接引语时，往往采用其他的形式。

①．suggest doing

Shall we all go to the film tonight said Michael. 迈克尔说：我们今晚都去看电影，好吗？

→Michael suggested going to the film tonight. 迈克尔建议今晚都去看电影。

What about having a drink he asked. 他问：喝杯怎么样？

He suggested having a drink. 他建议喝一杯。

②．advise sb to do

Why don't you go hiking asked James. 詹姆士问：你为什么不徒步旅行？

James advised me to go hiking. 詹姆士建议我去徒步旅行。

③. offer to do

He said, Would you like me to post the letter 他说：你要我寄信吗？

He offered to ost the letter. 他主动提出寄信。

④．ask sb to do

Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow she said to me. 她对我说：劳驾你明天把你的参考书带来好吗？

→She asked me to take my reference book there the next day. 她让我第二天把我的参考书带去。

C．祈使句的间接引语

1．直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定式）。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。She said to me, Please have a rest. 她对我说：请休息一下。

→She asked me to have a rest. 她要求我休息一下。

Don't all answer at once, she said to the pupils. 她对学生说：大家不要齐声回答。→She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 她叫学生不要齐声回答。

2．带有let的祈使句（表示请求，建议或命令），可用suggest + -ing形式或suggest +that从句来表示其相应的意思。

Let's go for a walk, said the girl. 那姑娘说，让我们去散散步吧。

→The girl suggested going for a walk. 这女孩建议去散散步。

The teacher sai, Let Lily tidy the classroom. 老师说：让莉莉整理教室。

→The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom. 老师建议让莉莉整理教室。

D．感叹句的间接引语

1．直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时，多采用宾语从句结构，既可用what或how引导，也可用that引导。

What a clever boy you are!my teacher said to him. 老师对他说，你是个聪明的孩子啊！

→My teacher told him what a clever boy he was. 老师对他说他是一个多聪明的孩子啊。

→My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy. 老师说他是一个非常聪明的孩子。

He said, How well you look! 他说：你看起来气色多好啊！

→He said how well I looked. 他说我看起来是气色多好啊。

→He said that I ooked very well. 他说我看起来气色很好。

2．有些感叹句可以根据原句的意思，采用适当的动词变为陈述句，不需用间接宾语来转述。Help! he cried. 他喊到：救命啊！

→He called for help. 他大声呼救。

What terrible weather it is!he said. 他说：多么糟糕的天气！

→He complained about the terrible weather. 他抱怨这糟糕的天气。

Happy Chrismas! he said. 他说：圣诞快乐！

He wished me a happy Christmas. 他祝我圣诞快乐。

二、间接引语中的词语变化

直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语以及主谓语词序往往要作相应的变化。

A．时态的变化

1．时态的变化

①现在时间推移到过去时间

直接引语中的时态

一般现在时

现在完成时

现在进行时

现在完成进行时

间接引语中的时态

一般过去时

过去完成时

过去进行时

过去完成进行时

The old man said, I have lived in this street since 1960.

→The old man said that he had lived in that street since 1960. 那老人说他自从196年起就住在那条街上了。

He said, Is it raining →He asked if it was raining. 他问是不是正在下雨。

②过去时间推移到过去的过去

直接引语中的时态

一般过去时

过去完成时

过去进行时

间接引语中的时态

过去完成时

过去完成时（不变）

过去完成进行时或不变

She said to me, I wrote a letter to my parents three days ago.

→She told me that she had written a letter to her parents three days before.她告诉我她三天前已给她母亲写了一封信。

What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday he asked

→He asked me what I was doing at seven p.m. the day before. 他问我前一天晚上七点在干什么。

③将来时间推移到过去将来时间

直接引语中的时态

一般将来时

isamare going to do

isamare to do

间接引语中的时态

过去将来时

waswere going to do

waswere to do

He said, We shall get ready by eight o'clock.

→He said that they ould get ready by eight o'clock. 他说他们将在8点前准备好。

We are to meet at the school gate, she said to me.

→Sh told me that they were to meet at the school gate. 她告诉我他们约定在校门口见面。

④间接引语中保持原来时态不变

在下列情况下，间接引语中的谓语动词时态可以保持不变。

a. 主句为现在时或将来时，间接引语的时态保持不变。

He thinks, She will be back in a month.

→He thinks she will be back in a month. 他想她将在一个月后回来。

He says, I have accepted her invitation.

He says he has accepted her invitation. 他说他已接受了她的邀请。

比较：

间接引语中的谓语动词时态对比。

Sarah said to me,I have two brothers. 莎莎对我说：“我有两个弟弟。”

Sarah told me that she has two brothers. 莎莎告诉我说她有两个弟弟。（说话才认为这情况是真实的）Sarah told me that she had two brothers. 莎拉告诉我说她有两个弟弟。（说话者对此没有什么把握）b. 间接引语表示的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、客观事实、格言等。

The geography teacher said to the students, The earth moves round the sun.

→Th geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun. 老师告诉学生地球围绕

太阳转。

He said, Every dog has his day.

→He said that every dog has his day. 他说是人皆有出头日。

c. 间接引语中动词表示的动作说话时仍在进行或状态仍然存在，时态可保持不变。

He said,The window is brokn.

→He said that the window is broken.他说玻璃窗碎了。

Just now Brown said, My son is ill today.

→Brown told me just now that his son is ill today. 布朗刚才告诉我说，他儿子今天病了。

d. 间接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，仍可用一般过去时，不必改为过去完成时。

The girl said, Iwas born in 1978.

→The girl said that she was born in 1978.那女孩说她生于1978年。

She said, My teacher was busy yesterday.

→She said that her teacher was busy yesterday. 她说她老师昨天很忙。

2．情态动词的变化

情态动词在间接引语中都可以改为过去式，must表示必、推测、禁止等意思时，可不变；表示必须时可不变，也可用had to 或would have to。

The senior said, All men must die.

→The senior said that all men must die. 那老者说人总是要死的。

She said, I must go to see the doctor tomorrow afternoon.

→She saidshe mustwould have to go to see the doctor the next afternoon. 她说第二天下午她一定得去看医生。

He said to me, We used to go there every year.

→He toldme that they used to come here every year. 他对我说他们过去每年都来这里。（used to在间接引语中不变）

B．代词的变化

1．人称代词的变化

①当主句的主语是第一人称时，引语中的人称代词不变。

I said, You did quite well in the exam yesterday.

→I said that you had done quite well in the exam the day before.我说你那天考得不错。

②直接引语中主语是第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与主句中的主语的人称一致。

He said to Tom, I'll do my best to catch up with others.

→He told Tom that he would do his best to catch up with others. 他告诉汤姆他将尽他所能赶上其他人。

③直接引语中主语是第二人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称和主句的宾语相一致。

He said to her, Where did you put the glasses

→He asked her where she had put the glasses. 他问她，她把杯子放哪儿了。

提示：

如果主句中无宾语，应根据语境或想象，自添适当的宾语；如果直接引语中有呼语，则将其改为间接引语的宾语。

Mother asked, Where have you been

→Moher asked me where I had been. 母亲问我去哪儿了。

Why are you late again, John the teacher asked.

→The teacher asked John why he was late again. 老师问约翰为什么他又迟到。

④直接引语中主语是第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。

He said to Tom, She can help them.

→He told Tom that she could help them. 他告诉汤姆她能够帮助他们。

2．物主代词的变化

You should not overlook your fault, Mum said to me.

→Mum told me that I should not overlook my fault. 妈妈对我说我不应该忽略我的缺点。

The two boys said, We have lost ur dog.

→The two boys said they had lost their dog. 这两个男孩说他们的狗丢了。

3．指示代词的变化

直接引语中的指示代词

this

these

间接引语中的指示代词

that

those

She said, This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.

→She said that that wa the house in which Lu Xun had once lived. 她说那是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

I bought these flowers for you, Jane said.

Jane said that she had bought those flowers for me. 简说那些花是她为我买的。

I grow these tomatoes myself, he said.

→He aid that he grew those tomatoes himself. 他说那些胡萝卜是他自己种的。

C．时间和地点状语的变化

1．时间状语的变化

He said, I spoke to them yesterday.

→He said that h had spoken to them the day before. 他说他前一天跟他们讲过话了。

The student said,We have learned about 3,000 English words so far.

→The student said that they had learned about 3,000 English words by then. 那学生说到那时为止他们已学会了3,000个英语单词。

2．地点状语的变化

当直接引语变间引语时，地点状语here通常变为there。但如果说话人所在地点就是引述人所在地点，那么仍然使用here.

Come here, please, he said.

→He asked me to come here. 他叫我到这里来。（引述人地点不变）

→He asked me to go there. 他叫我到那里去。（引述人地点发生变化）

Here she burst out into a flood of tears, he said to me.

→He told me that she had burst out into a flood of tears there. 他告诉我说，谈到那个地方她就放声大哭了起来。

练习部分：

I. 请选出正确的答案：

1. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked.

→She asked ________.

A. if I have already got well, ha dn’t you

B. whether I had already got well

C. have I already got well

D. had I already got well.

2. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”

→He asked me _________.

A. am I a Party member or a League member

B. was I a Party member or a League member

C. if I was a Party member or a League member

D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.

3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______.

A. how am I getting along

B. how are you getting along

C. how I was getting along

D. how was I getting along

4. He asked me ________ with me.

A. what the matter is

B. what the mater was

C. what’s the matter

D. what was the matter

5. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again.

A. said to me; not to do

B. said to me; don’t do

C. told me; don’t do

D. told me; not to do

6. Can you make sure ___________?

A. that he will come here today

B. when he will come here today

C. will he come here today

D. whether will he come here today

7. Do you happen to know ________?

A. where is her address

B. in which place is her address

C. what her address is

D. the place her address is

8. Excuse me, but can you tell me ___________?

A. where can I get to the library

B. where I can get to the library

C. how can I get to the library

D. how I can get to the library

9. John asked me _______ to visit his uncle’s farm with him.

A. how would I like

B. if or not would I like

C. whether I would like

D. which I would like

10. I’d like to know ________ Chinese.

A. when he began to learn

B. when did he begin to learn

C. when did he begin learning

D. for how long he began to learn

II. 将下列句子变为间接引语：

1. “You should be more careful next time,” his father said to him.

2. Mr. Wang said, “I will leave for Shanghai on business next month, children”

3. “I haven’t heard from my parents these days,” said Mary.

4. The geography teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.”

5. She said to him, “It’s time that you left here.”

6. Zhang Hong said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.”

7. John said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of

last term.”

8. The history teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st , 1921.”

9. He said, “Are you a student?”

10. “Have you anything interesting I can read, George?” she said.

11. “She’s here to ask for help, isn’t she?” he asked.

12. “Where are you going?” the father asked his son.

13. “Are you sorry for what you have done?” the mother asked the naughty boy.

14. She said, “Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago, Mr. Li?”

15. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us.

16. “Please come here again tomorrow,” her friend said to her.

17. “Let me pack the parcel for you,” he said.

18. “Don’t make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the teacher.

19. “What a lovely day it is!”

20. “Happy New Year to you!” he said.

III. 把下列句子变为直接引语：

1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.

2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.

3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.

4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.

5. The stranger asked me what my name was.

6. She said that she would finish her work the next day.

7. The teacher asked if we could do it.

8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn.

9. My teacher asked whether he was coming.

10. The scientist asked me what I was doing.

答案

I. 1~5 B C C D D 6~10 A C D C A

II.

1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.

2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.

3. Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days.

4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.

5. She told him that it was time that he left there.

6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.

7. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.

8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 192

9. He asked whether I was a student.

10. She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read.

11. He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not.

12. The father asked his son where he was going.

13. The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done.

14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that man at the station two hours before.

15. The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first.

16. Her friend asked her to go there again the next/ following day.

17. He offered to pack the parcel for me.

18. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.

19. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.

20. He wished me a Happy New Year.

III.

1. I said to him, “I have lost my money . I will find it.”

2. She asked , “ You will be free tomorrow, won’t you?”

3. I asked her, “Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow?”

4. His father said, “Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat.”

5. The stranger asked, “What’s your name?”

6. “I’ll finish my work tomorrow,” she said.

7. The teacher asked, “Can you do it ?”

8. The commander ordered his men, “Don’t cross the river before dawn.”

9. My teacher asked, “Is he coming?”

10. The scientist asked me, “What are you doing?”

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]知识讲解

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句） 一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语， 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语） 主句从句主句从句 二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化. （一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ★（二）．时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. (三)．时间状语变化 ★(四)．连接词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 注意： 1. 语序不变的有：What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you? 但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变 1）从句中有or / or not 。例：she asks whether he stayed 。 2.只用 whether 2）与不定式to do 连用。例：I can’t decide whether to tell him the news 3) 在介词后。例：they are talking about whether they can afford the new house 用法是有区别的，但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whether ★3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。

直接引语变间接引语口诀

直接引语变间接引语口诀 在初中英语中直接引语变为间接引语对于学生们来说也是一个难点，因为需要变化的内容很多，这儿有一个关于直接引语变间接引语的口诀，帮助大家来记忆。 直接引语变间接引语口诀： 直引若是一般问，变间if\whether连。语序变为陈述式，时态人称相应变。 直引若是特殊问，疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单，一切只当一般问。 直引若是祈使句，谓语动词挺要紧。 told\asked\ordered,根据口气来选定。 告诉人、请人、命令人，后跟to do sth.。若是否定祈使句, not to do后边行。 直接引语变间接引语的人称变化: 一主二宾三不变. 直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。 附直接引语变间接引语的详细介绍： 直接引语就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法 如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。主句中如果有say to somebody （对某人说），通常变为tell somebody （告诉某人）。 He said, “I get on well with people here.” →He said that he got on well with people there. Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”

间接引语变直接引语练习

句型变换：（直接引语、间接引语） 姓名： 一、把直接引语改写成间接引语。 1、郑洁悄悄地告诉小勇说：“这件事是我和小刚一起做的。” 2、志愿军战士深情地说：“老妈妈，难道我们会把您忘怀吗？” 3、王飞对李林说：”请你回去时给个信给我妈，说我今天稍微迟一些回家。” 4、王宁说：“我要像李永那样关心集体。” 5、老师对小明说：“我看了你的作文很满意。” 6、小军在电话中对我说：“下个月我一定到你那儿玩。” 7、他想了想说：“我们哪里有近道，还不是和你们一条道。” 8、贝多芬说：“不，我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 9、爸爸对我说：“今晚我要开会，你和妈妈早点吃饭，别等我。” 10、周瑜长叹一声，说：“诸葛亮神机妙算，我真不如他。”

11、山姆握着珊迪的手说：“我会永远照顾你的。” 12、张林告诉我：“要是星期日下雨，我们就不去看电影。” 13、贝多芬说：“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 14、小红说：“今天下午学校组织到野外活动，我必须参加。” 15、王宁说：“我要像李宁那样关心集体。” 16、雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 17、李楠小声告诉我：“我家在少年宫附近。” 18、小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 19、老师对王芳说：“学校让你明天出席小学生座谈会。” 20、妈妈对我说：“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 21、爸爸说：“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭，我有事。”

22、一个同学对我说：“借我一只笔。” 23、我看祖父还在笑，就说：“你不信，我到屋里拿来给你看。” 25、爸爸感冒了，他说：“明天我要去医院看病。” 26、他说：“我明天去电影院看电影。” 27、姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。” 28、张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 29、雷锋对大嫂说：“我送你一程吧！” 30、老师解释说：“梦里飞行，说明你们是在长身体呀。”

直接引语和间接引语句子训练

直接引语和间接引语句子训练（转述句和陈述句）： 1.直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话，因此，直接引语改为间接引语时，说话人即第一人称“ 我”要改为第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”。如：张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 改：张童告诉我，他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 2.当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。如：姐姐对我说：“ 你说得对，我就这样做。” 改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做。上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。还应注意，冒号和引号前的内容不变。 3.间接引语改为直接引语，第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”应改为第一人称“ 我”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。如：老班长告诉我们，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。改：老班长对我们说：“ 我没有完成任务，没把你们照顾好。” 特例： 1.小华对小强说：“你明天把钢笔还给我。” 小华对小强说，他明天把钢笔还给小强。 2.妹妹对爸爸说：“哥哥让我转告你，它晚上有事不回来吃饭了。” 妹妹告诉爸爸，哥哥说他晚上有事不回来吃饭了。 3.老师对小丽说：“你知道自己表现得最出色吗？” 老师对小丽说，她的表现很最出色。 1. 小红军对陈赓说：“我还要等我的同伴呢。” 2. 老师对我说：“我教你怎么写。” 3. 雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 4. 李楠小声告诉我：“我家在少年宫附近。” 5. 小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 6. 老师对王芳说：“学校让你明天出席区小学生座谈会。” 7. 罗蒙诺索夫摇摇头对爸爸说：“我也要一本书！” 8. 雷锋对大嫂说：“我送你一程吧！” 9. 小鸟对青蛙说：“朋友，不信请你跳出井口看一看！” 10. 有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说：“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢！” 11. 老师说：“你今天放学之前必须完成作业。” 12. 有句俗话说：“磨刀不误砍柴工。” 13. 楚王瞅了他一眼，冷笑一声，说：“难道齐国没有人了吗？” 14. 他惊讶地说：“原来是你！” 15. 妈妈对我说：“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 1 6. 爸爸说：“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭，我有事。” 17. 一个同学对我说：“借我一只笔。” 18. 外婆问我：“你在干什么？”

英语语法-如何把直接引语转换为间接引语

如何把直接引语转换为间接引语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that ．．．．引导，很多时候可省略that。例如： She said, "I am very happy to help you." →She said she was very happy to help me. She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.” →She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day. She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.” →She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years. She said, “ I am reading a book now.” →She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment. John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday” →John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether ．．．．．．．或if．．（是否）引导。先把直接引语变为陈述句语序，再放在whether或if后面。例如： He asked me, "Do you like playing football?" → →He asked me whether/if I liked playing football. He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”

直接引语改为间接引语的变化

直接引语改为间接引语的变化 1.人称的变化。其规律为：一从主，二从宾，三不变。具体为： （1）如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。 如：Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→ Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past. （2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。 如：He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” → He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab. （3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称，变化时，该人称保持不变。 如：Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→ Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework. 2.时态的变化。 （1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。 如：Mary says,“I we nt to see the movie yesterday.” →Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.” （2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。 a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时 d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。 3.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化，变 4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。 （1）.陈述句改为间接引语时，常用动词said, told，连词that,多被省略。 如：Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→ Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night. Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” → Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore. （2）.一般疑问句常用if或whether来将其改为间接引语（选择疑问句只能用whether），常用ask来引述，可以加间接宾语。语序为陈述语序。 如：She said,“Could I copy your homework?” → She asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework. She said,“Is this book yours or hers?” →

直接引语和间接引语用法大全

直接引语和间接引语（Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。 例如：Mr Black said, “I'm busy” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语） Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）John said, "I'm going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语） John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语） 1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中或不引起歧义时常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。 不能省略that的情况 1.1）会产生歧义（Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, the train had already left.琳达很失望地说，她到达车站时火车已经开走了。（如不用that，when状语从句既可以理解为修饰said, 又可以理解为修饰had left） 1.2）当引述动词后面不止跟一个that引导的从句时，第二个that不能省略。 He said (that) he was leaving for Europe the next week and that he would stay there for half a year. 他说他下周要到欧洲去并在那里呆半年。（第二个that不能省略） 直接引语变间接引语有着时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语的变化。间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。 He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than him. 从句的谓语动词可用直接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如： He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”——> He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that）此外主句中的谓语还常有： repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如： He said，“I'm late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic. 如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。 The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——> The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon. 1）人称的变化 顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化,如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

直接引语变间接引语的用法

2014望子成龙学校暑假班八年级英语讲义 直接引语变间接引语的用法 She said. "My brother wants to go with me."(直接引语，即直接用“”把说话者所说的话引用) She said her brother wanted to go with her.（间接引语，即通过说话人与听话人之外的人称也就是第三人称转述成一个宾语从句） 一、如何变人称:下面有一句顺口溜“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”。 He said to me . "My brother wants to go with me."（He said .为主句，he 为主句的主语;me 为主句的宾语，"My brother wants to go with me."为直接引语，将要变成间接引语即宾语从句） “一随主”是指在直接引语中有第一人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接引语要变成与主句中主语的人称相应的代词。如： He said. "My brother wants to go with me ." →He said his brother wanted to go with him. 说明：①my 是直接引语中的一人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 相一致的形容词性物主代词，即his;②me 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词宾格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 一致的人称代词宾格,即him “二随宾”是指直接引语中有第二人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时，变成间接引语要变成与主句中宾语的人称相应的代词。如： He says to Kate. "I am your sister ?" →He tells Kate he is her sister 。 说明：①I 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词主格，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中的主语he 相一致的人称代词主格，即he;②your 是直接引语中的二人称单数的形容词性物主代词，所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中宾语Kate 一致的形容词性物主代词，即her. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语中的三人称的代词变成间接引语时不需要改变人称。如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker 。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker 。（Jack 是三人称，变成间接引语时依然是Jack 。） 二、如何变时态： 1、当主句为一般现在时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态不变，依然用直接引语的时态。如： Lily says to us,"I will go to America with you "→Lily tells us that she will go to America with us. 2、当主句为一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语的时态要做相应的调整，用成相应的过去时态。如： 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so.

直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)

直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)

直接引语和间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。 人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。 例 如： 1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”→He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “Do you know the man over there?” M ary said to Tom. →Mary asked Tom if he knew the man ov er there. 3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her school bag at home.” →Jim told me that Jane had left her sc hoolbag at home.

2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时过去将来时 一般将来进行时过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时过去将来完成时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。”

直接引语变间接引语练习题(整理)

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直接引语变间接引语专项练习题(答案)

直接引语变间接引语专项练习题 一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词： 1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper. 2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.” The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He told me that he _______ met her the day _______. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I _______ to go _______ before five. 7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said. She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______. 8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said. He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he a sked. He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______. 13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet. 14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said. She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.

谈谈直接引语和间接引语

结合新目标人教版八年级英语下册Unit4 谈谈直接引语和间接引语 山东省东营市利津县汀罗镇第一中学张树梓邮编257452 1．首先同学们先从概念上理解直接引语和间接引语： 直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语前后加引号，间接引语不必加。现用课本中的句子解释如下： 直接引语：Marcia said, “She is having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.” Lana said, “I?m mad at Marcia.” 间接引语： Marcia said that she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Lana said that she was mad at Marcia. 2. 变直接引语为间接引语的方法： （1）直接引语的主语是第一人称，改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称，如： Lana said, “I?m mad at Marcia.” Lana said that she was mad at Marcia. 注：若直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，可以把that 省略。

（2）若主语谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语要调整时态。列表如下： 通过上表，同学们可以了解Grammar Focus中直接引语与间接引语的变化方式了，如下： 注：若直接引语部分是一种客观事实时，时态不变，如：

The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun. 该为间接引语：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. (3) 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。列表如下： (4) 若直接引语为一般疑问句（即倒装语序，改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序，而且要用连词if或whether。如本单元Self—check部分中的第二题中的“She asked me if she could copy my homework.”就是由直接引语“She asked me, …can I

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直接引语和间接引语用法讲解

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直接引语变间接引语超级经典归纳

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句） 一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语， 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语）主句主句从句 二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词， 其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化. （一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ★（二）．时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。 3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.

(三) ★(四)．连接词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that 或将that 省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if 或whether 。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who 为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他