大学体验英语unit 5_book 3

大学体验英语unit 5,book 3

Idiom---succession of words whose meaning is not obvious through knowledge of the individual meanings of the constituent words but must be learnt as a whole. Few words but rich meaning is characteristic of idioms. For example: How do you do? as good as gold真乖cut no ice不起作用at large未被捕的

Give him an inch and he will take an ell.The spririt is willing but the flesh is weak.The grass is always greener on the other side of the hill.Handsome is as handsome does行为漂亮才是真漂亮.The days of our years are three score years and ten.人生七十古来稀。A contented mind is a perpetual feast.知足常乐practice makes perfect 熟能生巧Great minds think alike. Lovers’ quarrels are soon mended. Ill news comes apace..Who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.近朱者赤，近墨者黑The tailor makes the man.Constant dripping wears the stone.Like father,like son.Man proposes,God disposes.Seeing is believing.Fishing in troubled waters. The onlooker sees most of the game..It’s a flash in the pan.昙花一现Kill two birds with one stone.Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs杀鸡取卵have something at one’s fingers’ ends—He had at his fingers’ends all the regulations that were required for the business.了如指掌.What’s done is done.木已成舟.There is no smoke without fire..Strike while the iron is hot.Walls have ears.隔墙有耳.It’s six of

one and half a dozen of the other.半斤八两Fine feathers make fine birds.佛要金装，人要衣装New brooms sweep clean/A new broom sweeps clean新官上任三把火。It never rains but it pours祸不单行（Things are）at sixes and sevens乱七八糟Hit the nail on the head 一针见血。

Proverb---popular short saying, with words of advice of warning. For example: .sing different songs on different mountains.到什么山上唱什么歌.All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.It’s like a turtle on its back自身难保Let bygone be bygone..It’s up side down 乱七八糟They are birds of a feather物以类聚She is the apple of her father’s eye掌上明珠it’s a dog in a(the) manger（马槽, 牛槽）.占着茅坑不拉屎Bury one’s head in the sand掩耳盗铃。Make a come-back东山再起cast pearls before swine（猪）对牛弹琴go to the devil见鬼去put the cart before the horse本末倒置he is a(the) black sheep害群之马A miss is as good as a mile差之毫厘，谬之千里It’s too late to lock the stable door when the horse has been stolen马后炮，太晚了we are all in the same boat.同舟共济。Once bitten, twice shy. A fly in the ointment一粒老鼠屎搅坏一锅汤give a dog a bad name and hang him欲加之罪，何患无辞he is (it’s) penny wise and pound foolish捡了芝麻，丢了西瓜love me, love my dog爱屋及乌everyone (is) for himself and the devil take the hindmost人不为己，天诛地灭sit on the fence// run with the hare

and hunt with the hounds(猎犬) 脚踏两只船it’s no good sitting on the fence. Out of sight,out of mind.眼不见为净。First come,first served//The early bird catches the worm捷足先登.At the end of one’s resources// at one’s wits’ end山穷水尽think twice before you leap(act). You can hardly open your mouth without talking shop.三句不离本行。The cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice. Watching the stump and waiting for a hare.守株待兔That’s imitating the Frowner’ with a vengeance (复仇, 报仇)东施效颦Of the thirty-six plans the best is to get away at once. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.三个和尚没水吃.Speak of the devil and he will appear说到曹操，曹操就到。Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.. Birds of a feather flock together人以群分。A girl changes 18 times before reaching womanhood.女大十八变. Not even good officials can settle family troubles清官难断家务事。The rice is already cooked. Even the grandest feast must have an end.天下无不散之筵席。You can know a man’s face but not his heart.

Background Information

1 远程教育的发展现状

从国内开办网上教学的站点数量看，网上教学作为现代远程教学的一种重要形式，正显示出强劲的生命力。学校上网成为已成为一种趋势，在互联网上开办远程教学，既可以提高学校的知名度，又可以推动已有的教学资源上网，让全国各地乃至国外的学生能够接受到最先进的教学方法和更丰富的教学资源，提高国内教学的整体质量和效益。

特别是自1998年以来，教育部先后批准清华大学、北京邮电大学、浙江大学、湖南大学等37所高等学校进行现代远程教育试点。在教育部的直接领导下，经过试点学校的共同努力，远程教育试点工作取得了显著成绩。试点学校对具有中国特色的，基于计算机网络、电

信网络和卫星电视网络资源环境的远程教育进行了多方面的积极探索，开发了一批基于上述网络环境的远程教育资源，对推动远程教育的发展起了重要作用。远程教育的学科层次覆盖范围从专科、本科直到研究生，涉及到的专业种类也很多，主要以科技或经济含量较高的专业为主,因为这些专业的市场需求量大，具有较大社会经济价值。从招生形式上看，除少数大学是从普通高考中招生的外，其他学校采取成人高考、本校命题等多种形式招生，电大则采取了相应学历免试入学的形式招生，试点以来这些学校的生源普遍比较好，至今累计共招收远程学习学生近10万人。试点院校都比较重视质量和管理问题，建立了集中进行远程教学和教学管理的专门机构，较好地协调了校内教学、教学管理和技术支持部门之间的关系。从利用的技术平台来看，这些高校都利用计算机网络来开展远程教育，并且采用各种各样的传输方式。学生的学习方式包括基于WWW浏览器自主学习，通过BBS讨论和利用Email 进行交互。此外，清华和北大采用卫星电视网络和有线电视网进行视频传输来实现课程点播，北邮采用了中国电信的宽带多媒体公众电信网，浙大和东南大学采用类似的广电网SDH进行双向实时授课。人大的远程教学全部通过计算机网络和多媒体课件进行的。从交互技术上看，各校分别通过DDN专线、VSAT卫星、ISDN专线、PSTN可视电话和普通电话进行了双向实时视音频交互的试验教学，并对通过计算机网络进行的非实时交互教学进行了积极的探索。

在远程教育的资金投入方面，除中央政府和地方政府对卫星电视网络、电信网络和计算机网络的硬件以及部分实验性的资源建设投入外，现代远程教育试点的投入主要依靠各试点学校自筹资金。在合作形式方面，有高校之间的联合，有高校与信息产业部门之间的合作，有高校与公司之间的合作等。

2。What is Distance Education

Distance Education is instructional delivery that does not constrain the student to be physically present in the same location as the instructor.Historically, Distance Education meant correspondence study. Today, audio, video, and computer technologies are more common delivery modes. Every form of learning favors a certain set of skills. Millions of people have rejected traditional education in favor of E-learning. And many universities have set up E-learning centers.Online-learning enrollments are growing 33 percent a year and are expected to hit 2.2 million by 2004, according to International Data Corp. It is certainly true that life online is inescapable. Colleges that have invested a great deal in online learning have often discovered that the extra work for the teachers has been more than they expected. However, online education is quite new, and in the future the author’s optimistic predictions may all come true. Online education is cheaper and more convenient than classroom-based learning. Time and money are saved on travel, classroom space, books, etc. Almost anyone can take almost any class whenever they wish. Access to much information and to teachers or classmates is quick and easy. So the increase of online education is certain to occur.

3．远程教育存在的问题

目前，网上教学正呈现出迅速发展的态势，但是还存在以下一些亟待解决的问题。

1）计算机普及程度偏低是目前最大的障碍。没有广泛的计算机应用基础，就不可能使教育真正进入互联网；同时上网人数又是网上教学赖以生存发展的基础，这也是目前当网上学校数量增多后，市场风险加大的缘故。

（2）远程教育并不是简单的利用网络提供学习的概念，而是包含了一系列标准化的技术和管理手段在内的综合解决方案。目前很多教育站点都提供了各自的教学内容，但是由于技

术标准不统一，造成了信息交换的巨大障碍。因此，很多教育网站自行其事，不能形成一套完整的全国性的远程教育体系，阻碍了远程教育社会化的深入发展。

3）宽带多媒体电信网等基础建设的质量有待提高。目前，我国的电信网络建设的规模还远远不能适应广大用户的需要，要扩大远程教育，必须加大基础设施的投资力度。

4）网络学习的质量保证问题。在网络学习环境中，许多学习活动都属于教师的职责范围以外，使得教育者的控制能力大大削弱。学生自主学习意味着学生将管理自己的学习活动，但教育机构却有责任去影响和保证学生的学习质量。这并非意味着教师要控制并决定学生的一切学习活动。他们应该为学生提供使用学习设施的机会并引导和帮助他们提高学习效率。并且在网络环境中，学生们一起学习、讨论。在这样的相互合作中，几乎没有竞争。同学间的这些支持或教导有时很有意义，然而有时起不到效果，甚至起到相反的作用。

5）网上教学的资源相对不足，交互式技术媒体的作用与功能没有得到充分发挥。教师的重视程度普遍不高，并缺乏相应的激励机制予以引导。此外还需要进一步解决远程教育的应试问题，既要保证质量控制，又要简化操作，提高效率。

以上这些问题是事关远程教育质量和效益的重大问题。而解决这个问题的关键还是教育观念和对远程教育客观规律的认识问题。远程教育虽然与其他教育方式有些类似，但其教学环境和传统的课堂教育有本质上的差别。因此，需要研究和使用与传统教育不同的教育方法和技巧，并应着手解决远程教育的学习观、媒体观和质量效益观等教育理论和观念，促使远程教育能增强适应性，并且高效、高质量地展开。

When education is mentioned, we can easily think of schools, colleges and young people. There are still many people who believe that education is to finish high school or college. Some people just regard it as a job-secured means. With the fast development of the world, it is not enough for us. We may find it more and more difficult to find a job that meet our needs, or even an ordinary one.In result, education is so important in modern society that it can be viewed as a lifelong process. Why? Firstly, it’s the requirement of fast-developing society to receive education despite of your age. Secondly, education can shape human characters and moralities. Through education, youth may learn

how to make contributions to the world. lastly, people have to learn some necessary skills such as basic computer operation and the techniques of communication with others on the Internet. As a saying goes “it is never too late to learn.”Continuing education refers to any type of post-secondary education, used to either obtain additional certifications, or as credits required to maintain a license. More and more companies are now paying for continuing education for their workers.

The Concepts of Lifelong Education ---University study isn’t just for school leavers. The university culture is changing, with more and more people studying later in life. And it’s a great way to get to know new https://www.wendangku.net/doc/187665257.html,cation is a powerful tool — a tool you can use to shape your life and the world in which you live. By making university study more accessible and achievable, continuing education programs place the tools of knowledge and learning within reach. So the story of your education doesn’t stop here. It’s only just beginning. Lifelong learning sees citizens provided with learning opportunities at all ages and in numerous contexts: at work, at home and through leisure activities, not just through formal channels such as school and higher education.

Lifelong education is a pedagogy教育学，教授法often accomplished through distance learning or e-learning, continuing education, homeschooling or correspondence courses函授.Since the implementation of the concept of lifelong education has been caused by the response from developed countries，Japan and Europe and the United States and other countries have the life-long education as the focus of education reform, lifelong education, education has become an important trend. The entrance examination of continuing education for workers began in 1978.But at that time, all school’s entrance examination’s forms were different. Schools should make their own study plan, prepare examination papers and recruit new students by themselves. In 1985,government united the examination’s outline, topic and time. From then on, the entrance examination of continuing education for workers have become an important event in our country. Today, examinees who want to take this examination should prepare it by themselves.They can go to night school when they have leisure time. The examination begins in October every year. Everybody, especially those who want to continue their education can take this examination. However, this examination has many problems right now. Since in 1998 when the normal colleges and universities have

expanded the number of students，less students prefer to go to the adults school. For that reason, some school lower the recruitment standards constantly. What’s worse, some local governments connive默许；共谋；纵容cheating in order to attract examinees. So how to improve our entrance examination of continuing education for workers is our big problem now. Since 1960’s, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ---UNESCO) and other relevant international organization have put great effort on the spreading and popularization of lifelong--education. Now, lifelong--education has become an extremely vital educational notion which is widely spread around the world. Many foreign countries have legislated for the preservation of lifelong--education, for instance, Korea had put lifelong-education as one part of its constitution. Besides, Germany, Sweden and Canada also put forward relevant laws to support lifelong-education. Moreover, many countries have taken efficient measures in order to guarantee the spread of lifelong-education. They change the former structures of the university and open it to the society, which provides more learning opportunities for the working people. What you need to do is to apply for the school admission and pass the entrance examination, so you can enter into the university. Adult

education in China includes entrance examination of continuing education and examination for self-taught students. There is no limitation for self-taught students to apply for the continued education. But the graduation examination is strict, so you must devote more time to your study. On the opposite side of the self-taught students, the continuing education has an entrance examination for students who want to apply for it. But it is easier to graduate and get a diploma. There are quite a lot differences between normal higher education and adult education, though they are both admitted by the China government. As far as the companies are concerned, the degree of normal higher education is more available than adult education.

Learning---We can learn anything in many ways. For example, as a student, you can learn in the school or

read books that you borrowed from the library or you bought from a shop. We should choose the

way of learning according to our personal interest. Continuing education can take the form of workshops, seminars, home-study or online courses, conferences, or hands-on training. There is no specific format or length for a continuing education program: some may

take a weekend, while others can spend weeks or even months. Distance learning used to be considered the dim cousin of “real” class-work, but now it has become a prominent spot of education. Even Harvard has added an online element to its curriculum.

Learning English via the Internet ----Being online is no longer something strange in our life. To some degree, it has become part of our daily life. With the quick development of both society and technology, we can do a lot of things online within such a short period of time, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near.Why could online education be so popular within such a short p eriod of time? Among other reasons, the quick development of the in ternet should be an essential one, which makes all our dreams of atte nding class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today,modern s cience and technology is developing with lightening speed. To catch up with this development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to st udy. However, due to the great pace of modern society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just come s to their aid.

Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a hel

pful complement to the traditional educational means. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all,with online education, we can sick to our jobs and at the same time study and absorb the latest knowledge.There is a true story about my friend's mother. His mother is a middle age woman. After her retirement, she leads a peaceful life like many other old people, but she would like to find something else to do to kill her free time. His mother chooses to learn computer. She learns many things, such as typewriting, office2003 and flash. Though these things are too hard for a 50-year-old woman, she doesn't give up .She learns slowly and works hard on it. And now, she can turn on the computer to get on the Internet all by herself. She thinks that she has the need to learn new things to catch up with the times. We can draw a conclusion from the phenomena about this middle-age woman that continuing study makes people's life more interesting. Learning English via the Internet ---The Internet provides excellent sources for learning English. Most information on the Internet is presented in English. You can get the latest reports on the events all over the world as well as the other information useful to your work or study. However, you should choose the materials you find quite easy to read. Difficult articles and technical papers on the Internet that you struggle to understand

will not help you to develop your reading skills. Remember: to learn English via the Internet you must keep your purpose in mind, or you will get lost on the Net.

Learning Vocabulary Through Reading ---Reading is an excellent way to improve your English vocabulary. The context of a new word in a sentence or a story is often enough for you to guess the meaning. Meeting the word again and again in your reading helps you learn it for use in your speaking and writing. However, you should choose something that you find quite easy to read or stories to read for pleasure. Difficult stories or texts that you struggle to understand will not help you to develop your vocabulary the natural way. Remember: to learn new words through reading you have to read A LOT!

Much Can Be Learned From Traveling----Travel does not simply mean going to different places. We can learn and acquire the knowledge and experiences that we cannot obtain from books. For example, while enjoying the grand sight of, say, the Statue of Liberty, we can also learn its historical significance. Besides, any contact with the local people may turn out to be a chance to satisfy our curiosity for the culture. Sometimes on our journey

we may be impressed by the beauty of nature or shocked to see the damages that human beings have done to nature. In either case, we will feel a stronger sense of responsibility to protect our environment.

My View on Online Education 我对在线教育的看法

1.Nowadays, online education has become very popular among people. Those

who want to learn something, whether they are young or old, all can have their classes on different subjects. Some can even get a certificate or diploma after completing the required courses. Therefore, the number of people receiving this kind of education is on the rise. Why is it so popular?

The reasons are as follows. For one thing, the quick development of the Internet has provided many people a chance to attend class given by famous schools and teachers. For another, compared with having classes at school, online education saves our time, energy and money, especially to those who are too busy to study full time. The most important reason is that the schedule is flexible so that we can have a free choice to study what we need badly and decide when, where and how to study.

As far as I'm concerned, I appreciate this new form of education and also have got some benefits from it. It's indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education means.

2.We live in an information age. Everyday we are confronted with large

amounts of information from a variety of channels such as TV, newspaper and radio. But the most fast and convenient source may be Internet, by which we cannot only keep pace with society, but also enrich our knowledge.

This long-distance education or on-line education has been widely accepted and recommended. Why does it become a rage?

There are mainly two reasons. On the one hand, on-line education can provide choice lectures and classes given by famous teachers or schools across the world. This will tremendously broaden our view and diversify our knowledge structure. On the other hand, in this fast-pace society, people cannot afford so much time to attend regular classes. Therefore, the flexible

schedule of on-line education brings much convenience for their studies.

For my part, I've benefited a lot from this form of education. It opens a window for me and is and will be my life-long teacher.

3.Being online is no longer something new or fresh in our life. To some extent,

it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far away. But recently another helpful online activity has become very “in”. That is online education.

Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time?

Among other reasons, the quick development of the Internet should be an essential one, which makes all our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology is developing with fantastic speed. To catch up with this development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However, due to the great pace of modern society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.

Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional educational means. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Best of all, with online education, we can stick to our jobs and at the same time study and absorb the latest knowledge.

Passage A:

Think about it:

2. Anyone who is willing to learn will make use of every chance to learn something from others.

3. Yes, because when we are asked to teach what we are supposed to know, it often turns out not as obvious as we thought to be.

Word study:

rear a. — of, at or located in the back

The rear wheels of his car are flat.

It’s one thing to talk about reforms,it’s another to carry them out for real.

resort n. — 1) a strategy or course of action that may be adopted to resolve a difficult situation.

?In recent years this place has grown into a fashionable ski resort.

?He took back the house, without resort to legal action.

He passed without resort to cheating.

?We are prepared to resort to force if negotiation failed. confuse with— to mix things up mentally

Don’t confuse facts with ideas.

rack one’s rain— to think very hard

The boy had to rack his brains (绞尽脑汁) to solve that complicated problem.

qualify v. — to (cause to) reach a necessary standard qualification n. — 1) an official record that a person has achieved the necessary standard of knowledge or skill in a subject, usually after studying or training and passing an exam ?You’ll never get this job if you don’t have any qualifications in science.

mislead v. — to lead in a wrong way

Don’t let his friendly manner mislead you into trusting him (使你误信了他).

assume v. — suppose to be the case, without proof ?Do you assume that such information has significant effects on stock market?

?We can’t assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they’ve decided to remain silent.

?On the assumption that oil price would go up, some gasoline stations started to increase their stock.

enthrall v. —to hold the complete attention and interest of someone a s if by magic

?The World Cup completely enthralled people all over the world.

indulge v. —to allow (a person, oneself) to sat isfy his or one’s desires

?Occasionally the busy scientist would indulge his passion for fishing.

?His wife indulged him with breakfast in bed.

Haste makes waste.

—When we do things too quickly we are likely to end up with poor, useless and sometimes costly results.

In haste---Unfortunately the report was prepared in haste and contained several inaccuracies.

He has studied at college for 7 years as if more degrees would add up to his success.

She felt the longer she practiced piano the less skilled she became. Young Einstein was so inspired by the magic force of the compass that he was determined to discover about the behavior of the universe.

I assume someone as ambitious as he is will become somebody sooner or later.

Read about it:

1.She wondered if it was a joke or a threat.

2. She realized that her explanation didn’t help because it could not be understood.

3. She might use them subconsciously, but she couldn’t give a simple and clear explanation.

4. Because she felt depressed at her deformed misleading English explanation.

Translation:

1. It’s one thing to understand the principle, it’s another thing to put it into practice.

2. It is reported that jogging makes you three times less likely to

suffer from a heart attack.

3. Almost half of the British people have no idea what the euro is worth in relation to the pound, according to the latest survey.

4. The area should have been made into a park for everyone to enjoy but now some apartment buildings stand there.

5. I’m wondering whether all the related information could add up to a clear picture of him.

Passage B:

Think about it:

1. The reasons vary. A few would come to college to make up for the education they missed when they were young. Some would return to get reeducated to prepare themselves for the new career and life. Some others would come to learn something for pleasure.

2. Probably not. Some do not seem to understand they’re having the best part of their life, and are anxious to get out.

Word study:

incline v. — to tend in feeling, thought, habit, etc.

?I incline to believe his innocence.

?I’ve no inclination to follow my mother into accountancy.

?Their initial inclination was to build the plant in India but

then decided to put it up in China.

I am inclined to believe(我倾向于认为）that he is really opposed to the plan.

leave off — to stop, cease

?The rain left off after a whole week of pouring.

?Ted left off talking about his adventure.

appeal (to) — 1)v.to please, attract, or interest ?What appeals to me about his painting is the colors he uses.

?It’s a program designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.

get at — 1) to reach, gain access to

I don’t know what you’re getting at exactly, but if you want to borrow money from me you’ve found a wrong person

deny v.— to declare untrue; refuse to accept as fact ?The three defendants deny all charges.

?Neil denies breaking the window, but I’m sure he did. There’s no denying that this has been a difficult year for the company.

There’s no denying that he acted very well in the movie.

stink v.— 1) t o be extremely bad or unpleasant

His acting stinks, but he looks good, so he’s offered lots of movie roles.

The morning after the party, the whole house stank of beer and cigarettes.

make a buck — to earn some money

?The eldest son had to make a buck to support the family.

?Don’t expect to make an easy buck; everything is earned in

a hard way.

break one’s back — 1) to work very hard or too hard; make every possible effort

?Before the final exam, Frank broke his back over mathematics.

?These new taxes will break the back of the working poor. We can deliver supplies and work to break the back of the famine. 战胜饥荒

stump v.— to leave (someone) unable to reply; puzzle ?Your question has stumped me.

?We’re all completely stumped ―we can’t work out how he escaped.

Translation:

1. He drinks more wine than is good for his health.

2. He knew that at this moment his parents were eagerly waiting for him to return home for the New Year.

3. What appeals to us is not only his intelligence but also his

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Eg: ---- ...the chance to sample a different way of life. definitely adv.清楚地;明显地;肯定地;当然You use definitely to emphasize that something is the case, or to emphasize the strength of your intention or opinion Eg: ---- I'm definitely going to get in touch with these people. adj.definite明确的；一定的；肯定；有把握 Eg: ---- Mary is very definite about this. n.definition定义；规定,明确；[物]清晰度；解释<复数definitions> Eg: ----我给这个字下了定义。 I made a definition for this word. diversity n. : (1) 多样性;多样化;多元性The diversity of something is the fact that it contains many very different elements. Eg: ---- ...the cultural diversity of British society.

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