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初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全
初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全 语法网络图

一.名词 I.

名词的种类:

专有名词 普通名词

国名地名人名,团体

机构名称 可数名词

不可数名词

个体名词

集体名词

抽象名词

物质名词

II. 名词的数:

1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s 或-es 。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:

规则

例词

1 一般情况在词尾加-s

map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days

2 以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches,

dish-dishes

3 以-f 或-fe 结尾

的词 变-f 和-fe 为v 再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves

加-s chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs

4 以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词,变y 为i 加-es

party-parties, family-families, story-stories,

city-cities 5

以元音字母加y 结尾的名词,或专有名词以y 结尾的,加-s

toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6

以辅音字母加-o 结尾的名词

一般加-es

Negro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes

不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos

两者皆可

zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7 以元音字母加-o 结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 以-th 结尾的名词加-s

truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,

III. 名词的所有格:

名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s 构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。

单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s b ook, her son-in-law’s photo,

复数名词

一般在末尾加’the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother,

不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights,

以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house

表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes

表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词

末加’s

Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father

表示"某人家""店铺",所有格后名词省略the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s

3. of所有格的用法:

用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book

用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed

二.冠词

冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。

I.

不定冠词的用法:

1指一类人或事,相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.

2第一次提及某人某物,非特指 A boy is waiting for you.

3表示“每一”相当于every,one We study eight hours a day.

4表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.

5用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与

某名人有类似性质的人或事

A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.

6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time

7用于quite, rather, many, half, what,

such之后

This room is rather a big one.

8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名

地名等名词前

Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each,

every等限制

I want this book, not that one. /

Whose purse is this?

3季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐

March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.

5学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.

6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land

7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.

三.代词:

I.

II. 不定代词用法注意点:

1. one, some与any:

1) one可以泛指任何人,也可特指,复数为ones。some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句。

One should learn to think of others.

Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.

I have some questions to ask.

2) some可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等。

Would you like some bananas?

Could you give me some money?

3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个。

I have read this article in some magazine.

Please correct the mistakes, if any.

4) some和数词连用表示“大约”,any可与比较级连用表示程度。

There are some 3,000 students in this school.

Do you feel any better today?

2. each和every:

each强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上,而every强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。

Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.

3. none和no:

no等于not any,作定语。none作主语或宾语,代替不可数名词,谓语用单数,代替可数名词,谓语单复数皆可以。

There is no water in the bottle.

How much water is there in the bottle? None.

None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.

4. other和another:

1) other泛指“另外的,别的”常与其他词连用,如:the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,

the other特指两者中的另外一个,复数为the others。如:

He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.

Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.

2) another指“又一个,另一个”无所指,复数形式是others,泛指“别的人或事”如:

I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).

The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.

Some like football, while others like basketball.

5. all和both, neither和either

all表示不可数名词时,其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定,全部否定用

neither和none.

All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English. Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.

四.形容词和副词

I.

形容词:

1. 形容词的位置:

1修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成

的复合不定代词时

nobody absent, everything possible

2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only

修饰的名词之后

the best book available, the only

solution possible

3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake

4和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long

5成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with

代词数词性状形容词

冠词前的形容词

冠词

指示代词

不定代词

代词所有

序数

基数

性质

状态

大小

长短

形状

新旧

温度

颜色

国籍

产地

材料

质地

all both such

the

a

this

another

your

second

next

one

four

beautiful

good

poor

large

short

square

new

cool

black

yellow

Chinese

London

silk

stone

1形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous 2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving 3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered 4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+ed three-egged 5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-year

II. 副词

副词的分类:

1时间副

soon, now, early, finally, once,

recently

5频度副词

always, often, frequently, seldom,

never

2地点副

here, nearby, outside,

upwards, above

6疑问副词how, where, when, why

3方式副

hard, well, fast, slowly,

excitedly, really

7连接副词

how, when, where, why, whether,

however, meanwhile

4程度副

almost, nearly, very, fairly,

quite, rather

8关系副词when, where, why

形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。

1. 同级比较时常常用as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如:I am not so good a player as you are.

2. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。

3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如:I have never spent a more worrying day.

5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:

Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.

6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。

五.介词

I.

介词分类:

1简单介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on

2合成介词inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3短语介词according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 4双重介词from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between

5分词转化成的介

considering(就而论), including

6形容词转化成的

介词

like, unlike, near, next, opposite

六.动词

I.

动词的时态:

现在时过去时将来时过去将来时

一般ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask

进行am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked

完成进行have/has been

asking

had been asking

shall/will have been

asking

should/would have been

asking

2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:

1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况,但和现在有联系,强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果,它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用,汉译英时可加“已经”等词。简言之,利用过去,说明现在。如:

I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer. (已经看过,且了解这本书的内容)

2) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态,和现在无关,它可和表示过去的时间状语连用,汉译英时可加“过”,“了”等词。简言之,仅谈过去,不关现在。如:

I read the novel last month. (只说明上个月看了,不涉及现在是否记住)

I lived in Beijing for ten years.(只说明在北京住过十年,与现在无关)

3. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别:

两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”,在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时,多用现在完成时,如着重表示动作一直在进行,即动作的延续性时,则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。

I have read that book.我读过那本书了。

I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一直在读那本书。

将来时用法例句

1will/shall+动词原

表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态My sister will be ten next year.

2be going to+动词原

含有“打算,计划,即将”做某事,

或表示很有可能要发生某事

It’s going to clear up.

We’re going to have a party

tonight.

3be + doing 进行时

表示将来

go, come, start, move, leave, arrive等

词可用进行时表示按计划即将发生的

动作

He is moving to the south.

Are they leaving for Europe?

4be about to + 动词

原形

表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的

动作,后面一般不跟时间状语

I was about to leave when the

bell rang.

The meeting is about to close.

5be to + 动词原形表示按计划进行或征求对方意见We’re to meet at the school gate at noon.

6一般现在时表示将

时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事

情,可用一般现在时表示将来

The meeting starts at five

o’clock.

The plane leaves at ten this

evening.

七.情态动词

I.

情态动词基本用法:

以must为例。must + do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行;must + be doing 推测可能正在进行的事情;must +have done是推测可能已经发生过的事情。

1. must“肯定,一定”语气强,只用于肯定句中。

He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. / He must have already arrived there.

2. may和might“也许”,后者语气弱,更没有把握。可用于肯定句和否定句。

He may not be at home. / They might have finished their task.

3. can和could“可能”,could表示可疑的可能性,不及can’t语气强,用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。

The weather in that city could be cold now.

We could have walked there; it was so near.(推测某事本来可能发生,但实际上没有发生)Can he be in the office now? No, he can’t be there, for I saw him in the library just now.(语气很强,常用于疑问句和否定句中)

III. 情态动词注意点:

1. can 和be able to: 都可以表示能力。但be able to 可以表达“某事终于成功”,而can 无法表达此意。Be able to 有更多的时态。另外,两者不能重叠使用。

2. used to 和would:

used to 表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯,而would 只表示过去的习惯或喜好,不涉及现在。

3. need 和dare 作情态动词和实义动词的区别:

两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。其形式为:needn’t/daren’t do ;Need/dare…do…? 做实义动词时可用于肯定句,否定句和疑问句。其形式为:need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared) to do, don’t(doesn’t/didn’t) need/dare to do

八.非谓语动词 I.

非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成: 非谓语形式

构成

特征和作用

时态和语态

否定式 复合结构

不定式

to do

to be doing

to have

done

to be done

to have been

done

在非谓语前加not

for sb. to do sth.

具有名词,副词和形容词的作用

在句中做主、宾、定、表和状语

分词

现在分

词 doing

having done

being done

having been

done 具有副词和形容词的作用 在句中做定、表、宾补和状语

过去

分词

done

动名词 doing

having done

being done

having been

done

sb’s doing

具有名词的作用

在句中做主、宾、定和表语

常见动词

与宾语的逻辑关系及时间

概念

例句

不定式

ask, beg, expect, get, order,

tell, want, wish, encourage 主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成 I heard him call me several

times. have, notice, see, watch,

hear, feel, let, make

现在分词

notice, see, watch, hear,

find, keep, have, feel 主谓关系。强调动作正在进行,尚未完成

I found her listening to the

radio. 过去分词 动宾关系。动作已经完成,多强调状态

We found the village greatly changed.

区别

举例

不定式 与被修饰词往往有动宾关系,一般式表示将

来,进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生,完成式

表示在谓语动词之前发生 I have a lot of papers to type.

I have a lot of papers to be typed.

动名词 通常指被修饰词的用途,

无逻辑上的任何关系 Shall we go to the swimming pool? 现在分词 与被修饰词之间是主谓关系,表示动作与谓语动作同时发生 the boiling water / the boiled water the developing country/the developed country

the falling leaves / the fallen leaves 过去分词 与被修饰词之间是被动关系,表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,现已经完成

九.定语从句

I.

定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句

情况

用法说明

例句

只用that 的情

1.

先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。 2.

先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few 等修饰时 3.

先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时

4.

先行词既指人又指物时 5.

先行词被the only, the very 修饰时 6.

句中已经有who 或which 时,为了避免重复时 1.He told me everything that he knows.

2.All the books that you offered has been given out.

3.This is the best film that I have ever read.

4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.

5.He is the only man that I want to see.

6.Who is the man that is making a speech?

只用which, who, whom

的情况 1.

在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which 指代物,用who/whom 指人

2.

在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

中,只能用which 指物,whom 指人。

3.

先行词本身是that 时,关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he 时多用who 。 He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.

Those who respect others are usually respected by others.

种类作用常用关联词例句

主语从句在复合句中做主语,相当于名

词,一般置谓语之前,也可用

it作形式主语,主语从句放主

句之后

that, whether, if,

as if, as though,

who, whose,

which, how,

when, where,

why, what,

whatever,

whoever,

wherever

Whether he will come or not

doesn’t matter much.

Whoever comes here will be

welcome.

表语从句在复合句中做表语,相当于名

词,位于系动词之后

It looks as if it is going to snow.

宾语从句在复合句中做宾语,相当于名

He asked me which team could

win the game.

同位语从句放在名词之后(news, problem,

idea, suggestion, advice,

thought, hope, fact等) 表明其

具体内容

You have no idea how worried we

are.

The fact that he lied again greatly

surprised us.

十一。状语从句

十二。倒装句

种类倒装条件例句

完全倒装here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副

词开头的句子表示强调

Out rushed the children.

表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首

Under the tree stood two tables and four

chairs.

强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.

部分倒装never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not

until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首

Hardly did I know what had happened. only和修饰的状语放于句首

Only then did he realized the importance

of English.

not only…but also连接并列的句子,前倒后

不倒

Not only does he know French, but also he

is expert at it.

neither…nor…连接并列的句子,前后都倒装Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的

成分放于句首时前倒后不倒

So busy is he that he can not go on a

holiday.

as引导的让步状语Child as he is, he has learned a lot.

so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另

外的人或事。

He can play the piano. So can i.

用于表示祝愿的祈使句中May you be in good health!

省略if的虚拟条件Were I you, I would not do it in this way.

十四。重要句型

1.It was not until midnight that he finished his task.

2.Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again.

3.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

4.He walked around the house, gun in hand.

5.May you be in good health!

6.Wish you a pleasant journey back home!

7.The professor was a humorous man with big nose and deep-set eyes.

8.What surprised me mos t was his imagination and patience.

9.He lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky and his hands under his head.

10.Sitting under the tree are Mr. Green and his first teacher.

11.On the wall hang two pictures of famous scientists.

12.Looking back upon those past years, he couldn’t help feeling very proud.

13.No sooner(Hardly) had he arrived at the theatre than(when) the play started.

14.Young as he is, he has learned advanced mathematics.

15.How I regret the hours wasted in the woods and fields!

16.There stands a beautiful vase in the corner of the room.

17.Ten miles north of the town lies a paper factory.

18.There goes the bell.

19.Nowhere has the world ever seen such a bird as here.

20.

It is no use crying for help.21.If only I had been your student in the middle school!

22.It is believed that such a thing will not happen again.

23.Only when he explained did I realize the reason for this.

24.“He works particularly hard.”

“So he does, and so do you.”

25.Not only Alice but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

26.Such was Albert Einstein, a simple person of great achievements.

十五。动词搭配

1. add to增加,增进

add … to把…加进…

add up相加

add up to总计,所有这一切说明

1) I don't think these facts will ________ anything.

2) Fifty new books have been ________ the library.

3) The music _________ our enjoyment of the film.

4) You must have made a mistake when you _______ the bill ________.

( add up to, added to, add to, added…up )

2. break away from打破,脱离,挣脱,改掉

break down出毛病,身体(精神)衰弱,分解,拆开

break off暂停,中断

break in强行进入,插话

break into闯入

break into pieces成为碎片

break out爆发

break up捣碎,驱散,瓦解,学期结束,拆散

break through突破

1) The criminal managed to break _______

______ the police and ran into the woods.

2) When he heard the news, he broke _______ and cried.

3) Don't break ________ while others are speaking.

4) Why don't you break ________ for a few minutes and have some coffee?

5) When does school break ________?

6) After harvest we break _________ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen.

( away from, down, in, off, up, up )

3. bring up抚养,呕吐,提出

bring about造成

bring out拿出,出版

bring in引入,引进,挣钱

bring back使回想起

bring down使下降,使倒下

1) The shopkeeper brought his price _________ to only five dollars.

2) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English.

3)The song brought ___________ happy memories of our schooldays.

4) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding?

5) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan.

6) We decided to bring the matter ___ at the next meeting.

7) The wind brought _______ a lot of trees last night.

8) Next month they will

bring ________ a new edition of

the book.

( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )

4. call on号召,拜访(某人)

call at拜访、参观(某地)

call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要

call up使回忆起, 征召入伍

call in召集,请某人来

call out大喊,高叫

call off取消,不举行

1) Doctors are often called _____ in the middle of the war.

2) Please wait for me at home. I'll call _______ you at your house at seven tonight.

3) The trains calls _______ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou.

4) He called her name __________, but she didn't answer.

5) The sports meet was called ____ on account of the rain.

( in, for, at, out, off)

5. come about发生,出现

come down下跌,落,降,传下来

cme in进来

come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)

come on来临/ 快点

come out出版,结果是

come along一道来,赶快

完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. :who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如): 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全 最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻!太平洋英语,免费体验全部外教一对一课程:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/107929364.html, 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at nigh t I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

初中英语语法大全(必备)

初中英语语法大全(必备)

英语语法大全: 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do (例如:I like watching monkeys jump) 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同····一道,伴随······(例如: I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树) 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)(例如: ask you for my book ) 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时(例如:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾(例如: At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 (例如: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原)能够……(例如: She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么(例如:she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……(例如: I'm afraid to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么(例如: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视、I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气(例如: Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样(例如: She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to感到羞愧 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害(例如: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于

初中英语语法大全汇总

初中英语语法大全汇总 (一) 一.词类( ) 名词英文名称(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词等 冠词英文名称(缩写为.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a() 代词英文名称(缩写为) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词 形容词英文名称(缩写为.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词. 数词英文名称(缩写为.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词 动词英文名称(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词() 副词英文名称(缩写为.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词 介词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词. 连词英文单词(缩写为.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词. 感叹词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词. 二.名词() 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 中国亚洲北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: 老师茶改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 马汽车房间苹果风扇照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 人们家庭军队政府集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 火钢空气水牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 劳动健康生活友情耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词( )有复数形式,如: a 不可数名词( )一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 沙糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 玻璃玻璃杯纸报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。

最完整的初中英语语法大全

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2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)

初中生中考必须掌握的英语语法大汇总

语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此,单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。 总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。本文帮大家归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句,希望对广大中学生有所帮助。 1词法 ▊ 1.名词 1.1 名词的可数与不可数 可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。 不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。 1.2 名词复数的规则变化 A.一般情况下加-s。 B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es D.以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es 1.3 名词的所有格 A.单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。 如:the worker's bike,the Children’ s ball

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III. 名词的所有格: 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s 2. ’s

3. of所有格的用法: 用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 二.冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。 I. That boy is rather a Lei Feng. II.

III. 三.代词: I. 代词可以分为以下七大类: II. 不定代词用法注意点: 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人,也可特指,复数为ones。some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句。One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask.

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初1英语全册语法知识点汇总.doc

初一英语全册语法知识点汇总 当我第一遍读一本好书的时候,我仿佛觉得找到了一个朋友;当我再一次读这本书的时候,仿佛又和老朋友重逢。我们要把读书当作一种乐趣,并自觉把读书和学习结合起来,做到博览、精思、熟读,更好地指导自己的学习,让自己不断成长。让我们一起到学习啦一起学习吧! 初一英语语法大全 初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的,但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小,容易被忽视,但这些知识点掌握不熟练,往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时,要认真、细心,不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。 下面从几个方面,总结出了初一英语语法,如果要复习英语句法的同学,可以参考一下, 一、初一英语语法词法 1、名词 A)、名词的数 我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下: 一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯 五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police 警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员 九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper 纸papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作works作品,工厂, glass 玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡 十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s。如:Is (I s), Ks (K s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B)名词的格

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