模块6.1 Laughter is good for you(讲)-2016年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(译林牛津版)
2016届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块六Unit 1 (自主篇)
Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
一、重点词汇
king adj.
空手，一无所获
，娱乐
crowd
may sound cruel
二、经典句型
考点-2.because引导表语从句
【教材原句】They say this is because when you laugh, your brain sends chemicals around your body that are good for you.(P3)他们说这是因为当你笑时，你的大脑就会向全身传递一种对身体有益的化学物质。
考点-4. It seems ＋adj.＋that...句型及其衍生的句型
【教材原句】He said，“It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！”(P3)他说：“看来，他不愧是无声电影起家的呀！”
三、语法自主复习
复习本单元的Grammar and usage：非谓语动词复习I
非谓语动词复习I
一、基础知识复习
1.谓语动词与非谓语动词
在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难之一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了动词不
______ b
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式，V-ing分词（又分为现在分词和动名词）和过去分词。
注：常见作独立成分的非谓语动词
二、重点知识提炼
（一）非谓语作主语、宾语的重点
2.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定
①I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfa ir.
A.to sound
B. to be sounded
C. sounding
D. to have sounded
类似的知识点要记牢。如：help, hope, ask, refuse, decide, promise, wish, pretend, expect, arrange,
learn, plan, demand, dare, manage, agree, prepare, fail, determine, offer,
choose, desire, elect, long等动词后要用动词不定式作宾语。
②It is difficult to imagine his ________the decision without any consideration.
A. accept
B. accepting
C. to accept
D. accepted
【解析】imagine要求用动名词作宾语。答案B。
类似的知识点要记牢。下列常见的这些动词（组）后要用动词动名词作宾语
suggest, risk, devote oneself to（建议冒险去献身）
finish, imagin e, bear/stand, look forward to（完成想象忍盼望）
give up, delay/put off, regret, miss（放弃延期悔失去）
insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice（坚持欣赏要实践）
pay attention to, excuse, escape/avoid, object to（注意原谅逃/避反对）
keep, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind（保持习惯勿介意）
be worth, set about/burst out/get down to, be busy（值得开始将忙乎）
3.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语意义不同
In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____for another hour.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. to be waiting
类似的知识点要记牢。
①动词本身意义不变，跟不定式和动名词意义不同
remember to do sth. 记住要做
remember doing sth.记得过去做过
forget to do sth. 忘了已做过的事
forget doing sth. 忘记要做某事
②动词本身意义改变，跟不定式和动名词意义不同
regret to do sth.对马上要或不做的事表示遗憾
regret doing sth.对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔
mean to do sth.打算，想要
mean doing 意味着，意思是
try to do sth. 努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
can’t help doing sth.情不自禁，忍不住
can’t help (to) do sth.不能帮忙做某事
be considered to have done被认为已经做了
consider…to be认为是
consider doing考虑做某事
④下列动词跟动词不定式做目的状语，跟动名词作宾语
stop to do停下来，要做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
stop doing停止做（动名词作宾语）
go on to do接着做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
go on doing继续做同一件事（动名词作宾语）
4.有些动词后要用“疑问词＋不定式”结构作复合宾语
It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _____.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
（二）非谓语作表语的重点
①不定式、动名词与分词作表语的区别。不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主
语“是什么”；分词作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。
我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。
Our plan is to keep the affair secret.
他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。
Their job is making wheelchairs for disabled people.
他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。
The music they are playing sounds exciting.
这个美丽的村庄仍未外界所知。
This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world.
注意：在下列句中，非谓语动词具体的语法功能
What he wanted to suggest is to cut down the price and increase the sales.
他想建议的是降价促销。（不定式作表语，说明主语“是什么”）
My American teacher is to leave China soon.
我的美国老师即将离开中国。（不定式作表语，表示将来）
Her work is taking care of the children.她的工作是照顾小孩。（现在分词作表语，说明主语“是什么”）She is taking care of the children.她在照料小孩。（构成进行时，说明主语正在执行的动作）
The cup is broken.杯子碎了。（过去分词作表语，说明主语所处的状态）
The cup was broken by Peter.杯子是被彼得打坏的。（构成被动语态，说明主语是动作的承受者）（三）非谓语作宾语补足语的重点
When I came in, I saw her dancing happily. （主动进行）
I saw him go to the cinema.（主动，全过程）
We heard her singing next door.（主动进行）
We heard the song sung by her next door. （被动完成）
We heard the song being sung next door. （被动进行）
2.下列动词和短语必须以用不定式作宾语补足语
wish, want, ask, require/request, order, warn, allow/permit, forbid, expect, remind, encourage, inspire, call on, depend on
①What did the librarian _____ out of the library?
A. permit to take
B. forbid to be taken
C. allow to take
D. insist being taken
②I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.
A. to smoke…smoking
B. smoking…to smoke
C. to smoke…to smoke
D. smoking…smoking
答案：BB
3. 在think, consider, find等动词后常用to be +adj.结构作宾语补足语，有时to be省略。
We all discover him (to be) kind and honest.
4.几个特别的结构
▲have+宾语+do/doing/done
①“ have + 宾语+ do sth ”意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。此结构中的have 是使役动词，宾语后的do
sth 是不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时。
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.
②“have +宾语+ doing”意为“叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。宾语后面用现在分词作宾语补
足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。
李林，别让狗狂吠不停。
Don’t have the dog barking much, Lilin.
③“ have + 宾语+done”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”或者是“遭受/遭遇了……，此时，主语是无
意中的受害者，而不是动作的执行者”的意思。宾语后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。
我们刚才请人把机器修好了。
We had the machin e mended just now.
他在踢足球时腿受了伤。
He had his leg injured while playing football.
▲catch sb. doing sth逮住某人干某事
如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的。
If she catches me reading her diary, she’ll be furious.
（四）非谓语作定语的重点
这是练习你的口语的好机会。
It is a good chance to practice your spoken English.
他是最后一个离开办公室的。
He was the last one to leave the office.
站在那边的那个妇女是我们的英语老师。
The woman standing over there is our English teacher.
The house to be built (=which will be built/which is to be built) next year will be our new library.（将要建的）The house being built (=which is being built) now will be our new library.（正在建的）
The house built (=which was built) last year is our new library now.（已经建成的）
I like reading books written by Lu Xun.我喜欢读鲁迅写的小说。
2.动词不定式尾后的介词不能丢
When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person ______.
A. to send
B. for sending it
C. to send it to
D. for sending it to