考研英语二历年真题及答案
2002 Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．
Since 1981，farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life．Farmers who have voluntarily adopted these measures are compensated by the European Union．The goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem fanning，such as declines in species diversity and the disturbance of local nesting grounds．The“green”methods of farming cost the European Union about 1.7 billion Euros annually．This is about 4 percent of the budget for“Common Agricultural Policy,”and the compensation is expected to rise to 10 percent within the next few years．
Various forms of“green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals．
Part V Writing(30 minutes，15 points)
Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “What I Consider Important in Life”．Your composition should be based on the Chinese outline given below．
1．人生有不同的目标：富有、名气、地位、幸福的家庭等…
2．其中我认为重要的是…；理由是…
3．结论…
2003
Paper Two
Part V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.
Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day－at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take-but tries to answer the question why.
Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles－as well as pleases－today’s high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “Lifelong Learning”. You should base your composition on the Chinese outline given below:
1.终身学习对每个人的重要性。
2.终身学习的方式有多种…
3.你认为你应该采取哪种方式，为什么？
2004
Paper Two
Part V Transl ation (3 0 minutes，l 5 points)
Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET
One of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments to other users．This is a very good thing．If I’m working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file，I can do so very quickly and easily，without having to fax it to him．This saves on long distance bills and printing costs．It also，however，presents a problem，because attachments can take a long time to download．For those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service，unwanted attachments can be quite costly and time-consuming．I once had someone send me fifteen large image files，and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just to download one of them．So，in short，if you’re going to send an attachment，get permission first．
Part VI Writing (30 minutes，15 points)
Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words on the title of “College Students Should (Not)Be Permitted to Live Off Campus”．You are to take a position, either for or against the matter, and give your reasons．You should base your composition on the following Chinese outline．
近年来大学生在校外租房居住的现象越来越多，这个问题已引起社会各界的关注。人们对这一现象的看法不一，各持己见。
1．你对这个问题的观点是…
2．理由是……
3．结论……
2006
Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)
Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation
on the ANSWER SHEET.
Each year in the United States more people are killed or injured in accidents--at
home, at work or school, at play, or while traveling-than were killed or injured in the
Vietnam war. In the early 1990s. about half of these accidental deaths
were the result
of motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were falls, fires,
and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are the
primary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home.
Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents are
known as safely measures. Safety is a growing concern around the world, and safety
skills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have come to
realize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possible
to predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simply
"happen". Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions:You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic "On the
Significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad". Your composition should be based on the
Chinese clues given below.
青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车。请简单地谈谈青藏铁路建成和通车的重大意义，
如经济、文化、旅游等方面。
注：西藏：Tibet；西藏的、西藏人、藏语：Tibetan
2007
Part V Translation (30 minutes,10 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
Getting a proper amount of rest is absolutely essential for bui lding your energy resources. If you frequently work far into the nig ht or have a poor sleep, it stands to reason that you may start to f eel a little run down. Though everybody is different, most people ne ed at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to func tion at their best.
If you have been lacking energy, try going to bed earlier at ni ght. If you can wake up feeling well-rested, it will be an indicatio n that you are starting to get an appropriate amount of sleep at nig ht. If you sleep more than eight hours every night but still don't f eel energetic, you may actually be getting too much sleep.
Once in while, you are bound to have nights where you don't get an adequate amount of sleep. When your schedule permits you can als o consider taking a short sleep during the day, for sometimes taking a nap is the perfect way to recharge your batteries.
Part ⅥWriting (30 minutes,15 points)
Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic”Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams'. Your compositio n should be based on the Chinese clues given below.
中央电视台“圆梦行动”的公益节目旨在动员社会力量捐助贫困学子圆大学之梦。你的作文可以：
1)对贫困学于是否应受到捐助发表你的看法;或者
2)举一个贫困学子需要帮助的例子。
Part IV Translation(35 minutes，15 points)
第一句：Since 1981，farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life．
译文：自1981年以来，荷兰农民受鼓励一直采用那些认为是有利于植物和鸟类的“绿色”耕种技术。
注：1．本句句子结构较复杂，考生应该在认真分析句子结构的基础上进行翻译。主语是“farmers”，谓语部分使用的被动形式而且时态为现在完成时—“have been encouraged”。后面的不定式to引导的都是主语补足语。其中“that”引导的是一个定语从句修饰先行词“techniques”。
2．在翻译本句时，切不可采用一字一句翻译。而是要根据中文的行文规范调整语序。而且要注意到中文和英文各自得语言特点。英文中多使用被动语态，而中文中多使用主动形式。所以本句中两处被动形式应该适当改变。
第二句：The goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem farming, …
译文：该项目的目的是消除现代农业所带来的负面影响，……
注：1．本句中不定式短语做表语。
2．介词“against”在这儿不要直译为“反对”，而是根据句子意思译为“消除”。
第三句：Various forms of “green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals．
译文：世界各地采用的各种形式的“绿色耕种”已证明是成功的。所有被认为对环境有影响的新方法都应该接受科学评估，以确定它们是否真正达到了预期日标。
注：1．“and”连接的两个并列句。前一个句子中注意有一个过去分词短语“employed around the world”做后置定语。后一个句子同样也有一个过去分词短语“thought to be environmentally sensitive”做后置定语。注意翻译时，应把这两个后置定语翻译到主语的前面。
2．be subject to本意为“受支配, 从属于, 可以……的, 常遭受……”，在这儿应该转译为“接受”。
2003年试题参考答案及解析
Part V Translation
在香港，代沟的问题很严重，十几岁的孩子很少向父母或老师征询意见。不管是性、艾滋病、学校中遇到的麻烦，还是家庭问题，他们都认为大人们是帮不上任何忙的。
迄今为止，没人问过香港的年轻人：“你在想什么？”然而，香港大学的杰弗里·戴博士所做的研究使我们对香港年轻人的情感有了一些了解。他对年轻人的调查，重点不是问他们服用多少种毒品之类的问题，而是试图找到其中缘由。
戴博士计划在下周全面解释研究的结果。他希望研究能揭示当今高中学生的喜和忧。研究结论不仅将送呈政府部门，也将通报参加这项调查的学校。
Part VI Writing
In today’s society, life-long learning has become very important for everyone. This is because one needs to renew his knowledge continuously in order to meet the needs of his work and fast development of the society.
There are several ways for one to take a life-long learning. One way is to take a part-time education program. It means that one is learning part time while he is working. The program could be at undergraduate level or graduate level. The second way is to study by oneself. You can learn whatever you need for your work on your own. You can learn from books, from TV programs or from Internet or radio.
In my opinion, life-long learning is necessary for us. We should choose one of the ways mentioned above, which depends on your own personal preference and interest. I prefer the first one because this kind of learning is systematic and formal. With the help of the teachers, it is easier to learn and quicker to get what you need for your work.
Part V Translation
第一句：The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything.
译文：在香港，代沟的问题很严重，以至于十几岁的孩子很少向父母或老师征询意见。注：1．本句中包含一个so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。
2．generation gap 代沟；turn to 求助于。
第二句：Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.
译文：不管是性、艾滋病、学校中遇到的麻烦，还是家庭问题，他们认为大人们都帮不上忙。
注：1．whether引导的状语从句，表示“无论，不管”。
2．注意要将主句adults are not considered up to the job中的被动变主动。
3．注意不要将the job直译为这项工作。
第三句：Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think”译文：迄今为止，没人问过香港的年轻人：“你在想什么？”
注：until now 迄今为止
第四句：Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day－at the University of Hong Kong.
译文：然而，香港大学的杰弗里·戴博士所做的研究使我们对香港年轻人的情感有了一些了解。
注：1．前先要理解come from含义：来自于……。
2．注意本句语序的调整。为符合汉语表达习惯，必须将原句的主语和宾语调换位置。
3．however是插入语，翻译时应提到句子最前面。
第五句：His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take—but tries to answer the question why.
译文：他对年轻人的调查，重点不是问他们服用多少种毒品之类的问题，而是试图找到其中缘由。
注：1．注意not…but…结构，意为“不是……而是……”。
2．注意for example的翻译。本句是在句中的一个例子，如果译为“例如”句子就不太通顺，因此应译为“…之类的问题”更为恰当。
3．注意answer the question why的翻译。这里应采用意译较好，译为“找到其中的缘由”。
4．focus on 集中，重点是；take drugs 服用毒品(注意不要译为吃药)
第六句：Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles－as well as pleases－today’s high-school students. 译文：戴博士计划在下周全面解释研究的结果，他希望研究能揭示当今高中学生的喜和忧。
注：1．首先分析一下句子结构：主干为：主语(Dr. Day)+谓语动词(hopes)+宾语从句；
宾语从句的主语后面接了一个which引导的非限定性定语从句；该宾语从句中
的宾语又是what引导的一个宾语从句。
2．从整体上看，本句应采用分译法。先译定语从句，再译其它。
3．注意what引导的宾语从句的翻译。首先, as well as连接并列成分；其次，注意将动词trouble和please转换成名词。
第七句：Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.
译文：研究结论不仅将送呈政府部门，也将通报参加这项调查的学校。
注：1．注意not only…but also…连接并列成份。
2．要适当运用增词法。Conclusions应译为“研究结论”；the schools which took part后面省略了in the survey，翻译时应将其补充完整，即译为“参加这项
调查的学校”。
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)（略）
2004年试题参考答案及解析
Part V Translation
电子邮件真正的优点之一就在于它允许我们以附件的形式给其他的用户发送文件，这一点非常好。比如，我和一个同事一起工作的时候，我想发一份图象文件或是文字文件给他，通过电子邮件就可以很方便很快捷地搞定，而不必使用传真。这就节省了长途费用和打印成本。但是，电子邮件也会带来问题。因为附件的下载可能需要很长时间。对于我们这些按小时支付网费的人来说，多余的附件可能是相当耗费时间和金钱的。我曾经接收过15个大的图片文件。我的电脑竟用了20分钟才载下来一个图片。所以，简言之，如果你要发附件给别人的话，事先一定要争得对方的许可。
Part VI Writing (30 minutes，15 points)
In recent years, the number of college students who live off campus has been increasing, which attracts the widespread attention in the whole society. As to this special phenomenon, different people have different opinions. As a person who was a student, I think this behavior should be banned. My reasons are as follows:
The first and the most important one is that living off campus is not beneficial to study. Being college students, young people should spare no effort to study hard to broaden their horizons. Living off campus means they are away from classroom, library and laboratory. So it may bring much more trouble to them. Second, when college students live off campus they will be estranged from their classmates, which is harmful to their ability to communicate with others. Thus, majority of them don’t have good friends so that they are easy to feel lonely and unhappy. Third, their living off campus will put a financial burden on their family and themselves. In general, college students are still financed by their family. If they want to live off campus, they have to ask more money from their family and make money in their spare time. It is a heavy burden they have to shoulder.
In a word, I don’t approve of college students’living off campus. It will disturb the students’normal life. Therefore colleges should establish rules to ban college students’ living off campus.
Part V Translation (3 0 minutes，l 5 points)
第一句：One of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments to other users．
译文：电子邮件真正的优点之一就在于它允许我们以附件的形式给其他的用户发送文件，这一点非常好。
注：1．首先注意结构：句中包含一个that引导的表语从句。
2．注意nice features不要直译为好的特点，应译成优点。
3．注意as attachments 应译为以附件的形式。
第二句：This is a very good thing．
译文：这一点非常好。
注：注意运用词性的转换：a very good thing可译为非常好，而不是一件非常好的事情。
第三句：If I’m working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file，I can do so very quickly and easily，without having to fax it to him．
译文：比如，我和一个同事一起工作的时候，我想发一份图象文件或是文字文件给他，通过电子邮件就可以很方便很快捷地搞定，而不必使用传真。
注：1．首先搞清句子结构。主句是“I can do so very quickly and easily”, 前面是一个if 引导的条件状语从句，另外后面还包含一个without引出的介词短语做伴随状语。
2．条件句中包含一个and连接的并列结构，可直接分译，无须将and译出；另外并列结构有时可根据具体情况处理成主从句，比如本句的前半部分就可译成时间状语从句。
3．注意适当增减词语。
减词：（1）send him an image file or a word file中后面的不定冠词可省去不译；(2）I can do so中的主语I 可省去不译；(3）fax it to him中的it to him均可省去不译。
增词：翻译I can do so very quickly and easily一句时，根据上下文必须将“通过电子邮件”补充出来，否则句意表达不清。
4．注意do so 是对前面发送文件的替换，这里可直接译成搞定或完成。
第四句：This saves on long distance bills and printing costs．
译文：这就节省了长途费用和打印成本。
注：注意on long distance bills不要直译成长途帐单，应译为长途费用。
第五句：It also，however，presents a problem，because attachments can take a long time to download．
译文：但是，电子邮件也会带来问题，因为附件的下载可能需要很长时间。
注：1．首先注意however应提到句首来译。
2．注意要将代词it转译成它所代替的名词，即：电子邮件。
3．注意语序的适当调整：attachments can take a long time to download中to download翻译时应提到主语位置。
第六句：For those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service，unwanted attachments can be quite costly and time-consuming．译文：对于我们这些按小时支付网费的人来说，多余的附件可能是相当耗费时间和金钱的。
注：1．首先注意those of us 后定语从句的翻译：应将其译到所修饰词的前面；另外pay by the hour是表示按小时付费。
2．注意costly and time-consuming应译为：耗费时间和金钱。
第七句：I once had someone send me fifteen large image files，and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just to download one of them．
译文：我曾经接收过15个大的图片文件，我的电脑用了20分钟，居然才载下来一个图片。
注：1．had someone send me…表示“让某人发送给我…”，可转译为“我曾经接收过…”。
2．it tied up my computer for 20 minutes注意不要直译成“束缚了我的电脑20分钟”，直接译成“我的电脑用了20分钟”即可。
3．注意just（或only）to do 表示结果。
4．one of them代词应译成它所代替的相应的名词，即：一个图片。
第八句：So，in short，if you’re going to send an attachment，get permission first．
译文：所以，简言之，如果你要发附件给别人的话，事先一定要争得对方的许可。
注：1．in short意为“简而言之”。
2．注意适当增词：如果你要发附件（给别人）的话，事先（一定）要争得（对方的）许可，括号中的词如略去的话，句子的表达就会显得不够完整。
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)（略）
2006年在职攻读MBA硕士学位研究生全国联考
英语试题参考答案
Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)
在美国，每年因家庭、工作、学校、玩乐或旅行中的意外事故而伤或亡的人数比越战中的伤亡人数都多。二十世纪九十年代初期，约一半左右的意外死亡是汽车事故造成的的，此外，摔死、火灾和中毒也是主要原因。在世界范围内看，汽车造成的事故是意外死亡的首要根源，紧随其后的工业事故和家庭中的意外死亡。
为减少或消除产生意外事故的危险而付出的努力称之之为安全措施。安全在全世界越来越受关注，安全技能正得到前所未有的重视。人们已经认识到，安全技能是可学的，大多数安全专家也一致认为，绝大部分意外事故是可预测的，也能采取措施加以避免。只有为数不多的意外事故是自己发生的，大多数则是愚昧、粗心、懈怠或缺乏技能带来的后果。
Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
It is in Qinghai on July 1 that the Qing-Zang Railroad was completed and open to traffic officially. And in the same day, our President Hu Jingtao cut the ribbon personally at the opening ceremony. This great event made every Chinese all over the world extremely cheerful. As a main artery to Tibet and western regions, the Qing-Zhang Railroad is of great significance to China and Chinese people.
Undoubtedly the significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad can be clearly
seen not only in economy and culture but also in tourism. To begin with, the Qing-Zang Railroad will drive the economic development of the western part of China and attract more and more investors to invest in these areas. In addition, the Qing-Zang Railroad will foster the cultural and tourist development of Qinghai and Tibet. An increasing number of people from all over the world will come to Tibet and Qinghai for traveling, which will provide a good chance for the people in the world to know Tibet and Qinghai.
As shown in our previous discussion, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that the Qing-Zang Railroad will bring China historic and realistic significance. Of course, we should not neglect the environmental and ecological protection while making full use of the Qing-Zang Railroad. ( 211 )
2007年在职英语答案
PartⅤTranslation 参考译文
获得适量的休息对于积聚你的体能而言是绝对必要的．如果你经常工作到深夜或
者睡眠不佳，那说明你可能开始感到有点疲乏。尽管因人而异，绝大多数人每晚需要至少7~8小时的睡眠，身体功能才会最佳。
如果你一直缺乏精力，请尝试晚上早些就寝．如果你醒来时感到休息得很好，这说明你夜间的睡眠量已开始正常．如果你每晚的睡眠超过8小时，仍然不能感到精力充沛，实际上你可能睡眠过量了．
你注定偶尔会有睡眠不足之夜。当你的作息时间允许时，你也可以考虑白天小睡，因为有时小睡片刻是为你的体能(电池)“再充电”的最佳方式．
PartⅥWriting
参考范文：
Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams Though great importance is attached to public education, many qu alified students in poverty-stricken regions fail to enter universit y due to economic reasons.
These students are generally from the least developed part of ou r country. Only higher education can change their fate: they will be otherwise just like their forefathers toiling in the fields day aft er day and seeing no future, which simply means the whole region wil l be stuck in a vicious circle and its further development will be i mpossible.
If the needy youngsters are to get support from the society, the whole situation will be different. In universities, they will have access to more information and advanced technology. Consequently,
they can equip themselves with innovative creativity and adequate
skills to serve their hometown and to return the support they
benefit from the society.
2010范文一：
ONE 例文：
Dear **:
I am writing you this letter to express my gratitude first for you kindness and hospitality
towards me. During my visit of sino-American cultural exchange in your country, I've learned a
lot about your people's custom and speical culture. Your help and guidance is so important for me.
I'm now quite interested in american culture and hope to further know it in the future. As the world globalization developes, I think this is of great significance for both of us. The other thing is that I'd like to ask you to have a visit in china in due course. Then I can have the opportunity to welcome you back and show you something about our Chinese culture. Hope you can come soon!
Your sincerely
Zhangwei