2018年高考英语短文语法填空练习题及答案

2018年高考英语短文语法填空练习题及答案（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(选自2017·日照检测) TOEFL, short for Test of English as a Foreign Language, is a standardized test of English. The TOEFL test is an important step of your journey

__1__ (study) in an English－speaking country.

The TOEFL test __2__ (measure) your ability to use and understand at the university level. And it evaluates __3__ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing __4__ (skill) to perform academic tasks.

More than 30 million people from all over the world have taken the TOEFL test to show __5__ English－language competence. The TOEFL test has __6__ (many) test dates and locations than any other English-language test in the world. You can retake the test many times as you wish, __7__ you cannot take it more than once in a 12－day period.

The TOEFL test is the most __8__ (wide) respected English-language test in the world, __9__ (organize) by more than 9 000 colleges, universities and agencies in more than 130 countries, __10__ (include) Australia, Canada, the U. K. and the United States. Wherever you want to study, the TOEFL test can help you get there.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了托福考试的一些相关内容，包括考查项目、参加次数以及托福考试的影响和作用等。1．to study考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to study。

2．measures考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文用的是一般现在时，“The TOEFL test”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。故填measures。

3．how考查副词。句意为：它评价你把你的听、说、读、写能力结合起来的程度。how well指程度如何。故填how。

4．skills考查名词复数。听、说、读、写是四种能力，所以要用名词skill的复数形式skills。

5．their考查物主代词。句意为：超过3 000万来自世界各地的人参加托福考试来展示他们的英语语言能力。空格处修饰名词“English-language competence”，指前面提到的“30 million people”的能力，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。

6．more考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知，此处应用many的比较级形式。故填more。

7．but考查连词。前一句说只要你愿意，你可以多次重复参加托福考试，后一句说你不能在12天的时间内连续报考。前后两句话在意思上是转折关系。故填but。

8．widely考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“respected”，故填所给词的副词形式widely。

9．organized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非

谓语动词形式。逻辑主语“The TOEFL test”和动词organize构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式。故填organized。

10．including考查词性转换。此处指包括澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国。应用所给词的介词形式including，意为“包含，包括”。

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·郑州市第一次质量预测) Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established __1__ (it) as the national drink of this country.

A century before the birth of Christ, tea __2__ (describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live __3__ (long). Today, it is still being regarded as such. Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for __4__ (prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point __5__ people need to be aware of when they drink tea — is should not be drunk along with meals.

Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, __6__ (be) carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea

in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China's Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter tea with jasmine (茉莉), rose or other __7__ (flower), usually served after dinner, is special to China's Changjiang River regions.

Many English people, travelling away from home, feel __8__ a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. It's a good opportunity for people to socialize or

discuss business matters.

In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually __9__ (hold) in a teahouse, dates back to the 16th century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the ceremony may not be as popular __10__ it used to be.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。

【段意梳理】

第一段：简单介绍了茶的地位。

第二段：介绍了茶的作用和饮用时的注意事项。

第三段：中国人饮茶的种类和方法。

第四段：英国人的饮茶习惯和文化。

第五段：日本人的饮茶文化和现状。

1．itself考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系，故用反身代词。

2．was described考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“A century before the birth of Christ”可知，事情发生在过去，且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。3．longer考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”，故用longer。4．preventing考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，

故用动名词preventing。

5．that考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词one point。

6．is考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea，且与下文的“is drunk”在时态上呼应，故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

7．flowers考查名词复数。flower是可数名词，由前面的other可知，此处表示复数概念。

8．at考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑，不知所措”，故用介词at。

9．held考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。

10．as考查连词。由“as＋形容词＋as”的结构可知，此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。

语法填空

(2016·石家庄市调研检测)We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?

In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including

your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__，they'll be disappointed after graduation from high school.

Like university students, the US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a

9th-grader can sit __9__ the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________

5．________ 6.________7.________8.________

9．________10.________

【参考答案】语法填空

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。

1．surprising此处是现在分词作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，符合语境。

2．is recorded everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded，与graded呼应。

3．to turn fail to do sth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。

4．what空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。

5．academic修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定语。

6．Otherwise根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。

7．freedom由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。

8．them此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故填them。

9．in in the classroom意为“在教室里”，符合语境，故填in。10．younger根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的比较级形式，即younger。

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·定州一中检测) Jiuzhaigou Valley, China

Located in Sichuan province, the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, or Jiuzhaigou Valley, should be on your travel radar for its picturesque beauty of lush forests, __1__ (impress) waterfalls and glistening lakes. As China endeavors toward __2__ (cut) its carbon emissions by 2020,

however, Jiuzhaigou is also a pioneer for biodiversity conservation and environmental __3__ (aware) in China by advocating eco-tourism. Listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1992 and a World Biosphere Reserve in 1997, the area is home to many __4__ (endanger) plant and animal species, including the beloved Giant Panda. To explore the mountainous __5__ (surrounding) and away from the crowds, Zharu Valley, __6__ particular, is the designated eco-tourism zone within the national park. Visitors are restricted in number with access only via guided hiking to the undisturbed surroundings and furthermore, into

__7__ of the nine Tibetan villages __8__ occupy the region.

With China's carbon reduction efforts in full effect and Jiuzhaigou first in line to support a greener future, the area can __9__ (confident) look forward to welcoming many more generations of visitors __10__ (come)．

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨沟。

1．impressive/impressing考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive/impressing修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。

2．cutting考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutting作介词toward的宾语。

3．awareness考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。

4．endangered考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。

5．surroundings考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。

6．in考查固定搭配。固定搭配in particular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故用介词in。

7．one考查代词用法。与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of呼应。

8．that/which考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。

9．confidently考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，甚至用来修饰整个句子，作状语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“look forward to”，符合语境。

10．to come考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句子谓语“look forward to”之间没有连词。

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内

容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·贵州普通考试)

When a woman took the seat beside me on a plane, I __1__ (feel) unhappy. She had to lower herself slowly, squeezing her body into the small space. “My name is Kelly. I'm from Canada. Where __2__ you from？” She waved a hand in front of my face.“China，” I said as I shook her hand unwillingly. Kelly kept talking to me. She was very thoughtful. When we __3__ (serve) drinks and meals, she made sure that I had enough room in my seat. “I don't want to make you __4__ (comfort) with my elephant size！” she said sincerely. I couldn't help letting down my guard. As we talked, I was surprised by her wise __5__ (word). She had read many books and was very smart. I asked her if she ever thought about __6__ (lose) some weight. “Aren't you worried about the diseases that come with being overweight？” “Not at all. I eat __7__ (health) food and walk regularly，” She said.“I beli eve in my heart, the people who get diseases are the ones who worry. You see advertisements from exercise centers that read, ‘Free yourself from your extra baggage, so you are free to be __8__ (you)．’ You're free only __9__ you're comfortable with who you are！” I suddenly realized that Kelly was __10__ most beautiful and clever woman I had ever met in my life.

【解题导语】本文讲述了作者乘坐飞机时起初对旁边胖胖的女乘客没有好感。后来她的热情及对生活的感悟让作者刮目相看。

1．felt考查时态。本处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故用felt。