专业英语
English for Tourist guides
Lecturer: Zong Yuanyuan
Chapter 1
Profile of Tourist guides
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/159139773.html,s and Roles of the Tourist guides
Western tourist guides:
local guides; city guides, step-on guides (step- ons)
tour manager(领队，团长), docent（博物美术馆的讲解员）, interpreter（讲解员、定点导游）
China’s tourist guildes :
national guide(全陪)；local guide（地陪）；interpreter/spot guide; tour manager/ tour escort.
2. Basic Roles
Travel with the group through out China
Represent the receptive travel agency in China and sees to it that the itinerary is carried out smoothly.
Technical aspects of the trip and coordinate all of the tour managements
ex: primary interaction with local guides/the
tour manager/tour escorts
interaction with the tour group in and throughout the tour on time schedules, regulation.
taking care of baggage handling, hotel, train and ship room assignments, airline tickets, passports, visas, group c heck-in and seating, meals, special needs (including special diet) ,and health problems.
Chapter 2 Work and Responsibilities
1.Meeting Guests at the airport
1.1 Procedures to remember:
1. Come to the airport at least 30 minutes in advance; check the arrival terminal to confirm the actual arrival time and arrival gate.
2. Walk to the gate, establish a meeting / waiting site for the group, and note the location of the baggage claim area
3. Receive the group and offer a friendly greeting ,inquire about their trip, and give brief but clear instructions as to the immediate procedures
4. Help tourists when they collect their luggage, and remind them to check if there is any damage. And then transfe r the luggage to the vehicle.
5. Escort the tourists to their motor coach.
1.2 The checklist of things a local guide needs to prepare before meeting guests at the airport:
Itinerary
Passenger lists, with person in charge noted
Booking information: the hotel, coach, meals, the attractions, transportation for next stop
4.Coupons to the restaurants and attractions, tickets
5.Checks or vouchers for payment
6.Flag of the travel service
7. Name badge
1.3 Terms
Accept confirmation机票确认Advance reservation
Adult fare/children~/air fare
Air cargo
Air crew
Runway
Airfreight 航空运费
Airline terminal
Airport bus
Airport tax
Animal quarantine 动物检疫
Landing field 停机坪
News- stand, book- stall
Carry- on luggage 手提行李Certificate of vaccination 接种证书Charge for overweight
Charter flight 包机
Check- in baggage 托运行李
Custom bond 海关罚款
Custom clearance 海关手续
Custom detention 海关扣留
Custom declaration 海关申报
Custom tariff 关税率
Debentures 海关退税凭单
Dutiable articles 征税物品
Duty-free articles 免税物品
Duty-free allowance 免税金额
Flight board 班机时刻表
Free baggage allowance 免费托运重量Fuselage机身
Hatch 机舱
Cockpit驾驶舱
Fuel tank
Interline counter 转机柜台International pool service 国际联营航线
Layover 中途停顿
Undercarriage 起落架
Arrival lounge/lobby
Attend to go through/ entry (exit) (transit) formalities 入境出境过境
Automatic walkway
Baby- changing 婴儿盥洗室
Baggage check/label/tag
Boarding card 登机卡
Connecting bridge登机桥
~counter联机柜台
~ticket 联机机票
Contraband 违禁物品
Control tower
Custom dealer/clerk/officer/inspector
Custom duty
Custom inspection海关检查
Embarkation card 出境卡
ground staff/ crew 地勤人员
Immigration control 入境检查
Jet lag
1.4 Expression at the air pot
Hello, everyone. Welcome! How was your flight? I’m glad you enjoyed your flight.
You can relax now, and leave all your worries to me/ we are at your service!
I’m really looking forward to talking with you more, but for now, I thought you must be tired after this long flight and we’d better go straight to the hotel, where you can get settled.
Here’ s what we need to do is：the baggage will be arriving on gate 10 and I’ll lead the way. Once we’re there, I’ll designate an area where you ca n
put your bag when you identify them, and when we have all of them, we’ll proceed to the motor coach.
There are restrooms in the baggage area which you’re free to use, but please remain in the area, as we hope to be le aving the airport as quickly as possible.
Have you all got your baggage? Good, now let’s go to the motor coach. Please follow me and my flag. Your bagga ge will be put on another vehicle to be sent to the hotel. Don’t worry about it .
2. Welcoming Speech
2.1 Contents:
Give a brief introduction of him/herself and the driver and extend a warm welcome.
Concentrate on visitors’ immediate needs (tiredness,etc) and sets the stage for the remainder/arrangements of trip. The guides should arrive to all meeting places early and begin activities on time.
2.2 Industry routines and professional knowledge
The location of nearby medical facilities and local emergency procedures
Banking availability; Currency and exchange
Tickets ,shopping information and current theater and exhibition information
Information on calling taxis and fees
Restaurant recommendations, ex cuisine, price range
6. Local tipping customs
7. Safety tips and any unusual customs or help suggestions
2.3 a typical welcoming speech model
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Guangzhou, a bustling prosperous city representing the merit an d achievement of modern China since it adopt an opening policy. Are you eager to see the city? Yes, I’m sure you will have a lot to see and experience during this stop.
After the long flight you must be very tired, so now we are heading to our hotel directly so that you can get settled and have a good rest. It takes us about 40 minutes to get to the hotel, so let me introduce my team and our schedul e in this city first.
Our driver is Mr. Wang. You can just call him Lao Wang. He has about ten years driving and working experience i n the travel industry. My name is Li Ping. You can call me Lucy if it’s easier for you to remember. We ‘re from Chi na Youth Travel Service. On behalf of my company and my colleague I ‘d like to extend a warm welcome to you . Welcome to Guangzhou!
Perhaps the first thing you need to pay attention to in this stop is the coach you’re sitting in. Our coach is a yellow one with CYTS painted on both sides and the number is …You’d better remember the number so that you can iden tify the coach wherever necessary. As you are in a different culture and country, I am sure there are many things th at you’re not familiar with and feel uncomfortable. So please be straightforward if any problems arise. I also hope t hat you’re as understanding as you can. As your guide, I highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation.
Besides, we all want to be able to see and do everything that scheduled. We need to be efficient. Nobody wants to be sitting on the coach waiting for one or two people each morning, right? So why don’t we all agree right now to be considerate to everyone and no keep anyone else waiting. Ok?
Now let me introduce our schedule in the trip to Guangzhou…
3. Speeches on the coach
3.1 responsibilities of tour guide
1. check the coach: ex: cleanliness, microphone
2. establish a seat for the guide himself/herself: ex: courier seat 副座，private conversation
3. what to interpret on coach: today’s schedule, flora, fauna, historical buildings and other sights being passed by the coach, the shopping tip presentation.
4. entertain the tourists on long journey；supervise and relax, arrangement of the next day (morning call time, breakfast time, departure time)
3.2 typical speeches on the coaches
Good morning ,ladies and gentlemen:
Thank you for your punctuality. I know you’re all eager to have a visit and experience by yourselves. As we are all here already, let’s head for our first destination for today.
Here is our schedule. In the morning ,we are going to visit Y uexiu(越秀) Park where you can take pictures before the five-goat statue on Yuexiu hill, which is the emblem of Guangzho u. Then we are going to Shanmian Island and the nearby Qingpin Market. We will have lunch in a restaurant in the island and in the afternoon we are going to visit Chen Clan Academy. After that you can have a nice walk along the Shangxiajiu road, a famous pedestrian shopping street. The street offers a wide collection of local handicrafts. You can shop while appreciating the traditional South China architecture along the shopping street. At dinner we have some local specialties for you. After
dinner we will take a night cruise to see the magnificent night view of the city. We will come back to hotel at abo ut ten’o’clock at night. It takes about 30min to get to Y uexiu Park and I would like to say a few words about our fir st destination, the Y uexiu Park and Zhenhai Tower.
Y ueXiu Park is Guangzhou’s largest park. It’s a beautiful landscaped park with three artificial lakes , seven hills and lush greenery. There are three main places that we are going to visit.
One is Henhailou(Tower overlooking the sea). This former tower serves as a history musenm of the city now. Th e second is Monument of Dr.SunYat-sen, which is not far from Zhenhailou. The third is the Five-goat Statue on Y u exiu Hill.
You may have heard that Guangzhou is know as City of five Goats (City of Five Rams ).There is an interesting story about the orgin of the same . Legend has it that more than 2000 years ago, five immortals riding five rams d escended on the land of Guangzhou with rice in their hands.
They brought luck and happiness to the people and wished them free from famine .then the immortals flew away a nd the five rams turned into stones and remained on the land. Through the stone statue this wonderful story has bee n vividly represented. The stone statue was designed and made in 1959 and became the city emblem since then. (on the way indicating city high-rises and highlights)
Ladies and gentlemen, in front of us is the Zhongxin Plaza. It’s the highest building of Guangzhou…
The tree that line up the street are redbud and palm strees. Redbud(紫荆)is very popular in HK and Guangzhou.
To the east of the hall is the location of Guangdong Provincial Government, to the south is
the official building for the Committee of People’s Congress of Guangdong Province and to the north is the Yuexi u Park.
Here is our destination . We will be in the park for about 40min. Now is ten minutes past nine, so let’s come back a t 10. please remember. Now take your handbag and follow me.
Please remember that the color of our coach is yellow, with CTYS painted on both sides of the coach and the numb
er is…
(at the end of the day)
Ladies and gentleman, now we are approaching our hotel ,how do you like your trip today? You
must be very tired after the whole day visit Now you can have a good rest at the hotel.
if you would like to have some outdoor night activities, take good care of yourselves and belongings. It is prefer able that you go in small groups and avoid going near the train station area where one might enconter more crime s uch as pickpocketing .please don’t come back too late.
Our schedule for tomorrow is : morning call
at 7:30, breakfast at the Four Season Restaurant on the ground flour at 8 and we are going to take off at 8:30 shar p for the tours for tomorrow. Have a nice rest at the hotel and see you tomorrow.
3.3 Farewell Speech
Dear friends, ladies and gentlemen:
Time flies quickly and your trip to China is drawing to an end. A fortnight ago, you came to China totally curious a nd excited. Now you are leaving Guangzhou for USA full of memories and perceptions of the places you’ve visite d.
During the tour ,you’ve visited Beijing ,capital of the world’s oldest and most continuous civilization. You’ve visit ed picturesque Hangzhou, Suzhou and Shanghai, the glamorous pearls at the Yangtze River delta, the former parad ise under heaven and current economic spearhead of the country. You ‘ve visited Guangzhou, where you enjoyed most widely-known foods of distinctive southern features and combination of different cultures. Though time is sh ort, I ‘m sure
You have discovered your own China and you’re leaving with lots of memories and experiences . I hope in the futu re you can come back and visit more places so that your discovery will be more complete and colorful.
I ‘ve been with you for two weeks. During the two weeks, we have been through many pleasures. You are very co operative ,understanding and punctual. You make my building work easy and enjoyable. I do appreciate that. I will always keep the sweet memories when we were together. I hope you can revisit china and I will be your guide agai n.
There is a saying,” you can please some of the people all the time, some of the other people some of the time, but you can’t please all of the people all of the time.” If you are happy with your tour, tell your friends; if not , ple ase write to us so that we know how to improve in the future.
Once again, thank you for your cooperation. On behalf of my company and my team, I wish you a pleasant and smooth journey back to your country. Bye!
Expression:
The current trip is drawing to a close. Parting is such sweet sorrow.
Were you in good company? Were you well looked after?
Make new friend but keep the old. One is silver and the other is gold.
Chapter 3 regulations and service requirements
requirements of a guide in professional image and personal presentation
dress and appearance should suit the job,the company and tourists’ expectations.
avoid bizarre costumes and wearing too much make-up.
must wear the name badge or ID card
personal hygiene and attitudes,be attentive ,enthusiastic, thoughtful and dependable.
Preparation before meeting a tour group
prepare the itinerary, booking information of the hotels, coach,meals ,the attractions and the transportation tickets
for the next stop, name badge, flag of the travel service and signboard for the first meeting at the designated spot.
Preparation in terms of language and knowledge before meeting a tour group
review materials introducing the attractions included in the itinerary
visit the site in advance and read related or relevant litreature
prepare related information ,language expression and vocabulary concerned.
Despond if the tour group asks to make changes of itinerary or add new sightseeing spots
Except for safety, be conservative about altering itineraries
if the tour group strongly asks for changes, the guide must report to his travel agency about it. If the offer is reaso nable, the guide can try to fix it into the itinerary but state that any extra expenditure incurred must be born by the t ourists.
Introduction to a tour group on the way to a tourist attraction
Brief greeting and overview of the day’s schedule
Safety rules and regulation
Inform the group of what they are going to see at the immediate destination
Introduce the flora, fauna, history buildings and other sights being passed by the coach
Local customs and taboos ,shopping tips
The main requirements of a local guide in the interpretation
stop before a site, gather the group together and then tell the stories
historical background, special characteristics and value
vivid interpretation
give free time to tourist inside the attractions.
Shopping tips
lead tour groups to the designated shops for shopping,
don’t personally patronize any shop and ask for kick-back (rebate)
give information on the local products, ex, the characteristics, price range, and way to distinguish varying qualitie s of the products. etc. Give tips on shipping formalities.
remind the tourists to be mindful of persons (peddlers) who sell by force.
try to help the tourists solve the problems if any conflicts occur in terms of shopping.
Ways of protecting the safety of the tourists and prevent accidents
share the concerns they may have about a tour’s schedule, pace ,activity level and food.
avoid outdoor sightseeing or climbing activities in extreme weather ,providing liquids and frequent breaks
pay attention to warnings or signs at the
Attraction
Remind the tourist to take care of their own safety and their personal belongings.
dealing with visitor ‘ lost
try to find the tourist while the local guild continued to lead the group on the visit.
contact the management department of the attraction and ask them to help the tourist through broadcasting.
If it’s well over the designated get-together time, contact the hotel to see if the tourist has returned to the hotel by h im/herself
Report the incident to the tour company
Consider other arrangements when necessary and ask help from the police
Write a report of the incident
dealing with tourists suddenly fainted
Lay the patient down his back with his chin lifted up and head slightly tilted back
If not, ask for doctors, call an ambulance or drive directly to a nearby hospital/ ask for a doctor in the group and gi ve the patient first-aid
Report the incident to the local tour operator and ask the local company for help.
The tour manager should accompany the patient to the hospital and at the same time
ask his family and one of tourists to accompany them as a witness to the process of rescue.
Deal with the patient’s visa reqiurements and help to arrange the return trip for the patient
Document the incident for later inspection
Dealing with the changes of menu or the scheduled restaurant required by tourists
report to the tour company and ask to contact the restaurant to make changes if the tourists bring forward the requ est.
Explain why the plan can’t be changed
The guild can help order but clarify that the bill shall be paid by tourists .
facing unexpected factors and changes of schedule on the way , what should the local guide do?
discuss the situation with TM and offer an alternative site or plan
explain the reason
stress the interests of the tourists will be maintained and substitute sites have been arranged into the schedule and introduce them
inform the tourists about the refunds if there are any.
how to prevent the tourists from losing their certificates, personal belongings and luggage?
Upon leaving a coach, hotel, or terminal, the guides should remind the tourists to check their certificates ,persona l belongings.
when transferring the luggage , the guide should carefully count the number of items and ask the bellman to sign the transferring paper
before leaving a coach, check personal belongings left accidentally and whether the window are shut and the door locked.
don’t keep any certificate or personal belongings for the tourists.
passport lose
ask the tour company to provide documentary evidence that the tourist has lost his passport.
go to the Guangdong Provincial Public Security Bureau and apply for a new passport
With the new passport, go to Consulate for an entrance clearance.
traffic accident
stay clam and don’t panic
report the road accident to the road accident and ask police for help
rush to rescue those injured, wait for an ambulance and send the injured to a nearby hospital report it to the tour company and ask for help
Write a formal report about the accident and document it.
专业英语练习卷 A
《专业英语(自动化)》 练习卷A 卷 一．Put the following words and phrases into English or chinese. (20*1=20) 1． 电路 2．控制系统 3．元件 4．电压 5．电流 6．欧姆定律 7．开关 8．指针 9．螺丝刀 10．引脚 11．Strip 12．Intergrated circuit 13．chip 14．sensor 15．maintenance 16．actuator 17．joint 18．servomotor 19．telerobot 20．gripper 二． C hoose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of the following sentences. (20*1=20) 1)Digital 2)analog, 3)positive 4)common 5)a function switch 6)a range switch 7)extended ranges of voltage 8)dc and ac 9)current 10) resistance 装 订 线
A multimeter is a general-purpose meter capable of measuring voltage, , , and in some cases, decibels. There are two types of meters: using a standard meter movement with a needle (see Fig 3.1(a)), and , with an electronic numerical display (see Fig 3.1(b)). Both types of meters have a (+) jack and a jack (-) for the test leads，to select dc voltage, ac voltage, dc current, ac current, or ohms and for accurate readings. The meters may also have other jacks to measure (1 to 5 kV) and current (up to 10A) there are some variations to the functions used for specific meters. 1)Resistance 2)placed across (in parallel) 3)be removed 4)in series with 5)mechanical adjust 6)automatic indicator 5)properly 8) test leads 9)correct 10)be opened Besides the function and range switches (sometimes they are in a single switch.) The analog meter may have a polarity switch to facilitate reversing the test leads. The needle usually has a screw for to set it to zero and also a zero adjust control to compensate for weakening batteries when measuring . An analog meter can read positive and negative voltage by simply reversing the or moving the polarity switch. A digital meter usually has an for polarity on its display. Meters must be connected to a circuit to ensure a reading. A voltmeter is always the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring current, the circuit must and the meter inserted the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring the resistance of a component in a circuit, the voltage to the circuit must and the meter placed in parallel with the component. 三.Read the following passage and answer the questions.（5*8=40） Robots Robots produce mechanical motion that,in most cases,results in manipulation or locomotion.For example,industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.Telerobots provide astronauts with large mainipulators for remotely performing spacecraft maintenance. Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fatigue.Robots on this automobile assembly line weld body parts together.The General Motors corporation uses about 16,000 robots to weld,assemble,and paint automobiles. Walking robots explore active volcanoes.Mechanical characteristics for robots include degrees of freedom of movement,size and shape of the operating space,stiffness and strength of the structure ,lifting capacity,velocity ,and acceleration
英语人物
Clarence Day Born in New York City, he attended St. Paul's School and graduated from Yale University in 1896, where he edited campus humor magazine The Yale Record.[7] The following year, he joined the New York Stock Exchange, and became a partner in his father's Wall Street brokerage firm. Day enlisted in the Navy in 1898, but developed cripplingarthritis and spent the remainder of his life as a semi-invalid. Works[edit]：The Story of the Yale University Press (1920) This Simian World (1920) The Crow's Nest (1921) Thoughts Without Words (1928) God and my Father (1932) In the Green Mountain Country (1934) Scenes from the Mesozoic and Other Drawings (1935) Life with Father (1935) After All (1936; posthumous) Life with Mother (1937; posthumous) The World of Books (1938; posthumous) Father and I (1940; posthumous) 欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威（Ernest Miller Hemingway，1899年7月21日－1961年7月2日），美国作家和记者，被认为是20世纪最著名的小说家之一。出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市郊区的奥克帕克，晚年在爱达荷州凯彻姆的家中自杀身亡。海明威一生中的感情错综复杂，先后结过四次婚，是美国“迷惘的一代”（Lost Generation）作家中的代表人物，作品中对人生、世界、社会都表现出了迷茫和彷徨。 在海明威一生之中曾荣获不少奖项。他在第一次世界大战期间被授予银制勇敢勋章；1953年，他以《老人与海》一书获得普利策奖；1954年，《老人与海》又为海明威夺得诺贝尔文学奖。2001年，海明威的《太阳照样升起》（The Sun Also Rises）与《永别了，武器》两部作品被美国现代图书馆列入“20世纪中的100部最佳英文小说”中。 海明威一向以文坛硬汉著称，他是美利坚民族的精神丰碑。海明威的作品标志着他独特创作风格的形成，在美国文学史乃至世界文学史上都占有重要地位。 海明威有着出色的语言驾驭能力，他常以最简单的词汇表达最复杂的内容，用基本词汇、简短句式等表达具体含义，用名词、动词来揭示事物的本来面目，丝毫无矫揉造作之感。从句式上看，海明威常用简短的陈述句进行语言表述，他认为没有必要用文字修饰雕琢来哗众取宠，只要将事物描述清楚就行，其他的则由读者来决定。语言风格：朴实、直观、含蓄情感、对话、男女关系
非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程
非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程 考试大纲 (试行稿) 《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(Non English Major Graduate Stu dent English Qualifying Test，简称GET)是根据《非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲(试行稿)》制定的。本大纲规定了硕士生英语学位课程通过考试的内容、形式、时间和计分。考试目的在于考核已修完研究生英语课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，以及实际掌握和运用英语的能力。 一、基础英语部分 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解(占15%)、词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(30%)、翻译(占20%)、写作(占10%)。分两份试卷：试卷一(Paperl)包括前四个部分，共80题；试卷二(Paper2)包括翻译和写作，共3题。全部题目按顺序统一编号。 第一部分听力理解(Part I Listening Comprehension)；听力理解部分主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，判断对话情景、场合、人物关系、身份和说话人的意图及话语含义的能力。共15题，考试时间为15分钟左右。主要测试考生能否一遍听懂语速为每分钟120个词的对话和短文。本部分共有二节： A节(Section A)：共9题，每题为一段对话。问句后有15秒间隙，要求考生从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 B节(Section B)：共6题，题目或为问句或为未完成的句子，分别安排在2—3篇听力材料之后。要求考生在15秒的间隙中从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 第二部分词汇(Part I Vocabulary)：词汇部分主要测试考生运用词汇和短语的能力。测试教学大纲的词汇表、词组表及词根词缀表所覆盖的内容。着重测试研究生阶段所学的词和基础词的多种词性及词义搭配、易混词的区别及难词的认知。词汇与词组的比例为7∶3。共20题，分A、B两节，考试为10分钟。 A节(Section A)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句中有一词或固定词组下面划有横线，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出该划线词或词组的最佳同义词或最佳释义。 B节(Section B)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句子中有一个空白，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出最恰当的词或词组使该句成为逻辑合理、表达正确的英文句。 第三部分完形填空(Part III Cloze Test)：主要测试考生在语篇水平上的理解能力和实际运用语言的能力。测试内容可以是句型、结构，也可以是词汇、词组和习惯用语。共15题。考试时间为10分钟。测试的形式是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200—250词)
专业英语复习
词汇：英汉互译 Cash Revenue Note Payable Accountant Accounting Equation Current Assets Rent Expense Building Insurance Accounting Entity Creditor Assets Liabilities Owner’s Equity Debt Balance Sheet Loan Cash Flow Statement Income Statement Expense Profit Loss 确定以下账户属于资产(Assets)、负债(Liabilities)、还是所有者权益(Owner’s Equity) Prepaid Expense Land Utilities Expense Prepaid Insurance Office Supplies Rent Expense Buildings Salaries Expense Advertising Expense Office Furniture Note Receivable Rent Payable Equipment Unearned Revenue Sales Revenue Account Receivable Note Payable Copyright Interest Payable Service Revenue 为下列交易编制分录及试算平衡表 The owner invested cash to open the business. The owner rented an office and paid rent in cash The owner purchased office supplies on account The owner providing service on account for other company The owner paid cash to buy the new office furniture The owner partly paid his account payable The owner Collected his account receivable The owner Borrowed cash by signing note payable. The owner invested for a piece of land by cash The owner withdrew cash for personal use.
大学各专业课程中英文对照
大学各专业课程中英文对照 A开头的课程 ALGOL语言ALGOL Language BASIC & FORTRAN 语言BASIC Language & FORTRAN Language BASIC 语言BASIC Language BASIC 语言及应用BASIC Language & Application C 语言C Language C++程序设计C++ Program Designing CAD 概论Introduction to CAD CAD/CAM CAD/CAM CET-4 College English Test (Band 4) CET-6 College English Test (Band 6) COBOL语言COBOL Language COBOL语言程序设计COBOL Language Program Designing C与UNIX环境C Language & Unix Environment C语言科学计算方法Scientific Computation Method in C C语言与生物医学信息处理C Language & Biomedical Information Processing dBASE Ⅲ课程设计Course Exercise in dBASE Ⅲ FORTRAN 77 语言FORTRAN 77 Language FORTRAN语言FORTRAN Language FoxBase程序设计FoxBase Programming Hopf代数Hopf Algebra Hopf代数与代数群量子群Hopf Algebra , Algebraic Group and Qua ntum Group IBM-PC/XT Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PC/XT IBM-PC微机原理Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PC IBM汇编及高级语言的接口IBM Assembly & its Interfaces with Advanced Programming Languages Internet与Intranet技术Internet and Intranet Technology LSI设计基础Basic of LSI Designing OS/2操作系统OS/2 Operation System PASCAL大型作业PASCAL Wide Range Working PASCAL课程设计Course Exercise in PASCAL PASCAL语言PASCAL Language PC机原理Principle of PC Unix编程环境Unix Programming Environment Unix操作系统分析Analysis of Unix System VLSI的EDA技术EDA Techniques for VLSI VLSI技术与检测方法VLSI Techniques & Its Examination VLSI设计基础Basis of VLSI Design Windows系统Windows Operation System X光分析X-ray Analysis X射线金属学X-Ray & Metallography X射线与电镜X-ray & Electric Microscope Z-80汇编语言程序设计Z-80 Pragramming in Assembly Languages
英语专业知识
英语各类考试 三一口语（GESE）的全称为：英国伦敦三一学院英语口语等级考试（GESE-Graded Examinations in Speakers of Other Languages），它是经英国文化委员会提议，专门为非英语国家设计的纯英语口语等级考试体系。该考试共有12个级别，分成4个档次，每个档次有三个级别，其中1-6级是非常适合孩子的，这是现有英语考试中不多的适合孩子考试之一；7级以上不太适合孩子，但也可以考。 等级考试描述 英国伦敦三一学院英语口语等级考试（GESE-Graded Examinations in Speakers of Other Languages）是经英国文化委员会提议，专门为非英语国家设计的英语口语等级考试体系。目前已在世界四十多个国家和地区开展这项考试。1995年，北京高等学校教育科技发展中心开始与伦敦三一学院在教师培训和口语考试方面进行合作并取得了较好的效果。1999年，北京教育考试院与伦敦三一学院正式签署合作协议，引进该项考试。 等级考试的权威性 伦敦三一学院（TCL-Trinity College London）是经英国政府批准、为英国文化委员会承认的考试机构。伦敦三一学院在世界各地举办音乐、戏剧、英语口语等多类考试，是英国英语口语考试和授予英语教师资格证书的主要机构之一，也是英语考试服务系统的主要国际承办者之一。1995年，伦敦三一学院因其英语教育方面的成就获得英国女王嘉奖。伦敦三一口语证书是目前最火爆的口语水平测试证书，它以其权威性、实用性、系统性成为重点中学所青睐的英语口语能力证明之一。三一口语考试共分为12个级别，每三个级别为一个阶段，三一口语考试每月底进行，一个半两个月后出成绩。 内容 三一口语测试适于6-7岁以上母语为非英语的英语学习者。此项测试共分为四段12个级别。1-3级为预备段；4-6级为初级段；7-9级为中级段；10-12级为高级段。高级别的考试涵盖低于该级别的其他级别的内容。考试形式为考生与考官进行一对一的交谈。考试成绩评定：A—优秀，B—良好，C —及格，D—不及格 优势 大家为什么要考“三一口语”这一问题，首先，从发展方面来看，三一口语存在着很多的优势： 1.三一口语是国内第一个不与笔试捆绑的专项、系统的英语口语考试。 2.所有级别的考试都实行一对一的交流形式，与人机对话的考试方式相比更显人性化。 3.每个月中下旬组织一次考试，较之公共英语（每年仅三月和九月两次）机会较多。 4.三一口语考试无职业、学历、地域、年龄等限制，任何母语非英语的人员均可参加。 5.三一口语为水平考试，考试通过率高，证书颁发得快。对急于获得证书的家长是一个不错的选择。然后，再从学习成长方面来看，三一口语可能是所有认证考试中最适合学生学习的课程。三一口语的多层次、多类别、幽默风趣的学习方式更能够调动中小学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性。三一口语更侧语言沟通的交流与表达，使得学生能在学习的过程中快速的提高自己的英语表达水平，非常有利于孩子以后的成长和发展。最后，从学习的困难
专业英语习题
专业英语习题 一、单项选择题 1. Which of the following are reported in the stockholders? equity section of the balance sheet? ( ) a.revenues and expenses b.dividends and retained earnings https://www.wendangku.net/doc/159139773.html,mon stock and dividends https://www.wendangku.net/doc/159139773.html,mon stock and retained earnings 2. Current assets are presented in the balance sheet in order of ( ) a.dollar amounts b.liquidity c.solvency d.the alphabet 3. Current liabilities include all of the following except ( ) a.accrued wages payable b.advance received from customer c.current portion of long-term loan d.prepaid expenses 4. Credit terms of 2/10 n/30 indicate: ( ) a. a 2% discount if 10 items are purchased b.no payment is required until the 31st day after the invoice date c. a 10% discount if 2 items are purchase d. d. a 2% discount for amounts paid within 10 days of the invoice and the remaining balance due within 30 days 5. Which statement regarding the inventory turnover ratio is Not True? ( ) a.The ratio measures the average rate of speed inventories move through and out of company. b.Inventory turnover=Average Inventory COGS c.Inventory turnover figures vary considerably from industry to industry. d. A low inventory turnover can result from an overextended inventory position or from inadequate sales volume. 6. Which statement regarding the liabilities and owners?equity section of balance sheet is False? ( )
大学各个专业名称的英文翻译
中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学Philosophy 哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism xx 哲学Chinese Philosophy xx 哲学Foreign Philosophies 逻辑学Logic 伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion 科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy 经济思想史History of Economic Thought 经济史History of Economic
西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学(含税收学) Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics 统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics
非英语专业的我如何成为一名翻译
非英语专业的我如何成为一名翻译 通常一些不太熟悉的人问起大学学什么专业的时候，我一般都会简单的说英语专业。一来我确实有个英语专业的本科文凭，虽然是自考的。并且我又做了多年的英语翻译，水平也不错。另外还有一个很大的原因是这样可以避免过多的解释。其实我大学里学的不是英语专业。作为一个高中时期物理化学成绩很出色的理科生，虽然我也非常喜欢英语和历史、文学，但是在填报大学专业的时候却想都没想就惯性地全选了理工类。不得不说，当时的自己视野非常狭窄，十几年前网络信息还没有这么发达，几本厚厚的专业填报指南在同学手中传来传去，每个专业看上去都神秘而神圣。我当时没有在外上大学的亲友给参谋，父母文化程度也不高，社会经验仅限于所在乡镇最多到县城的小世界，无法给予我额外的指导和启发。而自己在多年强化学习的过程中也从未关注过自己内心的需求，从来没有想过自己真正喜欢什么，未来想要做什么。虽然学习成绩不错，也都是一路被老师和考试推着走过来的。可以说，那个时候心智尚未开启，一切都很懵懂。进入大学以后，视野慢慢变得开阔，接触的人群里有了很多思想比较先进头脑灵活行为独树一帜的人，逐渐受到震撼和启发，自己也开始无意识地寻找自己的个性和定位。后来我强烈地意识到自己以后不想做一辈子科研类的工作，
也不愿意与机器打交道，而是更愿意与人打交道。同时，也认识到英语一直是我的强项，也是我的兴趣所在。但是那个时候已经大三了，换专业已不可能。除非重新参加高考，否则我只能老老实实把本专业课程学好，不然连本科毕业证都拿不到。我不想再浪费几年光阴重新高考，但是又想以后从事英语方面的工作，觉得自己必须得有个学历证明才好找工作。后来听人说有自学考试这个东西，我就很果断地去了当地的自考中心咨询。报考条件没有太多限制，看到有英语这个专业，我当场就报了名，还买回几本专业课的课本。记得那个时候自学考试每年有四次考试时间，上半年下半年各两次。我一次报两个科目，自己买课本和习题自学。不得不说，自己感兴趣的事情做起来就特别有动力。那些纯英文版的《语言学》、《词汇学》、《英语高级语法》、《英美文学》等专业课本，里面很多理论和术语都非常枯燥。但是我不仅一本本啃完了，还做了很多笔记，比老师上课时还认真。当然这些基本都是在课余时间做的，因为本专业的课还要上，有的老师会点名的。有的时候也去英语系蹭课，因为特别珍惜老师授课的机会，所以听得也超级认真。就这样在大学毕业的那年，我把英语专业的所有自考科目都考过了。最后还要写论文并做论文答辩，主题可以是文学作品分析、语言学翻译学理论分析等。我喜欢文学，但因为一些传统的经典作品都有很多人写过，很难写出新意。我就选了诺贝尔文学奖获得
专业英语部分习题答案参考
b--吡啶pyridine 巴比妥酸:barbituric acid 比电导conductance 不规则的:irregular 崩解剂disintegrant c--萃取extraction 成团:agglomeration 测量仪measurement 肠液:intestinal fluid d--胆固醇cholestero 对映体:enantiomer 电极electrode 代谢:metabolism f--反相渗透reverse osmosis 分布:disposition g--构象:conformation 固化:solidize j--甲苯toluene 静脉注:intravenous injection 挤压:compress 聚集:aggregate 胶囊capsule l--粒子:particle 立体选择性:stereoselectivity 利用率:availability m--灭菌产品sterile products n--粘合剂adhesive p--偏振光:polarized light 片剂tablet 配剂elixir 排泄:excretion q--起始原料starting materials(raw materials) q醛aldehyde r--溶解度:solubility 乳剂emulsion 润滑剂lubricant s--释放:release 渗液solution 生物膜:biologic membrane 生物碱alkaloid, t---糖浆syrup 甜味剂sweetener w--丸剂pill 微生物microorganism 胃液:gastric fluid 稳定态:steady-state x--旋光异构现象:optical isomerism 悬浮液suspension 香味剂flavor 稀释剂diluent 形状:shape 吸收:absorption 消除:elimination y--胰岛素insulin 压片:tablet compression z--中间体intermediate 重结晶recrystallization 左旋:levorotation 蒸馏distillation 组织tissue a--asymmetric carbon不对称碳absorption吸收action动作adhesive粘合剂 c--contamination污染chirality:手性compress压缩composite合成的compressibility:可压缩性compaction:压紧contamination specialize特殊污染conductivity电导率control:控制clinical:临床的 d-- design:设计dry:干燥delivery:传送 e-- extend:延长epoxide:环氧化物 f-- formulation:制剂fluidity:流动性function:功能 g-- geometric isomerism:几何异构 h-- hormone激素hydrolysis diastereoisomer:水解非对映异构体 heterogeneous catalyst多相催化剂， i-- irrigating冲洗 m-- metabolite代谢物medication药物治疗medicine内服药mill:研磨 measure尺寸mix:混合microorganisms微生物 o-- ophthalmic眼药 p-- polysaccharide多糖peptide肽plasma血浆penicillin青霉素， precursor:前体partition coefficient:狭义分配系数pharmaceutical制药的 parenteral注射药物pycogens热源procedure:程序 q-- quality性质quantity数量 s-- steroid甾类steric effect:空间效应stereoselectivity:立体选择性 screening:过筛sustain :维持
大学各专业名称英文翻译——理科SCIENCE
大学各专业名称英文翻译理科SCIENCE 理科SCIENCE 课程中文名称课程英文名称 矩阵分析Matrix Analysis 面向对象程序设计方法Desig n Methods of Object orie nted Program 李代数Lie Algebra 代数图论Algebraic Graph Theory 代数几何（I ）Algebraic Geometry （I） 泛函分析Functional Analysis 论文选读Study on Selected Papers Hoof 代数Hoof Algebra 基础代数Fundamental Algebra 交换代数Commutative Algebra 代数几何Algebraic Geometry \ /
Hoof 代数与代数群量子群Hoof Algebra , Algebraic Group and Qua numb G roup 量子群表示Representation of Quantum Groups 网络算法与复杂性Network Algorithms and Complexity 组合数学Combinatorial Mathematics 代数学Algebra 半群理论Semigroup Theory 计算机图形学Computer Graphics 图的对称性Graph Symmetry 代数拓扑Algebraic Topology 代数几何(II ) Algebraic Geometry (II ) 微分几何Differential Geometry 多复变函数Analytic Functions of Several Complex Varian les 代数曲面Algebraic Surfaces 高维代数簇Algebraic Varieties of Higher Dimension 数理方程Mathematics and Physical Equation
非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲
非英语专业研究生英语（第一外语） 教学大纲 －、总则 （—）为了保证达到《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》中规定的外国语学习要求，进行非英语专业研究生英语课程的教学工作，特制定本大纲。 （二）研究生英语教学的宗旨是为了使学生掌握英语这门工具进行本专业的学习、研究与国际交流，为我国的社会主义建设服务，在教学中要坚持从实际出发、学以致用的原则，培养和提高研究生运用英语的能力。 二、硕士研究生的英语教学与考试 （一）教学对象 本大纲的教学对象是非英语专业的硕士研究生（以下简称硕士生）。硕士生入学时应达到以下水平： （1）掌握4000个左右常用单词及370个左右常用词组（能正确识别词类，选择词义），对其中1500个左右基本词能复用性掌握（即能正确识别词类，选择词义，英汉互译，熟悉某些常用搭配和用法）并具有初步的构词知识； （2）掌握基本语法知识（具备大学英语覆盖的语法知识）； （3）能阅读一般难度（相当于大学英语四级课文的难度）的英语读物，理解基本正确，阅读速度为每分钟50词左右。 1
（4）能将一般难度的英语短文译成汉语，理解基本正确，译文达意；能将一般难度的汉语句子译成英语，内容表达与语法基本正确； （5）具有初步的写作能力。 硕士生中有一定数量单独考试入学的学生，其入学水平亦应逐步达到上述要求。 （二）教学目的 硕士生英语教学目的是培养学生具有较熟练的阅读能力，一定的写、译能力和基本的听、说能力，能够以英语为工具进行本专业的学习和研究。对听、说能力要求较高的专业，可根据需要，加强听、说能力的培养。 （三）教学要求 硕士生的英语教学包括基础英语和专业英语两部分。 1、基础英语部分 （1）词汇 理解性掌握5000个左右的常用单词及500个左右常用词组，复用性掌握其中2000个左右的基本词。认知120个左右常用词根和词缀，并能根据构词法识别派生词。 （2）语法 能较熟练地运用语法知识，能理解语法结构复杂的长难句。 （3）读 2
专业英语词根知识讲解
专业英语词根
词根与词缀 1.narc（o）麻醉，睡眠 narcosis 麻醉 narcolepsy 嗜眠症 2.somn（o）；somn（i）；hypn（o）睡 somnolent 瞌睡的，嗜眠的 hypnosia嗜眠 troph（o）营养 trophocyte 滋养细胞https://www.wendangku.net/doc/159139773.html,ct（o）乳，乳酸 lactobacilli 乳（酸）杆菌 lactose 乳糖 4.albumin（o）蛋白（质） albuminuria 蛋白尿 protein 蛋白质，蛋白 proteinemia 蛋白血症5.gluc（o） glyc（o）葡萄糖 glucopenia 低血糖 glycogen 糖原
6.adip（o）脂 adiposis 肥胖症 adipoma 脂瘤 7.steat（o）脂，脂肪 steatoma 脂瘤 steatosis 脂肪变性 8.lip（o）脂，脂肪 lipidosis 脂沉积症 lipoma 脂肪瘤 9.orth（o）直立，正常，正 orthodontics 正牙学，正畸学 orthogenics 优生学 10.path（o）病，疾病 pathoanatomy 病理解剖学 pathology 病理学 11.gloss(o) ; lingu(o) ;stomat(o) 舌；口；口腔 stomatitis 口炎 stomatology 口腔学 12.sial（o）涎，唾液
sialosis 流涎；多綖 sialoangiitis 涎管炎 13.or（o）口 oropharynx 口咽（部） oronasal 口鼻的 14.hydr（o）水；氢 hydrothorax 胸膜腔积水 hydroa 水疱 15.dips（o）口渴 dipsosis 烦渴 dipsia 口渴 16. syn- ，sym合，同 Conception 妊娠，概念 Synchronia 同时性，同步性 Symbiology 共生学 17.gnos(o) 感知 gnosia 认识;感知 gnosis 感悟 18.onc（o）瘤，肿
春季专业英语复习
Final exam： I.Translate the following sentences into English: (20 points, 5 for each one) II.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese: ( 10 points) III.Answer the following questions: (40 points) IV.Reading and writing : (30 points) 1.What did Joseph Pulitzer provide his readers with? 2.What is news? What is journalism? How to differentiate them? 3.Why do we need news? Why do we care about the character of news and journalism we get? 4.What is the purpose of journalism? How to fulfill it? 5.What challenges the purpose of journalism? What is the old threat? Which one challenges journalism in China more? Why? 6.What is communication? Please draw the V-shaped continuum of communication process and explain it. 7.What are the 3 communication markets? What are the differences among them? We can see identifiable exchange of money taking place in 2 commercial markets, but there is no exchange of money happening in marketplace of ideas, instead, people exchange ideas. In consumer market, the suppliers are media, which provide