高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习(教师版)

高中阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧（教师版）

一、题型特点与命题方式

所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。

这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类：一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。

一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：

When / Where did the story happen?

Which of the following statements is (not) correct?

Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?

Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

All the statements are true except…

Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage?

Choose the right order of the events given in the passage?

该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

二、解题思路与应试技巧

细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：

1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。

2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。

3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。

4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。

干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：

1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际

上却是错误选项。

2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。

3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。

4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。

5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。

1、直接信息题

对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。

【例】61. How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?

A. 15 minutes.

B. 30 minutes.

C. 1.5 hours.

D. 3 hours.

【解析】A。直接信息题。快速查找题干中的关键词How long，charge up，iPhone，由第一段第一句Just plug RichardSolo 1800 into your iPhone once or twice a day, for fifteen minutes, and keep your iPhone charged up.可以得出答案为A。

【例】46. Edmonds entered the world of politics first as ________.

A. news secretary for a congressman

B. a speechwriter for President Clinton

C. news secretary in the White House

D. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala

【解析】A。直接信息题。快速查找题干中的关键词the world of politics，在第三段第二句话找到相关信息：He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman （国会议员）from Baltimore During Bill Clinton?s presidency… 因此答案为A。

2、间接信息题

做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。

【例】57. Which of the following is true of the Hatches?

A. They had their children during the Great Depression.

B. They left the family farm to live in an old house.

C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors.

D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs.

【解析】C。间接信息题。第四段第一句话说Hatch夫妇是在大萧条时期出生的(Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving.)，而不是他们在大萧条时期有了孩子，排除A；第三段提到他们的老房子位于他们家的农场里，B错误；第二段提到他们帮助有困难的邻居们，但未提及帮助他们找工作，D项错误。C项说Hatch 夫妇把他们的钱全都赠给了他们的邻居们，符合文意。

3、数字计算题

数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。

【例】61. The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely

to be fined up to _______.

A. ￡60

B. ￡300

C. ￡900

D. ￡980

【解析】D。依据文章第一段可知，这种罚款可高达900英镑(Foreign drivers will have to pay on-the-spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.)，再依据第二段If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped（扣留）until they pay — and they will face an additional fee of ￡80 for getting back their vehicles.可知本题选D，即当场不能交罚款的外国司机罚款的费用是900+ 80=980英镑。

4、排列顺序题

这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。

【例】64. Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project?

A. Assessment — Prototype — Design — Construction.

B. Assessment — Design — Prototype — Construction.

C. Design — Assessment — Prototype — Construction.

D. Design — Prototype — Assessment — Construction.

【解析】D。请看文章第二段：

Gerner manages school facilities（设施）for Clark County, Nevada, a district roughly the size of Massachusetts. By 2018, 143,000 additional students will enter the already crowded public-education system. Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them. Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing primary school prototypes（样品）; they plan to construct their schools starting in 2009. The district will then assess how well the schools perform, and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.根据第二段的描述，工程的实施应按照“设计—提供样品—评估—建设”的程序。其它程序都不符合标准的建筑要求。

【例】59. What?s the right order of the events related to Tanni?

a. She works as a coach.

b. She took up athletics.

c. She won four gold medals in Barcelona.

d. She competed in her first Paralympic Games.

e. She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.

A. b, d, c, e, a

B. a, d, b, c, e

C. a, d, c, e, b

D. b, d, a, e, c

【解析】A。排列顺序题。本题要求判断各个事件的先后顺序。观察文章的2～6段，注意几个表示时间的词（组）：1984，1988，1992，in the same year，2007，可帮助考生迅速找到答案。

5、图表图画题

在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。

【例】71. The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008, ________.

A. the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points

B. the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged

C. the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease

D. the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase

【解析】D。请看原文中的柱形图：

由柱形图可以清楚地看出，拥有电脑的亚洲家庭的数量急剧增加，其他三项表述都与图表不符，故D项正确。

【例】65. The package fee does NOT cover the cost of _______.

【解析】A。所给的四幅图画分别代表了“住宿”、“交通”、“游览”和“餐饮”。根据文章

中“All Fee?s Included. No Hidden Cost.”可知这次游览的费用都包含在“Package Fee”里面，没

有其它暗含的费用。但是由于这是一个总共5.7小时的游览，下午乘飞机返回还不耽误吃晚

饭和看日落（in time for dinner and sunset）可知是不需要住宿的，因此“住宿”的费用不包含

在整个费用之内。

专项练习：

【考例1】For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?

Q:Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?

A. Both can continue for generations

B. Both are about where to draw the line

C. Neither has any clear winner

D. Neither can be put to an end

【考例2】The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

Q:What were the people asked to do in the study?

A. To make a face at each other.

B. To get their faces impressive.

C. To classify some face pictures.

D. To observe the researchers? faces.

【考例3】Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of “Do no t do to others what you would not want others to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes.

Q:Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that .

A. all men were equal when they were born

B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class

C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom

D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to

【考例4】Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe.

Q:Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe?

A. To visit more ski areas.

B. To ski on natural snow.

C. For a large collection of ski suits.

D. For better services and equipment.

【考例5】He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it?

Q:What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas

【考例6】But Parbati doesn?t catch elephants just for fun. “My work,” she says, “is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man.” And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.

Q:For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to .

A. get long lasting excitement

B. keep both man and elephants safe

C. send them back to the jungle

D. make the angry elephants tame

【考例7】Parbati hasn?t always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. “Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an

adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase,” she says.

Q:Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, ______________.

A. she spent her time hunting with her father

B. she learned how to sing love songs

C. she had already been called an elephant princess

D. she was taught how to hunt tigers

【考例8】It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers （生产商）follow certain uniform standards for various features（特征）of clothes. What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men?s clothes tend to button from the right, and women?s form the left. Considering most of the world?s p opulation-men and women-are right-handed, the men?s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women?s clothes button from the left?

Q:What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B. It is different for men?s clothing and women?s.

C. It works better with men than with women.

D. It fails to consider right-handed people.

【考例9】The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivera, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company?s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.

Q:From the text we learn that__________.

A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year

B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s

C. some of Olivetti?s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy

D. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning

【考例10】After World War Ⅱ, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts（转移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）.

Q:Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?

A. Because older American cities were dying.

B. Because they were richer and needed more space.

C. Because cities contained the worst pare of society.

D. Because they could hardly afford a live in the city.

【考例11】When I was growing up in Ame rica, I was ashamed of my mother?s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.

Q:Why was the author?s mother poorly served？

A. She was unable to speak good English.

B. She was often misunderstood.

C. She was not clearly heard.

D. She was not very polite. W

【考例12】My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs. Tan.”

Q:From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was .

A. good a pretending

B. rude to the stockbroker

C. ready to help her mother

D. unwilling to phone for her mother

【考例13】The little baby whale—actually as big as our boat—was obviously stuck and could not move. The mother dived under the water and came up suddenly, making big whirlpools(漩涡) and waves. “She?s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said. At this point, my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently.

Q:The mother whale failed to help her baby because__________.

A.she had stayed in the polluted water for too long

B. the whirlpools she had made were not big enough

C. she had no other whales around to turn to for help

D. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction

【考例14】Fashion designer Angela Barnard, who runs her own fashion business in London, said older women were much more affected by celebrity(名流) style than in previous years .She said, “When people see stars such as Judi Dench and Helen Mirren looking attractive and fashionable in their sixties, they want to follow them. Older women ar e much more aware of celebrities .There?s also the boom in TV programmes showing people how they can change their look, and many of my older customers do yoga to stay in shape well in their fifties.

Q:What can we learn about old women in terms of fashion？

A.They are often ignored by fashion designers.

B. They are now more easily influenced by stars.

C. They are regarded as pioneers in the latest fashion.

D. They are more interested in clothes because of their old age.

【考例15】Andy rode slowly on his way to school, day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.He rode along until a strange around drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked him. A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like clack cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him.

Q:Why did Andy fail to notice the swarm of bees earlier?

A. He was riding to school.

B. He was listening to a strange sound.

C. He was going fishing with his father.

D. He was lost in the thought of the fishing trip.

【考例16】Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television. Nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noises with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other…s minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle（奇迹）it is.

Q:According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is .

A. our ability to use language

B. the miracle of technology

C. the amazing power of nature

D. our ability to make noises with mouth

【考例17】It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries. Then one day, some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog?s legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.

Q:From paragraph 1 we learn that the villagers __________.

A. worked very hard for centuries

B. dreamed of having a better life

C. were poor but somewhat content

D. lived a different life from their forefathers

【考例18】This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future. But the dream didn?t last long.

Q:Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs?

A. the frogs were easy money

B. They needs money to buy medicine

C. they wanted to please the visitors

D. the frogs made too much noise

【考例19】Fear plays no part in this latest problem. “I?m not afraid I?ll lose my children. I won?t lose my children. We live together, and nothing, nothing,” she repeats, her voice rising when speaking to John?s lawyer, “will stop me from being with my children.A law? Year, right. Don?t disturb me when it comes to my children. You are never going to win. If John wants to see them, I cannot stop him. He?s their father—I want them to see him! However, his visit in his present condition will disturb the children?s stable (稳定的) life.”

Q:According to Jane in the first paragraph, the law .

A. can?t take her children away from her

B. can?t do anything with the case

C. will best settle the problem

D. will disturb her children

【考例20】ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy. Q:What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?

A.Lower running costs.

B. Costing less in construction.

C. Less air to be lost in hot days.

D. Better prices for homeless people.

参考答案

1．选B。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句可直接判断答案为B项。

3. 选C。细节理解题。由第五段的第一句… they obser ved pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral可知，参与者被要求把面部表情的图片进行分类。所以C项正确。

3. 选B。细节理解题。根据第三自然段最后一句，跟孔子一样，苏格拉底认为，上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。故选B。

4. 选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe以及此段的最后一句But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match（敌得过）the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe.可知。

5. 选D.由倒数第三段的第一句话可知这名记者希望他的编辑能帮他把好的想法变成更好的

想法，与D项最接近。其他三项文中均未提到。

6. 选B。根据第四段“My work,” she says, “is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man.”可以得出答案B。

7. 选A。由第三段“After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city.”一句可知选A合适。

8. 选B。细节理解题。从第一段第二句话What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. 得出的。句意：然而令人奇怪的是适应于女性的标准和适应于男性的标准正好相反。所以是B项“男性的服装和女性的不同”。

9. 选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year.可知“到1930年，该公司已有员工700人，每年生产打字机13，000台。”

10. 选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. ”可知他们更富有而且需要更多的空间。

11. 选A。考查事实细节。根据第一段的“Because of her English, she was often

treated unfairly. ”可知.

12. 选D。考查事实细节。根据第二段的“I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. ”可知.

13. 选D。细节判断题。由第五段中…“She?s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said.…可直接判断得出答案。

14. 选B。细节判断题。由文中“…older women were much more affected by celebrity(名流) style than in previous years. ”和“…Older women are much more aware of celebrities”可以判定B项符合题意。

15. 选D。细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句“他忙于想象他要钓的鱼而没有注意周围的一切。”可知选D。其他三个选项均与信息句不符。

16. 选A。细节理解题。从第一段的第三句我们共有和体验过的奇迹是我们能够利用嘴发出声音，从而彼此之间传递观点可知，人类有利用语言的能力。此题易误选D，只考虑

了our ability to make noises with our mouths 而忽视了下文的中心。

17. 选C。细节理解题。从第一段中二三句话“The people were poor. However, they were not unh appy. ”可知“村民们虽然穷，但还是颇为满足的”。

18. 选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This seemed like money for nothing. ”句中“for nothing”是“免费的”意思，说明青蛙容易得到，并能赚到钱，村民才答应卖。

19. 选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“A law? Year, right. Don?t disturb me when it comes to my children. You are never going to win”.可知选项A正确。

20. 选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句话“Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. ”可知，达到这些标准使得房屋建筑成本提高了2%，但很快就会被它的较低的运营成本补回。故选项A正确。

巩固练习：（1）

Most people who enjoy movies do not really care how they are made. They just want to enjoy a good story. Movie producer and director George Lucas wants people to see the best made movies. So, his latest movie Star Wars was made without using film.

Star Wars was made using digital cameras. A digital camera does not use traditional film. It captures images on videotape. The images recorded on videotape are the placed in a computer.

George Lucas says that using digital cameras permits him to have much more control over the final product. For example, the image can be changed after it is placed in a computer. An expert can change color, add or take out objects, add people or beings who are not real. Much of what is seen in the new movie Star Wars is not real. Huge buildings, spacecraft and alien beings from other worlds were produced in a computer.

Movie experts say digital technology is the real future of the motion picture industry. A theater will no longer have to wait days or weeks to show a new movie. Theaters will be able to receive copies of new movies by linking computers. Or they will use small computer disks to get a copy of the movie.

When the new movie Star Wars was released last month, only 94 theaters around the world had the digital equipment needed to show it. So Mr. L ucas? company produced about 6,000 copies of the new digital movie on traditional film for release in most theaters. However, most people who have seen the movie say these film copies are of much better quality than other filmed movies.

Critics say the new digital technology is very costly. Many theater owners will not buy the new technology, yet many of the people who worked on the new movie Star Wars say they would not like to work with film again. They said using digital equipment was faster, and videotape is much less costly than film. One cameraman said the director of a movie can immediately see what was just recorded, something impossible to do with film.

1. According to George Lucas, what makes the best made movies possible?

A. A good story.

B. Film.

C. Digital cameras.

D. Videotape.

2. Which is NOT true for the real future of the motion picture industry, according to movie experts?

A. Linking computers for copies of new movies.

B. Showing filmed movies in theaters.

C. Using small computer disks to get a copy of the movie.

D. Having the digital equipment needed to show the movie.

3. According to the passage, which is true about the new movie Star Wars?

A. There are about 6,000 copies of the new digital movie.

B. It has been shown in only 94 theaters around the world.

C. It is the best among filmed movies.

D. It is the product of the new digital technology.

4. Which of the following is NOT the advantages of the new digital movie?

A. The director can have the objects and people added or taken out.

B. It will be more convenient for theaters to get such kind of new movies.

C. People all agree that the new digital movies are less costly than the filmed movies.

D. The director can monitor the recording and check what was recorded just now.

解析：

1. C。直接信息题。根据第一、二段内容可知，拍摄一部优秀电影的关键是数码摄象机。

2. B。间接信息题。根据文章内容，其它三项都是未来采用数码摄象机后可能会出现的情况，B项仍然是传统模式。

3. D。综合信息题。A项“偷换概念”，原文中说的6，000份是把Star Wars翻制成普通胶片电影；B项中说只在全世界94家影院放映也犯了“偷换概念”的错误，原文中说世界上只有94家影院有放映数字电影的设备，但接着又说生产了6，000份普通胶片的电影供更多的影院放映。C项“无中生有”，原文中并没有提到；D项符合原文信息。

4.C。综合信息题。只有C项与原文不符，对数字化电影的花费问题有两种不同的声音，反对者认为这种新技术费用昂贵。

（2）

As the US wakes up to China?s rising status as an economic and strategic competitor, US parents are urging their children to learn Chinese, reports Julian Borger.

The US is being swept by a rush to learn Mandarin—from wealthy New York mothers hiring Chinese nannies（保姆）for their small children to a defence department education project in Oregon.

The forces driving Mandarin?s momentum（势头）are parental ambition for children facing a future in which China is almost certain to be a major player, and the government is worried about that America may get left behind in that new world.

The bottleneck is the supply of teachers. Mandarin instructors are difficult to import and difficult to train. There are visa problems in bringing over teachers from China but the biggest barrier is cultural. Teaching in Asia is generally done by rote and the change to western, interactive styles of instruction can be a large leap.

On the other hand, it requires enormous firmness for westerners to learn a language like Chinese, with its thousands of written characters. According to the Asia Society in New York, all of America?s teacher-training institutions turn out only a couple of dozen homegrown Mandarin teachers.

One way to ease the shortage is to find native Mandarin speakers and use fast-track methods to train them. However, the majority of Chinese-Americans grew up speaking Cantonese, the dialect spoken in Hong Kong, where their parents came from. Many are themselves signing on as Mandarin students at the private language schools springing up on the west coast.

1. Why are US parents so eager to make their children learn Mandarin?

A. They are urged by the government to do so.

B. They are afraid to be left behind by other parents.

C. They believe China will play a major role in the future world.

D. They are just carried away by Mandarin?s momentum.

2. The underlined word “rote” in the 4th paragraph probably refers to a teaching pattern which .

A. focuses on memory work

B. allows the students to think independently

C. is centered on interactive skills

D. puts much emphasis on examinations

3. What is the main problem in the Mandarin?s momentum in the US?

A. The lack of qualified teachers.

B. The cultural barrier between the east and west.

C. The Americans? lack of firmness.

D. The many written Chinese characters.

解析：

1. C。直接信息题。从文章第三段“parental ambition for children facing a future in which China is almost certain to be a major player”可得出答案。

2. A。词义猜测题。从文章第四段西方互动教学方式与东方教学方式的对比关系中可得到答案，西方注重师生互动，东方注重记忆。故选A。

3. A。直接信息题。从文章第四段第一句话The bottleneck is the supply of teachers.可得到答案。

（3）

About The New Y orker:

The New Yorker is the eclectic magazine for readers interested in the arts, current events, and culture. The New Yorker includes articles on domestic and international news, exploring current ideas and trends, plus sports, fashion, and entertainment events. In addition, The New Yorker is

About Playboy:

Playboy is a magazine of literature, political thought, sports, commentary and humor. Although Playboy is most well known for its pictorials of beautiful women, it is also highly regarded for its interviews and fiction writing. Playboy includes regular feature articles on finance, sports, entertainment, self-improvement, technology, and psychology. You must be 18 or older to order Playboy

.

Nickelodeon is filled with wonderful entertainment for children. It is wholesome, imaginative,

and truly from a child?s point of view. Nickelodeon sees the world from your child?s perspective,

where it?s fun to laugh－to think－to do－to learn. Share the award-winning entertainment and humor magazine from

About Lucky:

Lucky is the ultimate shopping magazine with the best looks, the best buys, and the best trends before they hit the stores. But what makes really unique is all the detailed information you?ll get on how to purchase the merchandise you?ll find. Lucky provides you with 800 numbers, web site addresses, and more to make your shopping experience easy and convenient! Lucky is your one-stop shopping guide to all the greatest new products on the market. What?s more, it provides wonderful entertainment for women.

1. Which magazine gives buyers the largest price advantage in percentage?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

2. If you are a housewife, which magazine will you probably buy?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

3. If you are asked to choose a magazine for a little boy, which one do you think is suitable?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

4. What information is contained in all the four magazines?

A. Sports

B. News

C. Entertainment

D. Trends

5. For each issue, which magazine is the cheapest according to the advertisement?

A. The New Yorker

B. Playboy

C. Nickelodeon

D. Lucky

解析：

1. B。数字计算题。通过计算可知，Playboy这份杂志读者享受的折扣最大。

2. D。直接信息题。Lucky是一本关于购物的杂志，而且最后提到为妇女提供精彩的娱乐，因此最适合妇女阅读。

3. C。直接信息题。快速查寻About Nickelodeon可知这是一本适合儿童阅读的杂志。

4. C。直接信息题。快速查寻四本杂志的广告可知都含有Entertainment方面的内容。

5. A。数字计算题。通过计算可知，The New Yorker每期仅1美元，是四种杂志中每期最便宜的杂志。

（4）

Happiness pays off, studies show.

Psychologists seeking the real secrets of happiness report that very happy people tend to be more extroverted and agreeable than less happy people.

“Our findings suggest that very happy people have rich and satisfying social relationships and spend l ittle time alone relative to average people,” write psychologists Ed Diener and Martin E.P. Seligman in the journal Psychological Science.

Solid social relationships do not promise happiness, but they are an important contributing factor. The very happy people whom the authors studied all said they had good quality social relationships. However, the authors write, there is no single key to high happiness. “High happiness seems to be like beautiful symphonic（交响乐）music—including many instruments, without any one being enough for the beautiful quality.”

Diener regards happiness as “subjective (主观的) well-being” ―in other words, the person

evaluates（评估）his or her own quality of life. The question to ask is, “Is my life going well，according to the standards I choo se to use?” If the answer is “yes”, then that person is judged to be happy.

Because people evaluate their lives based on happiness，“subjective well-being is very important. Though necessary, it is not enough for having a good life. Subjective well-being “seems quite necessary for the good society, although it is not enough for that society because there are other things we also value and would want in such a place,” says Diener.

Can subjective well-being be measured scientifically? Diener points out three parts contributing to happiness: pleasant emotions and moods, lack of negative emotions and moods, and satisfaction judgment, to which other factors—including cheerfulness and feelings of fulfillment—may be added.

There is no magic formula（公式）for happiness. Diener suggests steps you can take to ensure you are as happy as you can be. Surrounding yourself with good friends and family—people who care about you and whom you care about — is a start. Joining in activities you enjoy and value is also important; whether it?s work or play, keeping busy in an environment enjoyable to you will contribute much to your subjective well-being. In addition, a healthy outlook is necessary.

1. The underlined word “extroverted” probably means______.

A. pleasant and social

B. hard-working and active

C. careful and shy

D. warm-hearted and helpful

2. Happiness and symphonic music are common in that __________.

A. they are both something beautiful

B. they both make people feel pleased

C. they both depend on more than one factor

D. they are both hard to achieve

3. According to Diener, a person can be judged to be happy when he ______.

A. has rich social relationships

B. spends more time with other people

C. lives a quality life

D. thinks his life is going well according to the standards he chooses to use

4. Which of the following does not belong to components contributing to happiness?

A. Pleasant moods.

B. Negative emotions.

C. Satisfaction judgment.

D. Feelings of fulfillment. 解析：

1. A。词义猜测题。从后面的agreeable（随和的）判断，此处词义为“外向的”，与A项最接近。

2. C。间接信息题。概括文章第四段可以得出答案：幸福和交响乐都不是单一成分组成的，而是取决于很多因素。

3. D。间接信息题。从文章第五段可得出答案：幸福是一个人的一种感觉，以自己选择的标准来衡量自己是否幸福。

4. B。间接信息题。从文章倒数第二段可知，不能构成幸福的显然是“消极情绪”。

高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习

阅读专题-----细节题 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题 主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题 两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就 能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类 题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。 这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若 干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类： 一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能 在原文中直接找到。 一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工 或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题 型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重 要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属 于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问 题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找 到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障 碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： 1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事 情。 3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要 回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

语文阅读题答题技巧

语文阅读题答题模式 题型一理解词语或句子的含义 提问方式：1．怎样理解...这句话在文中的含意? 2．作者为什么反复说...这句话? 3．某句话里的...词语的含义是什么? 答：○1写出表面意思；○2写出深层意思。 （1）对重要词语的“理解” 例2006年湖南《在山阴道上》：“好久以来，‘故乡’就在吸引着我”，句中“故乡”一词的含义是什么 答：①鲁迅的故乡(字面意思)②作者向往的精神家园。(内涵意义) （2）对句子的理解 例2007年广东卷《泥泞》：最后一段，作者既说“我们也不会刻意制造一种泥泞让它出现在未来的道路上”，又提出“我们是否渴望着在泥泞中跋涉一回呢”，你是如何理解的?(6分) 答：因为泥泞是浑然天成的，无法人为制造；而且泥泞象征着苦难与屈辱，没必要在未来的路上人为地设置逆境和挫折。但是泥泞可以使人警醒，给人力量，可以促使人们重温历史，所以当我们在顺境中茫然和麻木时，我们会渴望在“泥泞”中再跋涉一回。 （3）对标题的含义的理解 例《秋日里对春风的怀念》：试结合文章内容，解释题目“秋日里对春风的怀念”的含义。（4分） 答：○1“秋日”果实累累，文中指的是李文珍先生学有所成的学生们，“春风”指的是李文珍先生对学生的谆谆教诲和人格光辉；○2秋天的果实包含着春天雨露的滋润，寓学生对李文珍先生的充满深深的感激和怀念之情 题型二：文章的写作思路 提问方式：文章是怎样表现……的”或“如何”表达情感或主旨的？ 答：○1从结构和内容入手；○2从写作手法入手；如修辞的运用。

题型三：分析作用 （1）词语、句子的作用 （2）内容的作用：1.设置悬念，引起读者阅读的兴趣 2.为后面情节的发展作铺垫或埋下伏笔 3.照应前文 4.线索或推动情节发展 5.刻画人物性格 （3）结构的作用：①开头：开篇点题；照应题目；总领全文统摄全文；渲染气氛，埋下伏笔；设置悬念，为下文作辅垫、引人入胜 ②中间：过渡，承上启下；总领下文；总结上文；呼应前文 ③结尾：总结全文，点明主旨，照应前文，卒章显志。点明中心；深化主题升华感情，；照应开头，，前后呼应；结构严谨；画龙点睛；言有尽而意无穷（4）修辞的作用 提问方式：这句话运用了什么修辞方法？有什么好处？ 答：○1写出修辞；○2写出在文中如何运用；○3写出作用。 题型四：分析人物形象 。 答题技巧： (一)语文阅读分析常用名词 一、表达方式：记叙、描写、抒情、议论、说明 二、修辞手法：比喻、拟人、排比、夸张、反复、借代、反问、设问、引用、对比 三、说明文分类： 1、实物说明文、事理说明文、程序说明文 2、科技性说明文、文艺性说明文(也叫科学小品或知识小品) 四、说明顺序： 1、时间顺序：历史顺序、年代顺序、四季交替顺序、早晚(先后)顺序

高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之事实细节题型(正稿)

高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之事实细节题型 阅读理解满分秘籍——理解题干的要求是核心，分析选项的特点是基础，读懂原文的主旨是条件。做到题干、选项与原文内容的完美结合。 事实细节题型 高考《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求是：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义； （2）理解文中具体信息； …… 《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求的第一点是理解主旨要义。第二点就是理解文中具体信息。理解文中具体信息是阅读理解的基础，是考生透彻理解文章主旨要义的条件。具体信息是围绕文章主题展开的，是对文章主题的进一步解释说明，以便让读者更好地了解作者的写作目的、意图等。对应的题型就是事实细节题型。主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。该题型是阅读理解部分的主要题型，几乎占了阅读理解的二分之一。充分理解文章具体信息，不仅有助于事实细节题型的答题，而且有助于其他题型的答题。 事实细节题型特点 事实细节题型主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。通常会针对以下内容来出题。 1. 列举 主要考查考生对文章里列出的具体内容是否都完全清楚，通常都是三点或四点，主要针对两种题型：Which题型（要求考生从选项中选出根据文章内容正确的选项）和except题型（要求考生排除三个正确的选项，选择根据文章内容错误的选项，通常称为“三缺一”）。 要求考生正确理解原文内容，并进行细致对比。 2. 转折与对比 转折处常常是作者想要表达的内容，是语义的重点，一般通过转折词but, however, yet, actually / in fact / as a matter of fact 等或对比词unlike, not so / as …as, compared to等引导。 要求考生培养良好的逻辑思维能力，理解作者的真实意图。 3. 因果 文章中的因果关系，可以用because, since, now that, for, as, so, therefore, moreover, thus, consequently，as a result / consequence, as a result / consequence of, on account of, thanks to, due to, owing to等连词、介词或短语，也可以是cause, result in, contribute to, lead to, originate from 等动词（短语）或base, basic, result, consequence等名词。 要求考生能理解文章上下文的前因后果，是高考必考题。 4. 举例 由like, as, such as, for example, for instance等引导的举例说明。

语文阅读理解阅读技巧及解题技巧

语文阅读理解阅读技巧及解题技巧 如何提高阅读效率 1、弄清原文、题干、正确答案项和干扰项之间的关系，切实提高实际解决问题的能力。 正确处理原文、题干、正确答案项和干扰项之间的关系，能使自己的思路和文章作者思路相一致，才能较容易地把握文章的主旨大意、结构脉络、作者的语气态度，人物的性格特征、事情的来龙去脉，使顺利解题水到渠成。 2、注意积累生活素材及英语国家的文化背景、人情风俗、生活方式知识。 当前的阅读理解选材越来越注重现代化、多样化、知识化和生活化，内容贴近生活，蕴涵着丰富的世界各国文化背景知识，具有强烈的时代感和交际性，常常从不同侧面反映了当前人们的思想意识、生活情趣和对人、对自然的态度及与世界的交流，就体裁而言，也涉及到记叙文、应用文、说明文等多种文体。只有通过大量阅读不同题材和体裁的短文，才能不断增强快速捕捉、掌握信息的准确度，也能提高面对较长篇幅阅读材料的心理承受能力。 3、重视培养正确的阅读习惯，加强锻炼跳读、略读、扫读等阅读技巧。

比较好的阅读理解方法是：初读文章-- 看题目--查读文章找依据--初定 答案--三看文章找细节--推敲答案--四读文章--终定答案，其中综合了略读、跳读和查读等阅读技巧。 在第一遍阅读时，可用略读或跳读的方式阅读全文，不必注意细节或具体事实，只求对文章有一个总体印象，了解中心思想和作者的基本观点，记住文中的信息方位。 接着，浏览题目再读文章，可以带着题目有的放矢地在文中圈圈划划、做标记，查找解答题目的依据，避免毫无目的地通读文章，许多局部性题目都可以通过原文中的一两句话直接找到答案。第三、第四次阅读主要是定度答案。 4、巩固、扩大并活用词汇（包括词组、短语和构词法），夯实语法知识 随着社会要求和教学要求的提高，生词和结构较为复杂的长句、难句在短文中和题目中经常出现，没有过关的语言知识，学生很难领会文章，审清题意。因此，扎实的基础知识、善于处理词汇、牢固掌握教学考纲中要求的各个语法项目、通过分析句子结构辨别意群及正确理解结构复杂的长句均是做好阅读理解的要素。 5、若是做回答问题时，先须把握全文整体意思，弄清文中的人物、发生的事件、时间、地点、原因、前后逻辑关系及过程，然后再落笔定答案，有些文章的最后一题是开放性题目，只要言之有理，都能得分。

【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧与练习题

高中阅读理解之细节理解题解题技巧 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。 细节题一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息 与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论或者进行简单的数字计算、排列顺序、图表图画等。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和 句子。 这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct/true? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅

七年级语文阅读理解答题方法与技巧

1.景物描写的作用:渲染气氛,烘托人物心情,推动情节发展,表现人物的品质,衬托中心意思 2.运用描写方法的作用: 表现人物性格,反映作品主题 3.文章题目的作用: 概括内容;揭示主题;提示线索 4. 用自己的话回答问题： １、这种题目往往就是限定不能直接原文中的语句来回答，从另个层面上来说，也就是暗示你原文中有相关语句，所以你首先应该找出原文中的相关语句； ２、现在要考虑的就是如何将原文中的语句变成自己的话，可以采用下列方法： ①概括大意法，适用于原文相关句子较长的情况； ②翻译句子法，适用于文言文语段； ③解释重点词法，适用于原文语句中有生僻词； ④变换句式法，适用于原文使用的是疑问、设问、反问的语意未能完全明确的句子，而题目又要求作出明确表达的情况。 5.中间句、段的作用: 承上启下的过渡作用 6.结尾议论性句子的作用:总结全文,照应开头,点明中心,深化主题 7.写作人称的好处: 第一人称,真实可信; 第二人称,亲切自然第三人称,可以多角度描写,不受时间和空间的限制 8.容易弄错的术语： （1）表达技巧= 艺术手法=表达方式+表现手法+修辞手法 （2）表达方式 = 记叙+描写+抒情+议论+说明 （3）表现手法= 象征、对比、衬托、烘托、伏笔铺垫、照应（呼应）、直接（间接）描写、 扬抑（欲扬先抑、欲抑先扬）、借景抒情、借物喻人（托物言志）…… （4）修辞手法 = 比喻、拟人、夸张、排比、反问、设问、引用、反复…… （5）语言特点 = 通俗易懂/ 严谨/ 优美、生动、鲜明/ 充满感情色彩（常与修辞手法合用） 9.在哪儿找线索:标题;反复出现的某个词语或某个事物;抒情议论句 记叙文阅读 一、记叙文基础知识： （一）记叙线索的形式:实物;人物;思想感情变化;时间;地点变换;中心事件 （二）记叙文六要素：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果 记叙文的顺序：顺叙、倒叙、插叙 （三）记叙文第一段的作用: 1）环境描写:点明故事发生的地点,环境,引出下文,为下文情节发展作铺垫 2）其他:开篇点题,奠定全文的感情基调;总领全文或引起下文,为下文情节发展作铺垫 二、语段阅读题答题总原则： １、快速浏览全篇文章。 答题前应快速浏览文章，弄清文章的人物、事件、结果。可适当做标记 ２、带着问题读文章的相应段落。 注意整体把握文章的主要内容和中心意思，找出中心句、主旨句。开头、结尾、过渡句段、修辞句、抒情议论句画上标记号。 注意从题干中找出答题关键点，带着问题读文中相应段落。 3、答题。 具体题目涉及到相关段落，要对这些段落反复研读；如涉及全篇，则要再读全文。 运用下文常见答题技巧回答；如无法判断，可摘抄文段原文原句。 字迹工整，卷面干净；可用①②③等序号对答案进行标注。

(完整版)英语阅读理解之细节题

高一英语专题培优 ——阅读理解解题技巧 考纲解读： 阅读理解是英语考试中的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查 的根本是检验学生对有关信息的搜集、加工能力。新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定："侧重提高阅读能力"。 英语考试大纲规定，考生应能：(1) 理解主旨和要义； (2) 理解文中具体信息； (3) 根据上下文推断生词的词义； (4) 做出简单判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 命题探究： 一．选材特点： 广东省高考阅读理解解题选材，一般遵循三个原则： 1.文章一般为4篇，阅读量在2500个单词左右； 2.题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容； 3.体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文、论述文等。 二．题目类型： 高考中的阅读理解一般分为四大类：细节题、猜词题、推断题以及主旨题 三．题目特点： 1.无论哪一类题都一定能在文中找到依据。 2.每篇文章的5个小题正确答案的关键信息按照短文出现的先后顺序依次 排列。如第2题的关键信息点在第二段中，那么第3题的关键信息点很 可能就会在第三段中，而在第一段的可能性就很小。主旨大意题和写作 目的题一般都安排在第5小题。 阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的。想要提高阅读能力，一是要培养良好的阅读行为习惯 提高分数技巧： 1. 抓好限时训练 同学们可以通过限时训练有计划、循序渐进地提高自己的阅读速度。做阅读理解训练 时，尝试在原文中划出答案出处，这能帮助我们在阅读时以文章为依据，而不凭空猜想。 2. 养成良好的阅读习惯 同学们在平时训练时要养成良好的阅读习惯。首先要避免“指读”。很多学生喜欢用手或笔指着文字读，这种阅读习惯容易使思维停留在手指着的局部单词上，会阻碍对中心思想

高中英语阅读理解方法之一---细节题的解题技巧

如对您有帮助，请购买打赏，谢谢您！英语阅读理解---事实细节题的解题技巧 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。 细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。 【题型特点】这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类：一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。 【命题形式】这类题主要是针对who, what, which, why, how, when, where等来提问的。如： 1.Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? 2. Which of the following statements is (not) correct? 3. In the passage, which of the following is mentioned / not mentioned? 4. All the following statements are not true except ______. 5. All the statements are true except______. 6. Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 7. When/Where did the story happen? 了解这些题目的设计特点对正确解题有一定帮助。一般来说，设计这些题目时，编题者常常会换用不同的词、词组、短语、句型、或其它不同的表达方式来表达文段中某一相应的词、词组、短语、句型或表

小学语文阅读理解答题技巧大全

小学语文阅读理解答题技巧大全 （一）某句话在文中的作用 1、文首：开篇点题;渲染气氛（散文），埋下伏笔（记叙类文章），设置悬念（小说，但上海不会考），为下文作辅垫;总领下文; 2、文中：承上启下;总领下文;总结上文; 3、文末：点明中心（散文）;深化主题（记叙类文章文章）;照应开头（议论文、记叙类文章文、小说） （二）修辞手法的作用 （1）它本身的作用;（2）结合句子语境。 1、比喻、拟人：生动形象; 答题格式：生动形象地写出了+对象+特性。 2、排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等; 答题格式：强调了+对象+特性 3;设问：引起读者注意和思考; 答题格式：引起读者对+对象+特性的注意和思考 反问：强调，加强语气等; 4、对比：强调了……突出了…… 5、反复：强调了……加强语气 （三）句子含义的解答 这样的题目，句子中往往有一个词语或短语用了比喻、对比、借代、象征等表现方法。答题时，把它们所指的对象揭示出来，再疏通句子，就可以了。 （四）某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什么？ 动词：不行。因为该词准确生动具体地写出了……

形容词：不行。因为该词生动形象地描写了…… 副词（如都，大都，非常只有等）：不行。因为该词准确地说明了……的情况（表程度，表限制，表时间，表范围等），换了后就变成……，与事实不符。 （五）一句话中某两三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？ 不能。因为： （1）与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）规律不一致。 （2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系。 （3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。 （六）段意的概括归纳 1、记叙类文章：回答清楚（什么时间、什么地点）什么人做什么事。 格式：（时间+地点）+人+事。 2、说明类文章：回答清楚说明对象是什么，它的特点是什么。 格式：说明（介绍）+说明对象+说明内容（特点） 3、议论类文章：回答清楚议论的问题是什么，作者观点怎样。 格式：用什么论证方法证明了（论证了）+论点 （七）表达技巧在古代诗歌鉴赏中占有重要位置 表现手法诸如用典、烘托、渲染、铺陈、比兴、托物寄情、情景交融、借景抒情、动静结合、虚实结合、委婉含蓄、对比手法、讽喻手法、象征法、双关法等等。诗中常用的修辞方法有夸张、排比、对偶、比喻、借代、比拟、设问、反问、反复等。分析诗歌语言常用的术语有：准确、生动、形象、凝练、精辟、简洁、明快、清新、新奇、优美、绚丽、含蓄、质朴、自然等。复习时要系统归纳各种表达技巧，储备相关知识。首先要弄清这些表达技巧的特点和作用，再结合具体诗歌进行仔细体味、辨析。 至于评价诗歌的思想内容和作者的观点态度，则包括总结作品的主旨，分析作品所反映的社会现实，指出其积极意义或局限性等。

高中阅读答题技巧(一)

高中阅读答题技巧（一） Ⅰ.常用写作手法(技巧) 一、表达方式： 记叙、描写、抒情、说明、议论（只有5种）【作用详见五～八】 二、表现手法： 对比、类比、象征、衬托、烘托、反衬、比喻、幽默、讽刺、联想、想像、先抑后扬、以小见大、托物言志、借物喻理、借物喻人、状物抒情、借景抒情、情景交融、巧设悬念、侧面描写、欲扬先抑、虚实结合 象征、托物言志的作用:使表达委婉含蓄、深沉感人. 三、修辞手法： 比喻：化平淡为生动，化深奥为浅显，化抽象为具体。 答题格式：生动形象地写出了＋对象＋特性。 生动形象地表现出了……，表达了……情感。 拟人：化物为人，拉近距离,亲切自然; 便于对话,交流情感。 答题格式：生动形象地写出了＋对象＋特性。 生动形象地表现出了……，表达了……情感。 排比：内容集中，增强气势；叙事透辟，条分缕析；语气强劲,抒情强烈。 答题格式：强调了＋对象＋特性 表现了……，抒发了……，增强了语势，加强了感情。 夸张：烘托气氛，增强感染力，增强联想；创造气氛，揭示本质，给人以启示。反复：突出思想,强调情感；承上启下，层次清晰；多次强调，增强感染力。加强语气。 借代：以简代繁，以实代虚，以奇代凡。 反问：加强语气，增强语势，表达了 (的情感)，使文章有起伏。 答题格式：强调，加强语气等； 设问：自问自答，引起读者的注意和思考，使文章有起伏。 答题格式：引起读者对＋对象＋特性的注意和思考 对比：使所表现的事物特征或所阐述的道理观点更鲜明、更突出。

答题格式：强调了……突出了…… 注：表现手法和修辞方法名称上既有重合又有不同，要学会分清两者的差别 四、结构方式： 前后照应、铺垫，过渡(承上启下)、设置悬念、卒章显志，欲扬先抑、制造波澜，特定线索、记叙顺序(顺叙、倒叙、插叙) ，材料安排（主次、详略等） 五、记叙及作用： (1) 顺叙作用：能按某一顺序(时间或空间)较清楚地进行记叙。叙事有头尾，条理清晰，脉络清楚、印象深刻。 (2) 倒叙作用:造成了……的悬念，使故事情节更曲折,增强了文章的可读性，引人入胜，波澜起伏。 (3) 插叙作用：补充交代了……，使人物形象更丰富，使情节更加完整，结构更加严密，内容更加充实丰满使中心更突出。 (4) 补叙：对上文内容加以补充解释，对下文做某些交代。 (5) 平叙：俗称“花开两枝，各表一朵”，(指叙述两件或多件同时发生的事)使头绪清楚，照应得体。 记叙文中穿插议论的作用:结构上承上启下;内容上画龙点睛. 六、描写： 1、描写人物的方法： 语言描写、动作描写、神态描写、心理描写、外貌描写，细节描写. 2、描写景物的角度： 视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉 3、描写景物的方法： 动静结合（以动写静）、概括与具体相结合、由远到近（或由近到远） 4、描写角度： 正面描写、侧面描写 总体来说，描写有以下一些作用：①再现自然风光。②描绘人物的外貌及内心世界。③交代人物活动的自然及社会环境。

高中英语阅读细节理解题

高考阅读理解之细节理解题 姓名：______________ 班级：____________________ 提醒语： 1．确定题干，到原文快速搜索相关信息，对信息进行处理！ 2．忌主观臆断！ 3．细节题是高考考查的重点，占阅读的50%，应重视。 【考例分析1】For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do? （2010·湖北卷·B篇） Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict? A. Both can continue for generations B. Both are about where to draw the line C. Neither has any clear winner D. Neither can be put to an end 【考例分析2】The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. （2010·湖南卷·C） What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers? faces. 【考例分析3】Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of “Do not do to others what you would not want others to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. （2010·江西卷·C）Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that . A. all men were equal when they were born B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to 【考例分析4】Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe. （2010·全国卷II·C） Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe? A. To visit more ski areas. B. To ski on natural snow. C. For a large collection of ski suits. D. For better services and equipment. 【考例分析5】He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.

语文阅读理解答题技巧

语文阅读理解答题技巧 ——理解词句品味语言 一、词语理解 1、理解文中重要词语的含义，要结合语境辨析词语的特定含义。 解答此类试题的步骤是：首先了解词语本身的含义，其次分析语言环境。在分析语言环境时，先分析词语所在句子的意义和结构，再需找和词语相关的语言信息，进而分析它们之间的关系。然后从修辞义、隐含义、临时义、情感义、网络义等多方面去分析。 答题格式：词语语境义：“XX”一词原指_______，这里指______，起到了____的作用。 2、词语表达效果作用：要分析此词怎样写，写得怎样和写出了什么，给读者怎样的感受或表达了作者（文中人物）怎样的情感，达到了什么效果。 答题格式： A、分析用了什么修辞手法，如比喻、拟人等。 B、分析表面意义和表达效果：生动形象地写出了______的特点。 C、分析深层含义：肯定了/褒扬了/赞美了/歌颂了/,或批判了/讽刺了/否定了/反驳了_____，或者给了我们______的印象（启示、道理）等。 3、问某词能否去掉的题型 答题格式： A、回答“可以”或“不可以”。（一般情况不可以，特别是书上的原文时） B、结合句子分析用该词强调突出了（限制、说明、修饰了）______，更能形象（恰如其分）地表现某物某特点。 C、不用，不能体现语言的准确、严密、生动、形象或与事实不符或太绝对等。 4、能否调换为另一词的题型。 答题格式： A、回答“可以”或“不可以”。（一般情况不可以，特别是书上的原文时） B、解释词义，比较两个词含义上的差别：原词准确、生动、形象地描写了______，换了之后就变成_______。 C、用原词体现语言的准确、生动、形象或严密，调换后，不能体现语言的准确、严密、生动、形象或与事实不符或太绝对。 5、文中指代词指代对象的判断 方法： A、常考的指示代词有：这、那、这些、其他、以上、如此……； B、一般是往前找； C、找到之后，将找到的内容放在指示代词所在句中读一读，看是否适合。 6、一句话中某两个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？ 答题格式： 不能。因为（1）与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表及里、有现象到本质）规律不一致；（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系；（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。 二、理解句子的含义和作用 这些句子包括：1、点名题旨的句子；2、描写、议论、抒情的句子；3、总结全文的句子；4、起承转合的句子；5、运用各种修辞手法的句子。理解这些句子主要是指能体味句子所表达的思想感情。如作者在字里行间流露出的喜怒哀乐、褒贬态度及思想倾向等。同时要理解句子在文中的功能、作用、特点。 技巧点拨： 1、分析重点句子的作用。 总体思路：可按“结构+内容+效果”的思路考虑分析，效果较好。 第一步，分析结构方面的作用。A、开头的句子：点明中心、设置悬念、总领全文、引起下文、埋下伏笔、为下文做铺垫、推动故事情节发展、奠定全文的感情基调等。B、中间的句子：起承上启下（过渡）的作用； C、结尾的句子：起到画龙点睛、点明中心、深化主题、总结全文、首尾呼应、前后照应、结构完整等的作用。 第二步，分析内容方面的作用。要从内容上看思想感情及蕴含的哲理，要结合文章的思想感情与中心思想来理解句子在文中的深层含义及表达效果。 2、赏析优美的句子。 应从形式（表达方式、写作手法、修辞手法等）、内容（思想内涵、感情、哲理等）、效果等三个方面赏析。 （1）运用修辞手法句子的赏析 答题三步：A、判断采用什么修辞手法；B、写出该修辞手法的一般作用；C、结合具体句子分析含义。（表现了什么/表达了某种感情/突出了什么/强调了什么）

高中语文阅读题答题思路和技巧总结

高中语文阅读题答题思路和技巧总结 一、概括题： （一）、概括文章内容题：按叙述的基本要素（行为、经历）或小说情节或人物言行或作者的情感变化，筛选材料，组合回答。 概括的操作思路是： 1、依据中心句进行概述总括。一篇文章内容的具体化，通常表现为围绕某个中心展开叙述、议论或说明，因此，抓住了中心句，它就把握了具体的要旨。 2、通过提炼要点，关键词句进行概述总括。有的文章中，很难找到提示具体内容要旨的中心句，那就需要把有关的要点提炼出来。 3、通过辨认相关性进行概述总括。任何一篇文章的具体内容，都是由局部构成的一个整体，从局部之间的关系入手，即辨认语句之间或语段之间的相关性，是进行概述总括的重要途径。 4、通过牵头接尾进行概述总括。牵头，就是抓住具体内容的起始；接尾，就是连接具体内容的终结。通过牵头接尾进行概述总括，其内容的要旨就浮出水面了。 5、若问某一文段大意：找中心句，注意段首句、段尾句。（如无中心句）归纳段意：本段（概括或具体）写了“谁——干什么”。（或“什么——怎么样”） （二）归纳中心意思题1、归纳中心意思的方法 ⑴抓题目。题目是文章的“眼睛”，文章的题目总能或显或隐地传达出文章的主题。

⑵抓住文中材料直接告诉读者中心意思的句子。 ⑶抓住文章的开头、结尾段中的提示中心意思的点题句，关键句，一般都是抒情、议论句。 ⑷通过结构分析归纳中心意思。把文章的各部分的大意连贯起来，加以综合概括，然后指出作者借以表达的思想、感情、态度。 ⑸从时代背景入手，好的文章都有时代的烙印，分析作者的写作背景。 2、概括记叙文的中心有一套常用的格式： 本文记叙了(描写了)……的故事(事迹、经过、事件、景物)，表现了（反映了、歌颂了、揭露了、批判了）……的思想(性格、精神、实质)，抒发了作者的……的感情。 （三）问文章结构题 1、问文章、段落的结构形式： 注意总分式（A总分、B分总、C总分总）；层进式；并列式；对比式。 2、问文章线索：注意那些在文中多次出现的字眼。 3、问文章的顺序。（1）记叙的顺序，要求我们掌握顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种顺序方法。 顺叙，指记叙的时候按照事情发生、发展和结局的时间顺序来写。倒叙，指记叙的时候把后发生的事情写在前面，把先发生的事情写在后面。倒叙方法先把事情的结局说了出来，便吸引读者急于了解起因和过程，对照就比较显著，给人的印象也较深刻。倒叙方法，适用于那些动人的、有特点的结局，必须能够引起读者的兴趣，顺乎读和写的思路。插叙：阅读时，注意倒叙、插叙的起止点，对找出记叙的线索，把握文章的结构将有所帮助。

英语阅读理解事实和细节题技巧示范

专项阅读理解考察的主要内容之一：考察事实和细节 此类题目大多是针对文章的细节设计的，是阅读中最简单最基础的题，每篇阅读的五个小题中一般是1-3个。此类题型的问题一般有以下两种提问方式（1）考察文章中的时间，地点，人物，情节和结局，主要以what、who、which、when、where、how或者why等词引导，就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并要求考生回答。（2）文章中出现的语句的真确辨析，以下列问题常见Which of the following is right /not right Which of the following is mentioned /not mentioned From the passage, we know or learn that ….Give the right order of the sentences这类题的特点是：凡针对特定的细节的题目，其正确答案大多都可以在阅读材料中找到相对应的文字描述作为依据。可以是原文中的一个句子，也有可能是若干个句子，但有时是不同与原句的方式，句式或是同义句，同义词。 做好这类题目做好这类题的要领是： 1.明确题意，顺藤摸瓜。 2.按照要求，寻找答案来源。 3.找准关键词，明白其暗示作用。 4.多读课文，正确使用排除法。 务必做到下笔有据，不能根据自己读完后模棱两可的印象去做，必须回到原文中相关的地方反复查看，推敲，得到很确信的答案。另外要求考生在做这类题时，情绪要稳定，不急不躁，有条不紊的排除干扰项。试试下面两篇阅读，你是否能全对！ It was a warm March evening, and I’d just taken a seat on the bus .A middle-aged woman took a seat opposite me. She was crying, not speaking to anyone in particular, she told her story in tears. She had come to the city to visit her daughter. But a thief had stolen one of her bags on the way. In the bag there was half of the money she’d brought with her. After a few minutes, she stopped crying, and began to eat some bread with a sad look. An old man in old and almost broken clothes got on the bus .He sat in front of the woman. After a few minutes, the bus conductor collected tickets. When he came to the old man, the old man felt sorry. He explained that he had spent all his money this morning when he’d gotten on the wrong bus and now he was trying to go home . On hearing this, the bus conductor ordered the old man to get off the bus . The old man was almost in tears a he begged the bus conductor to let him take that bus so he could get home before dark. When the conductor raised his voice at the old man, the woman behind said ,“stop troubling him! Can’t you see he’s only trying to get home”