【高考英语总复习】一轮优化探究英语(北师大版)练习：必修五 Unit 14 Careers Word版含答案

课时作业(十九)题型组合练——练速度

(阅读理解＋阅读七选五＋语法填空)限时：35分钟

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Last Saturday，，Chase，and I were shopping in a supermarket.Chase was busy weighing each new bag of vegetables I collected.I handed him a bag of tomatoes and he walked over to the scale and waited patiently in line.Suddenly，an old man walked up behind Chase，and stepped before him，bumping Chase out of the way.Chase looked shocked and scared.Seeing this I left my shopping cart and walked over to Chase, saying loudly，“Are you all right，honey？I saw what that man did to you.That was very, very wrong.”

When the man finished weighing his bag，he turned around too quickly and all of his onions spilled out of his bag and onto the dirty floor.The three of us froze for a moment.Then I got down on my hands and knees and started collecting onions while the old man accepted them from my hands and put them back into his bag.After Chase and I retrieved all the onions, the old man walked away.We didn't discuss the event until we got back in the car.

On the way home，Chase said through tears，“Mommy, I've a frustrating day.That man cut right in front of me.And we had to help him pick up his onions！Why did we do that？That didn't make any sense.”

I took a deep breath and said，“Chase, that man seemed to have a very bad mood today.We should forgive him.I was also angry with that man for treating you rudely.I really wanted to kick him.But doing that doesn't make any sense.If we hadn't helped that old man，we might have felt good for a moment，but then I bet we would have felt really sorry for a long time.You and I have a lot of love to share.Maybe that man doesn't have much.People who behave badly still need love.”

A cheerful smile appeared on Chase's face.It was a smile of a promise kept.It was the best smile I had ever seen.God，it was a good moment.It may have been my best mommy moment ever.

[语篇解读]本文为一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和儿子在超市购物时的一次不愉快的经历，教育自己的儿子为人处世要大度。

1．What did the old man do?

A．He jumped the queue.

B．He hit Chase on the head.

C．He hurried away without paying.

D．He ran into Chase suddenly.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Suddenly，an old man walked up behind Chase，and stepped

before him，bumping Chase out of the way.”可知那个老人在插队，故答案为A项。

答案：A

2．What can we infer from the passage?

A．The author was not angry at all with what the old man had done.

B．The old man was very sorry for what he had done to Chase.

C．At last，Chase learned a valuable life lesson from the event.

D．Chase didn't help the author pick up spilled onions for the old man.

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段作者对儿子的教诲及最后一段中“A cheerful smile appeared on Chase's face.”可知答案为C项。根据倒数第二段中“I was also angry with that man for treating you rudely.”可排除A项；根据第二段中“After Chase and I retrieved all the onions，the old man walked away.”可排除B、D两项。

答案：C

3．Which of the following words can best describe the author?

A．Nar B．

C．D．

解析：推理判断题。那个老人对待作者儿子的方式很粗鲁，可作者在他需要帮助时还是帮助了他，由此可见作者很大度，故答案为B项。

答案：B

B

My daughter went to see The Wild One recently and she commented that Marlon Brando was wearing jeans so long ago.Of course he helped set the trend，so that got me thinking about the link between films and trends in fashion.Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long.The Wild One is a good example: it appeared in 1954，starring Brando.Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket，leather cap and jeans，he created a look which is still considered “cool” today.Everyone

Another strong influence on fashion trends was Breakfast at Tiffany's，starring Audrey Hepburn.She made famous the simple black dress that looks perfect at either a cocktail party or just standing around an expensive department store like Tiffany's with a pastry and coffee in your hand，as Audrey Hepburn does in the film.She looks so elegant，wearing simple but beautiful dresses，big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck.Audrey Hepburn still influences women's fashion with her “Tiffany's look”．

In more modern times，the film star Uma Thurman created a major fashion trend when she appeared in the film Pulp Fiction，made in 1994.Her style was very simple.Her black trousers，crisp white shirt and hairstyle were copied by women in the world.

Influencing fashion trends can often be about timing.The movie Memoirs of a Geisha came just in

time to start a trend in Japanese fashion.It starred the Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi，who wore beautiful silk kimonos (和服)，and it won an Oscar for Costume Design.Many travel companies picked up on the trend and ran “geisha trips” to Japan.The fil m has also led to a regained interest in kimonos.It is now quite common to see young Japanese women wearing kimonos not just on traditional occasions，but at various social events.The fashion is also beginning to spread to western countries.

[语篇解读]本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。

4．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Films and fashion B．Stars' fashion

C．Influential films D．Film cultures

解析：标题归纳题。第一段的第三句“Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long.”开篇点题，结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。

答案：A

5．Who will people associate Madonna wearing the leather motorcycle jacket with?

A．Zhang Ziyi. B．Audrey Hepburn.

C．Uma Thurman. D．Marlon Brando.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket，leather cap and jeans...is seen wearing the classic leather motorcycle jacket.”可知，麦当娜的皮革摩托夹克会让人联想到演员Marlon Brando。

答案：D

6．What is implied in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's according to the passage?

A．One can be active by wearing black.

B．One can be elegant by wearing simple.

C．One can be famous by looking perfect.

D．One can be stylish by eating at Tiffany's.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句“She looks so elegant，wearing simple but beautiful dresses，big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck.”可推知，电影Breakfast at Tiffany's映射出一个人可以通过简单的衣着表现出优雅。

答案：B

7．What does the film Memoirs of a Geisha lead to?

A．The popularity of the Chinese actress.

B．The worldwide reading of geisha stories.

C．The recovery of interest in kimonos.

D. The “geisha trips” to social events.

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第三句“The film has also led to a regained interest in kimonos.”可知，电影Memoirs of a Geisha使人们重新对和服产生了兴趣。

答案：C

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Mary had feared the day she would draw a blank during a presentation.Then one day during a ，it happened.1.To help herself get back on track，Mary asked the audience to look at the handout and tell her what topic was up next.At the end of her presentation，audience members gave her top marks for organization.

“What I learned is that the audience doesn't care if you mess up，and what they care about is what you are going to do about it，”Mary said.“My nervousness went away when I concentrated not on myself，but instead just thought，‘How is my speech going to help the audience？’2.Every single step of the way，ask yourself, ‘What's in it for them？’”

3

Carter is the founder of ，he gets to the location of his presentation the day before to make sure all the electronic aids work.He wants to ensure the screen，lighting and inputs all work properly.“In addition，build an extra plan before you present，”he said.

Involve the audience

，think“”．4.The way to a person's head is through their heart.Sometimes all it takes is a few seconds to connect an audience member with a story.

Moreover，one thing that shocks people back into attention is to leave an almost uncomfortably long pause.5.

A．Keep order

B．Be prepared

C．That brings them back to the speaker

D．She forgot what she was going to say

E．Once you do that，you will get rid of the fear

F．

G．Stories combine data and information with emotion

答案：1.D 2.E 3.B 4.G 5.C

Ⅲ.语法填空

observed (observe) on the 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese Lunar Calendar.It celebrates three fundamental concepts which are closely tied 2.to one another: gathering，such as family and friends https://www.wendangku.net/doc/119294502.html,ing (come) together, or

harvesting crops for the festival; thanksgiving，to give thanks for the harvest，or for harmonious unions；praying 4.sincerely (sincere) for beauty，longevity，babies，marriage 5.partners (partner)，or for a good future.

Traditions and myths surrounding the festival 6.are_formed (form) around these three concepts，although traditions have changed over time due to 7.significant (significance) changes in technology，science，economy，culture，and religion.It'

The festival was a time 8.when people enjoyed the successful reaping (收获) of rice and wheat with food offerings made in honor of the moon.Today，people still mark 9.the occasion with similar activities.They have outdoor reunions among friends and relatives to eat mooncakes and watch the moon，a symbol of harmony and 10.unity (unite)．

课时作业(二十)题型组合练——练速度

(阅读理解＋完形填空＋短文改错)限时：40分钟

单独成册对应学生用书第249页

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Nowadays there are many new cars on the road.Some new models are flashy and others are fuel efficient，and embedded technology(嵌入式系统技术) is at the heart of all of them.

The new Ford Escape h巡航车速控制装置) to avoid collisions，with sensors on the front and side of the car.Ford's Mark Schirmer says the electronic system can be accessed through the dashboard or a smartphone.

“I am from Michigan.If it is a cold morning，I can have it start up right before I am scheduled to leave to go to the airport or go to work.You can find your car or if one of your family members borrows the car，it will show you exactly where it is，”said Schirmer.

development，like this emergency warning system，help drivers who fail to hear an approaching siren.A near miss with an ambulance inspired the product from the

，“It scared me enough that I started looking for a product that would alert me when they are coming，”said Hohs.

A sobriety detector(清醒度检测器) from a Canadian company called Sober Steering is sold to companies with fleets of vehicles，such as buses.Chief Operating Officer Catherine Carroll says a sensor on the steering wheel can detect alcohol vapors emitted from the skin.“If I am drinking and I have levels above a preset limit，it immobilizes the vehicle，so you cannot move the vehicle that you are driving，”said Carroll.

One company founder says the connected technology is playing an important role in people's

daily life.He says，“You can buy a washing machine，

and connects to a router.Also the connected technology of the cars has become as important as performance and styling.”

[语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了一系列最新电子产品，它们能使驾车变得更安全、更便利。

1．What caused the invention of the emergency warning system?

A．The call of a skilled driver.

B．An accident nearly caused by an ambulance.

C．Bad hearing of some drivers.

D．The increasing number of ambulances on the road.

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“A near miss with an ambulance inspired the product from the Chicago start-up HAAS，co-founded by Cory Hohs.”可知，紧急报警系统的设计是源于一起救护车险些撞车事故。

答案：B

2．According to the text，a sobriety detector aims to ________.

A．reduce tiredne

B．make the drivers awake all the time

C．avoid drunken driving

D．stop the drivers falling asleep

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，清醒度检测器能够检测到皮肤上的酒精，如果司机饮酒或是超过限定量，汽车将自动熄火，这样就会避免酒驾。

答案：C

3．According to the last paragraph，the connected technology is________.

A．changing our lives at home and on the road

B．making the cars on the road much more attractive

C．letting people's daily life much more colorful

D．getting the cars welcomed by more people

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“One company founder says the connected technology is playing an important role in people's daily life.”及他所说的话“买一个能够与路由器相连接的洗衣机或是微波炉。汽车的连接技术和性能、款式同等重要。”可知，连接技术改变了我们的日常生活和道路状况。

答案：A

4．What does the author mainly want to tell us?

A．People like the cars that are fuel efficient most.

B．Embedded technology is the most advanced to cars.

C．The technology can't keep up with the development of society.

D．Electronic products make driving much easier and safer.

解析：主旨大意题。本文主要列举了一系列电子产品，这些最新电子产品使驾车变得更容易、更安全。

答案：D

B

Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should

beyond the reach of some people—particularly older individuals.And trying to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked.But public health officials say current recommendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.

There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease，type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) and some typ

moderate activity a week，in short periods of 10 minutes or more.

But in two separate articles in The BMJ，experts argue the message needs to change，with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more.Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse，advises people who are sedentary (久坐不动的) to make small increases in their activity levels—rather than pushing to achieve current goals.He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of energetic activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death，compared to people who do no exercise.

In the second article，Prof.Philipe Sparkling of the Georgia Institute of Technology，says doctors should tailor their advice—particularly for older patients.He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss “realistic options”to increase activity—such as getting people to stand up and move during TV commercial breaks.

Prof.Kevin Fenton at Public Health England says，“Everyone needs to be active every day—short periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits，but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions.”This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

[语篇解读]本文主要讨论了人们对现行锻炼指导原则的不同看法。

5．What is the current exercise goal mentioned in the passage?

A．B．ute exercise.

C．D．

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people—particularly older individuals.”及“And trying to reach these goals”可知，

现行的锻炼目标是每周150分钟的运动量，故选D。

答案：D

6．What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A．

B．Heart disease happens easily to the old in activity.

C．

D．Inactivity easily brings about many serious diseases.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease，type 2 diabetes (糖尿病)and some types of cancer.”可知，不活动会引发很多疾病，故选D。

答案：D

7．What is the suggestion of Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto according to the third paragraph? A．People should spend less time on exercise.

B．People should lower their activity levels.

C．People should increase exercise properly.

D．People should achieve their current goals.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Prof.Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse，advises people who are sedentary(久坐不动的)to make small increases in their activity levels—rather than pushing to achieve current goals.”可知，Philipe de Souto Barreto教授建议人们要适当增加锻炼，故选C。

答案：C

8．Which of the following is TRUE about current exercise guidelines?

A．They are impractical.

B．They are reasonable.

C．They have no effect on us.

D．They are popular with people.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead.”可知，现行的锻炼指导原则并不实用，故选A。

答案：A

Ⅱ.完形填空

I retired from my family business four years ago.But I've never been__1__of a challenge.I've sailed around the world before.And I've decided to fly east from Western Australia in a __2__. For the last two years I had trained hard，spending 150 hours__3__with my ground team.When the

big day came，thousands of people gathered to__4__the launch.It was a __5__start，with a smooth

6__but still had some doubts—I was flying into the__7__.I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again.

The capsule where I stayed was designed to __8__if I landed in water，but I was not sure whether I could__9__ the cruelty of the ocean.__10__，I kept watching the weather，communicating with my land team and__11__the altitude to achieve the perfect speed and direction.

On my fifth day，I was terrified to notice I was losing oxygen.__12__，I managed to save my life by adjusting the pressure in the oxygen cylinder (氧气瓶) to stop the oxygen escaping.

I know it was vital to stay__13__to control the flight，altitude and my oxygen flow，so I held a spoon between two fingers—If I__14__it would fall and wake me up.I never questioned why I was doing this.It is such a unique__15__to see our beautiful planet from high above.

Seeing the coast of Australia again on my 11th day was a huge__16__.I knew my journey was nearly over.It was to be a new world record.I could see my team __17__ below as I flew over. This__18__really pushed me to my limits，but it hasn't __19__me.Next year，I want to fly even higher to break another__20

[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。“我”退休四年后，从西澳大利亚州乘热气球向东旅行，十一天后平安着陆。“我”创造了世界纪录，准备明年继续挑战自己。

1．A.shy B．skeptical

C．fond D．confident

解析：根据该句中“But”表达的语境并结合下句中“我”环球航行过并决定乘热气球从西澳大利亚州向东旅行的描述可知，“我”不害怕(shy)挑战。shy of/about(doing)sth.意为“害怕(做)，对(做)……心怀顾忌”。B项意为“怀疑的”；C项意为“喜爱的”；D项意为“自信的”。

答案：A

2．A.plane B．helicopter

C．wingsuit D．

解析：根据本文最后一句中的“the hot-air balloon”可知，“我”是乘热气球旅行的，故D 项正确。

答案：D

3．A.debating B．preparing

C．carving D．traveling

解析：根据该句中的“I have trained hard”可知，过去两年“我”艰苦训练，花了150个小时的时间和“我”的地面团队一起准备(preparing)。A项意为“辩论”；C项意为“雕刻”；D项意为“旅游”，都与语境不符。

答案：B

4．A.welcome B．inspect

C．delay D．witness

解析：根据该句中的“thousands of people gathered to”可知，在那一天，成千上万的人聚集在一起见证(witness)了起飞过程。A项意为“欢迎”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“推迟”。答案：D

5．A.perfect B．false

C．poor D．fresh

解析：根据该句中的“with a smooth and steady take-off”可知，热气球起飞时很平稳；据此可以判断，这是一个完美的(perfect)开始。B项意为“错误的”；C项意为“贫穷的”；D 项意为“新鲜的”。

答案：A

6．A.amused B．puzzled

C．excited D．frightened

解析：根据上句中的“with a smooth and steady take-off”和下文but的转折可知，热气球起飞时平稳，“我”感到很兴奋(excited)。A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“困惑的”；D项意为“害怕的”。

答案：C

7．A.future B．unknown

C．shelter D．reality

解析：根据下句“I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again”可知，“我”无法保证能再次看到“我”的朋友和家人；据此可以判断，“我”向着未知的(unknown)地方旅行。A项意为“未来”；C项意为“避难所”；D项意为“现实”。

答案：B

8．A.digest B．recycle

C．float D．fly

解析：根据该句中的“if I landed in water”可知，如果掉入水中，飞行舱能漂浮在水面上。A 项意为“消化”；B项意为“回收利用”；D项意为“飞翔”。

答案：C

9．A.survive B．show

C．evaluate D．comment

解析：根据该句中的“cruelty of the ocean”并结合上段最后一句“I couldn't guarantee I'd see my friends and family again”可知，“我”不确定自己能不能在严酷的海洋环境中幸存(survive)下来。

答案：A

10．A.Finally B．However

C．Therefore D．Besides

解析：空处上文陈述怀疑自己能不能在严酷的海洋环境中幸存下来，空处下文陈述“我”不断观察天气并与地面的团队保持联系；据此可以判断，空处前后之间为因果关系，故C项正确。

答案：C

11．A.losing B．ignoring

C．proving D．adjusting

解析：根据该句中的“to achieve the perfect speed and direction”可知，“我”调整(adjusting)高度，以达到最佳的速度和方向。

答案：D

12．A.Strangely B．Luckily

C．Normally D．Conveniently

解析：空前陈述“我”在第五天发现氧气泄漏；空后陈述“我”通过调整氧气瓶的气压阻止了氧气的泄漏而成功地救了自己；据此可以判断，该处表示“幸运地”，故B项正确。

答案：B

13．A.calm B．awake

C．patient D．relaxed

解析：根据下文中的“it would fall and wake me up”可知，作者明白在飞行过程中，必须保持头脑清醒来控制飞行、高度及氧流量。stay awake“保持清醒”。

答案：B

14．A.looked around B．carried on

C．dropped off D．turned up

解析：根据语境可知，“我”在两指之间夹了一把汤匙，如果“我”打盹儿(dropped off)了，汤匙就会落地从而把“我”叫醒。A项意为“环顾”；B项意为“继续”；D项意为“出现，调大声音”。

答案：C

15．A.experience B．excuse

C．dream D．tradition

解析：根据该句语境可知，在高空看我们的星球是一种独特的体验(experience)。B项意为“借口”；C项意为“梦想”；D项意为“传统”。

答案：A

16．A.loss B．disaster

C．burden D．relief

解析：根据该句中的“Seeing the coast of Australia again on my 11th day”可知，在第十一天再次看到澳大利亚的海岸线对“我”来说是一种巨大的欣慰(relief)。

答案：D

17．A.exercising B．celebrating

C．escaping D．quarreling

解析：根据语境可知，在第十一天“我”终于再次看到了澳大利亚的海岸线，据此可知，“我”的冒险旅行成功结束并且创造了新的世界纪录；据此可以判断，“我”能看到“我”的地面团队正在祝贺(celebrating)“我”的成功。

答案：B

18．A.challenge B．accident

C．race D．failure

解析：根据第一段第二句中的“challenge”可知，这次挑战将“我”推向了极限。B项意为“事故”；C项意为“赛跑”；D项意为“失败”，都与语境不符。

答案：A

19．A.interested B．confused

C．annoyed D．discouraged

解析：根据该句中的“pushed me to my limits”可知，这次挑战将“我”推向了极限；结合下文可知，“我”将在明年再次挑战自己，飞得更高，挑战另一个纪录；据此可以判断，这次的挑战并没有使“我”灰心(discouraged)。

答案：D

20．A.promise B．balance

C．record D．barrier

解析：根据上一段倒数第二句中的“a new world record”可知，“我”想要飞得更高，打破另一个纪录(record)。A项意为“承诺”；B项意为“平衡”；D项意为“障碍”。

答案：C

Ⅲ.短文改错

I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at her https://www.wendangku.net/doc/119294502.html,paring with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what”but also understand “why”．So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.With her help，we have learned how to analyze and settled problem s.What the amazing world of “why” she leads us！She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.

答案：

I have met many teachers since I begin began

my schooling.Of all my teachers ，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at for her age. Comparing Compared

with other teachers ，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly interesting

.In her opinion ，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”．So instead of giving us answer answers

immediately ，she encourages us to think

carefully every time

she puts forward questions.With her help ，we have learned how to analyze and settled settle problems.What the an amazing world of “why” she leads us ∧to ！She is

such a learned person that we all admire him her

very much.

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