2020高考英语语法复习：状语从句

2020高考英语语法复习：状语从句

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2019高考英语语法复习：状语从句

一、时间状语从句

1、when的用法

(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作，也可引导一个短暂性动作，可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作，有时还可表示从句动作后于主句，意为“当...时候”。

(2)when在beabouttodo...when...，bedoing...when...，haddone...when...，beonone’sway...when...，beonthepointofdoing...when...等结构中，作“那时突然”讲。

(3)when“既然、鉴于;尽管，虽然(位于主句之后);如果”

2、while的用法

(1)表示“当...时候”，引导的动作必须是延续性的。

(2)用作并列连词，表示相对关系“然而”。

(3)引导让步状语从句，相当于although,意为“虽然”，位于主句前。

(4)引导条件状语从句，相当于as/solongas，意为“只要”。

3、as的用法

(1)表示“当...时候”，强调同时发生，不指先后。

(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，表示“随着”，表示时间的推移。

(3)表示“一边...一边...”。

(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。

(5)表示“虽然，尽管”。

(6)其他含义“正如，正像”，“作为”，“由于，因为”。

4、before的用法

(1)一般意为“在...之前”“...才”，“...就”“还没有...”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可，宁愿”，“否则，要不然”。

(2)It+willbe/was+时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。在肯定句中，意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中，意为“用不了多

长时间就”。

5、until和till

(1)与肯定句连用，必须是延续性动词。

(2)与否定句连用，必须是非延续性动词，表示“直到...才，在...之前不...”。

注意：notuntil可用于强调句和倒装句

强调句：Itis/wasnotuntil…that…倒装句：notuntil放句首时，主句要部分倒装。

6、since的用法

(1)since后是非延续性动词，时间起点从该动作发生算起，意

为“做某事多久了”;since后是延续性动词，时间起点从该动作结

束算起，意为“不做某事已有多长时间”。

(2)Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时

7、表示“一......就......”的句型

(1)assoonas,once,immediately,directly,instantly,themomen t,theminute等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作

随即发生，常译作“一...就...”，这类从句中，经常用一般现在

时态代替将来时态。

(2)ondoingsth.或“onone’s+名词”作时间状语。

8、有些名词和副词可以起连接词的作用，引导时间状语从句。

注意：时间状语从句中不用将来时态。若要表示将来时间，可用一般现在时态表示。但when引导名词性从句时，从句中要使用将来时。

二、地点状语从句

1、地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。

注意：where与where的区别：Where表特定的地点，而wherever表示非特定的地点。

Wherever=to/atanyplacewhere

2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：

Where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。

三、原因状语从句

引导词：

because,since,as,nowthat,notthat…,butthat…,seeingthat,con sideringthat,inthat

注意：for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，但不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，用于表示补充说明理由。

四、目的状语从句

引导词：so,sothat,inorderthat,that,totheendthat(以便，为了)，incase,forfearthat,lest(以免，以防)，

目的状语从句中通常有情态动词

can,could,may,might,should,would等。

注意：1、incase还可表示“万一，假如”。

2、目的状语从句可以用soasto,inorderto等不定式代替，但主句和从句的主语必须一致。

五、结果状语从句

引导词：so...that(如此...以至于...)，such...that(如此...以至于...)，sothat(结果是)，withtheresultthat(所以，结果是)

注意：

(1)so...that与such...that的区别

So+形容词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词

So+形容词+a/an+单数名词such+形容词+复数名词

So+副词such+形容词+不可数名词

Somany/few+复数名词

Somuch/little+不可数名词

(2)sothat引导的目的状语从句与sothat引导的结果状语从句

目的状语从句一般使用情态动词，结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词;

结果状语从句常常用逗号与主句分开。

(3)so...that与so...as;such...that与such...as

So...that/such...that为结果状语从句;so...as/such...as为定语从句。

六、条件状语从句

引导词：if(如果)，unless(除非)，ifonly(只要，但愿)，onlyif(只有)，incase(万一)，suppose/supposing(that)

(假设)，provided/providing(that)(只要，假若)，onconditionthat(要是，在...条件下)，so/aslongas(只要)，

(let's/letus)say(假设)

七、方式状语从句

引导词：as(像...一样，正如...)，asif/asthough(好像，宛如)

注意：1、固定句型AistoBwhatCistoD.意为“A对B而言正如C 对D一样”。

2、asif,asthough引导的从句若与事实相反，用虚拟语气;若与事实相符，不用虚拟语气。

八、让步状语从句

引导词：though/although/as(虽然，尽管)，evenif/though(即使，尽管)，whether/nomatterwhether...or(not)

(不管...是否，不管是...还是)wh-ever/nomatterwh-(无论...)注意：

(1)though,although,as的区别

A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet,still,nevertheless,但不可使用but。

B、though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。

其结构为：形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠

词)+as/though+主语+谓语……

(2)though可用作副词，放在句末，意为“不过，但是”。Although无此用法。

(3)某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语，意为“尽管”，如：inspiteofthefactthat,despitethefactthat,regardlessof(thefac tthat)

九、比较状语从句

引导词：as...as(和……一样)，notas/so...as(和……不一样)，than(比)，themore...themore...(越……越……)

十、状语从句中的省略问题

1、在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致，同时从句中又含

有系动词be，则通常可省去从句的主语和系动词be,留下其余部分。

2、若状语从句中主语是it,动词是系动词be,则通常可省去主语

it及系动词be,留下其余部分。

初中英语语法大全

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形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange （×）→ a new orange （○） 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk （×）→ an old desk （○） 一张旧课桌 关键字：初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前，如a book，a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前，如an egg，an apple。 注意 有时a，an后面紧接的不是单数名词，而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词。 2.复数

高 考 状 语 从 句 考 点 复习要点

高考状语从句考点复习 一状语从句高考的考查特点 1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点 (不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰 2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高 二能力要求： 1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词 2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际. 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法区别. 三状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 ▲ 常见考点： 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题； 考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while / as / when引导时间状语从句；because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句；if / unless引导条件状语从句；so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等）； 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换； 考点四、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly / scarcely…when；no sooner…than 等） 考点五、根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词；2.根据从属连词的词义。

★四、分类：状语从句按其作用可分为九类。 1．时间状语从句常见的从属连词有：(注意其汉语意义 when, while, as, before, after, since, until (till once as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, each/every time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time, whenever等。例如： Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 注意：（1）when, while, as的区别： 1when引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如： When I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off. （主先从后）（短暂性） When I lived there, I used to go to the seaside on Sundays. (同时（持续性） When the movie ended, the people went back. （从先主后） 2while侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如： While we were chatting she was looking at the time table on the wall． 3as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如： Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast． 4）when和while还可以是并列连词，意分别为“就在这时”，“然而”。eg. I was having a rest on the sofa when the telephone rang． They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they couldn’t . 注：并列连词when常用与以下句型中： ①…was/were doing…when…（正在做…突然）②…was/were about to do…when…（刚要做…突然）

初中英语语法——If引导的条件状语从句(讲解及练习)

条件句从句主句 真实一般现在时一般将来时 情态动词+动原祈使句 非真实 一般过去时 be动词用（were） would/could+动原初中英语――条件状语从句（讲解&练习） Ⅰ条件状语从句的定义 Ⅱ条件状语从句的引导词 1.if引导的条件状语从句：表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world. 如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界 If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？ 注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 What would happen if there were no water ? 如果没有水会怎样？ 2.unless引导的条件状语从句，unless的意思是如果不，除非。可与if...not互换。 You will fail in English unless you work hard. 你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。 3.as /so long as引导的条件状语从句：as /so long as意思是“只要” So long as you're happy,i will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。 Ⅲ条件状语从句的种类 Ⅳ条件状语从句的时态原则 用法例句 ①主句为一般将来时态，if从句用一般 现在时态（即主将从现）。We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我将要呆在家。 ②主句中含有情态动词，if从句用一 般现在时态。If you finish your homework, you can go home now.如果你做完了作业，你现在可以回家了。 ③主句为祈使句，if从句用一般现在 时态。Don’t jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很热，不要跳入河里。 ④主句为过去将来时，if从句用一般 过去时态（如果涉及到be动词， 一律都用were）。此时，表达的是和现实相反的推测，用虚拟语 气。If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.如果我是你，我就不会那么做的。 If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你给我一些钱，我就会很高兴的。 二、if 引导的条件状语从句 （1）“if 从句+祈使句”的句子。其实，if 作为一个连词，主句也可以是其他形式的句子。 例如：If you want to go, please let me know. (2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句”

初中英语语法大全

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