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8A Unit 3 知识点

1. What are you going to do,Eddie？

1）be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。

We’re going to buy a new TV tomorrow.

He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday.

2）一般将来时的其他表达形式为：will+动词原形，shall+动词原形。

2. You need to exercise and keep fit.

1）need 意为“需要”，可作实义动词和情态动词

A．实义动词：need + 名词/动词不定式

I need much more money. You’re too fat, you need to exercise.

B．need + v.ing形式时表示被动意义

The flowers need watering. Your clothes need washing. C．need 做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语；在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前；疑问句中, 则在主语之前。多用在否定句或疑问句中；无人称和数的变化；否定式构成是在后面加"not"。

You need not attend the meeting tomorrow. You didn't need to tell him the news; it just made him sad.

2）exercise v. 锻炼、训练

You don’t exercise enough.

3）exercise n. “练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词。

If you want to improve your English,you must do more exercises.

They do morning exercises every morning.

词汇运用：Our English teacher often tells us to do many________(exercise)after class.

3. Let’s enjoy ourselves.

1）let’s引导的句子为祈使句，后面加动词原形

Let’s go!

2）enjoy onesflf 意为“玩的开心”，相当于have a good/great/wonderful time 或者have fun.

onesflf是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他/它/她们自己；itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己

They enjoyed themselves during the holiday.

3）反身代词的常用句型

enjoy oneself---help oneself to teach oneself sth=learn sth by oneself

hurt oneself 伤到自己keep sth to oneself 把…放在某人自己心里

leave sb alone by oneself 把某人独自留下

look after oneself=take care of oneself照顾自己

4）enjoy sth./doing sth.,相当于like,love

My little sister enjoys reading picture books.

例题：---Hi, guys. How was your party yesterday?

---Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed __________.

A. themselves

B. myself

C. yourselves

D. ourselves

4. How wide is the bridge?

1）特殊疑问句常以how,what开头。How+形容词(long,wide,tall,high)+be+主语? 例如how many,how much,how long,how often,how soon....

2）wide adj.宽的，宽广的，引申为范围大的，广泛的。

He has wide knowledge on the subject. 他对于那个问题有渊博的知识。

3）wide adv.广泛的，张的很大的。

Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what's wrong with your teeth.

把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。

4）widely adv.

wide通常表示范围或程度的极点, widely通常表示范围或程度的广大，常常不可丈量。

He has travelled widely. 他曾遍游各地。

翻译：

①他把门开得大大的。

He opened the door wide.

②英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

English is widely used in the world.

5. The bridge is made of steel,isn’t it?

1）be made of 意为“由…制成”，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。

The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木头制成。

2）be made from 也是“由…制成”的意思,强调从成品中看不出原材料。

Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。

3）be made in “由…制造”，强调产地

This kind of machine is made in China.

4）be made by “被…（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁

This ship is made by the workers.

注意：be made by hand意思是手工制造be made up of 由....组成

5）该句是反义疑问句，前肯后否，前否后肯。

例题1：用(up)of,from,by,in填空

My sweater is made _________ wool.

Our teacher told us that water was made ________oxygen and hydrogen.

例题2：

①Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________

A. don’t they

B. didn’t they

C. did they

D. do they

②His sister had a bad cough, ______she?

A. wasn’t

B. doesn’t

C. hadn’t

D. didn’t

5. Take care!

1）take care保重，通常用于信件或告别语。

2）take(good)care of=look after sb.(well)

翻译：我会照顾你的孩子的。

6. Yesterday Kitty’s teacher Mr.Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park.

1）invite v.邀请

invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事” I invited him to join our club.

invite sb. to sp. 意为“邀请某人去某地” Amy invited me to her birthday party.

2）invitation n.邀请；邀请函；招待；招致，引诱

I appreciate your invitation.感谢你的邀请。

3）join 意为“加入、参加”，表示加入某个组织、党派或社会团体从而成为其成员。

join the pioneer 加入少先队join the army 参军

join in 也是“加入、参加”，多指参加比赛或活动，join in=take part in +活动，join sb in doing sth 加入某人做某事Why didn’t you join in the talk last night?

4）join,join,take part in,attend区别：

join指参加某团体或组织成为其中一员或参加活动，常加club,Party等。

attend主要指“到场”或“出席”会议、宴会、典礼、仪式等，如：class,meeting等。take part in指参加一项工作,在其中分担一部分,也指参加活动并积极工作，如activity等。

例题：

用join/join in/take part in/attend 的适当形式填空。

①We're going to visit the flower show tomorrow. Will you __________us?

②How many countries_________ the last Olympic Games?

③He didn't _______-school yesterday because of his illness.

④All the league members_______the meeting,at which ten students _______ the league.

⑤Will you_______us_______playing basketball?

7. We finally arrived at the park.

1）arrive at 意为“到达”，arrive at +小地点（如村、镇、车站等），arrive in 也是“到达”，arrive in +大地点（如国家、大城市等）

2）arrive,get, reach区分

都有“到达”的意思，arrive和get都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here, there, home之类表地点的副词作状语。We got/ arrived here last night.

要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in或者at；而get其后需接介词to，When we got to the park, it began to rain.

reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reach Nanjing 到南京。Reach 之后也可接here,there,home等词。

例题：

①---When will the plane ___________? --- In an hour.

A. reach

B. arrive in

C. get to

D. arrive

②They arrived Shanghai a cold morning.

A. in: in

B. in: on

C. at: on

D. at: in

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