英语语法分词grammar12-1

Exercise 12

Identify participles or participle phrases and point out their grammatical function in each of them.

1.H e?d be in that, too, right at the front of it, as Grand Marshal or something, on a

white horse hired from a livery stable.past participle phrase as attributive

2.They?d cook food there and drink beer and sit about listening to his stories.present

participle phrase as accompanying adverbial

3.I knew we had them licked.past participle phrase as object complement

4.An orderly riding by had told him, because the orderly knew how thick he was

with Grant.present participle phrase as attributive

5.I?m all covered with mud.past participle phrase as predicative

6.if there wasn?t anything to eat in the house, he?d go off visiting around at

farmhouses.infinitives as attributive

7.She?d never say a word about all the weeks he?d been away, not leaving us a cent

for food.present participle phrase as adverbial

8.once I heard her speaking to a woman in our street.object complement

9.As though some man….maybe a Congressman, had married my mother, thinking

his wife was dead and then it turned out she wasn?t.present participle phrase as adverbial

10.He found me alone in the house, reading by the kitchen table.present participle

phrase as accompanying adverbial

11.He sat and looked at me for a long time, not saying a word.present participle

phrase as accompanying adverbial

12.It was still raining hard and there were flashes of lightning followed by

thunder.past participle phrase as attributive

Rewrite the sentences using participles where possible.

1.They talked to her for a good hour and tried to persuade her to stay on.

They talked to her for a good hour, trying to persuade her to stay on.

2.when she read the book again, she discovered that she had missed a lot in the

reading.

Reading the book again, she discovered that she had missed a lot in the reading.

3.Anything that is grown in new ground like this has a better flavor.

Anything grown in new ground like this has a better flavor.

4.All those who wish to participate in the seminar must sign up by Friday.

All those wishing to participate in the seminar must sign up by Friday.

5.The man who spoke to MBA students of the university yesterday is the CEO of a

big Chinese company.

The man speaking to MBA students of the university yesterday is the CEO of a big Chinese company.

6.Films that are produced by a group of young Chinese directors are gaining

acceptance worldwide.

Films produced by a group of young Chinese directors are gaining acceptance worldwide.

7.He was encouraged by the success of his fellow swimmers. So he decided to got

for the gold medal.

encouraged by the success of his fellow swimmers,he decided to got for the gold medal.

8.The runners reached their destination and they were utterly exhausted.

The runners reached their destination,utterly exhausted.

9.The door opened. It was Harley, who entered. He looked dirty and tired and was

carrying a suitcase and an umbrella.

The door opened. It was Harley, who entered. looking dirty and tired , carrying a suitcase and an umbrella.

10.The young woman who is talking with Professor Liu is a Ph. D candidate.

The young woman talking with Professor Liu is a Ph. D candidate.

11.When the news reached them, they stared at each other; they were puzzled and trouble.

When the news reached them, they stared at each other; puzzled and trouble.

12.They were stunned by the charges against their country. They walked out of the conference.

Stunned by the charges against their country,they walked out of the conference.

13.In those days of loneliness, he would often sit by the window and look out. He hoped that someone would come to see him.

In those days of loneliness, he would often sit by the window and look out, hoping that someone would come to see him.

14.The first prize of the singing contest went to a young Danish woman. She is studying Chinese literature at Peking University.

The first prize of the singing contest went to a young Danish woman, studying Chinese literature at Peking University.

15.The football fans went home. They were greatly disappointed by the performance of their favorite team.

The football fans went home,greatly disappointed by the performance of their favorite team.

16.The taxi driver took the injured boy and his parents to hospital. Then he left quietly.

Having taken the injured boy and his parents to hospital,the taxi driver left quietly. Point out the grammatical functions of passive infinitives, present participles and gerunds.

1. “While you, I take it,” Mr. Harraby-Ribston snapped back, “pride yourself on being surprised by nothing.” objective complement

2. As they meet these people and interact with them, they find themselves being introduced to new ways of life and new ways of interpreting life.objective complement

3. Wouldn?t he be afraid of being caught?objective

4. Maybe the boy did kill his father, did run out in a panic, did calm down three hours after the killing to come back to get the knife, risking being caught.adverbial

5. I started to be convinced early on in the case…predictive

6. A man like that needs to be recognized, to be listened to, to be quoted just once.predictive

7. Even so, stories about the middle boy began to be told early.predictive

8. “There?s to much of an entitlement attitude nowadays, ” he says, “ …I deserve this?needs to be replaced with …I earned this.?”objective complement

9. It was a wonder to me they?d want to be seen with such a windbag.subjective complement

10. The international student, who expected to be appointed to an important governmental position when he returned home, had a brother who taught law at the major university of his country.attributive

高中英语语法分类练习题8 分词

练习8 分词 （） 1. __________ with the best students, I still have a long way to go. A. Having compared B. To compare C. Compared D. Compare （） 2. The music of the film _________ by him sounds so ___________ . A. playing, exciting B. played, excited C. playing, excited D. played, exciting （） 3. __________ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave home. A. Warned B. Having warned C. To warn D. Warn （） 4. In __________ countries, you can’t always make yourself _______ by speaking English. A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood （）5. After _____________ the old man, the doctor suggested that he ___________ a bad cold. A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch （） 6. _____________ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it. A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer （）7. ________ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary. A. Having not known B. Not to know C. Don’t know D. Not knowing （）8. As his parent, you shouldn’t have your child ___________ such a book. A. read B. to read C. reading D. be reading （）9. He returned from abroad ______________ that his mother had been badly ill. A. heard B. having been heard C. having phoned D. having been phoned

高中英语语法讲解与练习之动词过去分词

高中英语语法之动词过去分词 简介 规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词 1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成. He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构. 过去分词构成规则 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词，见不规则表 一、当过去分词作为表语 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山. 【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语) 【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing 形式来修饰物. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 二、当过去分词作为定语 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成. 1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2. 过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人. 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.

高英语语法专项练习：过去分词

过去分词专项训练 Part1: Fill in the blanks 1. When_______(ask) why he was late, he went red.(脸红了) 2. Deeply ____ (move) by the story, she began to cry. 3. He walked out of the house，_______ （follow）by his pet dog ______(name )Snoopy. 4. When______ (travel), you should take care of your health. 5. Although________ (shock) at the nationwide milk crisis, many mothers still showed they would choose the brands of milk powder cautiously instead of saying “no” to it. party. 6. Even if______ (invite), I won’t attend the evening = Even if I______ (invite), I won’t attend the evening party. 7 _______(dress )in white, she looks really pretty. 8 ________(see) the picture, I couldn’t help thinking of his good old days. 9 Can you see the boy ___________ (question) by the police now? 10 The building ___________ (complete) at the end of this year will be our library. 3. At last the man managed to make himself ___ with his ____ French. A. understood; broken B. understand; break C. understanding; breaking D. understand; broken 4. _____ to be one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century, the computer is playing a more and more important role in social life. A. Considered B. Considering C. To consider D. Consider 5. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 6. Daring, Can’t you get _________ quickly, only fifteen minutes for the party! A. changing B. change C. to be changed D. changed 7. We must study as much as possible to meet the needs of a _________ world we face. A. ever-changed B. ever-change C. ever-changes D. ever-changing 8 The ________ story of the hero _______ everyone to tears. A. moving; moved B. moving; moving C. moved; moved D. moved; moving 9. After the storm there were quite a few ______ trees on the ground. Many people saw them ______ down when the storm came up. A. fallen; fall B. fallen; fallen C. fallen; to fall D. falling; fall 10. To our great grief, there were more than 10 million people _______ in the Wen Chuang earthquake. A. killing B. to be killed C. killed D. having been killed em big at all. 11 _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t se A Compare B When comparing C Comparing D When compared 12. If one third of a person’s blood _______, they may die. A. lost B is lost C. is losing D. loses tudents ____ outside to come in right away. 13. It’s time for the class meeting. Tell the s A. playing B. to play C. played D. who play 14. ____ drivers are a danger to the safety of the public. A. Drank B. Drunk C. Drinking D. Drink - 1 - / 3

英语语法 -ing分词的用法

英语语法-ing分词的用法 ing分词的用法 1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式doing 主动形式having done 被动形式being done 被动形式having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。 This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。 4. -ing分词的语法作用 -ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。 1)–ing分词（短语）作主语： Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 在下面两种结构中，-ing分词也作主语。 ①为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 ②在There is no结构中，通常用-ing分词。如： There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。

(word完整版)高中英语语法全解-过去分词

第7章动词的过去分词形式 动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种，它具有动词的一些特点，同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能，在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。 一、动词的-ed形式的特征 A．动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成 动词的-ed形式只有一种形式，即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。 1．规则动词的-ed形式 limit→limited（限制） pretend→pretended（假装） escape→escaped（逃脱） provide→provided（提供） refer→referred（提交） drag→dragged（拖） pray→prayed（祈祷） supply→supplied（供应） 2．不规则动词的-ed形式 cast→cast（投掷） spread→spread（传播） bite→bitten（咬） forgive→forgiven（原谅） spit→spat（吐） wear→worn（穿） fight→fought（搏斗） lose→lost（丢失） 3．少数动词的-ed形式作定语时，读音与一般过去分词不同 learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授 aged an aged man 老人 beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机 B．动词的-ed形式的否定形式 动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去，他只好在外面等着。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会，她很生气。 C．动词的-ed形式的特征 动词的-ed形式有被动的意思，有时也可表示完成的动作。 1．动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的-ed形式外，动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义，有的同时也带有被动的意义。

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(过去分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（动名词） 敬告： 以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。 过去分词长什么样？规则的情况下与动词过去式相同，当然有不规则的情况；过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语，不可能充当主语、宾语； 过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式，只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语；它与宾语是被动关系，或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语；充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构；表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成，或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语，它与主句主语是被动关系，或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系； 过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间，多用于条件和原因状语；(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

考研英语语法分词解析(三)考研

三、分词的否定式 分词或分词短语表示否定意义时，将not置于分词之前，不能放在分词之后。 例句： Equipment not conforming to official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop. (2001年第24题) 分析：该句是简单句。not conforming to official safety standards是分词短语作后置定语修饰equipment。 译文：凡是不符合官方安全标准的设备都已经搬出了车间。 例句： Not having been destroyed by the heavy snow， our houses at last were kept perfect during last winter. 分析：该句是简单句。 Not having been destroyed by...在句中作状语表示原因，相当于because our houses had not been destroyed by...。 译文：由于没有遭到大雪的破坏，去年冬天我们的房子最终完好无损。 四、独立主格结构(Absolute Construction) 分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致，即句子的主语便是它的逻辑主语，否则就会出现悬垂或荡空结构(前面已讲过)，但有时分词有其独立的逻辑主语，即分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，这就是独立主格结构。 (一)独立主格结构公式 逻辑主语A+分词(短语)+主B谓 在上述公式中，其中(逻辑主语+分词短语)属于独立主格结构，主谓是一完整句子，两者位置可以相互调换，A、B两主语不一致(A、B由名词或代词充当，有时也可在逻辑主语A 前加上介词with或without)，如前面所述例句。 例句： All flights having been canceled because of the snowstorm， we decided to take the train. 分析： All flights...the snowstorm是独立主格结构部分， we decided...为一完整句子， all flights和we所指不一样，即分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。另外，公式中分词短语也可用不定式、形容词等来代替。 (二)独立主格结构具体构成 1. 逻辑主语+分词(现在分词或过去分词)

高中英语高考语法过去分词讲与练

高中英语高考语法过去分词讲与练 过去分词只有一种形式，即-ed形式或特殊形式。过去分词通常表示被动，完成。 pollute polluted write written show showed/shown 过去分词的否定：not done ★A.定语: 过去分词作定语只有一个词时，通常放在被修饰的名词前面(但也有例外)，是一个短语作定语时，就放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词作定语时，被修饰的名词与过去 分词之间是被动关系。 1)We can’t live on borrowed money. 2)The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer. 3)You mustn’t drink the polluted water. 4)You mustn’t drink the water polluted by the chemicals from the factory. 5)The computer centre, opened last year, is very popular among the students in this school． 6)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students. 7) ---- Can those seated/sitting at the back of the classroom hear me? ---- No problem. 8)Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso. ●以下过去分词作定语，虽然是一个词，但习惯上放在被修饰的名词之后： 1)A great number of students questioned said they were forced to practice the piano. 2)Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions taken? 3)All the efforts made will pay off, at last. 4)After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope provided. 5)These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior under stress. 6)The head of the museum reported paid 200 million dollars for the painting. 7)As the researchers expected, 30% of the drivers surveyed said that they fell asleep while driving. 8)Forty-two percent of people asked admitted that they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story 9)The money collected should be made good use of to help the people who suffered a lot in the earthquake. (collected也可放在money的前面) a carefully(badly)written article (report/composition) a widely(narrowly) used language (tool/book) a newly discovered island (village/tomb/forest) a newly invented/made machine (helicopter/fan) a well(badly) built bridge (dam/house/railway) a highly developed country (state/province/city) ●以下过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动: a fallen tree/leaf: 倒下的树/落叶the risen sun/moon: 升起了的太阳/月亮a faded rose: 凋谢的玫瑰花 a retired worker: 退休工人 an escaped prisoner: 逃犯 a returned student: 归国留学生★B. 表语: 过去分词可放在系动词be, become, get, look, seem, appear, sound等后作表语，表示主语自身的感受。 1)Everybody is really excited about the new Olympic stadium. 2)He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. 3)The painter looked tired after working for a whole day. 4) My mother appeared pleased with the lanterns she had made. ●以下动词除scare, delight, trouble,stress (使焦虑不安;使疲惫不堪)外均可加ed或 ing构成一个形容词。-ed形容词常表示主语或被修饰的人/动物自身的感受; ing形容 词常表示主语或被修饰的名词使/令人有某种感受。 surprise, astonish, amaze, shock, frighten, terrify, alarm(使害怕/惊恐), touch, move, annoy(使生气/恼怒), bore(使厌烦), disturb(使焦虑/烦恼/不安/惊讶), please, amuse, fulfill(使高兴/满意), encourage, inspire, tire, exhaust, interest, satisfy, excite, relax, disgust(使反感), worry, frustrate(使沮丧), disappoint, embarrass, confuse, puzzle, thrill, depress, convince… boring : 令人生厌的; 令人厌倦的; 没趣的; 乏味的; 无聊的 annoying: 使人烦恼的/心烦的/生气的; 使人气恼的/恼火的/讨厌的 【scare --- scary】【delight ---delightful】 【trouble ---troublesome】【stress -- stressful】 【upset ---upsetting】 ●以上动词构成的-ed形式还可用来修饰以下名词: face, look, laugh, smile, eye, voice， manner, heart, expression, tone, cry, feeling, conversation, pace等。 1)Her excited laugh shows that she has been hired by the company. 2) Can you see your mother’s frightened eyes?

高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词

高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词 一、不定式(to do的构成 1. 不定式的构成 不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例: 主动式 被动式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing / 完成进行式 to have been doing /

1 不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如: They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。 2 不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如: She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。 I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。 It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country. 对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。 3 不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如: It’s nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。 He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地 听老师讲课。

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(现在分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（现在分词） 敬告： 以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。 现在分词长什么样？就是动词的进行时ing形式； 如果是及物动词，还可以跟它的宾语和补语； 现在分词可以充当定语、状语、补语，是非谓语的动词，不能充当主语、宾语；动词进行时ing形式充当主语或宾语，恰恰是动名词的事儿。 1、现在分词可以充当定语 This is a moving story. The girl standing over there (who is standing over there) is my daughter. 2、现在分词可以充当状语，多为时间状语从 The lawyer listened with full attention, trying not to miss any point. 现在分词引导时间状语从句，相当于： The lawyer listened with full attention, when he tried not to miss any point. Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well. 现在分词引导时间状语从句，相当于： After Carter had lived in Beijing for many years, He knew the city well. 3、现在分词可以充当补语，对主语或宾语进行补充说明 (1) Don’t have your students studying all day. (2) The movie is very interesting.

英语语法：分词构句

分词构句 A.分词构句的形成 原则上,主要子句与分词构句主词一致 1.When I opened the door, I heard a strange sound. Opening the door, I heard a strange sound. 主次相同,省略; 连接词视情况省略 2.As I was ill, I couldn’t go to school. Being ill, I couldn’t go to school. B.分词构句的含义 a.表时间 意指when, while等 1.Seeing the accident, she began to cry. When she saw the accident, she began to cry. 2.Keeping him waiting outside, she did her shopping. do shopping在买, go shopping逛逛而已 While she kept him waiting outside, she did her shopping. b.表原因,理由 意指because, since, as等 1.Because he is a kind man, he is loved by everyone. Being a kind man, he is loved by everyone. 2.Because I didn’t know what to say, I remained silent.

Not knowing what to say, I remained silent. c.表附带状况 1.I ran all the way, and I arrived just in time. I ran all the way,arriving just in time. 2.I washed the dishes as I listen to my favorite music. I washed the dishes, listening to my favorite music. d.表条件if 1.If you turn left after the bank, you will see our house on you right. If turning left after the bank, you will see our house on you right. If 不可省 2.If you arrive earlier, you will have to wait for a while. If arriving earlier, you will have to wait for a while. e.表让步though, although 1.Though I admit (that) you’re right, I still can’t agree with you. Admitting you’re right, I stil l can’t agree with you. 子音+元音+子音 >双写加ing 2.Although he lives near my house, he seldom comes to see me.

英语语法分词用法详解[英语语法详解：分词]

英语语法分词用法详解[英语语法详解：分词] 第八章分词 一.概念: 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式 二.相关知识点精讲: 1.现在分词的用法： 1)做表语： Hewasveryamusing. Thatbookwasratherboring. 很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语： exciting,interesting,encouraging,disappointing,confusing ,touching,puzzling. 2)作定语： 上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语,修饰一个名词： Thatmusthavebeenaterrifyingexperience. Ifoundhimacharmingperson. 现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词,相当于一个定语从句： Thereareafewboysswimmingintheriver. Thereisacarwaitingoutside. 3)作状语： 现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作：

FollowingTom,westartedtoclimbthemountain. Openingthedrawer,hetookoutabox. Takingakeyoutofhispocket,heopenedthedoor. 现在分词短语还可以表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句：Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher. Beingunemployed,hehasn’tgotmuchmoney. 现在分词短语还可以表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句：Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy. Returninghome,hebegantodohishomework. Jimhurthisarmwhileplayingtennis.

(英语语法)现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法

现在分词和过去分词的用法 1)As Lily missed the bus, she was late for the class. Missing the bus, she was late for the class. 2)As the student was scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. 一、现在分词 （一）现在分词的定义： 现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，由动词原形+ing形式组成。具有双重性，一面具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；另一面具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，可以表示主动或正在进行的动作，是非谓语动词的一种。 （二）现在分词的功能与用法： 1. 作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前，分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。 e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is running an old man standing there →an old man who is standing there 例如： The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications. A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required 2. 作补语 只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补: 1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe find listen to look at 2）使役动词：have get make 注意：要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。 eg. I saw Thomas playing computer games. Don’t have the students studying all day. 注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。 3. 作表语 (1) 分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是－ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用－ed形式。这类词常见的有： interesting 使人感到高兴— interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的