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七年级下册英语语法知识点

七年级下学期英语语法知识点

一、动词时态

二、否定句、一般疑问句的结构

句中有be、can, may , must, would 的变法

否定句只在其后＋not (some-any)

一般疑问句将其放到句首...＋？

句中没有be、can, may , must, would 的变法

Can you ...? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

Is he...? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

Do you ...? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Does she... ? Yes she does. No, she doesn’t. Did they...? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Would you...? Yes, I would. No. I wouldn’t. Were they...? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t. Should you...? Yes, I should. No, I shouldn’t.

三、句子

（一）9类句子

1.简单句 This is an orange bike.

2.并列句 He knows me and I know him.

3.复合句 When I was 5, I could swim.

4.选择问句 Did you live here or there?

5.特殊疑问句 What did they learn just now?

6.感叹句 What a heavy rain it is!

7.一般疑问句 Does Tom speak French?

8.否定句 I don’t understand it.

9.祈使句 Stand （Don’t） up.

（二）祈使句

祈使句：无人称、动词开头，带命令色彩的句子。

肯定：Open the window, please. Look at here.

Please read after me.

否定：Don’t open the window. Don’t look at here.

Don’t read after me.

四、句型 (及交际用语)

1.某人用多长时间做某事：

It takes/took sb. + time + to do sth.

2. 提问时间：

What’s the time?

What time is it?

What time is it by your watch?

3.提问日期：

What’s the date today?

What was the date yesterday?

4. 提问星期几：

What day is today?

What day was yesterday?

5.提问某人的生日：

When is one’s birthday?

6. 提问天气：

What is the weather like today?

(How is the weather today?)

What was the weather yesterday?

(How was the weather yesterday?

7.提问温度：

What’s today’s temperature?

How about the temperature?

8. 提问人的相貌：

What does...look like?

9. 提问人的性格：

What is ... like?

10.询问对方情况：

What’s wrong with...sb.?

What’s the matter with ...sb.?

11. 到该做什么事的时候了。

It’s time to do sth.

It’s time for sth.

12. 提建议用语：

Why not do sth.?

Why don’t you do sth.?

What about sth. / doing sth.?

It’s best to do sth.

You’d better do sth.

13.谈论健康问题：

1) 用英文叙述自己的病症

have a fever

have a cold

have a pain here

have a headache

have a sore through

have a stomachache...

2) 就此病症提出合理建议

Take / Have + some / these medicine + three times a day. Drink more water and stay in bed for a few days.

It’s nothing serious. You’ll be / get / become OK / well soon/ in one or two days.

Don’t be so tired.

五、词类

1. 动词

2. 系动词

3. 代词

4.不定代词

5. 连词

6.形容词、副词

7.数词

8. 频率副词

9. 介词10. 疑问词（一）动词

1.动词(谓语)

He watches TV every day.

He is watching TV now.

He watched TV a moment ago.

2.动词(非谓语)

He enjoys watching TV.

Jim makes me laugh.

I wanted to see it again.

（二）系动词 (+形容词的动词)

look turn sound become taste be feel smell get

1. Jim’s idea sounds nice.

2. Kate looks taller.

3. I feel nervous now.

4. Beijing becomes bigger.

5. The days get long.

6. The cake tastes delicious.

（四）不定代词

1. other/others, the other/the others,

Another/One..., the other.../any other

2. one, ones, one’s

3. something somebody/someone anything anybody/anyone everything everybody/everyone nothing nobody/no one （五）连词

1. and

2. but

3. or

4. so

5. though

6. because

7. when

8. before

9. after 10. as 11. if

练习：用and, when, because,but,or,so,though before,after,if, 填空

1. Jim often helps me with my English _____ I often help him with his Chinese.

2. ___ the question is very difficult, few of us can answer it.

3. Mr. Black is over 70 years old, ____ he still works 8 hours

a day.

4. Everyone must be here _________ 6:00 tomorrow.

5. __________it is raining heavily, the farmers are still working in the field.

6. I can help you ___ I have time.

7. ______ getting up, I always listen to the radio for a while.

8. We must be quick, ___ we can’t follow them.

9. To catch the early bus, ___ I got up very early this morning.

10. ______ the teacher came in, I was thinking about the game.

11. __ you know him, why not go and meet Jim instead of me, Kate? 答案：And because but before Though if After or so When If （六）形容词、副词

1.形容词与副词的转换

（1）在词尾处+ ly;quick—quick ly

（2）y结尾时,去y + ily;easy—eas ily

（3）有的e结尾的单词,需去y + ly，有的则直接+ly。

terribl e-terrib ly tru e-tru ly brav e-brave ly

carefu l-careful ly

2.形容词、副词的使用

形容词:修饰名词

They are clever boys. I prefer long hair.

副词:修饰动词、形容词

It really sounds nice. They work very hard.

（七）数词

1.基数词变序数词

2.用来表达年、月、日

3.用来表达时、分

4.百,千,万,的表达

5.几分之几

（八）频率副词

always usually often sometimes seldom never 用How often对它们进行提问。

他们体现了动词出现的频率程度。

?I always have milk for breakfast.

?I usually have eggs for breakfast.

?I often have noodles for it.

?I sometimes have fruits for it.

?I seldom have rice for it.

?I never have meat in the morning.

（九）介词

1.与时间相关的介词

（1） on 具体日子、节日、生日、星期几前

（2） in 某年、某月前

（3） at 某分，某时前

（4） for 时间段前

（5）当“早上、下午、晚上”被修饰时不用 in，而用on.

2.表示方位的介词：某物／处在某处的东南西北。

north北； east东； south南； west西

northeast东北；southeast东南；southwest西南；northwest西北in, to, on 的区别

某处在某处之外 to 某处在某处之内 in 某处与某处相接壤on 3.with 的多种用法

do sth. with sb./ sth. a girl with long hair

a room with two doors a city with large population

be busy with sth. be popular with... be with a style of... talk with sb. help sb. with sth. an action movie with Jackie Chan What’s wrong / the matter with...?

1.wake up

2. wake...sb. up

3. tell... about

4. talk to / with sb.

5. invite ...to...

6. play with

7. think about... think out think of...

8. fall off

9. come out

10. get along with...

11. turn on / off

12. put on

13. take off

14. be always doing...

15. add... to

16. know about

17. learn about

18. start with

19. give of

20. be called / named

21. stop off

22. on the telephone

23. on the Internet

24. on weekend

25. on the earth on the moon

26. in many ways

27. in fact

28. in summer

29. in the sun

30. in one’s thirties

31. in space

32. in 1990

33. in the 1990s

34. in the night

35. at night

36. at this time of year

37. at the same time

38. at the moment

39. at the end of...

40. from...to..

41. for a while

42. for a drink

43.for days

44. on the other side of...

45. on one’s way to...

46. on the top

47. a road to...

48. to sb.

49. be different from...

50. be difference between

51. go to sw. for a holiday

52. as usual

53. be interested in...

54. be always doing...

55. by bike

56. on Kate’s bike

57. a photo of...

58. a photographer for

59.not...at all

60. get into trouble

61. listen to music

62. go to concerts

63. in class

64. first of all

65. in the past

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b10378795.html,st year

67. from the 1960s

68. apart from...

69. thousands of...

hundreds of...

70. for example

71. the trip to...

72. too much noise

73. much too expensive

74. save up

75. go on vacation

76. take photos

77. stay at a hotel

78. on the same team

79. need ...for...

80. do sth. on one’s own

81. make one stop

82. all night

83. a lot of fun

84. plan to do

85. decide to do

86. want to do

87. a big meal

88. keep out

89. one third

90. the time of...

91. a form of...

92. drive to sw.

93. the capital of...

94. be full of...

95. more than

96. the shape of...

97. 10 thousand

98. a northern city of...

99. get a view of ...

100. the population of Beijing

101. a population of

102 the same as

103. all the time

104. all kinds of

105. three times a day

106. take the medicine

七、易混淆的词、词组

1.What is ...like? What does...look like?

2.what to do how to do it

3.in the corner at the corner

4.wake up wake sb. up

5.get dressed dress sb.

6.there be have / has

7.Join take part in...

8.a population of... the population of...

9.in the east of... to the east of...

10.trip travel

11.other, others

the other, the others

One..., the other... another

any other schools any other school

12.stop to do sth.stop doing sth.

13.besides except

14.a little little

a bit, a bit of...

a few, few

15.get to... arrive in / at... reach

16.too much much too

17.by car, in Jim’s car

by bike, on Jim’s bike

18.excited, interested, amazed/exciting, interesting, amazing

19.It’s time to ... . It’s time for... .

20.like as

21.noise, voice, sound

22.hear, listen, listen to

23. say, tell, talk, speak

24 wear, put on, dress, get dressed

25. read, watch, see, look, look at

八、易错的词

( finish enjoy spend keep prefer practice ) +doing

还有介词＆busy +doing

( make let )+do(plant order decide want ask)+to do

1.Without thinking more, he left here.

2.I can’t finish writing it in only a few minutes.

3.Everyone is busy getting ready for the final exams.

4.Mother always spends much time doing such foolish things.

5.Jim was good at dancing when he was young.

6.Let’s practice speaking English, OK?

九、不易用对的词

enough(名词前) enough water enough books

enough time enough people enough(形容词、副词后) tall enough strong enough good enough big enough 十、形容词与不定代词的位置

something easy, hard, important...

anything useful, interesting, funny...

nothing difficult, cheap, amazing, exciting...

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