中考英语阅读小绝招

中考英语阅读“小绝招”

很多人都有这种感觉，平时课本上的单词自己都掌握了，为什么遇到阅读还是有很多看不懂呢？尤其考试有种题型，就是考单词意思的。其它题目虽然不直接考，但也是与那些"生词"有关的。

一般而言，这类问题被归结为单词量不够。要解决这个问题，是不是就要多背单词呢？单词是要背，但是要背到要点上。中考大纲，英语的要求是1600字，初中生的阅读要求是200,000字，高中生约300，000字。这些阅读材料中的单词必然是以大纲中的1600为主，而剩余的，阅读中允许的3的生词则是在英语约300，000的总单词量中去选取。要想靠背诵完全解决生词问题，从这里看似乎不大实际。这里我有一点想法，

第一，不是每个生词都是必须看懂的。英语中有大量的词总是大写第一个字母的，而他们也大多属于专有名词，表示人名，地名，事件。如adela、manchester、nato。遇到这类词完全可以视若罔闻。

第二，有的词是乔装过的。学英语的人都知道，英语中有些词通过前面或者后面加一些字母，就会变成另一个词。如，regular--irregular,kind--kindness,前者通过加-ir变成起否定形式，后者通过在后面加-ness,变成了名词。归纳起来，一般说前缀变词义(如肯否定)，后缀变词性。只要记住这个原则，平时在学习是有意识的去检验，积累各种加前后缀的形式，你的单词量将是以倍数增加

第三，有的词是有"前科"的。就阅读这个题型而言，有的词是在文章中有提示的。英语写作有个潜在的规则，词语若非不得已，不要重复。这是同学们写作时，老是告诉大家的话，而这也是，大家做的阅读材料的作者在上学时，他的老师告诉他的话。秉承这个原则，我们可以在文章的结构平行出找到线索。或是反义词，或是近义词。根据文章的具体情况，同学们不难作出一个比较有针对性的选择。

第四，有些词是必学的。这里说得必学的就是，大纲要求的单词(如初中的1600词)，平时做题总是遇到的单词，生活中会经常遇到的单词。这些词是同学们发挥才智，施展所有做题技巧的基础。在学这些单词时，要做到，有方法、有计划、有恒心。这里我提供一个自己觉得不错的方法，单词表上的词分类，单独把不会的列出来，分批背，不用太急，一天5个，一周五天，一天总复习，一天总默写检查。平时总是遇到又不认识的，用一本笔记本把他们都记下来，划入单词表计划。生活中多观察，新闻，公示语，商标都是提高英语词汇的窗口。2，文章看不懂。

情况是这样的，"单词我都认识，文章说什么我就是看不懂。"也许有的同学会这样说。问题可能出在这里:

第一，单词不是真的都认识。其实也不难理解，大家打开字典，会发现几乎每一个单词都不是只有一个释义。有这样问题的同学所说的认识，也许只是这些单词的一个意思，有可能在文段中考查的是他的另一个意思。这类情况，我们称为"熟词生义"。要解决它，就把他当个生词来处理就行了。唯一不同的是，同学们对这类词的处理要跟注重在语境中理解，这样才能更好的区分不同词义。

第二，语法句式不熟。这个原因更普遍一些。阅读中的句子有的是很长的，有的是很怪异的。长的可能是加了从句，(主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句)怪的则有可能是倒装，悬垂修饰，插入语，这些语法点。解决这个就是要解决语法弱项，认真学好每个语法现象，多去用学过的语法去分析英语句子，久而久之就会很快的反应出是什么语法现象了。

第三，没看到重点。现在中学英语考试中的文章还是有规律的，他们基本上都是段首写该段的中心，后面论述。文章则是第一段，最后一段容易提出作者的观点。在处理好这些部分外，

还要注意文段中表示转折的句子，其标志词常常是but,while,however,inspiteofthis等。

3，文章看不完。

考试时时间总是过的太快，阅读有经常是花时间最多的题型。在我自己上学过程中不管是平时的测验，还是中考，高考，研究生考试中，交卷时总有同学还在忙着从阅读没做完的遗憾中醒来，匆忙的把答案写在答题卡上。要是问起原因，得到的答案大多数都是，"阅读花了太多时间。"提高阅读速度大致有这样几条小建议:

第一，平时多读，多读好处有很多，如①考试时能够不紧张，以平和的心态，正常的速度完成。②总结做题技巧，如定位法，上下文联系法，排除法等。③提高反应速度，我们看到一个生词需要花一定的时间去反应，当一个人经常见到某个词时，他对这个词的反应速度必定会很快。加入一个词的反应时间能通过多读缩短0.1秒，一篇文章会节省多少时间，一份试卷，有能节约多少时间呢？

第二，考试时少读。考试时的阅读如果归类于平时练习的题型，它更侧重泛读。考试考察是同学们在规定时间内找到要求的信息的能力，不是复述文章细节的能力。那考试时读什么呢？大致有一下几类:①中心句，中心段(首尾)②转折句③问题中出现的词，尤其是一些很有特点的词如，专有名词。在文段中快速找到相应词语所在位置。问题的答案往往就在附近。也许这也像是一句老话那样，"毒蛇出没的地方，七步之内必有解药。"

第三，平时多去积累不同题型的解决方法。如细节题--定位法，观点题--中心句法。在考试中遇到题目，能够对症下药。

4，题目做不对。

考试后，总会有同学说，"文章我都看懂了，怎么还错这么多呀？"这时候与其去怀疑答案的权威性，还不如静下心好好分析一下，我真看懂了吗？我看懂的是问题问的内容吗？

1.如果没真的看懂，是什么原因，如果是上面三条之一，不妨试试上面的一些方法。

2.如果真看懂了，那么看懂的是不是考卷要考察的内容呢？我们总会有这种心理，在看懂了一些不是很容易看懂的东西后，就很有成就感，就突然觉得这篇文章我理解了，然后就会在自己的理解和诠释下答题。这时候是最容易出错的，因为这时候我们已经不是在做客观题，而是做主观题。阅读考查的是读者对作者意图的接受程度，这就要求同学们身于其中，有置于其外。不能有太多的发挥。

Something is easier said than done ! the best way is to do more practising !

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