高考简单名词练习题

高考简单名词练习题

一、单项选择名词

1．After the earthquake, the first thing the government did was to provide ______for the homeless families.

A．accommodation B．resources C．furniture D．recreation

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：地震后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。A. accommodation住处；B. resources资源；物力；C. furniture家具；D. recreation反应。根据句意故选A。

2． attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.

A．Drivers not paying; invitation B．Drivers’ not paying; invitation

C．Drivers not paying; cause D．Drivers’ not paying; cause

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词和名词。句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers’ not paying；第二个空，an invitation to“------的一个邀请”，结合句意此空填invitation。故选B。

3．Because of the heavy snow, the researchers failed to reach their ________ on time as expected.

A．stage B．agreement

C．kingdom D．destination

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：由于大雪，研究人员未能如期到达目的地。A. stage阶段；B. agreement协议；C. kingdom王国；D. destination目的地，根据题意，故选D。

4．As an American living in-Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ________ be a w itness to China’s great progress.

A．privilege B．preference C．priority D．principle

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中

国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。A. privilege 荣幸；B. preference偏爱；C. priority 优先；D. principle原则。privilege“荣幸”符合句意。故A选项正确。

5．When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first______ they turn to.

A．privilege B．source C．assistance D．outcome

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome 结果。句意：当人们需要信息时，从新闻和天气预报到旅游套餐和学术研究，互联网现在是他们求助的第一个来源。结合句意可知答案为B。

6．He was so nervous during the test. No ______ he didn’t pass the exam.

A．way B．surprise

C．wonder D．matter

【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。No way没门,没办法,根本不行；No wonder难怪；No matter不管什么。他考试时太紧张了。难怪他没有通过考试。选C。

7．It is widely accepted that your babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to_____. A．awards B．prizes C．rewards D．results

【答案】C

【解析】

考查名词辨析。award 奖励 prize奖品 reward 回报；报酬 result结果根据意思，人们广泛地接受，孩子是因为他们的行为得到回报而学会做一些事情。

8．On how to improve our spoken English, Mr. Smith has given us ______.

A．many good advices B．a number of advice

C．much advice D．some advices

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查不可数名词的用法。句意：关于如何提高我们的英语口语，史密斯先生给了我们很多建议。advice为不可数名词，需要使用much或者a lot of来修饰；A项中many修饰可数名词；B项a number of修饰可数名词复数；D项advices错误，故选C。

9．We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.

A．attempts B．requests

C．doubts D．promises

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt 尝试；B. request请求；C.doubts怀疑；D.promises承诺。根据句意故选B。

。

【名师点睛】

本题的关键信息是say yes，根据情理判断，我们会对他人的要求、求助说yes，把四个选项意思弄清楚，就不难选出答案了。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。

10．We can’t make out his ______ of the article because there are too many technical terms in it. A．fiction B．abstract

C．claim D．principle

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：我们不能弄清楚他这篇文章的摘要，因为里面有太多的术语。A. fiction虚构类文学作品；B. abstract摘要；C. claim声称；D. principle原则。由“ article ”可知，abstract“摘要”符合句意。故B选项正确。

11．---Did you see the new movie directed by that famous director? It’s said to be ______great success.

---No, I have been busy preparing all the office______ these days.

A．/; equipments B．the; equipment C．/; equipment D．a; equipment

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查冠词和名词复数。句意：---你看过那位著名导演，导演的新电影了吗?据说非常成功。---没有，这些天我一直在忙着准备所有的办公设备。success为不可数名词，但a success强调是“一件〔个〕成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词。抽象名词一般为不可数名词，如success，progress，pity，surprise等。但是，在一定场合下，某些抽象名词和某些物质名词可以具体化为个体名词，这时它们具有可数名词的功能，这种情况我们称之为抽象名词具体化。现将中学阶段常见的这类名词归纳如下：

一、表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。如：

He has a great interest in English．他对英语显得很感兴趣。

二、表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人或物，这类名词有的已经完全转化为可数名词，词义也有所变化。如：

抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：

抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）

in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事

win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)

分析句子可知，success为不可数名词，但a success强调是“一件〔个〕成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。

12．To be honest, she had a great ______ for the small town where she grew up.

A．effect B．effort

C．affection D．patience

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，她对她长大的那个小镇有很深的感情。A. effect影响；B. effort努力；C. affection深情；D. patience耐心。短语have a great affection for sth. 意为“对某物钟爱，对某物有深挚的感情”。故选C。

13．The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear _____ between what is right and wrong.

A．distance B．distinction C．donation D．defense

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. distance距离；B. distinction 区别，差别；C. donation 捐款；D. defense防卫，防护。句意：受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们区分对错。故选B。

14．Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a story of courage and

_________ .

A．burden B．depression

C．benefit D．sacrifice

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：《拯救大兵瑞恩》是一部令人难忘的反战电影，也是一个关于勇气和牺牲的故事。A. burden负担；B. depression压抑；C. benefit好处，益处；D. sacrifice牺牲；空格处与courage并列，都应该是褒义词，再结合电影情节，故选D项。

15．The child is so full of ______ that he can’t keep quiet.

A．strength B．energy C．power D．force

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：这孩子精力充沛，无法保持安静。A. strength力量；B. energy精力；活力；C. power权利；能力；D. force武力。根据句意故选B。

16．The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A．contribution B．construction

C．coincidence D．composition

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献，捐赠，捐助；construction建造，建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致；composition作文，作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物，因此要用建造中。under construction意为“（正在）修建中”，因此选B。

17．There is a general _____________ among teachers about the need for greater security in schools.

A．commitment B．composition C．calculation D．consensus

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：教师们普遍认为有必要加强学校的安全。A. commitment承诺，保证；B. composition作文；C. calculation计算，估计；D. consensus一致，舆论。根据among teachers about the need for greater security in schools可知，这是普遍的“舆论”。故选D。

18．Determination is a good ________ and that is what it takes to do anything well. A．quality B．standard C．principle D．motto

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：决心是一种好品质，它是做好任何事情所需要的。A. quality

品质；B. standard标准； C. principle原理；D. motto座右铭。决心是一种品质，故A项正确。

19．Actively involve yourself in voluntary work and you will see what a(an) ________ it will make to your future life.

A．influence B．contribution C．difference D．variety

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查固定短语。解题步骤：1.确定各项意思：A. influence影响；B. contribution贡献；

C. difference不同；

D. variety多样化；2.确定答案：固定短语make a difference有影响。句意：积极地参与志愿者的工作，你就会看见它对你未来的生活有多么大的影响。故选C。

20．Most of his works didn’t gain the international ________ they deserved until his death. A．reputation B．impression C．recognition D．measure

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到他去世，他的大部分作品都没有得到应有的国际认可。A. reputation名誉，名声；B. impression印象；C. recognition承认，识别；D. measure测量。结合句意故选C。

21．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.

A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故选A。

22．If you have a good ___________ of English, it is easier for you to find a job there. A．control B．command C．conquer D．request

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你英语说得很好，那么在那儿找工作就更容易了。

A.control控制；

B. command 掌握；

C. conquer征服；

D. request请求。have a good command of 是固定搭配，意为“能驾御…，很会…”，have a good command of English，意为“能自由地

使用英语”，符合句意，故选B。

23．I can’t stay out overnight without my parents’ _______.

A．reputation B．prejudice C．presentation D．approval

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：未经父母的同意，我不能在外过夜。A. reputation声誉；B. prejudice偏见；C. presentation 授予，介绍；D. approval批准，同意。根据句意，填入approval正确。故选D。

24．Have all the VIPs gone on _______ yet? The flight is taking off soon.

A．foot B．board C．duty D．sale

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的VIP都已经登记了吗？飞机马上要起飞了。A. foot脚；

B . board 木板；C. duty义务；D. sale销售。通过后句语境可知飞机马上要起飞了，因此前句使用on board“登机”切题。故选B项。

25．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉父母我的问题时，我肩上的重担减轻了。A. burden负担；B. risk冒险；C. hole洞；D. disaster灾难。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。故选A。

26．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结合句意可知，此处用“说明”符合语境，故选A项。

27．The ______ on his face told me that he was angry.

A．impression B．sight C．appearance D．expression

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。A. impression印象；B. sight视力；C. appearance外观；D. expression表情。根据空后on his face可知，此处指“脸上的表情”。故选D。

28．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ____ from this medicine．

A．relief B．security C．mercy D．protection丹3【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

本题考查名词词义辨析。解题步骤：1.确定各项意思：A. relief缓解；B. security安全；C. mercy仁慈；D. protection保护；2.确定答案：结合后文from this medicine可知是表示“这种药会使他们的头痛得到缓解”。句意：头痛的人会发现这种药会使他们得到缓解。故选A。

29．He moved to the USA in the late 1630s and left a(n) of his reason for his leaving. A．variety B．evidence C．quantity D．account

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. variety 种类； B. evidence证据； C. quantity数量； D. account账户，理由。句意：他在17世纪30年代后期移居美国，并留下了他离开的原因。结合句意可知答案为D。

30．The past 40 years have witnessed different means of ____from bicycle kingdom to auto market.

A．transport B．challenge C．expression D．communication 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：过去的四十年见证了从自行车王国到电动汽车市场的不同形式的交通工具。A. transport 交通工具；B. challenge挑战；C. expression表达，表情；D. communication交流。由于自行车和电动汽车都属于交通工具，所以这句话描写的是不同的交通工具。故选A。

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题10 名词性从句 含答案

专题十名词性从句 1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. A. what B. that C. where D. who 【答案】C 【考点定位】考查宾语从句. 【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词.因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了.正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达. 2.【2015·北京】3 3.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that B. where C. what D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.故选A. 【考点定位】考查名词性从句. 【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当.当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句.一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语的宾语，也可做主语的宾语.根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句. 3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built

2018年高考英语必背单词分类汇总(实用)

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高考英语名词性从句知识点易错题汇编附答案 一、选择题 1．There is a general consensus among teachers _____ children should have a broad understanding of the world. A．where B．whether C．that D．how 2．I know nothing about the young lady _______ she is from Beijing. A．except B．that C．except that D．except for 3．Much to the couple's comfort，their income is now double ________ it was five years ago. A．that B．if C．which D．what 4．His mother did _______ she could ______ the boy. A．what help B．that help C．what to help D．that to help 5．The spokesman noted _______ some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage to admit the truth. A．whether B．that C．which D．what 6．If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s ______ you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful activities. A．when B．why C．where D．how 7．Fanny asked ________ made that odd-looking little cat so popular. A．what was it that B．wat was that C．what it was that D．what that was 8．—Friends are very important for teenagers. —Yes. A friend will be listened to___________a parent or a teacher might not. A．where B．what C．why D．which 9．Social media paints this rosy picture that everyone else 's lives are perfect,but things are seldom_______they seem. A．which B．what C．how D．where 10．—The hillside village remains primitive and unspoiled. —That explains ______ people desire to explore such a remote place. A．how B．where C．when D．why 11．Their ship was blown off course by strong wind, and they arrived in ________is known as Greenland by chance. A．where B．when C．what D．which 12．It is by no means clear the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality. A．what B．how C．whether D．which 13．—How do you find the 5G cell phones? —Oh,quite good.A new function has been developed on this new model_____it has faster data transmission and lower delay A．that B．which C．what D．whether 14．The weather is fine. I’m sure ________ we can go camping this afternoon. A．why B．what C．that D．if 15．Many experts stick to the view ______ teacher development is the key to the education

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名词性从句高考真题解析 考点与例析： 名词性从句主要包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句一、主语从句 （一）that引导的主语从句 这时的that没有任何意义，也不在从句中充当任何成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常情况下不能省略。 【经典考题】________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. (2002上海春招) A．What B．That C．This D．Which 【解析】答案为B。这是含有一个主语从句的句子。因为主语从句句意完整,只缺一个引导词，所以要选that。这句话的意思是“国与国之间的时装差异可以从一个方面反映出其文化的差异”。答案为B。（二）whether引导的主语从句 这时的whether意为“是否”，但不在从句中充当任何成分，位于句首时不能用if替换。 【经典考题】________ (他是否出过国) doesn’t make much difference. (he, abroad) (2007湖北) 【解析】答案为Whether he has been abroad or not。这是whether引导的一个主语从句。

（三）what, who, whose, which, when, where, when, how等疑问词引导的主语从句 这些疑问词引导主语从句时，有自身的含义，并在从句中充当成分。【经典考题】________ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008上海春招) A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That 【解析】答案为A。what引导主语从句，并在从句中作介词about的宾语。 【经典考题】________ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (2007全国卷II) A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which 【解析】答案为A。句意是：在英语学习中最重要的是充分的练习。________ matters most in learning English是一个主语从句，填入的部分在从句中显然是充当主语，且指事情，所以选what。 （四）whatever, whoever（宾格用whomever）, whichever, whenever, wherever等引导的主语从句 这些词引导主语从句时，分别表示“无论什么”，“无论谁”，“无论哪一个”，“无论何时”，“无论哪里”等含义，而且语气较强，并在从句中充当成分。