水生植物在河流健康评价中的应用研究进展
第36卷 第3期
生 态 科 学 36(3): 207-215 2017年5
月 Ecological Science May 2017
收稿日期: 2015-11-20; 修订日期: 2015-12-18
基金项目: 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07201-008) 作者简介: 刘勇丽(1989—), 女, 陕西汉中人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事水生生物方面的研究, E-mail: liuyl1026@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1511853746.html,
*通信作者: 刘录三, 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水生生物多样性、生物监测与评价方面研究, E-mail: liuls@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1511853746.html, 刘勇丽, 刘录三, 汪星, 等. 水生植物在河流健康评价中的应用研究进展[J]. 生态科学, 2017, 36(3): 207-215.
LIU Yongli, LIU Lusan, WANG Xing, et al. Application of aquatic macrophytes in river health assessment: A review[J]. Ecological Science, 2017, 36(3): 207-215.
水生植物在河流健康评价中的应用研究进展
刘勇丽1,2, 刘录三1,2,*, 汪星1,2, 王瑜1,2
1. 中国环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护河口与海岸带环境重点实验室, 北京100012
2. 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
【摘要】水生植物是河流生态系统中的初级生产者,积累了一定时期的水文、物理和化学压力, 不仅具有很好的环境指示作用, 而且能够很好的反映河流生态系统的健康状况。基于水生植物的评价方法有指示物种法、多指标植物指数法和预测模型法。重点阐述了三种评价方法的研究现状, 分析了其特点和适用性; 指出了现有水生植物评价方法所存在的问题, 得出我国今后应该建立水生植物多要素综合评价方法, 根据各评价指标对河流生态系统健康状况的贡献大小, 对指标体系内的指标进行赋权, 进而计算其综合得分; 提出了今后我国利用水生植物评价河流健康状况的措施。
关键词：水生植物; 营养指数; 多指标植物指数; 预测模型; 河流健康
doi:10.14108/https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1511853746.html,ki.1008-8873.2017.03.030 中图分类号：Q178 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008-8873(2017)03-207-09 Application of aquatic macrophytes in river health assessment: a review LIU Yongli 1,2, LIU Lusan 1,2*, WANG Xing 1,2, WANG Yu 1,2
1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment , Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing 100012, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment , Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract: Aquatic macrophytes, accumulated a certain period of hydrological, physical and chemical stresses, is the primary producer in river ecosystems. Aquatic macrophytes not only have a good indicative function of the environment, but also can greatly reflect the status of river ecosystem health. The assessment methods based on aquatic macrophytes consist of indicator indices, multimetric indices and predictive models. This paper mainly introduced the research progress of aquatic macrophytes assessment methods, and analyzed the characteristics and applicabilities of different assessment methods. Furthermore, we pointed out the related existing problems of aquatic macrophytes assessment methods, which indicated that multi-factors comprehensive assessment method should be set up in the future. According to the contribution of assessment index to the river ecosystem health, we can give weighs for the indices, so as to calculate the comprehensive score. Finally, we put forward some suggestions of aquatic plants used for river health assessment in future.
Key words: aquatic macrophytes; trophic status; multimetric plant index; predictive model; river health
1 前言
河流是人类发展的自然资源之一, 能够为人们
提供食物、工农业及生活用水, 还具有调节气候、改善生态环境、维护生物多样性等多种服务功能[1]。河流生态系统在自然界能量流动和物质循环中也发