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英语语法入门 2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(二)
2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(一)英语语法 2009-03-19 09:03:43 阅读8087 评论0 字号:大中小 订阅 成人 英语三级串讲讲义
赵文通

一、时态和语态

1. 如何解答时态问题
例1:You’ve already missed too many classes this term. You ­­­______ just last
week.
A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed
例2:Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D.
why did he left

考试重点:
2. 与完成时有关的时态
★现在完成时 (have done) since, for/ in the past few months, up to now
例1:Collecting toy cars as a hobby becomes increasingly popular during the past
fifty years.
A B C D
例2:English ­­­______ in a new way at my college in the past few years.
A. has been taught B. was being taught
C. has been taught D. had been taught.
★过去完成时 (had done)
例3:Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D.
why did he left
例4:The chemistry class_____ for five minutes when we hurried there.
A. had been on B. had begun C. has been on
D. would began
★将来完成时 (will have done) by
例5:We’re late I expect the film_____ by the time we get to the cinema.
A. had already started B. have already
C. will already have started D. have already been started.

★现在完成进行时 (have been doing)
例6:It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the
machine apart to put it right.
A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been
leaking
★过去完成进行时 (had been doing)

★ 将来完成进行时(will have been doing )
例7:By the time you arrive this evening, _______for two hours.
A. I will study B. I will have been studied
C. I had studied D. I will have been studying.
3. 在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态
▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时
例1:When the mixture_____, it will give off a powerful force.
A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heated D.
has heated
例2:please be sure to telephone me the next time you ______.
A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come
▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时
例3:Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_______ military service.
A. will finish B. has finished C. finish D. would
finish
注意:
例4:No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or
she______ them.
A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have
tried
4. 考试小窍门
◆考试中如果遇到与完成时态相关的选项,要重点加以研读,一般说来是正确答案。


二、情态动词

1. 几个情态动词的否定式的含义
can’t
may not
mustn’t
need’t
2. 表示推测的几个情态动词用法
★must表示肯定的推测,意思是“一定”
+do 对现在情况的推测
must
+have done 对过去情况的推测

例1:I ________ asleep in the corner, for I remember nothing of what happened
during the night.
A. might fall B. must fall C. must have fallen D.
can have fallen

★ can’t/could’t表示否定的推测,意思是“不可能”
+do 对现在情况的推测
can’t/couldn’t
+have done 对过去情况的推测

★ may/might not表示可能性很小的推测,意思是“也许…”
+do 对现在情况的推测
may/might
+have done 对过去情况的推测
3. 情态动词的完成时虚拟语气的用法

needn’t have done
should have done
should not have done
ought to have done
could have done

4. 考试小窍门
在遇到情态动词加完成时和情态动词加原形同时出现的情况下,一般说来情态动词加完成时是正确答案。
× Must do
√ Must have done
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