(英语)中考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(及答案)含解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Many Chinese mothers are afraid that their children will fall behind their classmates, so these mothers are becoming "tiger mothers". They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. Is it true? Lulu and her sister Sophia may have a say.

Lulu and Sophia have a "tiger mother". She pushed them a lot when they were young. For example, they were not allowed to get grades lower than A's. They had to practice the piano or violin for several hours a day. There were no games or TV.

The tiger mother, Amy, is a Chinese-American professor at Yale Law School in the USA. Several years ago, she wrote a book named Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and shared her strict parenting style （育儿方式） in it.

Many people don't like Amy's style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother. Sophia has just graduated from Yale University. She is hard-working, friendly and helpful. Not long ago, she shared some useful studying tips online. Lulu is also a warm, smart and popular girl her friends eyes. She said tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out.

Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style. In fact, there isn't a parenting style that fits everyone. What's the best parenting style for you? Maybe you should work it out together with your parents.

（1）According to the passage, "tiger mothers" ________.

A. don't mind their children falling behind their classmates

B. don't care about their children's feelings when they grow up

C. believe pushing their children hard can help them succeed

D. believe the more happily the kids study, the harder their life will be

（2）What can we know about Amy?

A. She is teaching in China.

B. She loves playing the violin.

C. She is the mother of the two girls.

D. She is liked by many people.

（3）In Lulu and Sophia's opinion, their mother is ________.

A. great

B. worried

C. humorous

D. hateful

（4）What can we infer （推断） from the passage?

A. You can find tiger mothers only in China.

B. Lulu graduated from Yale University, too.

C. Sophia is not a popular girl in her friends' eyes.

D. Different children need different parenting styles

（5）Which of the following is probably the title?

A. Lulu and Sophia

B. Do you want a tiger mother?

C. Chinese Mothers

D. How can you become a tiger mother?

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了严格的育儿方式——母老虎似的育儿方式及不同的孩子需要不

同的育儿方式。

（1）细节题。根据They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have

in the future.可知他们认为催促孩子们努力学习可以帮助他们成功，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother.可知Amy是两个女孩的妈妈，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother.可知两

个女孩感谢妈妈，认为妈妈是伟大的，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style.可知不是每个

人都同意这种严格的育儿方式，即不同的孩子需要不同的育儿方式，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了严格的育儿方式——母老虎似的育儿方式及不同的孩

子需要不同的育儿方式，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答

案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解

Many people might think that if they had more money, then they would be happier in life. For example, people might look at what others have, like expensive clothes or nice cars, and wish they could have the same. But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person

for long.

① But is that really true? Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. ② Instead, it's giving money to others that makes people happy, ③ It could be buying a homeless person food to eat. ④ It could be giving money to a person in need. Just think about the last time you used your own money to do something for someone else. How did

you feel? Whether it is a small or large amount of money. People feel happier when they give. This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.

This idea of connecting your happiness to the happiness of others is described as a ubuntu in

an African language. There is even a story about a man visiting Africa who asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. My first child to touch the tree would get a sweet treat. Surprising, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. My children simply said they could only enjoy eating the treat if everyone had one.

（1）The writer says that buying things____________.

A. can make people worried

B. can make people nervous

C. may lead to sadness for long

D. may lead to happiness for a short time

（2）Where can we best put "But it is not having money that brings happiness." in paragraph 2?

A. ①

B. ②

C. ③

D. ④（3）Why does the writer quote（引用） a story in paragraph 3?

A. To explain Africans like sweets.

B. To show examples are not enough.

C. To make the writer's opinion clearer.

D. To express happiness is from children.

（4）What does the writer try to tell us?

A. Buying new things can make people happy.

B. The key to happiness is making others happy.

C. If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.

D. People who have a lot of money might not be happy.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了金钱的作用和如何运用要金钱。

（1）细节题。根据 But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long.但是金钱可以买到的东西不会给一个人带来长久的快乐，可知可能会带来短暂的快乐，故选D。

（2）推理题。根据 Instead, it's giving money to others that makes people happy 相反，是把钱给别人让人们快乐，可知但是带来幸福的不是钱可以放在第二处，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据第三段描述，可知引用故事是使作者的观点更清楚，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too 这是因为让别人快乐也会让给予者快乐可知，作者试图告诉我们快乐的关键是让别人快乐，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

Most people are afraid of sharks, but they usually do not know very much about them. For example, there are 350types of sharks, and all of them are meat esters. Some sharks are very big. The whale shark is 50 to 60 foot long. But some sharks are very small. The dwarf（侏儒）shark is only 6 inches（英寸）long. Sharks are 100 million years old. In fact, they lived at the same time as dinosaurs. Today, sharks live in every ocean on the earth, but most sharks live in warm water. They keep the oceans clean because they eat sick fish and animals. Most sharks have four to six rows of teeth. When a shark's tooth falls out, another tooth moves in from behind. Sharks do not have ears. However, they "hear" sounds and movements in the water. Any sound or movement makes the water vibrate. This helps sharks find food. Sharks use their large eyes to find food, too. Most sharks see best in low light. They often hunt for food at dawn （黄昏）, in the evening, or in the middle of the night. Scientists want to learn more about sharks for several reasons. For example, cancer （癌症） is common in many animals, including people. However, it is rare （罕

见的）in sharks. Scientists want to find out why sharks almost never get cancer. Maybe this information can help people prevent cancer, too.

（1）According to the text, most sharks live______.

A. in very deep water

B. in warm water

C. near the surface of the ocean

D. in cold water

（2）Sharks keep the oceans clean because they______.

A. do well in cleaning water

B. eat sick fish and animals

C. can get cancer like human

D. can produce a kind of chemical

（3）What does the underlined （划线的） word "vibrate" mean in Chinese?

A. 振动

B. 停止

C. 变清澈

D. 变浑浊（4）According to the text, we know _____.

A. the whale shark is 50 to 60 feet long

B. the dwarf shark is only 6 feet long

C. sharks and dinosaurs lived in different times

D. sharks only use large eyes to find food

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于鲨鱼的一些介绍。

（1）细节题。根据but most sharks live in warm water.可知大部分鲨鱼生活在温水中，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据They keep the oceans clean because they eat sick fish and animals.可知它们保持海洋清洁，因为它们吃生病的鱼和动物。故选B。

（3）细节题。根据they "hear" sounds and movements in the water.可知它们听到水声和水的运动，声音和运动让水振动，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据The whale shark is 50 to 60 foot long.鲸鲨有50到60英尺长，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

Bill was a boy of 15. His parents went gambling （赌博） all day and all night. Nobody cared about him. He couldn't pass the exams. So his teachers didn't like him, neither did his classmates play with him.

Bill often slept in class because his heart was not in school. He almost gave himself up.

One day, Miss Jones, a new teacher, came to Bill's class. She was a loving and beautiful woman. Bill was in love! For the first time in his young life, he couldn't take his eyes off his teacher.

It was Miss Jones' class. She was asking a question. "I'd like the smartest boy to answer my question." Then she said loudly, "Bill, please!"

Bill was surprised. And he stood up without a word.

"Just try it! I believe you can!"

After school, Miss Jones had a long talk with Bill. She told him that she cared about him and believed in him.

Bill thought a lot that evening. From then on he arrived at school on time every day. Miss Jones helped him with his homework in the afternoon. She even cooked delicious food for him. She told Bill, "Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it."

Later, Miss Jones gave them another exam. Bill did it with all his heart. He was very amazed to

find that he had passed the exam. Now Bill discovered that not only could he learn, but also he could do it well. A change took place in Bill's heart.

You see that one teacher saved one boy. It's really simple.

（1）Bill couldn't pass the exams at first because he _________.

A. went gambling

B. talked in class

C. didn't answer questions

D. gave himself up

（2）Miss Jones had a long talk with Bill and told him that she ________ him and believed in him.

A. heard about

B. talked about

C. cared about

D. argued about

（3）Miss Jones changed Bill by ________.

A. doing homework for him

B. encouraging and helping him

C. giving Bill some books

D. taking him to restaurants

（4）From the passage we can learn that _________.

A. Miss Jones was a loving and careful teacher

B. Bill's parents cared about him very much

C. Miss Jones loved to answer Bill's questions

D. Bill didn't like to play with his classmates

（5）Which may be the best title for the passage?

A. Parents' Love

B. A Lazy Boy

C. A Boy's Change

D. A Strict Teacher

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了新老师Miss Jones是怎样改变Bill的。

（1）细节题。根据Bill often slept in class because his heart was not in school. He almost gave himself up.可知比尔经常在课堂上睡觉，因为他的心不在学校。他几乎放弃了自己，所以考

试不及格，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据she cared about him and believed in him.可知老师关心并且相信比尔，

故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Miss Jones helped him with his homework in the afternoon. She even cooked delicious food for him. She told Bill, "Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it."

琼斯老师下午帮他做作业。她甚至为他做了美味的食物。她对比尔说：“只要你用心去做，

没有什么是不可能的。”可知老师通过帮助和鼓励比尔，改变了比尔，故选B。

（4）推断题。根据全文可知琼斯老师用爱心和认真的态度改变了比尔，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了新老师Miss Jones是怎样改变Bill的。即Bill的变

化。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了

解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In the state of Qin（秦国）, there was a man called Shang Yang（商鞅）. He was a statesman （政治家） and worked out many reforms（改革） for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards （报酬） to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out （执行） at first. Most people didn't trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up wiIh an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.

Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, "The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces."

It was a sample job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke.

Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, "The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces."

This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.

After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him.

Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. Al last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire （帝国）.

（1）What did Shang Yang do?

A. A statesman.

B. A king.

C. An emperor.

D. A soldier.（2）In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have?

A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition.

B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition

C. The man stepping forward first would be praised.

D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces.

（3）Why did Shang Yang's reward increase at last?

A. Because a man stepped forward.

B. Because there wasn't enough time.

C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer.

D. Because Shang Yang was happy.

（4）"They believed he was a man of his word." What does the underlined part mean? A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot.

C. A man who keeps his word.

D. A man of few words.

（5）After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China?

A. Shang Yang became the first emperor.

B. The first empire of China appeared.

C. The south gate fell down.

D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了商鞅是怎样让其他人支持他改革的。

（1）细节题。根据He was a statesman （政治家）可知商鞅是个政治家，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, "The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces."可知商鞅在南大门放了杆子，拿着这个杆子的人从南大门到北大门的人将得到一些金币，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, "The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces." 听到没有回应，商鞅增加报酬，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.可知商鞅真给那个人50个金币，所以商鞅是个守信的人，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Qin made all the seven states into one empire （帝国）.可知秦国成了第一大帝国，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

A

If we laid all of the blood vessels （血管）in the human body end to end, they would reach about 100,000km long. That's nearly two and a half times around Earth!B

For the first time, Coca-Cola has showed that it uses 3,000,000 tons of plastic bottles each year. That's the weight of 15,000 blue whales-the largest animal on Earth.

C

If your throat tickles （发痒）, pressing your ear might make it go away. That's because your throat and ears share the same group of nerves （神经）. When you press your ear, the nerves in your throat can feel it.

D

It takes about 7 to 8 trees to make enough O2 for one person to breathe for a E

To young children, a year might seem to last forever. But older people might say that it flies by. Why is that? According to the US F

About 200 muscles （肌肉）work together when you

year. Each person needs

around 750kg of O2per

year. A large tree might

make around 100kg of O2

per year.

scientists, young people's brains deal with

information faster than older people. They

take in more information and do more

things in a day. So they feel like each day

lasts longer. However, older people's

brains take in less information and see a

day pass more quickly.

take a step. That's a

lot of work for your

muscles, since many

people take about

10,000 steps a day. If

you want to get some

easy exercise,

walking is good for

you.

Which of the following is right?

A. ①-AB; ②-CDEF

B. ①-BDF; ②-ACE

C. ①-BD; ②-ACEF

（2）What's the best title for all the six passages?

A. Surprising Word

B. Amazing Facts

C. Unbelievable Figures

（3）Why does the editor present renders the six passages?

A. To help readers know more about human body and environmental protection

B. To ask readers to protect the environment and take more exercise.

C. To tell readers to have unhealthy drink and plant more trees.

（4）Which of the following questions is answered in the passage?

A. Why do kids and older people feel a year differently?

B. Why could a large tree produce about 100kg of O2 per year?

C. How do our 200 muscles work together when we take a step?

（5）Which of the following leads to the figure "30,000"?

A. The amount of muscles working together by taking 150 steps.

B. The length of vessels in 3 human bodies joining together.

C. The weight of O2 for 40 persons to breathe n year.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了6个令人惊讶的关于人类和环境及人类身体的事实信息。（1）细节题。根据A中vessels血管，C中throat喉咙，E中brains大脑，F中muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，故选C。

（2）细节题。A.令人惊讶的单词；B.令人惊讶的事实；C.难以置信的数字。根据全文可知

主要讲了事实，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据A中vessels血管，C中throat喉咙，E中brains大脑，F中muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，即帮助读者了解人类身体和环境保护，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据To young children, a year might seem to last forever. But older people might say that it flies by. Why is that? According to the US scientists, young people's brains deal with information faster than older people. They take in more information and do more things in a day. So they feel like each day lasts longer.可知解释了为什么老人和年轻人对一年的感觉是不一样的，原因是年轻人大脑处理信息比老人处理信息更快，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据Each person needs around 750kg of O2 per year.可知每人一年需要750千克的氧气，所以40人一年呼吸的氧气是30,000千克，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

Clark and Dale were staying in the same room in hospital. Clark was so sick that he could not even move his body. He had to spend all his time lying on his back. Dale could sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon. His bed was next to the room's only window.

Over time, Clark and Dale became good friends. Every afternoon, Dale would look out of the room's only window, describing the scenery outside for his friend. He told Clark about the flowers in a park outside the window, the people walking by, the green trees beside the roads—anything that might interest a man.

On morning, when a nurse came only to check the two men, she found that Dale had died in his sleep. As soon as the room seemed tidy again. Clark asked if he could move to the bed next to the window so that he could look out of the window himself. The nurse agreed. Slowly, he could take his first look at the world outside. To his surprise, he could see nothing but a blank wall of another building.

The nurse explained that Dale had been blind. He had never seen anything outside the window at all—but he described beautiful scenes to help his friend better.

（1）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Clark was too sick to move his body.

B. Although Clark was thick, he was asked to move his body.

C. Clark was sick, so he didn't want to move his body.

D. Although Clark was sick, he could move his body.

（2）Who described the scenery outside for Clark?

A. The doctor.

B. The nurse

C. His family.

D. His friend Dale.（3）Clark wanted to move to the bed next to the window because ____________.

A. he missed his friend very much

B. the bed there was tidier than his

C. he wanted to looks at the world outside

D. he felt worse and worse

（4）What did Clark find when he took his first look at the world outside?

A. The flower in a park.

B. The green trees beside roads.

C. The people walking by.

D. A blank wall of another building.

（5）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Dale was blind.

B. Dale died in his sleep.

C. Dale tried to help his friend feel better.

D. The nurse didn't know that Dale was blind.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Clark和Dale住在同一家医院的同一间病房，仅仅Dale靠着窗户，Dale是失明的，但是Clark不知道，Dale每天给好友Clark讲述着窗外的美景，一天早上Dale死去，Clark要求靠近窗户，结果发现窗外是一面墙，护士和Clark解释了所有。（1）细节题。根据so+形容词或者副词+that+句子，意思是如此......以至于……，sick意思是生病的，病重的，句意是Clark是如此病重以至于他甚至不能移动他的身体。故选A。（2）细节题。根据Every afternoon, Dale would look out of the room's only window, describing the scenery outside for his friend.可知Dale为Clark描述窗外所见，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Clark asked if he could move to the bed next to the window so that he could look out of the window himself.可知Clark想自己看看窗外，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据To his surprise, he could see nothing but a blank wall of another building.可知Clark一张墙，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据The nurse explained that Dale had been blind.可知护士检查后发现Dale 是瞎的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to be, began as a sweet one that later sourced. Two sisters, Mildred Hill, a teacher at the Louisville, Kentucky Experimental Kindergarten, and Dr. Patty Hill, the headmaster of the same school, together wrote a song for the children, called Good Morning to All. As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist（风琴师）for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.

The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.Thirty-one years later, after Dr. Patty Hill became the head of the Department of Kindergarten Education at Columbia University's Teacher College, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song, without the sisters'permission. What was worse, he

added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.

Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared. Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song, had altogether replaced the sisters' original title Good Morning to All.

After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court（法庭）, they proved that they, indeed, owned the melody（曲调）. The court finally decided that the family legally（合法地）owns the song, whenever it is sung for commercial purposes（商业目的）.

（1）The underlined words "that later sourced" in the first paragraph means .

A. the song later had an unhappy story

B. the song was later used for commercial purposes

C. the words of the song were totally changed by others

D. the song didn't become popular after years of its birth

（2）What made the song Good Morning to All a success?

A. Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse.

B. Mildred's passion and Patty's years of hard work.

C. Mildred and Patty's love and patience for children.

D. Mildred's musical talents and Patty's educational experiences.

（3）Which is the right order of the following events?

a. Good Morning to All was published.

b. Mr. Coleman was taken to court.

c. A second verse was added to Good Morning to All.

d. Happy Birthday to You became very popular.

e. Mr. Coleman published the song.

A. adceb

B. aecdb

C. acedb

D. acebd

（4）What is the passage mainly about?

A. The addition of a famous song.

B. The origin of a famous song.

C. The life of Mr. Coleman.

D. The life of the Hill sisters.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意： Happy Birthday to You 这首歌的由来。

（1）词义推断题。根据文中的语句The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to be, began as a sweet one that later sourced.可知，一开始是件令人愉快的事，到后来就变了味，令人很扫兴。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist （风琴师） for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.可知，米尔德里德将她的音乐天赋与她姐姐在幼儿园教育领域的知识结合起来，使Good Morning to All

这首歌变得非常成功，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。根据The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.可知，第一是a；根据语句 What was worse, he added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.可知，第二个是c；根据a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song可知，第三个是e；根据文中的语句Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared.可知，第四个是d；根据文中的语句After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court可知，第五个是B，因此顺序为acedb，故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知，此文主要介绍了Happy Birthday to You的由来，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

9．阅读理解

Fiona likes to listen to music. She likes to listen to classical music. Now she is listening to Beethoven's Symphony（交响曲） No. 5. The music is about fate knocking on the door. Fate is the unseen power of life. Fate changes our lives. Fate designs our lives. Fiona likes this music. She feels the power of music.

Suddenly, somebody knocks on her door. She goes to the door and opens it. There is a man at the door. The man is old. He has grey hair and a grey beard （胡须）. She doesn't know who the person is. The man says he is her father. She closes the door in front of the man. She stays at the door and thinks. She has a father. But he is dead. She doesn't know the man at the door. She doesn't understand why he says he is her father. She wants to call the police. Just then she can see a photo under the door. The man is giving her a photo. She looks at the photo. She can see herself with a man she doesn't know. It is her because she took many photos when she was a young girl. Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.

She opens the door. She asks the man whether he is lying or not. The man tells her he is telling the truth. She invites him for a cup of coffee. They sit down and drink coffee. They start talking about life. He tells her everything that he knows. She listens. Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. They are listening to Beethoven. This time it is not fate, but her father who is knocking on the door.

（1）What kind of music does Fiona like?

A. Folk music.

B. Pop music.

C. Rock and roll.

D. Classical music.

（2）Why does Fiona open the door again?

A. Because the man gives her a photo of her and her father.

B. Because she realizes the man standing outside is her father.

C. Because she wants to know whether the man is her father.

D. Because she wants to listen to the man's stories.

（3）How does Fiona feel during the talk with the man?

A. Surprised.

B. Sad.

C. Happy.

D. A, B&C

（4）Where can you find this passage?

A. In a music book.

B. In a storybook.

C. In a sports book.

D. In a science book.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述主人公菲奥娜在听贝多芬的第五首歌的时候，她听到门外有敲门声，她打开门却意外地有人叫她为女儿，她感到很吃惊，爸爸明明已故，但是此时的这个所谓“爸爸”的男人又似曾相识，打开门后两人谈了许多往事，往事让菲奥娜有时吃惊，有时哭泣，有时微笑，最后他们一起听贝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相认。

（1）细节题。根据She likes to listen to classical music.可知，她喜欢听古典音乐，故选D。（2）细节题。根据Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.可知，因为她想知道是否这个男人是她爸爸，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs.可知，她有时开心有时伤心有时吃惊，故选D。

（4）推断题。本文讲述菲奥娜和父亲相认的故事，可知这篇文章应来自故事书，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读理解

Stonehenge means "hanging stones". They stood in a circle, with 30 more stones lying on top to form a ring of rocks. There was also an inner circle built with similar stones. The stones set up in a trilithon（巨石牌坊） pattern.

A trilithon is made of two stone pillars with a stab of rock laid across the top. The stones weigh up to 20 tons each. People wonder how the huge rocks were placed that way.

Historians agree that Stonehenge was built in three different stages. The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角）of red deer. The earth wall was about 98m in diameter（直径） a 5-meter-tall stone was placed near the center. Then, they had to transport the large blue stones （up to 4 tons） 384 kilometers to Stonehenge. Experts think they might be moved across ice and snow. The ground in winter in this area is usually full of ice and snow, making it easier to move the rocks. The next task was to stand the stones up. The most difficult task was putting the top stones in place. Each one of these tasks took a lot of planning and a lot of strength, but the workers of Stonehenge were excellent builders.

Why was the monument built? Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain （dated to 2470 BC）. Others think Stonehenge was built by early astronomers. Scientists believe that when a person stands in the center of the monument, the changing of seasons can be seen. Certain stones mark the location of the rising and setting moon

in midwinter. Other stones mark the rising and setting sun in midsummer. The ancient people

held religious ceremonies on these days. These ceremonies probably asked the gods to bring

good weather for crops and to protect the people from bad weather.

Stonehenge is an engineering success. Thousands of years later, it still stands. As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate. It shows that early people had a deep understanding of the movements to the sun and the moon. They didn't have machines or computers, but Stonehenge shows people could do many things using only their muscles and their brains.

（1）he first building stage of Stonehenge was ________.

A. to dig and cut the earth wall

B. to move the blue stones across the ice

C. to stand the stones up

D. to put the top stones in place

（2）Which evidence（证据） is given to support the idea that Stonehenge was a burial ground?

A. Stonehenge was made of stones.

B. It is a place for celebrating ceremonies.

C. The passing of seasons can be seen there.

D. Two gold earrings were found in a grave.

（3）The underlined word "accurate" in the last paragraph probably means "________".

A. correct

B. strange

C. huge

D. heavy

（4）Stonehenge was probably NOT originally built for ________.

A. tourists

B. religious reasons

C. a burial ground

D. telling the seasons

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了巨石阵的形状，发展以及历史意义。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角） of red deer. 提示可知，巨石阵的第一个阶段是造图墙，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain提示可知，有人认为这是一个墓地。附近有400多座坟墓。一名男子

被埋时带着两个金耳环，这是英国有史以来发现的最古老的黄金。故选D。

（3）词义理解推测题。根据文中语句As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate.提示可知，accurate的含义是正确的，故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知，建立巨石阵的原因有宗教，历法以及墓地等方面

的原因，但是与旅游没有很多的联系，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题

的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

11．根据短文内容判断正误。

If someone says to you: "give me five", do not search your pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person's not asking for your money, but your fingers.

In the US, "give me five" or "give me the high five" is a popular gesture （动作）. You can see it often in films or on TV It means the clapping （拍） of each other's raised right hands together. People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket （彩票）. If a football team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.

This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect. This also showed that the person raising his am did not have a sword （刀） in his hand.

Why not try to give the high five to your friends?

（1）"Give me five" is a gesture to ask for money.

（2）The gesture "give me five" is the clapping of hands.

（3）When you get good grades in your exam，you give your friends high fives.

（4）The gesture started in America according to the story.

（5）The Romans raised the right arm without a sword in his hand for the emperor to show their respect to the emperor.

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了受欢迎的手势"give me five" or "give me the high five" 。

（1）细节题。根据If someone says to you: "give me five", do not search your pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person's not asking for your money, but your fingers.可知"give me five"不是要钱的手势，而是要手指，故选错误。

（2）细节题。根据It means the clapping （拍） of each other's raised right hands together.可知意思是互相举起右手拍手，故选正确。

（3）细节题。根据People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket （彩票）.可知当人们第一次见面或者发生了一些快乐的事情时，他们就会这么做，例如，一个学生考试成绩好或中了彩票。故选正确。

（4）细节题。根据This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect.可知这个手势可能来自古罗马的举右臂表示尊敬的手势。故选错误。

（5）细节题。根据This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect. This also showed that the person raising his am did not have a sword （刀）in his hand.可知这个手势可能来自古罗马的举右臂表示尊敬的手势这也表明，举起手臂的人手里没有剑。故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

12．阅读理解

The Greens got a rather unhappy surprise when they tried to fly from Cardiff to Lanzarote last weekend. Because of a had mistake at the airline check-in desk, the Greens got on the wrong flight（航班） and ended up in Ankara. So how did the mix-up happen？

It was five o' clock on Sunday morning when Charlie and Kate Green arrived at Cardiff airport with their nine-year-old daughter Tina. They checked in properly for their fight to Lanzarote, but the check-in attendant（服务员）made a mistake with their boarding passes and also sent them to the wrong boarding gate. Unluckily, it was so curly and the Greens were feeling so tired that they didn't notice any thing wrong. What was worse, there weren't any announcements in the boarding gate area.

When the Greens finally got on the plane, Charlie and Kate Green fell asleep at once, though there were interesting films, magazines, newspapers and music for them to choose to spend the boring time. Little Tina took out a history book about Rome and read. Two hours later, she fell asleep too. They didn't wake up until six hours later, when the plane was landing. Suddenly, the flight attendant said. "Welcome to Ankara!" The Greens couldn't believe it and little Tina was quite unhappy, The family had to get off the plane and then pay 10 for a tourist visa（签证）. In the end, they decided to get back home, living at 5:00 p.m. on the same day.

（1）Where did the Greens plan to spend their weekend？

A. In Cardiff.

B. In Lanzarote.

C. In Rome.

D. In Ankara.

（2）What did little Tina do first on the plane？

A. She saw a film.

B. She went to sleep.

C. She listened to music.

D. She read a history book.

（3）How did the Greens feel when they arrived in Ankara？

A. Bored.

B. Excited.

C. Interested.

D. Surprised.

（4）What's the best title for the text？

A. What a Wrong I.

B. A Trip to Ankara.

C. The Greens' Trip.

D. How long a Trip.【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍格林一家上周末试图飞往兰萨罗特时，由于在航空公司登记处出了一个错误，他们上错了航班，最后在安卡拉降落的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一句The Greens got a rather unhappy surprise when they tried to fly from Cardiff to Lanzarote last weekend. 上周末，格林一家试图从加的夫飞往兰扎罗特时，他们得到了一个相当不愉快的惊喜。可知，他们去"兰扎罗特"，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Little Tina took out a history book about Rome and read. 小

蒂娜拿出一本关于罗马的历史书读了起来。可知，她读一本历史书，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中The Greens couldn't believe it，格林一家简直不敢相信。可知，他们感觉很"吃惊"，故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述格林一家上周末试图飞往兰萨罗特时，由于在航空公司登记处出了一个错误，他们上错了航班，最后在安卡拉降落，故安卡拉之旅符合标题，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

"I am a selfish child.

I hope the sunshine lies only upon me, so I can feel its warmth.

I am a selfish child.

I hope there is a corner of the world that can comfortable for me when I am sad,

I am a selfish child.

I hope my mom belongs only to me, so I can enjoy the sweetness of love. "

This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountains town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5. Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.

Kang said, "Compared with students in the city, perhaps students in the countryside need a way to express their feelings and be heard more." Supported by the headmaster and other teachers, the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.

As the classes grew in popularity, Kang became the school's favourite teacher. After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned m Beijing and planned to study abroad.

However, on Teachers' Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and Letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.

"Now, I go to several places every week I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money, but the happiness and satisfaction I feel is rewarding enough." Kang said.

（1）What's the poem about at the beginning of the passage?

A. A world which is full or love.

B. A mother who misses her child.

C. A child who is in need of mother's love.

D. A child who can feel the sun's warmth.

（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "abandon"?

A. work out

B. carry out

C. give up

D. make up

（3）Which of the Following information is TRUE according m the passage?

A. Kang ever worked at a school named Enlighten our Future.

B. The school held eight poetry classes for students every term.

C. Kang said she was doing a well-paid job and had some vacations.

D. Before Kang set up the charity, she taught in Yunnan for about two years.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：康玉毕业于中国人们大学，毕业后去了云南的一个小镇在那里当一个中学老师，她觉得和城市的孩子相比，他们更需要一种方式来表达自己的情感。让更多的人倾听他们的心声。于是她在这所学校里每年给孩子们上八节诗歌课。为了这些孩子她放弃了出国学习的计划。她成立了一个叫“点亮未来”的公益组织，教给孩子们如何写诗。

（1）细节理解题。根据This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountains town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.可知这首诗表达了女孩对母亲的思念和渴望得到母爱。故选C。

（2）词意猜测题。根据Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.可知她放弃了出国计划。work out算出；carry out实行；give up放弃；make up组成，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.和After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned m Beijing and planned to study abroad.和However, on Teachers' Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and Letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that

reaches students in the countryside how to write poems. 2015年毕业后她来到这个学校，2017年7月回到北京，2017年教师节收到孩子们来信，她放弃出国机会成立公益组织，可知在成立公益组织前她在云南教学两年，故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这个阅读理解涉及细节理解，词意猜测和推理判断题。对于细节理解题，可直接词文章中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题根据上下文的联系确定单词在文章中的意思，对于推理判断题，要仔细阅读短文，根据短文的细节推理判断问题的正确答案。

14．阅读理解

"Without music, life would be a mistake, "famous German philosopher（哲学家）Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets（预算）.

For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That's partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn't tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial（有益的）in many ways.

When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth K. Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode（解码）them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time.

Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music：Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.

（1）Some schools in the US cut music classes, because ____.

A. they were too difficult to learn

B. students in the US weren't interested in music

C. the schools wanted to control budgets

D. there weren't enough music teachers in the US （2）In Paragraph 2, what does the underlined word "them" refer to（指代）?

A. Students in Chicago.

B. Public schools.

C. Parents in Chicago.

D. Fired teachers.（3）How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.

（4）What's the writer's opinion according to this passage?

A. Music is as simple as it looks.

B. Music classes should be cut in some schools.

C. Music is a big part of our lives.

D. Music isn't a very important life skill for us.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了很多地区削减了音乐课以控制预算，这是不合适的，因为音乐在许多方面都是有益的。

（1）细节题。根据some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets可知美国的一些学校停课，因为学校想控制预算，故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000 teachers...10 percent of the teachers taught art or music 芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000多名教师……10%的教师教授艺术或音乐，可知them指代被解雇的教师，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in

playing the piano 爱因斯坦拉小提琴，德国物理学家马克斯·普朗克擅长弹钢琴可知文章提到了2名擅长演奏音乐的科学家，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据 Music has a special connection with science as well 音乐也与科学有着特殊的联系可知作者的观点是音乐是我们生活的一大部分，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

15．阅读理解

Each year on Feb 21, UNESCO （联合国教科文组织）holds an International Mother Language Day （IMLD）. The event is to help people to pay attention to the disappearance of the world's languages; many of them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact.

What happens when a language dies out? Something great is lost-not just sounds and marks but the way that people understand the world and communicate with each other. We keep different cultures and traditions through languages. Kill a language and all these are killed too.

Through IMLD, more and more people come to realize he terrible situation and try to stop it.

Google's 2018 Endangered （濒临灭绝的）Languages Project is a good example. Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload （上传） texts, audios and videos to the project website. They want to introduce the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world.

The Myaamia Project is the same kind of effort to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes （部落） of the United States. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which died out in the 1960s.

These activities give life to those endangered languages. People who work to keep Languages alive are not limited to the past. Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They "spread the word" to save the world.

So, while the problem of disappearing languages remains a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling of our mother language. This is why we should remember the wise words of late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela: "If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language，that goes to his heart."

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