第一、二讲Vocabulary & Structure 词汇与语法结构2011
Vocabulary
1. Fill in the blanks with most appropriate word
1) This problem is too complicated. Let’s leave it _____ for the moment.
A. on
B. behind
C. aside
D. off
2) She gave brief account of what happened .But she left _____ quite a lot of important details.
A. out
B. behind
C. aside
D. off
3) In another twenty years we’ll leave them far _____ in computer software.
A. out
B. behind
C. aside
D. off
4) The court has promised to look _____ this case about money laundering.
A. at
B. after
C. up
D. into
5) Things are looking _____ in this area. The economy has jumped back to an increase of 5% annually.
A. ahead
B. up
C. forward
D. out
6) Traditionally women were looked _____ _____ in society.
A. on down
B. down against
C. down below
D. down upon
7) At that time, many young people looked _____ him as their perfect model.
A. after
B. to
C. in
D. upon
8) She felt ashamed that she had made such a mess. But this time she set _____ work _____ a will.
A. to, with
B. to, at
C. out, with
D. aside, in
9) _____ this day, these experiences are still _____ great value.
A. to, with
B. to, of
C. on, in
D. until, at
10) More than a hundred policemen were sent _____ _____ search of the bank robbers.
A. out, for
B. off, to
C. out, in
D. away, on
11) It was not the best result, but he was quite content _____ the improvement. So _____ great relief, he went to sleep.
A. with, with
B. with, on
C. of, with
D. of, on
12) In spite of the women’s liberation movement, people are still not yet completely free _____ prejudice _____ women.
A. for, against
B. from, for
C. from, against
D. in, towards
13) It was a tragic love story relating _____ a young couple who rebelled _____ the
traditional arranged marriage.
A. with, to
B. to, at
C. with, against
D. to, against
14) Modern educational theories require teachers to interact _____ students. They should model _____ their students of course. But they should also learn from the people they teach.
A. with, for
B. with, after
C. on, after
D. on, for
15) It suddenly dawned _____ me that there was another thing that contributed _____ their economic success.
A. to, to
B. on, to
C. on, for
D. to, for
16) Historians have reacted very warmly _____ psychologists’recent discoveries. They agree that these discoveries have helped us to look at human history _____ a new light.
A. against, with
B. against, in
C. to, with
D. to, in
17) They are still dependent _____ imports for more than 90% of their oil needs. It is impossible for their country to be completely independent _____ other countries.
A. on, from
B. on, on
C. from, from
D. from, on
18) Many people rebelled _____ their government’s war policy in Vietnam. It was equal _____ a civil war.
A. to, to
B. against, as
C. at, to
D. against, to
2.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word
1)Has he gone _____ his mind? Why didn’t he go _____ the contract more
carefully before he signed it?
A. out, over
B. off, over
C. out of, through
D. out of, over
2) There’s something mysterious going _____ in our economy. People’s income keeps
going _____. But the market is not responding.
A. on, up
B. on, down
C. along, forward
D. along, up
3) I don’t pretend to know very much about physics. So I won’t go _____ the
scientific theory.
A. into
B. to
C. for
D. in
4) In a state of crisis, it is usually the weak that goes _____; it goes _____ nations as
well as individuals.
A. down, for
B. under, to
C. out, for
D. under, for
5) After graduation he decided to go _____ but as time went _____, he began to find it
boring. He couldn’t imagine himself spending all his life going ______ money.
A. in for, on, after
B. into, on, after
C. in for, off, for
D. after, along, at
6) The color of your tie should go ____ your shirt. These two colors just don’t go _____.
A. for, along
B. along, together
C. with, long
D. with, together
7) The bomb went _____ in front of the embassy, killing one child and injuring a dozen others.
A. up
B. out
C. of
D. off
8) I don’t go _____ hard rock. It’s much too noisy _____ my taste.
A. after, with
B. for, for
C. with, with
D. with, for
9) Can you help me ______ my paper? I don’t know how to go ______ it.
A. with, about
B. on, about
C. for, with
D. at, for
10) We must see _____ it that we have enough money left to see us ______ the rest of the month.
A. about, for
B. to, for
C. to, through
D. on, through
11) Times have changed. But some people still cling ______ their old ideas. This is known _____ a cultural lag.
A. to, as
B. at, as
C. to, for
D. on, for
12) It is really comic to see how some people try to show ______ their knowledge _____ speaking or writing in a way nobody can understand.
A. up, by
B. off, for
C. off, by
D. out, with
13) I know why he gave me all the expensive gifts. He wanted me to hush it______.
A. down
B. up
C. off
D. away
14) I sympathize _____ her. I know why she didn’t show ______ that day.
A. for, up
B. with, in
C. to, off
D. with, up
15) We all have great sympathy______ the laid off workers. But it is not enough just to be sympathetic.
A. for, to
B. to, for
C. with, to
D. with, for
3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate propositions or adverbs.
1)We haven’t got much time. Let’s get ______ ______ business.
A. back on
B. on for
C. down to
D. over with
2) This thing is extremely boring. It’s getting _____ my nerves. Come on. Let’s get it ______ and done with.
A. on, over
B. to, over
C. on, through
D. to, through
3) The death of his wife was a big blow _____ him. He just couldn’t get _____ it.
A. for, through
B. to, over
C. at, away
D. to, beyond
4) He was very easy to get _____with. And although he was poor, he managed to get _____because he was single and had very simple needs.
A. along, by
B. away, along
C. around, along
D. on, by
5) The news of this killing in broad daylight got ______very quickly. But the murderer was not at all afraid. He thought that because he was the son of the police chief, he could get _____ with it.
A. round, on
B. about, way
C. round, away
D. back, on
6) When you get ______ with this training course, you won’t have much difficulty getting _____ simple ideas in English.
A. through, across
B. over, through
C. on, across
D. away, over
7) Don’t take me _____a fool. I’m not so easily taken _____.
A. for, in
B. as, in
C. as, into
D. for, into
8) I pleaded _____ him to apologize to his boss and take _____ what he said. But he wouldn’t listen.
A. to, back
B. for, in
C. with, back
D. to, away
9) Everybody says that he takes _____ his grandfather, _____ his big fleshy nose and fierce eyes.
A. to, with
B. after, for
C. after, with
D. from, like
10) I have great confidence ______ these talented young people. They will be able to take ______ my job.
A. for, over
B. about, up
C. in, over
D. on, on
11) I’m very grateful ______ him because he has promise to take this load ______ my shoulder.
A. to, off
B. for, down
C. with, from
D. to, down
12) ______ that time, the reform had begun to take effect, and the economy had begun to take ______.
A. at, off
B. by, off
C. during, up
D. by, up
13) Children like to take things ______ because they are curious. Don’t scold them.
A. off
B. away
C. along
D. apart
14) We will take _____ the expressway after 10 years of its operation according to the contract.
A. over
B. back
C. away
D. up
15) Let’s get a smaller table. This one takes _____ too much room.
A. off
B. away
C. off
D. up
16) I hear you subscribe _____ South China Weekend. Which section are you particularly fond _____?
A. to, of
B. in, of
C. to, off
D. from, at
17) I can’t figure _____ why people attach so much important _____GDP.
A. out, to
B. in, of
C. to, off
D. up, to
18) Sooner or later we will have to come _____ grips_____our educational reform.
A. in, with
B. to, with
C. for, on
D. in, on
19) When this landscaping plan is carried ______, our city will take _____ a new look.
A. on, up
B. out, up
C. on, out
D. out, on
20) The prices of TV sets are about 20% ______. The manufacturers are almost selling their products ______ cost.
A. off, at
B. down, at
C. less, for
D. lower, on
4.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate propositions or adverbs
1)As soon as she got home, she set ___________ preparing dinner.
A. to
B. about
C. forth
D. out
2)Many observers believe that a new economic recession has set __________ for
that country.
A. out
B. off
C. down
D. in
3) The debate is still going on whether people should continue to be forbidden to set ______ fireworks in big cities during national holidays.
A. off
B. out
C. up
D. to
4) If we all set ______ work, we can fulfill our plan ahead of schedule.
A. to
B. about
C. on
D. at
5) A nuclear war will set _____ the economic development of both countries for many years.
A. off
B. down
C. aside
D. back
6) Time is running ______. The international community must take immediate action.
A. away
B. off
C. along
D. out
7) He was run ______ by a speeding car and died instantly.
A. upon
B. over
C. down
D. into
8) This has never been tried before. So it’s natural that we’ll run ______ all kinds of difficulties.
A. upon
B. across
C. into
D. over
5. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word in the brackets.
1) When he heard the news, he was infuriated _______.
A. without words
B. beyond words
C. speechless
D. at a loss for words
2) When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake, her anger began to ______.
A. fade away
B. die away
C. fall down
D. die down
3) She ______ him to give her another chance.
A. begged
B. insisted on
C. demanded
D. pleaded
4) He was so angry that his whole body ______.
A. trembled
B. shivered
C. shuddered
D. shook
5) He was mortally wounded in the stomach. That night he died with a _____ look on his face.
A. content
B. contented
C. satisfying
D. satisfactory
6) ______ all our efforts, students are still not happy with the progress of our teaching reform.
A. With
B. For
C. Instead of
D. In spite
7) Can you break _______ this long sentence into simpler ones?
A. off
B. down
C. up
D. away
8) I just need a good computer. _______ that I really don’t need anything.
A. Beside
B. On top of
C. In addition to
D. Apart from
6. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word.
1) Only _______ those conditions can we live _______ each other.
A. under, in peace and harmony with
B. by, in peace and harmony with
C. with, under peace and harmony with
D. under, in peace and harmony for
2) _______ we seem to have conquered nature. But this is not true. Many scholars actually say that we should stop ______ nature before it is too late.
A. On the surface, tempering to
B. On the surface, tempering with
C. On the appearance, tempering with
D. In surface, interfering with
3) What happened that day had a great ______ on people’s lives. Now they all know
that no country can be completely _______ terrorist attack.
A. effect, immune to
B. impact, immune from
C. influence, free to
D. result, free from
4) We have already ______ the terms, but the contract will have to be ______ higher authorities for approval.
A. settled on, subjected for
B. agreed with, referred to
C. agreed on, taken for
D. settled on, subjected to
5) One problem is the lack of strict inspection. People actually either know or ______ those who ______ garbage.
A. know of, raise their pigs in
B. know about, feed their pigs to
C. know of, feed their pigs on
D. know, raise their pigs with
6) The other day I came ______ a book, which came ______ quite recently. It argues that education should not be too closely ______ market needs.
A. across, up, geared to
B. across, out, geared to
C. up with, out, linked to
D. into, out, connected with
7) Where did you come _______ these oranges? They are not easy to come _____ at this time of the year.
A. across, by
B. by, across
C. into, up
D. upon, about
8) We were ______ a great dilemma. But then Wei Ming came ______ a brilliant idea.
A. facing to, up
B. faced with, up with
C. thrown into, across
D. confronted with, to
9) She is still single, waiting for the right man to come ______, I suppose. But it’s not easy because she considers herself a swan _______ ugly ducklings.
A. along, in the midst of
B. up, in the middle of
C. across, among the midst of
D. to her, beyond the reach to
10) _______ New York is a world in itself because many different races and ethnic groups _______ each other.
A. In a certain extent, intermingle with
B. To a certain degree, live with
C. In a certain way, are mixed up with
D. To a certain extent, intermingle with
11) The reform and open policy has changed our life ______. And I believe more interesting changes are _______.
A. in every way, on the way
B. for the way, along the way
C. on every way, under way
D. in many ways, in the way
12) Don’t let us put it _______ until tomorrow. Let’s get it _______ the way.
A. aside, out of
B. off, out of
C. away, off
D. off, outside
13) It’s sickening to see him go ______ his way to please his boss. Somebody ought to tell him that nobody can ______ other people’s favors alone.
A. out of, live on
B. beyond, rely on
C. on, live by
D. out of, live off
14) The construction of the dam is already ______. But its completion is still a long way ______.
A. under its way, off
B. in progress, away
C. under progress, to go
D. under way, off
15) I planned to fly to New York ______ Tokyo, but in Tokyo I was delayed for ten hours, and JAL gave me 10,000 yen ______ an apology.
A. by the way of, to show
B. via, for the sake of
C. by way of, by way of
D. via, for
7. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word
1) To pass a law is ______. The most difficult thing is how to break ______ the resistance of those local officials who have benefited greatly ______ the old practices.
A. relatively easier, down, from
B. comparatively easier, up, from
C. relatively easy, down, from
D. reasonably easy, through, in
2) The final negotiations broke ______, the representatives were all called ______ by their governments, and soon war broke ______ between them.
A. down, back, out
B. up, away, out
C. down, home, up
D. up, back, up
3) A friend of mine told me that his apartment had been broken ______ twice within two months. So he had decided to move _______ safety.
A. down, for the sake of
B. through, for the purpose of
C. into, for the sake of
D. in, for the benefit
4) We have covered all the issues ______ one. I suggest we break ______ for lunch and continue this afternoon.
A. except, up
B. except for, up
C. instead of, off
D. except, off
5) The police were called ______ to break _______ the demonstration. But the police stood ______ the demonstrators.
A. on, up, on the side of
B. out, up, on the side of
C. up, down, by
D. out, up, behind
6) The new situation ______ important changes ______ of our life.
A. calls for, in every aspect
B. requires, on every aspect
C. demands for, from every aspect
D. acquires, with every aspect
7) He worked for three days and nights and finally broke ______. When his daughter saw his ashen face, she broke ______ a cold sweat.
A. down, up
B. up, in
C. down, into D up, into
8) We were originally ordered to ______ the enemy lines before sundown. But the plan was suddenly ______.
A. break through, called off
B. get through, cancelled off
C. get across, dropped down
D. slip through, called of
9) Young couples should think twice before they ______. Divorce is very often not a very good idea ______ their differences.
A. break, in spite of
B. break up, regardless of
C. break off, instead of
D. break away, for
10) If you ______, you see a lot of people from the countryside going from city to city, ______ that they might find a job.
A. look around, hoped
B. see round, in the attempt
C. look round, in the sake
D. look round, in the hope
11) People will always compete ______ opportunities and ______ success. It is almost _____ their genes.
A. for, strive towards, build into
B. for, strive for, written on
C. on, struggle for, rooted in
D. for, strive for, built into
12) The profits will be ______ our partners ______ their contributions ______ the total investment.
A. shared with, in proportion to, to
B. shared among, in proportion of, to
C. divided among, according to, on
D. shared with, on the basis of, to
13) Young people’s plans are often ______ those of their parents. They are not satisfied ______ the life arranged for them. They want to _____ out _____ their own.
A. different from, of, strike, on
B. in conflict with, with, branch, on
C. contradictory to, with, strike, for
D. opposed to, to, strike, in
14), Money is often ______ the idea of happiness. But it is wrong. In a civilized society, people wouldn’t attach too much importance ______ material things.
A. associated with, to
B. associated with, on
C. related with, to
D. related to, at
8. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word
1) She was seriously _____ in the railway accident and remained _____ for weeks. Everybody had given _____ on her. Nobody had expected her to be able to pull _____.
A. injured, in a coma, up, through
B. wounded, unconscious, in, to
C. wounded, unconscious, away, out
D. injured, in a coma, up, through
2) Tell them that if they do not accept our _____ this time, the deal is ______ .We will pull _____.
A. terms, off, out
B. conditions, over, away
C. terms, gone, back
D. conditions, out, off
3) The lawyer _____ to prepare his will ran ______ what the man had scribbled on the paper. He smiled because it only ______ three short sentences: I owe a lot. I own nothing. The rest I leave to all my children.
A. called on, across, made of
B. called on, through, consisted of
C. was called on, over, contained
D. who came, through, was consisted of
4) At first many people thought that this great disaster would inflict a terrible damage ______ the economy. But for some strange reason it touched ______ a great shopping spree.
A. to, of
B. on, upon
C. on, off
D. for, down
Structure
1. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer
1) The Foreign Minister, with his assistants and secretaries，_______ left for Paris for an international conference.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
2) You’d rather not go to the picnic, _______ you?
A. should
B. had
C. must
D. would
3) It was impolite of you to leave without saying goodbye; you really _______ have done so.
A. shouldn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t
4) Efforts were made ______ that everything would be ready before the guests arrived.
A. to ensure
B. ensuring
C. to have ensured
D. being ensured
5) The freezing point is the temperature ______ water turns into ice.
A. from which
B. from that
C. at which
D. at that
6) ______ I had the money, I wouldn’t buy such an expensive thing.
A. Unless
B. If only
C. When
D. Even if
7) Not only ______the film, but he met and talked with the director as well.
A. he did see
B. did he see
C. had he seen
D. he saw
9) The two sisters always have a lot to tell each other, either over the phone or ______ person.
A. in
B. with
C. under
D. of
10) ______up with the world’s best automobile manufactures, you’ve got to
modernize management, not only equipment.
A. Catching
B. To catch
C. Having caught
D. To be caught
11) There is no denying the fact ______quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out.
A. that
B. why
C. how
D. which
12) The most important part of a computer is the computer brain ______ CPU.
A. known
B. known as
C. to be known
D. to be know as
13) The first thing you should have learned at college is to work on your own. It’s
time you ______ able to manage your time.
A. could be
B. should be
C. were
D. are
14) I’ve got a piece of paper stuck in the printer. Could you tell me ______?
A. to get out it
B. how to get it out
C. to get it out
D. how to get out of it
15) Much of the boy’s free time ______ the Internet.
A. spends surfing
B. is spent surfing
C. spent surfing
D. is spent to surf
2. Complete each of the flowing sentences with the most likely answer
1) They had to leave quietly______ be seen by the plainclothes men.
A. as so not to
B. so as not to
C. not so as to
D. so not as to
2) –Where is your brother?
--He ______to the library.
A. had gone
B. had been
C. must have been
D. must have gone
3) A new all-purpose building ______ in the mountain village for shopping, business and indoor sports.
A. is now constructing
B. is now being constructed
C. has now constructed
D. has been now constructed
4) If you had done as I told you to do, this ______
A. should have not happen
B. did not happen
C. would not have happened
D. had not happened
5) ______ a bus stop near the museum is a disadvantage to tourists.
A. there not being
B. there being not
C. there not having
D. there having not
6) I quit understand ______ to discus the matter under the circumstances.
A. you not want
B. you to not want
C. not your wanting
D. your not wanting
7) Do you feel like ______ to a firm or would you rather ______ at home.
A. to go, to stay
B. going, stay
C. to go, staying
D. going, to stay
8) That’s one of those questions that really ______.
A. needn’t to be answered
B. needn’t to answer
C. don’t need answering
D. don’t need to answer
9) You’d rather I don’t tell her about it, ______?
A. wouldn’t you
B. didn’t you
C. should you.
D. had you
10) ______ the road and you will come to the post office.
A. if you were to turn off
B. turn off
C. turning off
D. having turned off
11) The reason ______ I don’t go to the party was ______ I got a bad cold that evening.
A. because, that
B. because, because
C. why, that
D. why, because
12) Since we didn’t have time to spare, we couldn’t visit all the places ______.
A. where I should like to visit
B. which I would like to visit them
C. where I would have like to
D. which I should have like to
13) ______ your own private feelings may be, it’s best to take his advice.
A. whatever
B. what
C. however
D. how
14) I haven’t yet considered the question ______ in your last letter.
A. to be raised
B. having been raised
C. being raised
D. raised
15) Only then did he ______ the situation he and his fellow soldiers were in.
A. aware of
B. aware
C. become aware of
D. become aware
3. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) According to the medical report, ______ 75 percent of the current violent crime is drug-related.
A. so many as
B. as many as
C. so much as
D. as much as
2) I don’t regret ______ her what I thought of her husband, even though it might have upset her.
A. telling
B. to tell
C. that I will tell
D. to have to tell
3) The more time you waste, the easier it is go on ______ time.
A. waste
B. to waste
C. wasting
D. wasted
4) ______ two hours daily made considerable difference to my physical condition.
A. walking
B. to walk
C. I walked
D. having walked
5) ______ could take notes as fast as the professor talked. I usually missed more than half of ______ lecture.
A. every one, each
B. no one, each
C. anyone, every
D. someone, every
6) On TV every taxi driver looks as if he had nothing ______ to drive 90 miles an hour, trying to keep up with another car, often in pouring rain.
A. more to do but
B. better to do than
C. else to do except
D. interesting to do besides
7) It won’t be long ______ China launches her space shuttle with men in it.
A. when
B. until
C. before
D. after
8) ______ dark clouds gathering, he decided to stay at home.
A. having to see
B. to see
C. having been seeing
D. seeing
9) The American expression “burning your bridges” means acting in ______ way that you destroy any chance to turn back or change your action.
A. the
B. a
C. such the
D. such a
11) The plant community ______ in a certain area becomes a food source for a community of animals ______ to that area.
A. grown, attracting
B. growing, attracted
C. growing, attracting
D. grown, attracted
12) I was one of those people who went to ______ college knowing exactly what I want to do with ______ life.
A. /, my
B. a, the
C. /, the
D. my, my
13) ______ grading the computer-based tests and providing technical support, I noticed flaws in the design of the software itself.
A. by
B. for
C. while
D. as
14) By the time this article goes to press, I ______ my master’s degree in hand.
A. would have
B. would have had
C. will have
D. should have
15) After ______ thought, I decided to accept an offer from ______ Fortune 500
company that produces computer software and hardware.
A. many, a
B. much, a
C. many, one
D. much, one
4. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) I think Mrs. Allen ______ be happier if she had a job outside the home.
A. would
B. will
C. can
D. should
3) ______ sufficient time, they would surely have done better.
A. being given
B. to give
C. given
D. giving
4) ______ the environment requires planning and the cooperation of all countries on earth.
A. to be improving
B. improving
C. having improved
D. improvement
5) There are many words in English which may be spelled, with equal correctness, in ______ of two ways.
A. both
B. neither
C. either
D. none
6) The young pilot had completed a cross-country flight ______ he almost collided into another aircraft.
A. of which time
B. during that time
C. at which
D. during which
7) ______ to the funeral of a big shot in show business, the couple tried to get a chance to be seen there.
A. invited not
B. not having invited
C. weren’t invited
D. not having been invited
8) Don’t be so disheartened; it’s only a matter of time ______ your talent is recognized.
A. after
B. when
C. before
D. since
9) She woke up to find the letter still lying on the bedside table. She ______ put it into the mailbox to catch the 5 pm collection yesterday.
A. must have
B. should have
C. have had to
D. would have
10) I don’t think a man of your grandfather’s age ______ moved this heavy desk out of the room all by himself.
A. could have
B. must have
C. should have
D. ought to have
11) ______ as the young couple needed money to make the down payment for the apartment, they wouldn’t ask their parents for help.
A. even
B. though
C. much
D. hurriedly
12) Pointing to a very decent sofa and a few easy chairs, he said, “The furniture in this room ______ mostly obtained form yard sales.”
A. were
B. are
C. had been
D. was
13) He came to the conclusion at the end of this report ______ developed countries should reduce the debts of the least developed countries.
A. on which
B. in which
C. that
D. which
14) ______ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and
French-speaking Canadians is ______ important issue Canada is faced with.
A. an. the
B. an, an
C. the, the
D. the, an
15) A mouth ago, at Giza, just outside Cairo, construction workers unearthed some flat stones ______ were written the rules for training school-leavers.
A. where
B. there
C. on which
D. in which
5. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) Effort only produces its reward ______ a person refuses to quit.
A. until
B. after
C. before
D. when
3) In theory there are no limited ______ what young people can achieve in this country.
A. in
B. at
C. to
D. for
4) A suggestion was made ______ the senior citizens be taken to a place of safety.
A. and
B. which
C. so
D. that
5) In the area, AIDS is ______ disease that the very mention of it strikes terror into the population.
A. a so dreadful
B. so dreadful a
C. such dreadful
D. a such dreadful
6) ______ we go there together next week or you go by yourself today.
A. if
B. though
C. either
D. neither
7) The climbers ______ the summit if they had started an hour earlier.
A. could reach
B. could have reached
C. would reach
D. must have reached
8) Jim couldn’t remember when he first met Professor Wang, but he was sure it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
A. /, the
B. the, /
C. a, /
D. /, /
9) It turned out what her father left her was the plain ring her mother had been wearing when she was alive. She ______ happier if it had been diamonds.
A. wouldn’t be
B. couldn’t be
C. should have been
D. couldn’t have been
10) When I began to move round toward the door, he ______ my thoughts, for he immediately told me to stay where I was.
A. must have guessed
B. guessed
C. had guessed
D. could guess
11) Follow______ dreams and pursue them with courage, for it is the pursuit of ______dreams that makes life really worth living.
A. your, them
B. one’s, these
C. your, those
D. one’s, those
12) We can do ______we want to if we stick to ______ long enough.
A. everything, them
B. anything, it
C. things, them
D. a thing, it
13) Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I ______ more back in high school about what really matters.
A. had learned
B. learned
C. did learn
D. would learn.
14) Some first-generation college students carry ______ hopes and dreams of ______ parents for a better life than they have had.
A. /, their
B. their, the
C. the, their
D. the, /
6. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) You ______ be too careful when dealing with such a delicate matter.
A. shouldn’t
B. can’t
C. won’t
D. oughtn’t
2) The teacher, with 5 girls and 7 boys form her class, ______visiting an art gallery when the earthquake struck.
A. has
B. had been
C. was
D. were
3) Don’t wait ______someone to bring you flowers, plant your own garden.
A. after
B. for
C. before
D. until
4) This area is often ______ as China’s silicon valley.
A. known
B. called
C. referred to
D. looked upon
5) After a week-long exchange of views, the two sides found there were few differences that really ______ between them.
A. they existed
B. it exist
C. to exist
D. existed
6) It was inconsiderate of you to leave without saying goodbye; you really ______ so.
A. shouldn’t have done
B. needn’t do
C. mustn’t have done
D. mustn’t
7) I just can’t believe ______ of them knows who Einstein was.
A. both
B. neither
C. two
D. all
8) None of their new products have sold well, ______?
A. haven’t they
B. have they
C. hasn’t it
D. has it.
9) ______ invited to the opening ceremony of the fair, the couple were angry.
A. not to be
B. not having been
C. not being
D. not having
10) It cannot be denied ______ quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out.
A. why
B. how
C. when
D. that
11) He teaches singing at a high school and is acknowledged to be ______ singer as he is a teacher.
A. so good a
B. as good a
C. a so good
D. a good
13) The man ______ a lawyer for the defense, but he seemed to me a liar.
A. called himself
B. said himself to be
C. introduced himself as
D. regarded himself as
14) Failures are not fatal ______ you let them grind your progress to a halt and make you too afraid to take risks.
A. if
B. when
C. before
D. unless
15) He ______ to be related to the great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, author of War and Peace.
A. says
B. is said
C. is saying
D. been said
7. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) It may be many years ______ they can send a man into space.
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. when
2) ______ photocopier is ______ machine that makes copies of documents etc. by photographing them.
A. the, a
B. /, the
C. a, /
D. /, /
3) The owner of the store promised to give the money back to the traveler ______ his return.
A. at
B. on
C. by
D. from
4) ______ the city’s environment has become a matter of great importance.
A. improving
B. the improving
C. improving of
D. being improved
5) I advised him ______ the bus conductor to tell him ______.
A. telling, to get off where
B. to ask, to get off where
C. telling, where to get off
D. to ask, where to get off
6) Many problems ______ have been overcome ---or ______ never have arisen----if the people involved had just treated one another with common courtesy.
A. would, should
B. should, would
C. might, could
D. could, might
7) After ______ seemed a friendly exchange of greetings, the foreign ministers of the two countries sat down to talk business.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
8) ______ the safety helmet, he would have had his skull broken.
A. but for
B. in spite of
C. despite
D. with
9) Bill was fired without ______ a month’s notice and decided to sue the company.
A. giving him
B. being given
C. been given
D. being given him
10) “My appearance at this social event is absolutely necessary, the guest list is going ______ in every paper in the country” the man told his agent.
A. published
B. publishing
C. to publish
D. to be published
12) As a man’s status rises he ______ to contribute generously to the well-being of his community.
A. expected
B. is to expect
C. being expected
D. is expected
13) The 29-year-old new CEO is described as ______ energetic and competent.
A. appearing
B. to appear
C. appeared
D. is appearing
14) The street had been ______ before the parade began.
A. swept clean
B. swept cleanly
C. sweeping thorough
D. sweeping thoroughly
15) Professor Yuan is reported ______ another breakthrough in his research.
A. to make
B. making
C. to have made
D. having made
8. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) H.G. Wells’ energy _____ enormous, for he wrote an astonishing number of books.
A. should be
B. must be
C. should have been
D. must have been
2) We are lucky to have ______ scientists in the country to teach us unclear physics.
A. the best of
B. best of
C. better
D. the better
3) In no other place ______ such friendly and hospitable people as in your country.
A. do I see
B. I saw
C. have I seen
D. I have seen
4) She was offered two jobs and her friends all advised her to choose______.
A. the challenger
B. the more challenging
C. the most challenger
D. the most challenging
5) ______ she saw him again did Vera realize how well he understood her inner self.
A. as soon as
B. when
C. not until
D. until
6) ______ people’s behavior in the downtown area of a major city leads to the question “what has happened to common courtesy?”
A. to observe
B. observing
C. to be observant on
D. being observant on
7) There are ______ things more enjoyable than a good discussion with someone you like and respect, ______ you disagree.
A. some, though
B. a few, however
C. some, even though
D. few, even if
8) It ______ be realized that football, in its modern form, was ______ organized and given rules in Britain.
A. must, first
B. has to, initially
C. should, firstly
D. ought to, initial
9) Basketball is one of the few sports that are just______ satisfying playing by yourself as they are ______ a team.
A. very, for
B. equally, on
C. as, with
D. so, in
10) Most technology, _______ for good purposes, can also be used for evil.
A. if to be designed
B. though designed
C. when to be designed
D. until designed
11) In this age of information, it is doubtful that a single profession or occupation ______ that does not utilize a computer system in some way.
A. has existed
B. has been existing
C. is to exist
D. exists
12) ______ a broad field of study, but it also involves intensive research into instinctive behavior of humans and animals.
A. Psychology not only is
B. Not only psychology is
C. Is psychology not only
D. Not only is psychology
13) ______ he needed money for his mother’s operation, the driver resisted the temptation to keep the fat wallet a customer had left behind in the car.
A. Much as
B. So much
C. As much
D. Much so
14) _____ both keys are inserted in the lock can the door of the bank-safe be opened.
A. Until
B. No sooner
C. Only when
D. Hardly ever
15) Mr. and Mrs. Brown _____ love their child; they often go out and leave him alone in the cold dark house.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
9. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) They tried _ _ vain to talk their son into majoring in law.
A. for
B. in
C. on
D. with
2) Professor Lin has been invited to speak at a conference on environmental protection ______ in Singapore next month.
A. held
B. be held
C. to be held
D. will be held
3) The room was ______ that you could hear a pin drop.
A. such quiet
B. such a quiet
C. quiet so
D. so quiet
4) True friends do not abandon each other ______ of danger.
A. at all times
B. at one time
C. in no time
D. in times
5) _______ he gets an operation, the boy may lose his hearing forever.
A. If
B. Given
C. Unless
D. Even though
6) Essential ______ they are to modern life, sometimes, computers can also create great problems for users.
A. although
B. as
C. since
D. for
7) At the top of the cliff ______ the deep valley stood a ten-foot pine tree.
A. there
B. where
C. overlooking
D. towering
8) After he retired, the professor devoted much of his time ______ writing popular science books for children.
A. on
B. for
C. in
D. to
9) Products tend to sell well that are packed in ______ catch the consumer’s eye.
A. such ways as to
B. such way as to
C. ways so as
D. a way that
10) ______ his poor health he had to retire at age 50.
A. Thanks to
B. Because
C. For
D. Owing to
11) ______ Mr. Blake still Foreign Minister, relations between the two countries would have been better.
A. If
B. Were
C. Is
D. Given
12) Only when I left my parents for college ____ how much I had depended on them.
A. I realized
B. I had realized
C. did I realize
D. had I realized
13) There are times when children feel that they could manage very well _____ their parents would leave them alone.
A. only when
B. if only
C. only if
D. when only
14) ______ sure that a message is understood by the receiver, the sender must choose
words and phrases that he knows the receiver will understand.
A. Making
B. Having made
C. Being made
D. To make
15) People who speak and write well are generally _______ as educated and intelligent and give a good impression.
A. seen
B. being seen
C. to see
D. see
10. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.
1) Everyone at the party had a good time, ___________ not John.
A. except
B. except for
C. but
D. besides
2) The service in the hospital was terrible. Patients often had to wait for half an hour without ___________.
A. attending to
B. being attended to
C. been attended to
D. having been attending
4) The donor of the kidney doesn’t want the young man to know what he has done for him and __________ why he did it.
A. still less
B. much more
C. as well as
D. the less
5) In a conversation, ________ think about what you’re going to say next, try to understand what people are saying and what you can learn.
A. instead of
B. rather than
C. except for
D. except
6) In a world as tightly connected as ours is, it is important to learn ____________ people elsewhere think.
A. when and where
B. when and which
C. how and what
D. how and why
7) Look at the delight a one- or two-year-old takes in learning, and you will see ____________________________.
A. what powerful will the human is to learn
B. the human will to learn is how powerful
C. how powerful the human will is to learn
D. how powerful is the human will to learn
8) The U.S. is definitely a telephone country. This is due partly to ___________ telephone service is good, whereas postal service is less efficient.
A. the reason that
B. the reason which
C. the fact that
D. the fact which
9) In some countries, unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems as if the task ______________ were insignificant.
A. being considered
B. to be considered
C. considered
D. considering
10) Elements are made up of atoms. Most atoms are stable, ________ means they do not change from year to year.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. what
11) _____________anyone can grow up in the world today without worrying about nuclear weapons is no tribute to the discoverers of radium —Madame Curie and her
词汇与语法
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
英语语法词汇
英语语法专业术语表达 疑问代词 现在进行时 76. The Past Continuous Tense 1. Morphology 词法 41.Conjunctive Pronoun 连接代词 过 去进 行时 2. Notional Words 实义词 77. The Future Continuous Tense 3. Form Words 虚词 将来进行时 4. Parts of Speech 词类 44. Reciprocal Pronoun 相互代词 78. The Present Perfect Tense 42. Relative Pronouns 关系代词 43. Indefinite Pronouns 不定代词 5. The Noun 名词 45. The Subjective Case 主格 现在完成时 6. The Pronoun 代词 79. The Future Perfect Tense 46. The Objective Case 宾格 将 来完 成时 7. The Numeral 数词 80.The Present Perfect Continuous 8. The Verb 动词 现在完成进行时 9. The Adjective 形容词 49. Fractional Numerals 分数词 80. The Sequence of Tenses 10. The Adverb 副词 50．Notional Verbs 实意动词 时态的呼应 47. Cardinal Numerals 基数词 48. Ordinal Numerals 序数词 11. The Article 冠词 51. Link Verbs 连系动词 82. The Active Voice 主动语态 12. The Preposition 介词 52. Auxiliary Verbs 助动词 83. The Passive Voice 被动语态 13. The conjunction 连词 53. Modal Verbs 情态动词 84. The Indicative Mood 陈述语气 14. The Interjection 感叹词 54. Transitive Verbs 及物动词 85. The Imperative Mood 祈使语气 16. Word Building 构词法 86.The Subjunctive Mood 55. Intransitive Verbs 不及物动词 18. Derivation 派生 20. Prefix 前缀 21. Suffix 后缀 56. Regular Verbs 规则动词 57. Irregular Verbs 不规则动词 58. Person 人称 虚拟语气 87. Sentences of Real Condition 真实条件句 88. Sentences of Unreal Condition 22. Compound Words 合成词 59. Number 数 虚拟条件句 23. Classification of Nouns 89. Degrees of Comparison 60. Tense 时态
英语词汇与语法
since 英音：[sins]美音：[s?ns] 副词ad. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时) 1. 此后;从那时到现在 She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since. 她三年前毕业,从那时起便一直当护士。 2. 之前,以前 介词prep. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 I haven't heard from him since last year. 我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。 连接词conj. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 It's been ten years since they married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 她自从丈夫死后,一直过着艰苦的生活。 2. 既然;因为,由于 He must have taken the book since it isn't here. 他一定是把书拿走了,因为书已不在这里了。 Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。 when 副词ad. 1. (用作疑问副词)什么时候,何时 I'd like to know when they'll let him out. 我想知道他们什么时候放他。 When did you last see Margaret? 你上一次见到玛格丽特是什么时候?
词汇与语法结构(四)
（4) You can't do anything else until you your homework. A. finished B. will finish C. have finished D. had finished 答案：C 解析：根据上下文语意判断。 （5) Send for a doctor quickly. The man . A. will die B. is dying C. dies D. died 答案：B 解析：根据上下文语意判断,注意和汉语表达习惯的差异。 （6）He told me that the number of students to be admitted at that time. A.had not been decided on B. were not decided on B.has not been decided on D. are not decided on 答案：A 解析：根据上下文语意判断。 （7) It is recorded that in 1892 the weather became so cold that the river____ over. A. freezes B. was freezing C. has frozen
D. froze 答案：D. 解析：in 1892 应该是一般过去时，主从句时态也应保持一致。 （8) People were disturbed and began to see where the noise . A. is coming B. was coming C. has come D. had come 答案：B. 解析：主从句时态一致。 （9) Everyone to bring some food to the party on Sunday. A. supposes B. will suppose C. is supposed D. will be supposed 答案：C 解析：根据上下文语意判断。 （10) ---Is Tom coming with us? --- He can’t ---he for his exams. A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared 答案：B 解析：根据上下文语意判断。
学位英语语法词汇测练
学位英语语法词汇 学位英语语法词汇测练（1） 例：The news coming from different parts of the world are often extremely discouraging A B C D these days. (2006.6) 例：The responsibility of the manager in such a large international enterprises is far greater A B C than his typist. D 例：It was during the 1966’s that the friendship between Edward and Jeremy reached their A B C highest point. D 例：The waste, according to the people there, has already found their way into the drinking A B C D water. (2004.3) wentong96.blog.163. 例：Those of us who work in chemical laboratories should have their lungs checked quite A B C D regularly. (2000.6) 【答案】C。句子的主语是The news，是不可数名词，因此谓语动词应当是is。 【答案】D。因为比较的对象是responsibility，因此选项D应当改为that of his typist，用that 来代替前面出现过的抽象名词responsibility。wentong96.blog.163. 【答案】C。本句的意思是“在1966年间Edward 和 Jeremy的友谊达到了顶点。”their应当改为 its，这里的its指代前面的两人的friendship，是一个抽象名词，为了与其保持数上的一致性，应当用its代替。 【答案】C。本句的意思是“那里的人们说，废品流到了饮用水里面。”their应当改为its，这里的its指代的是前面的the waste，是不可数名词，为了与其保持数的一致性，应当用its来代替。【答案】D。本句的意思是“那些在实验室工作的人应当定期对其肺部进行检查。”their应当改为our，这里的our指代前面的those of us，为了与其保持人称上的一致性，应当用our来代替。 学位英语语法词汇测练（2） 英语语法 2010-03-30 22:12:19 阅读229 评论1 字号：大中小 1. The teacher’s lecture on American history was three hours long, and Mary felt very _____. A. upset B. bored C. disturbed D. neglected 2. Her mind was so _____ by the disease that she could not remember what she had done. A. acted B. influenced C. effected D. affected 3. Every boy and girl _____ not to swim in the lake, for it is polluted. A. has been warned B. have been warned C. has warned D. have warned 4. She heard a terrible noise, _____ brought her heart into her mouth.
初中英语语法和词汇教学心得体会
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on at that in 答案：A 7、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time. 答案：B 8、I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me. 答案：C 9、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment. 答案：A 10、He _______ lives in the house where he was born. 答案：C 11、- Do you want to wait? - Five days ________ too long for me to wait.
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