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被动语态的结构及用法

教学过程

被动语态的结构及用法

Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习

一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs

1、规则动词过去分词的构成：

(1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked

(2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied

(3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed

如stopped，planned

2、特殊变化：课本附录

Step 2 Presentation:呈现

一、语态概述：略讲

1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。

2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom.

3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us.

二、被动语态的构成：略

被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。

1、现在：

（1）一般现在时am/is/are + done

（2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done

（3）现在完成时have/has + been done

2、过去：

（1）一般过去时was/were + done

（2）过去进行时was/were + being done

3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done

三、被动语态句式：略

（1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them.

（2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them.

（3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them?

（4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by)

四、被动语态的用法：

1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen.

2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道）

Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。

3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight.

Step 3 Consolidation:巩固

五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变

A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语

B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）

C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格

Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him.

1、S+V+O

(1)主动句为带no的否定句，被动句常用no，neither，never等

Eg. No one has ever beaten her at tennis.→She has never been beaten at tennis.

(2)主动句为带any构成不定代词的否定句，被动句常用no

Eg. We didn't notice anything special in his work.

→Nothing special was noticed in his work.

2、S+V+O1+O2

（1）主动句的间接宾语/直接宾语→被动句的主语

Eg. They gave the children many good books.

→The children were given many good books.

Many good books were given to the children.

（2）只能主动句的直接宾语→被动句的主语

Eg. She wrote Jim a letter.→A letter was written to Jim.

（3）宾语从句一般不可作为被动句的主语

Eg. She told me when the film started. →I was told when the film started.

六、被动语态的注意事项：

1、by短语省略的几种情况：

（1）无法确定动作执行者eg. The Great Wall was built thousands years ago.（2）泛指动作执行者eg. Children should be given a good living.

（3）不愿说出动作执行者

（4）前后文对执行者已有暗示eg. Your homework should be handed in early tomorrow.

2、主、被动转化,被保留的间接宾语前还原介词to\for\of (give, send, take, bring, get等)

3、在被动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后面的不定式要带to (听hear, 观see/watch, 使make, 让let, 帮help)

4、没有被动语态的词：happen, rise, fit, turn, taste, sound, smell等

Step 4 Practice:练习

1.More and more foreigners speak Chinese in the world now.（改为被动语态）

2.Today Chinese _______(teach) in many schools around the world.

3.Rice is grown in the south by them.（改为主动句）

4.Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ________(regard) as "People Writer".

5.A talk on Chinese history ____ in the school hall next week.

A is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give

6.That's a nice watch! Is it _____ in China?

A make

B making

C made

D makes

7.His grandma _____ for two years.

A was died

B has been dead

C was dead

D has died

8.The medicine _____ cool, clean and dry.

A must keep

B must be kept

C must be carried

D must be in

9.The lost boy _____ early this morning.

A found

B was founded

C was found

D had found

10.The river smells terrible. People must _____ dirty.

A be stopped to throw

B be stopped from throwing

C stop to throw

D stop from throwing

11.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were

portrayed _____.

A had produced

B have been produced

C would have produced

D had been produced

板书设计被动语态的构成：

1、现在：

（1）一般现在时am/is/are + done

（2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done

（3）现在完成时have/has + been done

2、过去：

（1）一般过去时was/were + done

（2）过去进行时was/were + being done

3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done

被动语态句式：

（1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them.

（2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them.

（3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them?

（4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by)

教学反思

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英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

被动语态的结构及用法

教学过程被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成： (1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped，planned 2、特殊变化：课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现一、语态概述：略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成：略被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在：（1）一般现在时am/is/are + done （2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done （3）现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去：（1）一般过去时was/were + done （2）过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式：略（1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. （2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. （3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? （4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法： 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道） Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A．inspired B．prompted C．rised D．insured 【答案】A 【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞；B. prompted引起，提示；C. rised上升；D. insured确保。句意：电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。 2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点: 考查句式用法 3．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.

被动语态讲解与练习题

被动语态Passive Voice 一、被动语态的构成动词语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句中主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者或行为的对象。谓语动词为主动语态的叫主动句，为被动语态的叫被动句。 1.被动语态的基本构成形式过去将来时：should/would be done was\were going to be done was\were about to be done was\were to be to done 过去将来完成时：should/would have been done 2. 含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词练习： 1) Visitors ___________ (request) not to touch the exhibits. 2) All the preparations for the task_______________(complete), and we're ready to start. 3) Look, a new cinema _____________(build) here now. 4) I _____________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______________(complete) in Beijing. 6) A meeting ___________________(hold) when I was there. 7) Hundreds of job_____________ (lose) if the factory closes.

强烈推荐,有经典例句的被动语态的用法

一、被动语态的用法： 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。 The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如： The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。 It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。 It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有 It is reported that…据报道 It is said that…据说 It is believed that…大家相信 It is suggested that…有人建议二、主动语态变为被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. → A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：

初三英语被动语态知识点整理

被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3）am/is /are being done现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I don't like being laughed at in the public.

被动语态的基本用法

何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要如： Paper is made from wood. The house is quite old. It was built in 1950 He was wounded in the fight. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时 3 为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。女口： The con struct ion o f the new lab must be compi eted by month. Electricity is used to run machines. 被动语态的构成 2. 许多 verbs （broken, interested, shut, worried ）, 既可以用做态结构中做过去分词。句中如果有 by ，通常是被动语态。如： I was worried abeutyou all night. （表状态）被动语态的基本用法如： Calwlator can't be used in the maths exam. Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. the end of next 1. be+done 可以是被动语态，也可以是系表结构形式。被动语态中， done 可以带 by 短语，而系表结构中 done 相当于 adj. 不带 by 短语。如： The question is settled. （系表结构） Such questions are settled by us. （被动语态） The composition is well written. （系表结构） The composition is written with great care . （被动语态） The job was well done. （系表结构） The job was well done by a skilled worker. （被动语态） adj. 也可以在被动语

英语被动语态用法

英语被动语态用法 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

语态篇——常见与不常见的被动 [提问]在下面这个句子中，那些部分为被动语态“I had not originally been scheduled to work this day but I was extremely pleased when I was asked to help out at the last minute, for it would be one of the most memorable days of the games. (Experiencing English Integrated Book Page120)” 答：要分析上面这个句子，并划出相应的被动语态部分，首先要清楚地了解什么是被动语态和被动语态的结构。在学中，语态是针对动词而言的一种形式，描述句子中和参与此动作的之间关系。语态分为主动Active Voice和被动Passive Voice两种。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。例如：“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态；而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。一点意见，我觉得这些语法太简单了被动语态强调动作的对象或动作本身，句中主语是动作的受动者。分析句子时找到主语和谓语动词，如果主语并非主动行为，而是接受动作，是动作指向的对象，那么该句就是被动句。被动语态的基本构成为： be动词+及物动词过去分词。其中be动词随着句子的不同时态发生相应变化，并要注意随主语人称、单复数变化而使用正确形式。 1）一般现在时：am／is／are＋V-ed 2）一般过去时：was／were＋V-ed 3）一般将来时：will／shall be＋V-ed 4）现在进行时：am／is／are being＋V-ed 5）过去进行时：was / were being + V-ed 6）现在完成时：have／has been＋V-ed

被动语态的用法大全

语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思，英语却应该用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由"by"引出，而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。还有些特殊现象，如：known to man(人类......所知)，on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot)，in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等习惯用法。有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确"将来进行无被动，现在完成进行同"。这两种时态无被动形式。另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构)的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。被动语态（一般现在时）主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。被动语态的口诀一般现、过用be +过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 1.一般现在时is\am\are+P.P(过去分词) 2.一般过去时was\were+P.P 3.一般将来时will be+P.P 4.现在进行时is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P 5.过去进行时was\were+being(固定不变)+P.P 6.现在完成时have\has been+P.P 7.过去完成时had been+P.P 语法结构 1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况）与..事实相反If从句主句过去Had done Would* have done

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