2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案(阅读理解)

2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案（阅读理解）

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）

Text 1

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortisol ， which is it at stress marker， while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

“Further contradicting conventional wisdom， we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home，” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske， In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work，” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children without， but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.

What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they' re at home， whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men， the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home，they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home， they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles， and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women， it' s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

But it's not just a gender thing. At work， people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing： working， making money， doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure： Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.

On the home front， however， people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done， there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor； they need to be talked into it， or if they' re teenagers， threatened with complete removal of 新祥旭官网https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5601287.html,/

all electronic devices. Plus， they' re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite， the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

21.According to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home ______.

[A]was an unrealistic place for relaxation

[B]generated more stress than the workplace

[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement

[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22.According to Damaske， who are likely to be the happiest at home？

[A]Working mothers

[B]Childless husbands

[C] Childless wives

[D]Working fathers

23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that ______.

[A]they are both bread winners and housewives

[B]their home is also a place for kicking back

[C]there is often much housework left behind

[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office

24.The word“moola”（Line 4，Para 4）most probably means ______.

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

25.The home front differs from the workplace in that ______.

[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment

[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

[C]household tasks are generally more motivating

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[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded

【参考答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B

【主要内容】本文主要讲述工作环境压力问题。

Text 2

For years， studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education， colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students，but then watching many of them fail， means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen， rather than close” achievement gap based on social class，according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Sciense.

But the article is actually quite optimistic， as it outlines a potential solution to this problem， suggesting that an approach（which involves a one-hour，next-to-no-cost program） can close 63 percent of the achievement gap（measured by such factors as grades）between first-generation and other students.

The authors of the paper are from different universities， and their finding are based on a study involving 147 students（who completed the project）at an unnamed private university.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree Most of the first-generation students（59.1 percent） were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree

Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.

Many first-gene ration students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the rules of the game，'and take advantage of college resources，” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don't talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect

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students' educational experience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students' like them can improve

26. Recruiting more first-generation students has______.

[A]reduced their dropout rates

[B]narrowed the achievement ago

[C] missed its original purpose

[D]depressed college students

27 The author of the research article are optimistic because______.

[A]the problem is solvable

[B]their approach is costless

[C]the recruiting rate has increased

[D]their finding appeal to students

28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students______.

[A]study at private universities

[B]are from single-pa rent families

[C]are in need of financial support

[D]have failed their collage

29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students______.

[A]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap

[B]can have a potential influence on other students

[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects

[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

30.We may infer from the last paragraph that______.

[A]universities often reject the culture of the middle-class

[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C]social class greatly helps en rich educational experiences

[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

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【参考答案】26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D

【主要内容】本文主要讲述第一代大学生（也就是父母均无大学学位的大学生）的问题。

Text 3

Even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey， mission，passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn't talk about energy；we didn't talk about passion.”

Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence.“Let's not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious；it's the idea that I'm a coach，and you're my team，and we're in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win”。

These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khurana points out，increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，”said Khurana

This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today， prompting arguments about why women still can't have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In，whose title has become a buzz word in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But if your work is your “passion，” you'll be more likely to devote yourself to it，even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed

But this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，but managers love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said，“You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that's fundamentally in different to your life and its meaning office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work-and how your work defines who you are

31. According to Nancy Koehn， office language has become ______.

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[A]more emotional

[B]more objective

[C]less energetic

[D]less energetic

[E]less strategic

32.“team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to ______.

[A]historical incidents

[B]gender difference

[C]sports culture

[D]athletic executives

33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to ______.

[A]revive historical terms

[B]promote company image

[C]foster corporate cooperation

[D]strengthen employee loyalty

34.It can be inferred that Lean In ______.

[A]voices for working women

[B]appeals to passionate workaholics

[C]triggers debates among mommies

[D]praises motivated employees

35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak？

[A]Managers admire it but avoid it

[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense

[C]Companies find it to be fundamental

[D]Regular people mock it but accept it

【参考答案】31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C

【主要内容】本文主要讲述办公室语言的问题。

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Text 4

Many people talked of the 288，000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June， along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent， as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment， but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

However， there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830，000（4.4 percent） above its year ago level.

Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare， it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time in June， but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession， but it is down by 640，000（7.9 percent） from its year ago level.

We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes，” they are classified as working part-time. They survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people，especially those with serious health conditions of family members with serious health conditions， before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

However， Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected？

A. The prospect of a thriving job market.

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B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

C. The possibility of full employment.

D. The acceleration of job creation.

37. Many people work part-time because they______.

A. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs

B. feel that is enough to make ends meet

C. cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

D. haven‘t seen the weakness of the market

38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US

A. is harder to acquire than one year ago

B. shows a general tendency of decline

C. satisfies the real need of the jobless

D. is lower than before the recession

39. It can be learned that with Obamacare， ______.

A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance

B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

C. it is still challenging to get insurance for family members

D. full-time employment is still essential for insurance.

40. The text mainly discusses______.

A. employment in the US

B. part-timer classification

C. insurance through Medicaid

D. Obamacare‘s trouble

【参考答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. A

【主要内容】本文主要讲述美国兼职问题。

【试题点评】今年四篇文章难度都不太大。在我们整体的考研阅读当中，所需要具备的一个最重要的能力就是如何去看到题目之后，定准了位，并且找到那个我们真正应该找到的位置，在四个选项当中去找意思的原文最匹配的选项。具体相关知识点和解题思路在新祥旭官网https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1a5601287.html,/

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2015年考研英语二真题答案(完整版)

2015年考研英语二真题答案（完整版） 2015考研英语二答案 完型填空题 1 .C signal 2 .D much 3. C plugged 4. A message 5. C behind 6. A misinterpreted 7. B judged 8. D unfamiliar 9. B anxious 10. D turn 11.A dangerous 12. A hurt 13.B conversation 14. D passengers 15.C predict 16. D ride 17.A went through 18.C in fact 19.B since 20 B simple 阅读题答案 Text 1 答案 21. D offered greater relaxation than the workplace 22. B childless husbands 23. A they are both bread winners and housewives 24. C earnings 25. B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut Text2 答案 26. C miss its original purpose 27. A the problem is solvable 28. C are in need offinancial support 29. D are inexperienced in handling issues at college

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2016考研英语二答案详解：阅读理解

2016考研英语二答案详解：阅读理解 Text 1 21 答案B remodel the way of thinking. 解析：此题是文中人物观点题。根据Cortina定位到第二段前三句。Cortina认为尽早接触计算机科学是有益的。第三句It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. 译为在转变思维程序方面小孩不像年龄较大的学生一样困难，即B remodel the way of thinking 转变思维方式即为同义替换。 22 答案D interest 解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词Friedman定位到第四段第二句but之后引号里面内容“我们试图让课程符合学生兴趣”，故而D interest为正确答案。 23 答案A help students learn other computer languages 解析：文中人物观点题。题干问的是Deborah Seehorn认为在Flatiron这里所学到的技能将能怎么样，据此定位到第五段But处，和题干基本一致，该句指出“But the skills they learn…appl to any coding language”，意思是他们学到的技能可以应用于任何编码语言。对比答案选项，A选项的意思是“帮助学生学习其他的计算机语言”属于原文定位处的同义替换。 24 答案C become better prepared for the digitalized world 解析：细节题。题干指出：根据最后一段，Flatiron的学生被期望去干什么。据此定位到最后一段的These kids are going to be处，是题干的同义复现。定位句“These kids are…be surrounded by computers for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think…….the better.”，意思是学生们越早学越好。C选项“为数字化的未来做更好的准备”是同义概述。 25 答案B persuade 解析：词义句意题，结合上下文来解题。根据coax此单词，定位到最后一段最后一句“how to coax the machine into producing what they want”，考察固定搭配“persuade…into…”。A选项挑战，B选项劝服，C选项使恐慌，D选项误导。考生做题时一定要注意结合上下文来推测生词的词义，这是命题人的出题规律。 Text 2 26 答案A its drastically decreased population 解析：此题是原因细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段But前后关于lesser prairie chickens 数量2million和22,000的强烈对比。此外第二段第二句“the lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation”都可以得知A its drastically decreased population 数量的急剧下降为正确答案。 27 答案C granted less federal regulatory powers 解析：此题是原因细节题。根据关键词定位到第二段第四句，They had …, a state that gives federal officials greater regulatory power. 而But 之后是截然相反的事实，即政府授予了更少的管理权。故而C granted less federal regulatory powers为正确答案。 28 答案A agree to pay a sum for compensation 解析：推断题。题干问的是从第三段推出来：无意伤害的那些人是不会被检举的如果怎么样。根据题干定位到第三段首句“it would not prosecute….as long as ….”，题干中问的if 即原文的as long as的同意替换，原文as long as的意思是：只要他们签署了计划。下一句说道，该计划要求个体和企业去支付基金。对应选项A选项“赞同支付赔偿”属于同义替换。 29 答案D the states

2015年考研英语二阅读Text1真题详解

2015年考研英语二阅读Text1真题详解 整篇文章的主题是与我们生活息息相关的内容，文章的难度不大，相比2014年英语二的阅读来说，难度稳定，这是在我们预料之中的。 第21题According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home＿＿＿(根据第一段可知，之前的调查中认为家是一个____地方)。[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace [B] was an ideal place for stress measurement [C] generated more stress than the workplace [D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation题目中明确给出范围，所以我们只要在第一段中找答案，且要注意题目中的关键词是previous。回归第一段，不难发现文章的首句便是答案出处：A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work.（新的研究显示不同于以往的绝大多数调查，人们在家比工作时的压力更大）。这句话中new、contrary to most surveys是提示词，与题目中的previous study相对应的，不难做出正确答案是[A] 第22题According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?（Damaske 认为，谁可能是最家里最快乐的？）读完题目，回到文章第二段找Damaske的观点：It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work.在家男性比女性更快乐，Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents.这句话的关键词是more,它与题目中的happiest最高级是相对应的，所以解这道题的关键便是nonparents.但是对于很多同学来说，nonparents是个生词，不认识。其实大家只要上过中公考研的英语词汇课，学习过词根词缀法，这个单词就变的很简单。nonparents是由否定前缀non-+parents构成的，non-这个否定前缀表示“不无非”，所以整个单词可以译为不是父母。四个选项[A] Childless wives [B] Working mothers [C] Childless husbands [D] Working fathers，我们可以轻易选出答案C，没有孩子且是丈夫。 第23题，The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that＿＿。回归第三段中，找到With the blurring of roles，发现前面的句子正是对这种现象的解释：for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks.以及后面的the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women，指的便是女性不仅得工作赚钱，而且还得在家得忙家务，所以她们的身份是双重的。所以选[D] they are both bread winners and housewives. 第24题，The word“ moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means＿＿这是一道词义推测题，它与前文中的marking money是近义词，答案选[C] earnings收入。 第25题The home front differs from the workplace in that＿＿。文章第5段there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor;家务劳动不会像工作一样得到足够的奖励，而且分工也是不明确的。答案对应选项[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut. 虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，

2020考研英语二阅读理解真题及解析

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2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案(阅读理解)

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