2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题真题与翻译

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding ―yes!‖

1 helping you feel close and 2to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring

a 3of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4getting sick this winter.

In a recent study5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs6 the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8with a cold,and the researchers9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe12.

―Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13 risk for colds that’s usually14 with stress,‖ notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging ―is a marker of intimacy and helps15 the feeling that others are there to help16difficulty.‖

Some experts 17the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called ―the bonding hormone‖18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.

拥抱可以使医生远离我们吗？答案也许是响亮的“是的”。除了能帮助你感到和自己在乎的人关系亲密之外，事实证明拥抱还可以给你的身心健康带来许多好处。不管你信不信，温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你避免生病。

最近，宾夕法尼亚州卡耐基梅隆大学的研究人员对超过400名健康成年人进行了研究。他们在让这些实验对象接触感冒病毒后，检测了“感觉到社会支持”和“受到别人拥抱”这两点对他们患上常见感冒的敏感性的影响。感觉到更多社会支持的人更不容易患感冒，研究人员推算出，这种对健康的有益影响，大约有32%是由拥抱所产生的减压效果所带来的。甚至在已经患上感冒的人群中，感觉得到更多社会支持和频繁得到拥抱的人的症状也更轻。

“拥抱可以保护那些处于压力之下的人免受与压力有关的、愈发增加的感冒的风险，”来自卡内基大学的心理学教授谢尔登·科恩观察道。拥抱“能制造亲密，也能帮助产生面对困难时，有人来帮助你的感觉。”

一些专家将拥抱所产生的减缓压力的健康好处归因于拥抱所释放的催生素，其通常被称为“结合激素”，因为它能促进依附关系，包括母亲与新生婴儿之间的依附关系。催生素主要产生在大脑的中低部，其有一部分会被释放进血液里。但还有一部分会留在大脑里，影响人们的情绪、行为及生理。

Section ⅡReading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

First two hours,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.

Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O’Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.

Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.

There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risks, saving time for everyone involved.TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.

It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since

the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcomi ng reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.

The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.

21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to________.

[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide

[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports

[C] explain Americans’ tolerance of current security checks

[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection

22. Which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?

[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags

[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA

[C] An increase in the number of travelers

[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks

23.The word ―expedited‖ (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to________.

[A] faster

[B] quieter

[C] wider

[D] cheaper

24. One problem with the PreCheck program is___________.

[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale

[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation

[C] The government’s reluctance to back it

[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment

25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Less Screening for More Safety

[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution

[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines

[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes

Text 1

全文翻译

以前是2小时，现在是3小时——这就是航空当局建议旅客提前到达机场赶国内航班的时间，至少美国一些大的机场是这么建议的，因为安检队伍正变得越来越长。

美国人现在愿意忍受费时的安检程序，以换取更高的安全性。被恐怖分子袭

击而坠入地中海的埃及航空804号航班给了大家为什么这么做的一个悲剧提醒。但是对飞机乘客要求太多或者在安全保障方面的成效不足反过来又会降低公众对这一程序的支持。其就会演变成：浪费的时间耽误了美国的经济和私人生活，也会使乘客感到愤怒。

去年，美国运输安全管理局在一次秘密检查中发现，管理局的便衣调查员在尝试偷运武器的时候（无论真假），屡次通过了安检。随后，机场加强了安检措施，同时经济复苏和低油价也导致了国际航班的增加，这些因素就导致包括芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场在内的主要机场的安检队伍变长。目前，安检措施是否变得更加有效尚不得而知，但安检队伍确实变长了。

导致这一问题的部分原因是政府没有预料到乘飞机出行的乘客数量会猛增，所以美国运输安全管理局现在正紧锣密鼓地在各机场增加新的安检人员。另一个原因是，机场只有这么多空间，能容下的安检队伍有限。还有一个因素可能是，越来越多的人想要过度打包他们的随身行李以避免行李安检费用，尽管航空公司对此强烈反对。

美国运输安全管理局可以采取的一个不需要改造机场或仓促招聘人员的措施，那就是鼓励更多的乘客参加预检项目。预检对游客和美国运输安全管理局而言是双赢的选择。通过背景检查的乘客有资格使用快速安检通道。这能使美国运输安全管理局能重点检查具有高风险的乘客，从而节省了其他人的时间。美国运输安全管理局计划将2500万乘客纳入预检项目。

然而，这一计划还未达到预期目标，其中的一个主要原因就是定价太高。乘客必须每五年支付85美元进行背景审核。从一开始这一价格就是预检项目的重大缺陷。接下来的改革也许会把价格调整到合理的水平。但是国会应该通过资助预检项目或以别的方式来降低成本的方式直接参与到价格调整中去。

在大部分的游客得忍受不必要排队的痛苦之时，美国运输安全管理局不能继续将资源投入到未充分使用的预检通道中去了。要想让预检项目真的开始起作用，那还需要很长的时间。

Text 2

―The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,‖ wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii’s last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.

At issue is the TMT’s planned location on M auna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world’s most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea’s peak rises above th e bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of

unsurpassed clarity.

Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.

Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.

Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.

The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.

26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates_________.

[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy

[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society

[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times

[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time

27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to__________.

[A] its geographical features

[B] its protective surroundings

[C] its religious implications

[D] its existing infrastructure

28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because________.

[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life

[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history

[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival

[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea

29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy

__________.

[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians

[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world

[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture

[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility

30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of________.

[A] severe criticism

[B] passive acceptance

[C] slight hesitancy

[D] full approval

Text 2

全文翻译

“古时候的夏威夷人是天文学家，”夏威夷最后一任执政君主利留卡拉尼女王在1897年写道。观星宿者过去是夏威夷社会中最受尊敬的人物。悲哀的是，现在的夏威夷不再如此。一座有望改变人类宇宙观的巨大天文台“30米望远镜”的修建计划引发了激烈的抗议。

抗议的焦点是30米望远镜在冒纳凯阿火山计划的选址，该休眠火山被一些夏威夷人供奉为阳光，其将夏威夷岛屿连接至天堂。但冒纳凯阿火山也是一些世界上功能最强大的望远镜的所在地。处于大西洋之中，冒纳凯阿火山的顶峰可以远远升到我们星球的浓密大气层之上，那里的地质条件可以使天文望远镜获得无比清晰的图像。

反对在冒纳凯阿火山上建造望远镜并非新鲜事。一小部分直言不讳的夏威夷人和环保主义者长期以来都认为这些望远镜的存在是对这片神圣土地的不尊重，同时也是对“夏威夷曾经作为主权国家却被占领”这一痛苦事实的提醒。

一些人指责道，天文学家也对现在的争议负有一定的责任。他们渴望建造更大的天文望远镜，却忘了科学不是了解世界的唯一方式。他们没有始终将对冒纳凯阿火山脆弱生态系统的保护和捍卫该火山对岛屿居民的神圣意义置于优先位置。夏威夷文明不是历史遗产，今日，它是正在复兴的生动文化。

然而，科学也有文化史，其根源可以追溯至文明诞生之初。抱着希望发现地平线之外东西的好奇心，早期的波利尼西亚人首次踏上了夏威夷海岸，而同样的好奇心则鼓舞今天的天文学家去探索天堂。那些要求拆除冒纳凯阿火山上所有望远镜或禁止未来所有发展的呼吁忽视了一个事实，那就是天文学和夏威夷文化都在探寻解答有关于我们是谁、我们来自哪里以及我们到哪里去这样的宏大问题。也许这就是我们探索繁星天空的原因，好像我们正在回应一个原始的召唤，去了解我们自己以及我们真正的祖先起源。

天文学界正在做出妥协，他们改变了对冒纳凯阿火山的使用方式。他们在岛上选了一个尽可能隐蔽的地方来修建30米望远镜观望台，并尽可能避免对考古和环境造成影响。为了限制冒纳凯阿火山上望远镜的数量，旧的望远镜在达到使

用年限时就会被移除，并让它们的原址回归到自然状态。因此，任何人都应被欢迎在冒纳凯阿火山拥抱他们的文化遗产，研究天空的繁星。

Text 3

Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures ―everything except that which makes life worthwhile.‖ With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.

The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?

A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.

While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.

This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very dif ferent .

So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes –all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.

The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.

31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he_________.

[A]praised the UK for its GDP

[B]identified GDP with happiness

[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP

[D]had a low opinion of GDP

32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that________.

[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern

[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK

[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy

[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP

33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?

[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries.

[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.

[C]Its criteria are questionable.

[D]Its results are enlightening.

34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that_________.

[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom

[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline

[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP

[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues

35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?

[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK Lesson

[B]GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health

[C]Rebort F. Kennedy,a Terminator of GDP

[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being

Text 3

全文翻译

罗伯特·肯尼迪曾说过，一个国家的GDP能衡量“除了使生活变得有意义的事之外的任何事物。”由于英国投票决定脱离欧盟，其GDP预计会出现下跌。现在是时候来思考肯尼迪所说的话了。

有关对GDP及其有用性的质疑已经困扰政策制定者超过半世纪了。许多人认为GDP是一个有瑕疵的概念。其衡量一些无关紧要的事物，而没有衡量一些重要的事物。最近的衡量结果表明，英国的GDP因其低失业率以及高增长而令西方世界羡慕。如果一切进展得如此顺利，那为什么1.7亿人在被警告说脱欧将会影响国家经济前景的情况下还要投票支持脱离欧盟呢？

最近一份调查了各国和它们将经济增长转换为幸福感能力的年度报告可能会对上述问题有一定的启示性作用。在163个被调查的国家中，英国在确保将增长转化为公民生活水平提升方面是表现得最差的国家之一。这次调查并没有将衡量重心放在GDP上，其还涉及到了包括健康、教育以及公民社会参与度等40多项不同的指标，以求对接受调查的国家的表现做一个更加全面的评估。

尽管这些国家都面临挑战，但仍然存在许多持续性的主题。确实，自2008年全球衰退以来，经济复苏缓慢，但主要经济体在医疗和教育领域的关键性指标呈现出继续下滑的态势。然而，这并不是所有国家面临的情况。一些相对贫困的欧洲国家在公民社会、收入平等以及环保等指标上都取得了显著的进步。

这是富裕国家需要学习的经验：当GDP不再被视为衡量国家成功的唯一标准时，这个世界会变得与众不同。

所以，肯尼迪的言外之意是，尽管GDP是最常用的衡量一个国家经济活动的方法之一，但作为衡量指标，GDP已经不够用了。其并不包括一些重要的因素，比如环境质量或教育成果这些能提升人类幸福感的事物。

意料中全世界及英国经济增长的受挫会导致我们幸福感和经济增长所依赖的日常服务有所下滑。但那些将重心重新放在如何提升幸福感上，而不是简单考虑GDP数据的政策制定者将会避开可以预见的风暴，并能看到进步。

Text 4

In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.

The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his ―official acts,‖ or the former governor’s decisions on ―specific‖ and ―unsettled‖ issues related to his duties.

Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.

The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is ―distasteful‖ and ―nasty.‖ But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an ―official act‖.

The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.―The basic compact underlying represen tative government,‖ wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,―assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.‖But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.

Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic

2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题(1)

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1.英译汉（75分） 该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile, or On Education）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。完整原文如下： The whole course of man's life up to adolescence is a period of weakness; yet there comes a time during these early years when the child's strength overtakes the demands upon it, when the growing creature, though absolutely weak, is relatively strong. His needs are not fully developed and his present strength is more than enough for them. He would be a very feeble man, but he is a strong child. What is the cause of man's weakness? It is to be found in the disproportion between his strength and his desires. It is our passions that make us weak, for our natural strength is not enough for their satisfaction. To limit our desires comes to the same thing, therefore, as to increase our strength. When we can do more than we want, we have strength enough and to spare, we are really strong. This is the third stage of childhood, the stage with which I am about to deal. I still speak of childhood for want of a better word; for our scholar is approaching adolescence, though he has not yet reached the age of puberty. About twelve or thirteen the child's strength increases far more rapidly than his needs. The strongest and fiercest of the passions is still unknown, his physical development is still imperfect and seems to await the call of the will. He is scarcely aware of extremes of heat and cold and braves them with impunity. He needs no coat, his blood is warm; no spices, hunger is his sauce, no food comes amiss at this age; if he is sleepy he stretches himself on the ground and goes to sleep; he finds all he needs within his reach; he is not tormented by any imaginary wants; he cares nothing what others think; his desires are not beyond his grasp; not only is he self-sufficing, but for the first and last time in his life he has more strength than he needs. I know beforehand what you will say. You will not assert that the child has more needs than I attribute to him, but you will deny his strength. You forget that I am speaking of my own pupil, not of those puppets who walk with difficulty from one room to another, who toil indoors and carry bundles of paper. Manly strength, you say, appears only with manhood; the vital spirits, distilled in their proper vessels and spreading through the whole body, can alone make the muscles firm, sensitive, tense, and springy, can alone cause real strength. This is the philosophy of the study;

英语翻译题目和答案

汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as +形容词/副词+ as） 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+名词） 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by +数词/百分比/倍数） 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double +名词） 二、时态6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）