英语A级考试语法大全

高等学校英语应用能力考试（A级）语法考点

英语A级语法大全：

第一节大学英语三级考试语法部分简介

一、大纲要求

大学英语三级考试大纲对语法的要求是：进一步加深和扩大中学学过的语法知识，侧重其在阅读和翻译中的应用。

二、考查范围

三级语法考题的涉及面广。考试范围为《浙江省高等学校英语三级考试大纲》所附结构表的内容。

在语法结构表中，详细列出了高等专科英语课程教学阶段需要进一步巩固加深的语法项目，主要涉及如下语法点：限定词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、动词、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、一致关系、句子种类(简单句、并列句和复合句)、强调句型、省略、倒装、构词法和标点等十七个方面。本书逐一介绍各类试题的设计特点(题型)及解题技巧。

在大学英语三级考试中，虽然题目千变万化，但是万变不离其宗，只要仔细分析，就会发现这些题目其实基本上都是时态、形容词与副词、名问、一致关系和虚拟语气、非谓语动词、倒装句、复合句(连接手段)的各种变化形式。本书在逐一介绍各类试题的设计特点(题型)及解题技巧的同时，还侧重对上述几类语法变化形式在历届真题中的考点作详细分析。

最常考点：非谓语动词，虚拟语气，名词性从句，倒装句（部倒），时态，词形转换

非谓语动词：

近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31。1%，平均每年近5道题，可谓是语法项目考查的重点，那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点，解答时又应注意些什么呢?下面我和大家就一起来分析一下：

1、非谓语动词考查特点

1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断

对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构，如：

All things ___ because of the snowstorm，many passengers could do nothing but take the train。

A had been canceled

B have been canceled

C were canceled

D having been canceled

四个选项中有三个是谓语动词，只有D是非谓语动词，只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语，则不用考虑时态的问题，答案自明。

2) 谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择

谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是四级语法测试中的一个题眼。如：

①I don‘t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late。

A You to delay making

B You delaying making

C You delaying to make

D You delay to make

②Had I remembered ____ the windows，the thief would not have got in。

A to close

B Closing

C to have closed

D having closed

③Your hair wants ______ 。you‘d better have it done tomorrow。

A cut

B to cut

C cutting

D being cut (1997,6)

这类题涉及三个方面：

谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词?

即可接不定式又可接动名词时，结构和意思上有何差别?

不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式?

3) 做定语的非谓语动词的选择

从近几年的考查情况来看，对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况：

(1)对一般概念的考查，而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如：

①the project ____ by the end of 2000，will expand the city‘s

telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users。

A accomplished

B being accomplished

C to be accomplished

D having been accomplished

②If I correct someone，I will do it with so much good humd

and self-restraint as if I were the one ______。

A to correct

B correcting

C having been corrected

D being corrected

同学们只要掌握非谓语动词作定语的一般的规律，就可以判断①题答案为c，②题答案为d。

(2)对固定结构的考查，如：

①the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his

arguments in favor of the new theory。

A to be based on

B to base on

C which to base on

D on which to base

②the pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic，but it

also puts them under a constant emotional strain。

A to compete

B competing

C to be competed

D having competed

①题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为d，②题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为a。在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means，way，time，moment，reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。

4) 做状语的非谓语动词的选择

做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如：

①______ the earth to be flat，many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth。

A having believed

B believing

C believed

D being believed

②_______ a teacher in a university，it is necessary to have at least a master‘s degree。

A to become

B become

C one becomes

D on becoming

③Realizing that he hadn’t enough money and ____ to borrow from his father，he decided to sell his watch。

A not wanted

B no to want

C not wanting

D wanting not

④___ it or not，his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles。

A believe

B to believe

C believing

D believed

从以上各题来看，考查的侧重点有：

(1)状语类别的判断

不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同，目的状语要求用不定式，如②。

(2)非谓语动词与句子属于之间的逻辑关系

根据主谓关系或动宾关系的不同来确定用现在分词还是用过去分词。

(3)非谓语动词的否定形式

not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前，如③。

(4) 独立成分

有些非谓语动词的使用不受与主语关系的限制，称为独立成分，这类成分只记忆即可。如：

generally speaking，judging from……，to tell the truth……，等

虚拟语气：

一．虚拟语气

1. if 句中虚拟形式

if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：

条件从句主句

与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do

与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do

与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done

例句

If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.

If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.

2. 原形虚拟：

a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。

suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do

例如He suggested that we should leave early.

My suggestion is that we should tell him.

b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/

例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.

3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：

1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…

例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.

2 would rather/sooner 宁愿

as if/ though 好像

would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反

as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反

练习

1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.

A. will；am

B. should；am

C. would；were

D. would；had been

2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.

A. were；would not

B. is；could not

C. were；could

D. did；could not

3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.

A. have not had；could not become

B. had not had；would not have become

C. did not have；could not become

D. doesn’t have；will not become

4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.

A. might have been killed；hadn’t come

B. will be killed；didn’t come

C. may be killed；did’t come

D. could be killed；haven’t come

5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.

A. were not；would not spend

B. is not；can not spend

C. had not been；would not have spent

D. have not been；will not spend

6. Where _______ you go if war _______?

A. will；breaks out

B. do；will break out

C. would；were to break out

D. will；is to break out

7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.

A. doesn’t do

B. didn’t do

C. haven’t done

D. hadn’t done

8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.

A. can be

B. be

C. is

D. will be

9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.

A. should go

B. must go

C. goes

D. went

10. It is time we _______do our homework.

A. begin to

B. can begin to

C. began to

D. will begin to

答案：

1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译文; 如果我是你，我会再试一次)

2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。)

3.选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。

4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。)

5. C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。)

6.选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？)

7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)

8. 选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。)

9. 选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is ／was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句)。

10. 选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that)...句型。(译文：我们该开始做作业了。) 二．动词的时态

2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配

一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。

always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时do/does am is are last week, yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时did was/ were next week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will do

now, at present, at this moment 现在进行时be +doing

so far, up to now, by the time, since的主句现在完成时has/have done

3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空

1. He _______ (be) eighteen next year.

2. It _______ (rain) every day so far this month.

3. Mozart _______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.

4. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow，we’ll have to stay at home.

5. How fast _______ he _______ (drive) when the accident happened?

6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he _______ (teach) that course for twenty-five years.

7. Perhaps he _______ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow.

1. 填will be。next year为表示将来时态的时间状语

2. 填has rained。so far是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。

3. 填wrote。Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。

4.填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。

5. 填was...driving。表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。

6. 填had taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。

7. 填will have finished。句中有by this time tomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。三动词的被动语态

1. The construction of the library_______ before the end of next month.

A. must have completed

B. must have been completed

C. must be completed

D. must complete

2. The subject of these lectures _______ by the lecture committee.

A. announces

B. have been announced

C. announced

D. has been announced

3. My pictures _______ until next week.

A. won’t develop

B. aren’t developing

C. don’t develop

D. won’t be developed

4. They _______ so that we wouldn’t recognize them.

A. costumed

B. disguised

C. were disguising

D.were disguised

5. All the apparatus (器械) _______ before the experiment began.

A. had been prepared

B. were prepared

C. had been prepared

D. had prepared

6. The world’s supplies of copper _______ .

A. have been gradually being exhausted

B. has gradually exhausted

C. are gradually exhausted

D. are being gradually exhausted

7. The goods _______ when we arrived at the airport.

A. were just unloading

B. were just being unloaded

C. had just unloaded

D. were just been unloaded

8. Tom _______ the best student in his class.

A. regards

B. regards as

C. has regarded as

D. is regarded as

9. The sports meeting _______ because of the bad weather.

A. put off

B. was put off

C. was putted off

D. has put off

1. C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。(译：到下月底图书馆的修建必须完工)

2.D现在完成时的被动语态为：have been+done (译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。)

3. D。一般将来时的被动语态为：will be+done，其否定形式为：will not be +done

4.D一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来,他们伪装了起来)

5. C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+过去分词。

6. D现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/am being+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽)

7.B。过去进行时的被动语态为：was／were being+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。)

8. D。(译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。)

9. B。(译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。)

四定语从句

1.定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。

例题：The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds，_______ could go penniless by next year.

A. the large one

B. the larger of which

C. the largest one

D. the largest of which

选B。因为前面有two，所以不能选D，A没有连接手段，也不能选。

三级试题中定语从句的考题：

1、I tried to get of the business _____ I found impossible to carry on.

A) why B)which C)what D)where

2、Once more I have to leave Beijing , _____ I have been living for eight years.

A) that B)where C)which D)as

3、This book is designed for the leaners_____native languages are not English.

A)whose B)which C)who D)what

4、She got to know the young man very well_____she had worked for so long.

A)to whom B)in whom C)whom D)with whom

5、The hotel_____during the vacation was rather poorly managed.

A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed

6、There are so many dresses there that I really don’t know____to choose.

A)whether B)when C)which D)why

7、I think that Anna is_____far the most active member in our group.

A)with B)at C)as D)by

五．倒装

1. 当only 放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装

例：Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。

Only yesterday did I finish the book. 到昨天我才读完那本书。

2. 具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装，助动词，情态动词放主语之前。常见的否定词有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly等。

例句：Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.

1、Olny when we had finished all the work_____that it was too late to take a bus home.

A)did we realize B)informing C)informed D)to inform

2、Not until the day before yesterday_____to give a speech at the meeting.

A)he agreed B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree

3、Y oung_____he is, he has proved to be an able sale sman.

A)that B)who C)as D)which

4、Not until yesterday_____anything about the project that will be completed soon.

A)did I learn B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I learnt

5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion_____frightened.

A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt

6、So_____after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night.

A)excited the mother was B)was the mother excited

C)the mother was excited D)excited was the mother

7、So loudly_____that people could hear it out in the street.

A)did the students play the music B)the students playing the music

C)the students played the music D)have the students played the music

六．it的用法

1.it作形式主语或者形式宾语

It is necessary for us to learn English. it这里指代to learn English

It was not very clear what she meant. it这里指代what she meant

2. it 在强调句型

强调句型的结构为：It is/was +被强调部分+ that(who) +句子的其余部分

练习1. It was only when I read his poems recently _______ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until

B. that

C. then

D. so

选B。强调句型强调when引导的时间状语从句。

2.It was about 600 years ago _______the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

A. that

B. until

C. before

D. when

选A。强调句型强调时间状语。

七．形容词比较级比较级最高级

1.不规则变法good/well better best

bad worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

2. 形容词比较级结构

(1) 形容词+than 例句：Real friendship is more valuable than money.

(2) the +形容词比较级，the + 形容词比较级例句：The more medicine I take, the worse I feel.

词组：

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump

2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界

7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?

37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water

38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原）将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表**的缩写eg: 陶is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

74 be worth doing 值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句

76 because+句子because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

82 by the end of 到……为止83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang

84 care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈take sb to + 地点带某人去某地

87 come in 进88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？

92 dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing /从句/名词不要介意……

99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成

+doing（名词）

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某eg: From me for her

113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since

132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否＝wether

eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东）

词形转换

词形变换归纳

一、动词→名词

01. accept → acceptance

02. appear → appearance

03. defend → defense

04. depend → dependence

05. dominate → dominance

06. emerge → emergence

07. endure → endurance

08. govern → governance

09. independ → independence

10. insist → insistence

11. maintain → maintenance

12. neglect → negligence

13. obey → obedience

14. offend → offense

15. persist → persistence

16. resist → resistance

17. analyze → analysis

18. base → basis

19. emphasize → emphasis

20. advise → advice

21. choose → choice

22. practise → practice

23. approve → approval

24. arrive → arrival

25. propose → proposal

26. believe → belief

27. prove → proof

28. bathe → bath

29. breathe → breath

30. die → death

31. grow → growth

32. heal → health

33. accomplish → accomplishment

34. achieve → achievement

35. advance → advancement

36. advertise → advertisement

37. agree → agreement

38. amaze → amazement

39. amuse → amusement

40. announce → announcement

41. appoint → appointment

42. argue → argument

43. astonish → astonishment

44. develop → development

45. disappoint → disappointment

46. employ → employment

47. encourage → encouragement

48. enjoy → enjoyment

49. enroll → enrollment

50. govern → government

51. improve → improvement

52. invest → investment

53. judge → judg(e)ment

54. manage → management

55. move → movement

56. state → statement

57. treat → treatment

58. act → action

59. add → addition

60. apply → application

61. assume → assumption

62. celebrate → celebration

63. construct → construction

64. consume → consumption

65. contribute → contribution

66. cooperate → cooperation

67. describe → description

68. devote → devotion

69. educate → education

70. explain → explanation

71. found → foundation

72. graduate → graduation

73. imagine → imagination

74. imply → implication

75. indicate → indication

76. inform → information

77. intend → intention

78. invite → invitation

79. isolate → isolation

80. liberate → liberation

81. limit → limitation

82. occupy → occupation

83. operate → operation

84. oppose → opposition

85. organize → organization

86. prepare → preparation

87. produce → production

88. pronounce → pronunciation

89. realize → realization

90. relax → relaxation

91. satisfy → satisfaction

92. separate → separation

93. suggest → suggestion

94. tempt → temptation

95. translate → translation

96. conclude → conclusion

97. confuse → confusion

98. decide → decision

99. discuss → discussion 100. exclude → exclusion 101. express → expression 102. impress → impression 103. include → inclusion 104. oppress → oppression 105. permit → permission 106. possess → possession 107. proceed → procession 108. build → building

109. mean → meaning

110. discover → discovery 111. recover → recovery 112. behave → behavior 113. fail → failure

114. forgive → forgiveness 115. identify → identity 116. know → knowledge 117. major → majority

118. marry → marriage

119. pass → passage

120. press → pressure

121. speak → speech

122. succeed → success 123. urge → urgency

124. vary → variety

125. weigh → weight

二、形容词→动词

01. able → enable

02. rich → enrich

03. sure → ensure

04. long → lengthen

05. strong → strengthen

06. high → heighten

07. broad → broaden

08. soft → soften

09. weak → weaken

10. wide → widen

三、名词→形容词

01. anger → angry

02. cloud → cloudy

03. dirt → dirty

04. friend → friendly

05. fun → funny

06. heart → hearty

07. hunger → hungry

08. health → healthy

09. luck → lucky

10. noise → noisy

11. rain → rainy

12. salt → salty

13. sleep → sleepy

14. snow → snowy

15. sun → sunny

16. taste → tasty

17. time → timely

18. wind → windy

19. worth → worthy

20. beauty → beautiful

21. care → careful

22. colo(u)r → colo(u)rful

23. dread → dreadful

24. fear → fearful

25. harm → harmful

26. help → helpful

27. joy → joyful

28. law → lawful

29. power → powerful

30. success → successful

31. thank → thankful

32. use → useful

33. wonder → wonderful

34. youth → youthful

35. anxiety → anxious

36. danger → dangerous

37. glory → glorious

38. mountain → mountainous

39. mystery → mysterious

40. nerve → nervous

41. poison → poisonous

42. atom → atomic

43. basis → basic

44. class → classic / classical

45. economy → economic / economical

46. electron → electronic

47. history → historic / historical

48. scene → scenic

49. science → scientific

50. accident → accidental

51. benefit → beneficial

52. biology → biological

53. chemistry → chemical

54. digit → digital

55. education → educational

56. globe → global

57. habit → habitual

58. industry → industrial

59. logic → logical

60. nation → national

61. nature → natural

62. occasion → occasional

63. person → personal

64. ration → rational

65. region → regional

66. season → seasonal

67. society → social / sociable

68. technology → technological

69. tradition → traditional

70. activity → active

71. effect → effective

72. defense → defensive

73. difference → different

74. intelligence → intelligent

75. ability → able

76. capability → capable

77. hono(u)r → hono(u)rable

78. horror → horrible

79. reason → reasonable

80. value → valuable

81. fool → foolish

82. fortune → fortunate

83. wool → woolen

84. amazement → amazing / amazed

85. astonishment→ astonishing/astonished

86. depression → depressing / depressed

87. excitement → exciting / excited

88. interest → interesting / interested

89. surprise → surprising / surprised

90. pleasure → pleasing / pleased

四、形容词→名词

01. active → activity

02. brave → bravery

03. careful → carefulness

04. careless → carelessness

05. cautious → caution

06. cruel → cruelty

07. dark → darkness

08. deep → depth

09. difficult → difficulty

10. free → freedom

11. high → height

12. happy → happiness

13. ill → illness

14. long → length

15. real → reality

16. sad → sadness

17. safe → safety

18. strong → strength

19. true → truth

20. wide → width

五、动词→名词（表示人）

01. act → actor / actress

02. wait → waiter / waitress

03. employ → employer / employee

04. interview → interviewer / interviewee

05. train → trainer / trainee

06. advise → adviser

07. analyze → analyst

09. assist → assistant

10. build → builder

11. clean → cleaner

12. collect → collector

13. create → creator

14. dance → dancer

15. detect → detective

16. discover → discoverer

17. direct → director

18. drive → driver

19. edit → editor

20. educate → educator

21. farm → farmer

22. invent → inventor

23. invest → investor

24. learn → learner

25. manage → manager

26. organize → organizer

27. participate → participant

28. play → player

29. produce → producer

30. run → runner

31. serve → servant

32. sing → singer

33. speak → speaker

34. swim → swimmer

35. teach → teacher

36. translate → translator

37. travel → traveler

38. type → typist

39. visit → visitor

40. win → winner

六、名词单、复数（特殊）

01. datum → data

02. medium→ media

03. phenomenon → phenomena

04. belief → beliefs

05. chief → chiefs

06. roof → roofs

07. proof → proofs

08. key → keys

09. toy → toys

11. hero → heroes

12. Negro→ Negroes

13. potato → potatoes

14. tomato → tomatoes

15. foot → feet

16. tooth → teeth

17. mouse → mice

18. child→ children

19. means → means

20. sheep → sheep

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小学五年级英语必须掌握的一些英语语法知识 一、时态 1、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：often （经常）,usually （通常）,always （总是）, sometimes （有时），every week （day, year, month ...）, on Sundays,… 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am / is / are + not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为 动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问， 如主语为第三人称单数，则用does,同时，还原行为动词。 2、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, look, listen, … 基本结构：am/is/are ＋doing 否定形式：am/is/are ＋not＋doing 一般疑问句：把be 动词放在句首

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