rfc4404.Definitions of Managed Objects for Fibre Channel Over TCP IP (FCIP)
Network Working Group R. Natarajan Request for Comments: 4404 F5 Networks Category: Standards Track A. Rijhsinghani Accton Technology Corporation February 2006 Definitions of Managed Objects for Fibre Channel Over TCP/IP (FCIP)
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
Abstract
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP-based internets. In particular, it defines objects for managing Fibre Channel Over
TCP/IP (FCIP) entities, which are used to interconnect Fibre Channel (FC) fabrics with IP networks.
Table of Contents
1. The Internet-Standard Management Framework (2)
2. Overview of FCIP Management Model (2)
3. Relationship to Other MIBs (4)
4. MIB Definitions (6)
5. Security Considerations (29)
6. IANA Considerations (30)
7. Acknowledgements (30)
8. Normative References (30)
9. Informative References (31)
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 1]
1. The Internet-Standard Management Framework
For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base or MIB. MIB objects are generally
accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
Structure of Management Information (SMI). This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
[RFC2580].
2. Overview of FCIP Management Model
Note that the Fibre Channel Over TCP/IP (FCIP) Entity is fully
described in [RFC3821] from a functional point of view. A collection of multiple instances of FCIP Entities and the corresponding FC
Entities, described in [FCBB2], within an SNMP Context is referred to as an FCIP device here. This section describes FCIP from a
management point of view.
+------------------------------------------+
| FCIP Device |
| |
| +-----------+ +-----------+ |
| |FCIP Entity| |FCIP Entity| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| +--+--+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+ |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| FCIP Links FCIP Links |
| |
+------------------------------------------+
The FCIP device provides an IP-based interconnection model for
interconnecting FC fabric elements. In this model, the FCIP devices along with the IP network on which they are running provide a new
FCIP transport network.
This IP-based FCIP Interconnection Model supports the following
topology:
o The FCIP-based transport network is formed by interconnecting the
FCIP devices.
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 2]
o Each FCIP device has one or more FCIP Entities or Instances.
o Peer FCIP Entities are connected by FCIP Links attached to
VE_ports/B_Access.
o Each FCIP Link Endpoint contains one or more Data Engines.
o The FCIP device can work as a stand-alone box or as part of a FC
fabric element.
Each FCIP Entity managed by this MIB is referred to as an FCIP
Instance. The MIB is broken up as follows:
2.1. FCIP Entity Instances Table
The FCIP Entity table contains information about this entity’s
existing instances of FCIP entities.
2.2. FCIP Link Table
The FCIP link table contains information about this FCIP device’s
existing FCIP links.
2.3. FCIP TCP Connection Table
The FCIP TCP Connection table contains information about existing TCP connections. Each FCIP link within an FCIP entity contains one or
more TCP connections. The FCIP entity employs a Data Engine for each TCP connection for handling FC frame encapsulation, de-encapsulation, and transmission of FCIP frames on the connection.
2.4. FCIP Dynamic Route Table
The FCIP dynamic route table contains routing information that is
dynamically discovered by this FCIP device. The FCIP device may use the SLPv2 protocol [RFC3822] in conjunction with other protocols,
such as Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF), to dynamically discover
other FCIP entities and populate this table to map destination
domains to FCIP Links.
2.5. FCIP Static Route Table
The FCIP static route table contains routing information that is
statically configured into this FCIP device by the Network Admin. In the absence of dynamic discovery of remote FCIP entities, the Network Manager can configure remote domains and FCIP Entities that are
reachable by this device into this table.
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 3]
At any point in time, both the static and dynamic routing tables can be active. If a DID is present in both tables, information in the
static route table will take precedence over the entry in the dynamic route table for the same DID.
2.6. FCIP Discovery Domain Table
The FCIP Discovery Domain Table maps this device’s FCIP Entities into FCIP Discovery Domains.
2.7. FCIP Link Error Table
The FCIP Link Errors Table contains counters that indicate error
conditions on an FCIP Link.
3. Relationship to Other MIBs
Objects accessible from other MIB modules applicable to FCIP devices have not been included in this MIB module. The following subsections list all applicable MIB modules that should be present with FCIP-
MGMT-MIB.
3.1. Relationship to the ’TCP’ Group
This group is mandatory for all systems that implement TCP. Objects relevant to TCP must be obtained from this group [RFC4022].
3.2. Relationship to the ’interfaces’ MIB
The ’interfaces’ group is defined as being mandatory for all systems and contains information on an entity’s interfaces. Each
logical/virtual interface created as an FCIP Link should be
represented as a row in the ifTable with a unique ifIndex value and a value of ifType ’fcipLink’ (224) for each such interface. For a
complete list of interface types, refer to the IANA registry at
"https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b16089378.html,/assignments/smi-numbers". These are the only
ifIndex values of relevance to an FCIP Entity because FCIP runs on
top of TCP/IP.
FCIP runs over TCP. Thus, by definition, there is no ifTable
interface directly beneath it, and so ifStackLowerLayer is always 0. For any protocol using FCIP (i.e., above FCIP), FCIP appears to be a regular FC interface. As stated in [RFC4044], a regular "FC
interface will typically have no other ifTable rows stacked on top of it", and thus, ifStackHigherLayer is typically zero.
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 4]
3.3. Relationship to the Fibre Channel Management MIB
The Fibre Channel Management MIB [RFC4044] is assumed for FC
functionality managed objects.
3.4. Specific Interface Group MIB Objects
The following table provides specific implementation guidelines for
applying the objects defined in the Interfaces Group MIB to FCIP
Links. For those objects not listed here, refer to their generic
definitions in [RFC2863].
Object Guidelines
ifType ’fcipLink’ (224)
ifSpeed The ifSpeed for the physical interface(s)
over which the FCIP Link runs.
ifPhysAddress There is no physical address corresponding
to an FCIP Link (only World Wide Name, WWN). Reported as 0.
ifAdminStatus Write access is not required, and support
for ’testing’ is not required.
ifOperStatus Support for ’testing’ is not required.
The value ’dormant’ has no meaning for
FCIP Links.
ifInOctets The number of octets of FCIP information
ifHCInOctets contained in received frames in TCP
streams, starting with FCIP header.
ifInUcastPkts The number of FCIP frames received
ifHCInUcastPkts on this FCIP Link.
ifOutOctets The number of octets of FCIP information
ifHCOutOctets contained in transmitted frames in TCP
streams, starting with FCIP header.
ifOutUcastPkts The number of FCIP frames transmitted
ifHCOutUcastPkts on this FCIP Link.
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 5]
ifInMulticastPkts These counters are not incremented.
ifInBroadcastPkts
ifOutMulticastPkts
ifOutBroadcastPkts
ifHCInMulticastPkts
ifHCInBroadcastPkts
ifHCOutMulticastPkts
ifHCOutBroadcastPkts
ifLinkUpDownTrapEnable Default is ’disabled’.
ifPromiscuousMode This will be ’false’.
ifConnectorPresent This will be ’false’.
4. MIB Definitions
The following MIB module has IMPORTS from [RFC2578], [RFC2579],
[RFC4001], [RFC4044], [RFC2863], [RFC2580], and [RFC3411]. In
REFERENCE clauses, it refers to [FC-SW-3], [RFC3821], [RFC2883],
[RFC1323], [RFC2474] and [RFC3822].
FCIP-MGMT-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
OBJECT-TYPE,
MODULE-IDENTITY,
Unsigned32,
Counter32,
mib-2 FROM SNMPv2-SMI
TEXTUAL-CONVENTION,
TruthValue, RowStatus, TimeStamp FROM SNMPv2-TC
InetAddressType,
InetAddress,
InetPortNumber FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB
FcNameIdOrZero FROM FC-MGMT-MIB
InterfaceIndex FROM IF-MIB
MODULE-COMPLIANCE,
OBJECT-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF
SnmpAdminString FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB;
fcipMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "200602060000Z"
ORGANIZATION "IETF IPFC Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO "Anil Rijhsinghani
Accton Technology Corporation
5 Mount Royal Ave
Marlboro, MA 01752 USA.
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 6]
Ravi Natarajan
F5 Networks
2460 North First Street, Suite 100
San Jose, CA 95131 USA."
DESCRIPTION
"The module defines management information specific to
FCIP devices.
Copyright(C) The Internet Society (2006). This version
of this MIB module is part of RFC 4404; see the RFC
itself for full legal notices."
REVISION "200602060000Z"
DESCRIPTION
"Initial version of this module, published as RFC 4404."
::= { mib-2 224 }
fcipObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { fcipMIB 1 }
fcipConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { fcipMIB 2 }
fcipConfig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { fcipObjects 1 }
-- ****************************************************************** -- Textual conventions
--
FcipDomainIdInOctetForm ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The Domain ID of a FC entity in octet form
to support the concatenation(000000h||Domain_ID)
format defined in the FSPF routing protocol."
REFERENCE
"FC-SW-3 section 4.8"
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(1))
FcipEntityMode ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of port mode provided by an FCIP Entity
for an FCIP Link. An FCIP Entity can be an E-Port
mode for one of its FCIP Link Endpoints or a B-Port
mode for another of its FCIP Link Endpoints."
REFERENCE
"FC-BB, rev 4.7, 2 May 1997, section 3."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
ePortMode(1),
bPortMode(2)
}
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 7]
FcipEntityId ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The FCIP entity identifier as defined in RFC 3821."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3821, Section 7.1, FCIP Special Frame Format"
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(8))
-- ****************************************************************** -- The FCIP group
--
-- This group defines the global scalar objects applicable to FCIP
-- devices only
--
fcipDynIpConfType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
slpv2(1),
none(2)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of discovery protocol used to discover remote
FCIP entities. The value of this object is persistent
across system restarts."
::= { fcipConfig 1 }
fcipDeviceWWN OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcNameIdOrZero
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The World Wide Name of this FCIP device."
::= { fcipConfig 2 }
fcipEntitySACKOption OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
enabled(1),
disabled(2)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indication of whether the TCP Selective Acknowledgement
Option is enabled at this FCIP device to let the receiver
acknowledge multiple lost packets in a single ACK for faster Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 8]
recovery."
REFERENCE
"The Selective Ack option is defined in RFC 2883."
::= { fcipConfig 3 }
-- ****************************************************************** -- The FCIP Entity Table
--
fcipEntityInstanceTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipEntityInstanceEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about this FCIP device’s existing instances of
FCIP entities."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3821, Section 5.4, FCIP Entity"
::= { fcipConfig 4 }
fcipEntityInstanceEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipEntityInstanceEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP entity table with information
about a particular FCIP entity. Once a row has been
created, it is non-volatile across agent restarts until it
is deleted."
INDEX { fcipEntityId }
::= { fcipEntityInstanceTable 1 }
FcipEntityInstanceEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipEntityId FcipEntityId,
fcipEntityName SnmpAdminString,
fcipEntityAddressType InetAddressType,
fcipEntityAddress InetAddress,
fcipEntityTcpConnPort InetPortNumber,
fcipEntitySeqNumWrap TruthValue,
fcipEntityPHBSupport TruthValue,
fcipEntityStatus RowStatus
}
fcipEntityId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipEntityId
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 9]
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The FCIP entity identifier."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3821, Section 7.1, FCIP Special Frame Format"
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 1 }
fcipEntityName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..32))
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An administratively-assigned name for this FCIP entity."
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 2 }
fcipEntityAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of Internet address by which the entity is
reachable. Only address types IPv4 and IPv6 are supported." ::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 3 }
fcipEntityAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The Internet address for the entity, if configured. The
format of this address is determined by the value of the
fcipEntityAddressType object."
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 4 }
fcipEntityTcpConnPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetPortNumber
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A TCP port other than the FCIP Well-Known port on which the FCIP entity listens for new TCP connection requests. It
contains the value zero(0) if the FCIP Entity only listens
on the Well-Known port."
DEFVAL { 0 }
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 5 }
fcipEntitySeqNumWrap OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 10]
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An indication of whether the FCIP Entity supports protection against sequence number wrap."
REFERENCE
"The PAWS option is defined in RFC 1323."
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 6 }
fcipEntityPHBSupport OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An indication of whether the FCIP Entity supports PHB IP
quality of service (QoS)."
REFERENCE
"Per hop behavior is defined in RFC 2474, definition of the
Differentiated Services Field."
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 7 }
fcipEntityStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object specifies the operational status of the row.
When a management station sets the status to active(1), then the values for the objects fcipEntityName,
fcipEntityAddressType, and fcipEntityAddress should be
supplied as part of the set request. The values of the
objects fcipEntityName, fcipEntityAddressType, and
fcipEntityAddress can be changed if the row status is in
active state. The object fcipEntityTcpConnPort takes the
default value zero(0), if no value is supplied at the time
of row creation.
Setting the status to destroy(6) deletes the specified FCIP entity instance row from the table. It also deletes all the rows corresponding to the specified FCIP entity from the
fcipLinkTable and fcipTcpConnTable tables."
::= { fcipEntityInstanceEntry 8 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 11]
-- ****************************************************************** -- The FCIP Link Table
--
fcipLinkTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipLinkEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about FCIP links that exist on this device."
::= { fcipConfig 5 }
fcipLinkEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipLinkEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP link table containing
information about a particular FCIP link. The values of the read-create objects in this table are persistent across
system restarts."
INDEX { fcipEntityId, fcipLinkIndex }
::= { fcipLinkTable 1 }
FcipLinkEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipLinkIndex Unsigned32,
fcipLinkIfIndex InterfaceIndex,
fcipLinkCost Unsigned32,
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityMode FcipEntityMode,
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddressType InetAddressType, fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddress InetAddress,
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityWWN FcNameIdOrZero,
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityId FcipEntityId,
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddressType InetAddressType, fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddress InetAddress,
fcipLinkStatus RowStatus,
fcipLinkCreateTime TimeStamp
}
fcipLinkIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An arbitrary integer that uniquely identifies one FCIP link within an FCIP entity."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 1 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 12]
fcipLinkIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndex
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The ifIndex value of the virtual interface corresponding to the FCIP Link running over TCP/IP."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 2 }
fcipLinkCost OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The FSPF cost associated with this FCIP Link."
DEFVAL { 0 }
::= { fcipLinkEntry 3 }
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityMode OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipEntityMode
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The mode of the local end of the FCIP link."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 4 }
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of Internet address contained in the corresponding instance of fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddress. Only address
types IPv4 and IPv6 are supported."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 5 }
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The Internet address for the local end of this FCIP Link.
The format of this object is determined by the value of the fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddressType object."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 6 }
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityWWN OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcNameIdOrZero
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 13]
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The World Wide Name of the remote FC Fabric Entity."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3821, Section 7.1, FCIP Special Frame Format"
::= { fcipLinkEntry 7 }
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipEntityId
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The remote FCIP entity’s identifier."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3821, Section 7.1, FCIP Special Frame Format"
::= { fcipLinkEntry 8 }
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The type of Internet address contained in the corresponding instance of fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddress. Only address
types IPv4 and IPv6 are supported."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 9 }
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The Internet address for the remote end of this FCIP Link.
The format of this object is determined by the value of the fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddressType object."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 10 }
fcipLinkStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object specifies the operational status of the row.
The values of objects fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddressType,
fcipLinkLocalFcipEntityAddress, fcipLinkRemFcipEntityWWN,
fcipLinkRemFcipEntityId, fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddressType, Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 14]
and fcipLinkRemFcipEntityAddress can be changed if the row
is in active(1) state. The object fcipLinkCost is set to
the value zero(0) if no value is supplied at the time of row creation.
Setting the status to destroy(6) deletes the specified FCIP link from the table. It also deletes all rows corresponding to the specified FCIP link from the fcipTcpConnTable table." ::= { fcipLinkEntry 11 }
fcipLinkCreateTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeStamp
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of sysUpTime when this entry was last created."
::= { fcipLinkEntry 12 }
-- ****************************************************************** -- The TCP Connection Table
--
fcipTcpConnTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipTcpConnEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about existing TCP connections. Each FCIP link within an FCIP entity manages one or more TCP connections.
The FCIP entity employs a Data Engine for each TCP
connection for handling FC frame encapsulation,
de-encapsulation, and transmission of FCIP frames on the
connection."
::= { fcipConfig 6 }
fcipTcpConnEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipTcpConnEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP TCP Connection table containing information about a particular TCP connection."
INDEX { fcipEntityId,
fcipLinkIndex,
fcipTcpConnLocalPort,
fcipTcpConnRemPort}
::= { fcipTcpConnTable 1 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 15]
FcipTcpConnEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipTcpConnLocalPort InetPortNumber,
fcipTcpConnRemPort InetPortNumber,
fcipTcpConnRWSize Unsigned32,
fcipTcpConnMSS Unsigned32
}
fcipTcpConnLocalPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetPortNumber
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The local port number for this TCP connection."
::= { fcipTcpConnEntry 1 }
fcipTcpConnRemPort OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetPortNumber
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The remote port number for this TCP connection."
::= { fcipTcpConnEntry 2 }
fcipTcpConnRWSize OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The default maximum TCP Receiver Window size for this TCP
connection."
::= { fcipTcpConnEntry 3 }
fcipTcpConnMSS OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The TCP Maximum Segment Size (MSS) for this TCP connection." ::= { fcipTcpConnEntry 4 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 16]
-- ****************************************************************** -- The Dynamic Route Table
--
fcipDynamicRouteTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipDynamicRouteEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about dynamically discovered routing
information. The FCIP device may use the SLPv2 protocol in conjunction with other protocols (say, FSPF) for dynamically discovering other FCIP entities and may populate this table with FCIP link information for each Destination Address
Identifier."
::= { fcipConfig 7 }
fcipDynamicRouteEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipDynamicRouteEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP Dynamic Route Table containing information about a particular FCIP route."
INDEX { fcipEntityId, fcipDynamicRouteDID }
::= { fcipDynamicRouteTable 1 }
FcipDynamicRouteEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipDynamicRouteDID FcipDomainIdInOctetForm, fcipDynamicRouteLinkIndex Unsigned32
}
fcipDynamicRouteDID OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipDomainIdInOctetForm
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"8-bit ID of a Fibre Channel Domain that is reachable from
this FCIP device."
::= { fcipDynamicRouteEntry 1 }
fcipDynamicRouteLinkIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The FCIP Link used to reach the domain specified by the Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 17]
corresponding instance of fcipDynamicRouteDID. The link
identified by a value of this object is the same FCIP link
as identified by the same value of fcipLinkIndex for the
same FCIP entity."
::= { fcipDynamicRouteEntry 2 }
-- ****************************************************************** -- The Static Route Table
--
fcipStaticRouteTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipStaticRouteEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about static route entries configured by the
Network Admin. In the absence of dynamic discovery of
remote FCIP entities, the Network Manager will figure out
all remote FCIP devices that are reachable from this device and populate this table with FCIP link information for each Domain ID. At any time, both static and dynamic routing
can be active, and an entry in the static route table for a given DID takes precedence over the entry in the dynamic
route table for the same Domain ID."
::= { fcipConfig 8 }
fcipStaticRouteEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipStaticRouteEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP Static Route Table containing
information about a particular FCIP route. The values of
the read-create objects in this table are persistent across system restarts."
INDEX { fcipEntityId, fcipStaticRouteDID }
::= { fcipStaticRouteTable 1 }
FcipStaticRouteEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipStaticRouteDID FcipDomainIdInOctetForm, fcipStaticRouteLinkIndex Unsigned32,
fcipStaticRouteStatus RowStatus
}
fcipStaticRouteDID OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipDomainIdInOctetForm
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 18]
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"8-bit ID of a Fibre Channel Domain that is reachable from
this FCIP device."
::= { fcipStaticRouteEntry 1 }
fcipStaticRouteLinkIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The FCIP Link used to reach the domain specified by the
corresponding instance of fcipStaticRouteDID. The link
identified by a value of this object is the same FCIP link
as identified by the same value of fcipLinkIndex for the
same FCIP entity."
::= { fcipStaticRouteEntry 2 }
fcipStaticRouteStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus
MAX-ACCESS read-create
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object specifies the operational status of the row.
When a management station sets the status to active(1),
the values for the object fcipStaticRouteLinkIndex should be supplied as part of the set request.
Setting the status to destroy(6) deletes the specified FCIP static route entry from the table."
::= { fcipStaticRouteEntry 3 }
-- ****************************************************************** -- The FCIP Discovery Domain Table
--
fcipDiscoveryDomainTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF FcipDiscoveryDomainEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Information about FCIP Discovery Domains. Each FCIP
Discovery Domain is associated with one or more FCIP
entities."
::= { fcipConfig 9 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 19]
fcipDiscoveryDomainEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX FcipDiscoveryDomainEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A conceptual row of the FCIP Discovery Domain Table
containing information about a particular FCIP Discovery
Domain that is associated with one or more FCIP entities.
The values of the read-write object fcipDiscoveryDomainName are persistent across system restarts."
INDEX { fcipEntityId, fcipDiscoveryDomainIndex }
::= { fcipDiscoveryDomainTable 1 }
FcipDiscoveryDomainEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
fcipDiscoveryDomainIndex Unsigned32,
fcipDiscoveryDomainName SnmpAdminString
}
fcipDiscoveryDomainIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer that uniquely identifies an FCIP Discovery Domain associated with this FCIP entity."
::= { fcipDiscoveryDomainEntry 1 }
fcipDiscoveryDomainName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..128))
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The name of this FCIP Discovery Domain."
REFERENCE
"RFC 3822, Section 4.1.1, FCIP Discovery Domains"
::= { fcipDiscoveryDomainEntry 2 }
Natarajan & Rijhsinghani Standards Track [Page 20]
关于时间管理的英语作文 manage time
How to manage time Time treats everyone fairly that we all have 24 hours per day. Some of us are capable to make good use of time while some find it hard to do so. Knowing how to manage them is essential in our life. Take myself as an example. When I was still a senior high student, I was fully occupied with my studies. Therefore, I hardly had spare time to have fun or develop my hobbies. But things were changed after I entered university. I got more free time than ever before. But ironically, I found it difficult to adjust this kind of brand-new school life and there was no such thing called time management on my mind. It was not until the second year that I realized I had wasted my whole year doing nothing. I could have taken up a Spanish course. I could have read ten books about the stories of successful people. I could have applied for a part-time job to earn some working experiences. B ut I didn’t spend my time on any of them. I felt guilty whenever I looked back to the moments that I just sat around doing nothing. It’s said that better late than never. At least I had the consciousness that I should stop wasting my time. Making up my mind is the first step for me to learn to manage my time. Next, I wrote a timetable, setting some targets that I had to finish each day. For instance, on Monday, I must read two pieces of news and review all the lessons that I have learnt on that day. By the way, the daily plan that I made was flexible. If there’s something unexpected that I had to finish first, I would reduce the time for resting or delay my target to the next day. Also, I would try to achieve those targets ahead of time that I planed so that I could reserve some more time to relax or do something out of my plan. At the beginning, it’s kind of difficult to s tick to the plan. But as time went by, having a plan for time in advance became a part of my life. At the same time, I gradually became a well-organized person. Now I’ve grasped the time management skill and I’m able to use my time efficiently.
英语演讲稿：未来的工作
英语演讲稿：未来的工作 这篇《英语演讲稿范文：未来的工作》，是特地，希望对大家有所帮助！ 热门演讲推荐：竞聘演讲稿 | 国旗下演讲稿 | 英语演讲稿 | 师德师风演讲稿 | 年会主持词 | 领导致辞 everybody good afternoon:. first of all thank the teacher gave me a story in my own future ideal job. everyone has a dream job. my dream is to bee a boss, own a pany. in order to achieve my dreams, i need to find a good job, to accumulate some experience and wealth, it is the necessary things of course, in the school good achievement and rich knowledge is also very important. good achievement and rich experience can let me work to make the right choice, have more opportunities and achievements. at the same time, munication is very important, because it determines whether my pany has a good future development. so i need to exercise their municative ability. i need to use all of the free time to learn
关于坚持的英语演讲稿
关于坚持的英语演讲稿 Results are not important, but they can persist for many years as a commemoration of. Many years ago, as a result of habits and overeating formed one of obesity, as well as indicators of overall physical disorders, so that affects my work and life. In friends to encourage and supervise, the participated in the team Now considered to have been more than three years, neither the fine rain, regardless of winter heat, a day out with 5:00 time. The beginning, have been discouraged, suffering, and disappointment, but in the end of the urging of friends, to re-get up, stand on the playground. 成绩并不重要，但可以作为坚持多年晨跑的一个纪念。多年前，由于庸懒习惯和暴饮暴食，形成了一身的肥胖，以及体检指标的全盘失常，以致于影响到了我的工作和生活。在好友的鼓励和督促下，参加了晨跑队伍。现在算来，已经三年多了，无论天晴下雨，不管寒冬酷暑，每天五点准时起来出门晨跑。开始时，也曾气馁过、痛苦过、失望过，但最后都在好友们的催促下，重新爬起来，站到了操场上。 In fact, I did not build big, nor strong muscles, not a sport-born people. Over the past few years to adhere to it, because I have a team behind, the strength of a strongteam here, very grateful to our team, for a long time, we encourage each other, and with sweat, enjoying common health happy. For example, Friends of the several run in order to maintain order and unable to attend the 10，000 meters race, and they are always concerned about the brothers and promptly inform the place and time, gives us confidence and courage. At the same time, also came on their own inner desire and pursuit for a good health, who wrote many of their own log in order to refuel for their own, and inspiring. 其实我没有高大身材，也没健壮肌肉，天生不属于运动型的人。几年来能够坚持下来，因为我的背后有一个团队，有着强大团队的力量，在这里，非常感谢我们的晨跑队，长期以来，我们相互鼓励着，一起流汗，共同享受着健康带来的快
关于管理的英语演讲
1.How to build a business that lasts100years 0:11Imagine that you are a product designer.And you've designed a product,a new type of product,called the human immune system.You're pitching this product to a skeptical,strictly no-nonsense manager.Let's call him Bob.I think we all know at least one Bob,right?How would that go? 0:34Bob,I've got this incredible idea for a completely new type of personal health product.It's called the human immune system.I can see from your face that you're having some problems with this.Don't worry.I know it's very complicated.I don't want to take you through the gory details,I just want to tell you about some of the amazing features of this product.First of all,it cleverly uses redundancy by having millions of copies of each component--leukocytes,white blood cells--before they're actually needed,to create a massive buffer against the unexpected.And it cleverly leverages diversity by having not just leukocytes but B cells,T cells,natural killer cells,antibodies.The components don't really matter.The point is that together,this diversity of different approaches can cope with more or less anything that evolution has been able to throw up.And the design is completely modular.You have the surface barrier of the human skin,you have the very rapidly reacting innate immune system and then you have the highly targeted adaptive immune system.The point is,that if one system fails,another can take over,creating a virtually foolproof system. 1:54I can see I'm losing you,Bob,but stay with me,because here is the really killer feature.The product is completely adaptive.It's able to actually develop targeted antibodies to threats that it's never even met before.It actually also does this with incredible prudence,detecting and reacting to every tiny threat,and furthermore, remembering every previous threat,in case they are ever encountered again.What I'm pitching you today is actually not a stand-alone product.The product is embedded in the larger system of the human body,and it works in complete harmony with that system,to create this unprecedented level of biological protection.So Bob,just tell me honestly,what do you think of my product? 2:47And Bob may say something like,I sincerely appreciate the effort and passion that have gone into your presentation,blah blah blah-- 2:56(Laughter) 2:58But honestly,it's total nonsense.You seem to be saying that the key selling points of your product are that it is inefficient and complex.Didn't they teach you 80-20?And furthermore,you're saying that this product is siloed.It overreacts, makes things up as it goes along and is actually designed for somebody else's benefit. I'm sorry to break it to you,but I don't think this one is a winner.
关于工作的优秀英语演讲稿
关于工作的优秀英语演讲稿 Different people have various ambitions. Some want to be engineers or doctors in the future. Some want to be scientists or businessmen. Still some wish to be teachers or lawers when they grow up in the days to come. Unlike other people, I prefer to be a farmer. However, it is not easy to be a farmer for Iwill be looked upon by others. Anyway,what I am trying to do is to make great contributions to agriculture. It is well known that farming is the basic of the country. Above all, farming is not only a challenge but also a good opportunity for the young. We can also make a big profit by growing vegetables and food in a scientific way. Besides we can apply what we have learned in school to farming. Thus our countryside will become more and more properous. I believe that any man with knowledge can do whatever they can so long as this job can meet his or her interest. All the working position can provide him with a good chance to become a talent. 1 ————来源网络整理，仅供供参考
立春节气的特点是什么_二十四节气立春特点
立春节气的特点是什么_二十四节气立春特点 二十四节气，每一个节气都代表着季节气候的转变。立春是春天的头一个节气，那么大家知道立春节气会有哪些特征变化吗?下面是小编给大家整理的有关立春节气的特点，欢迎大家来参阅。 立春的节气特点 每年2月4日前后，太阳到达黄经315度时交立春节气。“立春”是预示季节转换的节气。这个节气，早在战国末期(约公元前239年)就确定了。 “立春”是二十四节气中的第一个节气。在古时，古人认为，春季开始叫“立春”，夏季开始叫“立夏”，秋季开始叫“立秋”，冬季开始叫“立冬”。其农事意义是“春种、夏长、秋收、冬藏”。 春夏秋冬，以春为首。春季六节气，“立春”居先，标志着春天的到来、四季的开始，这是古时的说法。 立春物候 立春第一候是“东风解冻”，东风送暖，化解了大地冰封已久的寒冻。第二候是“蛰虫始振”，“蛰”是隐藏的意思，指潜伏在地下的小虫都自冬眠中苏醒过来。第三候是“鱼陟负冰”，陟是上升的意思，鱼儿囚为水温渐暖，所以竞相浮游到水面，但水中仍有未溶解的碎冰。在岸上观看，就如同鱼儿背负着冰块在水中游动。 立春气候
从现代气候学标准看，以“立春”作为春季的开始，不能和当时全国各地的自然物 候现象(即春季应有的景象)吻合。如2月初“立春”后，我国华南已经花红柳绿了，然而 华北大地仍会大雪纷飞。现在比较科学的划分，是把候(5天为一候)平均气温在10摄 氏度以上的始日，作为春季开始。 相连的广州起步北上，开始旅程，2月中旬先是到了昆明、下旬则越过云贵高原 进人四川盆地，3月中旬到达武汉三镇、下旬越过郑州和济南，4月上旬抵达京津地区、中旬跨过山海关来到塞外沈阳城、下旬经由长春到达哈尔滨，5月20日前后，才能光 临我国最北的地方—漠河。另外，由于我国幅员辽阔，地势复杂，不但春临大地的时 间有早有迟，春姑娘在各地停留的时间也有长短之别，如西北地区土壤干燥，春季升 温迅速，整个春季仅40多天，可谓来去匆匆;而云南昆明等地则四季如春，被誉为“春城”。 虽然“立春”节气后，不能说春天已到，但确实预示着春天就要来了，农业生产大 忙季节即将来临。这不，一些农谚即是很好的佐证。如:“立春一日，水热三分”、“春到 三分暖”……以安徽省为例，“立春”节气以后，虽处于冬季之尾，但有时气温仍较低， 还会发生低温冻害。如安徽省极端最低气温的极值，就出现在1969年2月6日的固 镇县，为一24.3‘C。因此，仍应加强冬作物，尤其是温室大棚的保温防寒工作。不过，有时冬季偏暖年份，南方湿热空气势力强于北方冷空气，在“立春” 立春时节 立春一到，人们明显地感觉到白昼长了，太阳暖了，气温增高了，日照延长了， 降雨也开始了。农谚提醒人们“立春雨水到，早起晚睡觉”。立春时竹北方备耕也开始了。 “一年之计在干春”，在中国是流传最为广泛的格言式谚语之一。在《增广贤文》中，它一共是四句:“一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨，一家之计在于和，一生之计 在于勤。”其中前两句，强调的都是时间的紧迫性和重要性。 阳春之季，万象更新，对于农事耕作，这是个关键时刻。对于一个人来说，青年 时期也是人生的春天。青春的创造力是无穷的，爱惜青春，珍视青春，就能创造出知识，创造出财富;反之，浪费青春，虚度年华，除了惭愧之外，将一无所得。“一年之 计在于春”，强调的是要在一年开始时多做并做好工作，为全年的工作打下坚实的基础。 节气特征现象
自我管理演讲稿英语翻译
尊敬的领导，老师，亲爱的同学们， 大家好！我是5班的梁浩东。今天早上我坐车来学校的路上，我仔细观察了路上形形色色的人，有开着小车衣着精致的叔叔阿姨，有市场带着倦容的卖各种早点的阿姨，还有偶尔穿梭于人群中衣衫褴褛的乞丐。于是我问自己，十几年后我会成为怎样的自己，想成为社会成功人士还是碌碌无为的人呢，答案肯定是前者。那么十几年后我怎样才能如愿以偿呢，成为一个受人尊重，有价值的人呢？正如我今天演讲的题目是：自主管理。 大家都知道爱玩是我们孩子的天性，学习也是我们的责任和义务。要怎样处理好这些矛盾，提高自主管理呢？ 首先，我们要有小主人翁思想，自己做自己的主人，要认识到我们学习，生活这一切都是我们自己走自己的人生路，并不是为了报答父母，更不是为了敷衍老师。 我认为自主管理又可以理解为自我管理，在学习和生活中无处不在，比如通过老师，小组长来管理约束行为和同学们对自身行为的管理都属于自我管理。比如我们到一个旅游景点，看到一块大石头，有的同学特别兴奋，会想在上面刻上：某某某到此一游话。这时你就需要自我管理，你需要提醒自己，这样做会破坏景点，而且是一种素质低下的表现。你设想一下，如果别人家小孩去你家墙上乱涂乱画，你是何种感受。同样我们把自主管理放到学习上，在我们想偷懒，想逃避，想放弃的时候，我们可以通过自主管理来避免这些，通过他人或者自己的力量来完成。例如我会制定作息时间计划表，里面包括学习，运动，玩耍等内容的完成时间。那些学校学习尖子，他们学习好是智商高于我们吗，其实不然，在我所了解的哪些优秀的学霸传授经验里，就提到要能够自我管理，规范好学习时间的分分秒秒，只有辛勤的付出，才能取得优异成绩。 在现实生活中，无数成功人士告诉我们自主管理的重要性。十几年后我想成为一位优秀的，为国家多做贡献的人。亲爱的同学们，你们们？让我们从现在开始重视和执行自主管理，十几年后成为那个你想成为的人。 谢谢大家！
关于工作的英语演讲稿
关于工作的英语演讲稿 【篇一：关于工作的英语演讲稿】 关于工作的英语演讲稿 different people have various ambitions. some want to be engineers or doctors in the future. some want to be scientists or businessmen. still some wish to be teachers or lawers when they grow up in the days to come. unlike other people, i prefer to be a farmer. however, it is not easy to be a farmer for iwill be looked upon by others. anyway,what i am trying to do is to make great contributions to agriculture. it is well known that farming is the basic of the country. above all, farming is not only a challenge but also a good opportunity for the young. we can also make a big profit by growing vegetables and food in a scientific way. besides we can apply what we have learned in school to farming. thus our countryside will become more and more properous. i believe that any man with knowledge can do whatever they can so long as this job can meet his or her interest. all the working position can provide him with a good chance to become a talent. 【篇二：关于责任感的英语演讲稿】 im grateful that ive been given this opportunity to stand here as a spokesman. facing all of you on the stage, i have the exciting feeling of participating in this speech competition. the topic today is what we cannot afford to lose. if you ask me this question, i must tell you that i think the answer is a word---- responsibility. in my elementary years, there was a little girl in the class who worked very hard, however she could never do satisfactorily in her lessons. the teacher asked me to help her, and it was obvious that she expected a lot from me. but as a young boy, i was so restless and thoughtless, i always tried to get more time to play and enjoy myself. so she was always slighted over by me. one day before the final exam, she came up to me and said, could you please explain this to me? i can not understand it. i
关于时间管理的英语演讲
Dear teacher and colleagues: my topic is on “spare time”. It is a huge blessing that we can work 996. Jack Ma said at an Ali's internal communication activity, That means we should work at 9am to 9pm, 6 days a week .I question the entire premise of this piece. but I'm always interested in hearing what successful and especially rich people come up with time .So I finally found out Jack Ma also had said :”i f you don’t put out more time and energy than others ,how can you achieve the success you want? If you do not do 996 when you are young ,when will you ?”I quite agree with the idea that young people should fight for success .But there are a lot of survival activities to do in a day ,I want to focus on how much time they take from us and what can we do with the rest of the time. As all we known ,There are 168 hours in a week .We sleep roughly seven-and-a-half and eight hours a day .so around 56 hours a week . maybe it is slightly different for someone . We do our personal things like eating and bathing and maybe looking after kids -about three hours a day .so around 21 hours a week .And if you are working a full time job ,so 40 hours a week , Oh! Maybe it is impossible for us at
关于人英语演讲稿(精选多篇)
关于人英语演讲稿(精选多篇) 关于人的优美句子 1、“黑皮小子”是我对在公交车上偶遇两次的一个男孩的称呼代号。一听这个外号，你也定会知道他极黑了。他的脸总是黑黑的；裸露在短袖外的胳膊也是黑黑的；就连两只有厚厚耳垂的耳朵也那么黑黑的，时不时像黑色的猎犬竖起来倾听着什么；黑黑的扁鼻子时不时地深呼吸着，像是在警觉地嗅着什么异样的味道。 2、我不知道，如何诠释我的母亲，因为母亲淡淡的生活中却常常跳动着不一样的间最无私、最伟大、最崇高的爱，莫过于母爱。无私，因为她的爱只有付出，无需回报；伟大，因为她的爱寓于
普通、平凡和简单之中；崇高，是因为她的爱是用生命化作乳汁，哺育着我，使我的生命得以延续，得以蓬勃，得以灿烂。 3、我的左撇子伙伴是用左手写字的，就像我们的右手一样挥洒自如。在日常生活中，曾见过用左手拿筷子的，也有像超级林丹用左手打羽毛球的，但很少碰见用左手写字的。中国汉字笔画笔顺是左起右收，适合用右手写字。但我的左撇子伙伴写字是右起左收的，像鸡爪一样迈出田字格，左看右看，上看下看，每一个字都很难看。平时考试时间终了，他总是做不完试卷。于是老师就跟家长商量，决定让他左改右写。经过老师引导，家长配合，他自己刻苦练字，考试能够提前完成了。现在他的字像他本人一样阳光、帅气。 4、老师，他们是辛勤的园丁，帮助着那些幼苗茁壮成长。他们不怕辛苦地给我们改厚厚一叠的作业，给我们上课。一步一步一点一点地给我们知识。虽然
他们有时也会批评一些人，但是他们的批评是对我们有帮助的，我们也要理解他们。那些学习差的同学，老师会逐一地耐心教导，使他们的学习突飞猛进。使他们的耐心教导培养出了一批批优秀的人才。他们不怕辛苦、不怕劳累地教育着我们这些幼苗，难道不是美吗？ 5、我有一个表妹，还不到十岁，她那圆圆的小脸蛋儿，粉白中透着粉红，她的头发很浓密，而且好像马鬓毛一样的粗硬，但还是保留着孩子一样的蓬乱的美，卷曲的环绕着她那小小的耳朵。说起她，她可是一个古灵精怪的小女孩。 6、黑皮小子是一个善良的人，他要跟所有见过的人成为最好的朋友！这样人人都是他的好朋友，那么人人都是好友一样坦诚、关爱相交，这样人与人自然会和谐起来，少了许多争执了。 7、有人说，老师是土壤，把知识化作养分，传授给祖国的花朵，让他们茁壮成长。亦有人说，老师是一座知识的桥梁，把我们带进奇妙的科学世界，让
二十四节气解读
二十四节气解读 立春： 立春，二十四节气[1]之一，“立”是“开始”的意思，立春就是春季的开始，每年2月4日或5日太阳到达黄经315度时为立春。《月令七十二候集解》：“正月节，立，建始也……立夏秋冬同。”古代“四立”，指春、夏、秋、冬四季开始，其农业意义为“春种、夏长、秋收、冬藏”，概括了黄河中下游农业生产与气候关系的全过程。 雨水： 雨水，表示降水开始，雨量逐步增多。每年2月18日前后，太阳到达黄经330度，为“雨水”节气。雨水，表示两层意思，一是天气回暖，降水量逐渐增多了，二是在降水形式上，雪渐少了，雨渐多了。《月令七十二候集解》中说：“正月中，天一生水。春始属木，然生木者必水也，故立春后继之雨水。且东风既解冻，则散而为雨矣。惊蛰： 惊蛰——春雷乍动，惊醒了蛰伏在土壤中冬眠的动物。这时气温回升较快，渐有春雷萌动。每年公历的3月6日左右为惊蛰。二十四节气之一。蛰是藏的意思。“惊蛰”是指钻到泥土里越冬的小动物被雷震苏醒出来活动。“惊蛰”节气日，地球已经达到太阳黄经345度，一般在每年3月4日～7日。 春分： 春分，古时又称为“日中”、“日夜分”、“仲春之月”，在每年的3月21日前后(20日～22日)交节，农历日期不固定，这时太阳到达黄经0°。据《月令七十二候集解》：“二月中，分者半也，此当九十日之半，故谓之分。”另《春秋繁露·阴阳出入上下篇》说：“春分者，阴阳相半也，故昼夜均而寒暑平。”有《明史·历一》说：“分者，黄赤相交之点，太阳行至此，乃昼夜平分。”所以，春分的意义，一是指一天时间白天黑夜平分，各为12小时；二是古时以立春至立夏为春季，春分正当春季三个月之中，平分了春季。 清明： 清明的意思是清淡明智。“清明”是夏历二十四节气之一，中国广大地区有在清明之日进行祭祖、扫墓、踏青的习俗，逐渐演变为华人以扫墓、祭拜等形式纪念祖先的一个中国传统节日。另外还有很多以“清明”为题的诗歌，其中最著名的是唐代诗人杜牧的七绝《清明》。 谷雨： 谷雨是二十四节气之一。谷雨指雨水增多，大大有利于谷类农作物的生长。每年4月19日～21日视太阳到达黄经30°时为谷雨。
关于时间的英语演讲稿范文_演讲稿.doc
关于时间的英语演讲稿范文_演讲稿 and organizing people to learn from advanced areas to broaden their horizons in order to understand the team of cadres working conditions in schools, the ministry of education has traveled a number of primary and secondary schools to conduct research, listen to the views of the school party and government leaders to make school leadership cadres receive attention and guidance of the ministry of education to carry out a variety of practical activities to actively lead the majority of young teachers work hard to become qualified personnel and for them to put up the cast talent stage, a single sail swaying, after numerous twists and turns arrived in port, if there is wind, a hand, and naturally smooth arrival and guide students to strive to e xcel, need to nazhen “wind” - teacher. teachers should be ideological and moral education, culture education and the needs of students organically combining various activities for the students or students to carry out their own. for example: school quiz competitions, essay contests, ke benju performances and other activities to enable students to give full play to their talents. teachers rush toil, in order to that will enable students to continue to draw nutrients, to help them grow up healthily and become pillars of the country before. for all students in general education, the government departments have also not forget those who cared about the
关于机会的英语演讲稿
good afternoon everybody! I’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech about challenge and opportunity,双手交握微笑 So, what’s an opportunity? It’s a great chance to achieve dreams, it’s a platform to show ourselves.Just as now,I’m standing here showing myself,it's one of my dreams,also my opportunity. Then, what about challenge? Challenge is a new or difficult task which test our ability and skill. it is a fighter, a sense of courage, the fearless spirit towards all difficulties, Many people are afraid of being challenged, worrying about change and failure.I used to be a member of them，but now,I find that sth we haven’t done isn’t as difficult as it seems, fear always hindered our courage. Said so much,此刻我最想与你们分享的一句话就是： we should welcome being challenged,and try to enjoy it.它很可能是你进步的机会 Cruel competition isn 't the excuse for failure. No one is regularly on a winner or a loser. To the strong willed, competition is the spring of hope; To the weak minded, it means the winter of despair. So turning into opportunities means taking advantage of these challenges and benefiting from them.In this way,you can be the boss of your life.这句语法有没有错误？指着他，手势 That’s all, thank you!
关于坚持的英语演讲稿
---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 1 / 9 关于坚持的英语演讲稿 results are not important, but they can persist for many years as a commemoration of . many years ago, as a result of habits and overeating formed one of obesity, as well as indicators of overall physical disorders, so that affects my work and life. in friends to encourage and supervise, the participated in the team now considered to have been more than three years, neither the fine rain, regardless of winter heat, a day out with 5:00 time. the beginning, have been discouraged, suffering, and disappointment, but in the end of the urging of friends, to re-get up, stand on the playground. in fact, i did not build big, nor strong muscles, not a sport-born people. over the past few years to adhere to it, because i have a team behind, the strength of a strong team here, very grateful to our team, for a long time, we encourage each other, and with sweat, enjoying common health happy. for example, friends of the several run in order to maintain order and unable to attend the 10,000 meters race, and they are always concerned about the brothers and promptly inform the place and
- 二十四节气之立春教学设计
- 【最新】二十四节气—立春电子小报word版(可编辑)-可直接打印
- 1.在农历的天空下：二十四节气之立春
- 二十四节气之立春教学设计
- 二十四节气立春是什么意思_关于立春节气的简单介绍
- 二十四节气之立春PPT精选文档
- 二十四节气之立春养生篇
- 【最美】二十四节气之立春习俗
- 最新文档可爱二十四节气立春小报手抄报
- 二十四节气之立春
- 立春节气的特点是什么_二十四节气立春特点
- 二十四节气之立春
- 二十四节气立春的优秀作文5篇
- 二十四节气立春节气介绍PPT模板
- 二十四节气立春是什么意思
- 二十四节气的立春诗歌
- 二十四节气之立春的中医养生
- 二十四节气 之春分
- 立春节气的由来和习俗
- 粉色桃花二十四节气立春