An Analysis on the Translation of Public Signs
中国某某某某学校
题目: An Analysis on the Translation of
Public Signs
姓名：0000000
班级、学号：00000000
系(部) ：经济管理系
专业：商务英语
指导教师：0000000
开题时间：2008-11-12
完成时间：2009-10-2
2009 年10 月02 日
目录
毕业设计任务书 (1)
毕业设计成绩评定表 (2)
答辩申请书............................................................3-5 正文..................................................................6-26 答辩委员会表决意见 (27)
答辩过程记录表 (28)
1
课题An Analysis on the Translation of Public Signs
一、课题(论文)提纲
Ⅰ.引言
1.1 研究背景
1.2 研究目的
1.3 研究方法
Ⅱ.公示语的翻译
2.1 公示语的翻译特点
2.1.1 简洁
2.1.2 简单
2.1.3 清晰
2.2 中英公示语翻译上的差异
2.2.1 观点的不同
2.2.2 排列顺序的不同
2.3 公示语翻译中的常见错误
2.3.1 拼写错误
2.3.2 语法错误
2.3.3 逐字翻译
Ⅲ.公示语翻译的策略
3.1 符合国际标准的翻译策略
3.1.1 指示性
3.1.2 提示性
3.1.3 强迫性
3.1.4 限制性
3.2 符合中国特色的翻译策略
3.2.1 具有中国特色的公示语标语
3.2.2 具有中国特色的旅游景点内公示语
3.3 其他策略
Ⅳ.结语
2
二、内容摘要
公示语在我们生活当中必不可少，它涉及到了我们生活中的许多方面。随着中国的发展，越来越多的外国友人来到中国工作，旅游和学习。公示语给他们的
日常生活带来了方便，同时也帮助他们更好地了解中国。然而，公示语汉英翻译
现状不容乐观，存在着许多错误，这些错误导致了语用的失误，也损坏了我国的
国际形象。因此我们应该更加注意它。只有当公示语的翻译达到其原本目的时，
我们才能说我们的翻译是成功的.
关键词：公示语; 汉英翻译; 翻译策略
三、参考文献
[1]. Baker. Mona Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London.
Rutledge. 1998
[2]. Bassnett—McGuire.Susan Translation Studies. London and New Y ork.
Methuen.1980
[3]. Duan Liancheng.Baker. Mona Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation
Studies. London. Rutledge. 1998
[4]. Bassnett—McGuire. Susan Translation Studies. London and New
Y ork. Methuen. 1980
[5]. Duan Liancheng, How to help foreigners know China. Beijing.China
Reconstructs Press. 1998
[6]. Jim Di & Nida. Eugene A. On Translation. With Special Reference
to Chinese and English. Beijing. China Translation and Publishing
Cooperation.1984
[7]. New mark peter. A Text Book of Translation. Shanghai foreign
language Education Press, 2001
[8]. 包惠南. 文化语境与语言翻译. 北京.中国对外翻译出版公司.2001
[9]. 郭力嘉. 中国大城市公示语汉英翻译研究. 四川大学硕士学位论文.
2006
[10]. 连淑能. 汉英对比研究. 北京.高等教育出版社.1993
3
[11]. 氿全菊. 公示语及其翻译. 山东大学硕士论文.2005
[12]. 刘伟. 中国城市汉语公示语英译失误探析及其翻译研究. 上海外国语
大学硕士学位论文，2008
[13]. 王颖.吕和发. 公示语汉英翻译. 北京.中国对外翻译出版公司.2007 An Analysis on the Translation of Public Signs
000000000
Abstract: Public signs, which can be seen in public place affect
us in many ways are necessary to us. With China’s development,
more and more foreigners come to China for their business, tour
and study. Public signs can bring convenience for their daily
life; meantime it also can help them know better about China.
However, there exist many problems in the Chinese—English
translation of public signs causing the pragmatic failure and
damaging our international image. So we should pay more attention to it. Only when translation of public signs achieves
the intended purpose can we say our translation is successful.
Keywords: public signs; Chinese ---English translation; translation strategies
Ⅰ.Introduction
4
In this chapter, it is focused on the introduction of this
thesis, including the background, objectives and Mythology of
the research.
1.1 Background of the research
With China has gained the membership of WTO and intensification of our reform and opening—up policy, China
become more and more international, so more and more foreigner’
s streaming into China in increasing numbers. Under this circumstance, China now is facing a new challenge in translation studies, a great number of materials translated in
English are to essential for foreigner to help them better adapt
to China and make them feel at home is an important problem to
consider and solve.
If we are careful enough to pay attention to it, we can find
many improper bilingual public signs, for example―游人止步‖，
we translation it ― The Tourist Stop the Steps,‖ ―Tourist
Don’t Go Further ‖ or ― Tourist Stop here’’ . But which is
accurate? In fact, all these are wrong from the English versions
as their functional failure.
In summary public signs perform an irreplaceable role in
the process of integration with outside world. In recent yeas,
more and more Sino—foreign joint ventures and cooperative
5
enterprises have been set up in China, which also bring into
China a steady steam of business people from other countries.
Foreigners will benefit from home. However the failure in the
C—E translation of public signs in China hinders the economic
and cultural exchanges in the whole world. Some C — E translations of public signs mislead and even irritate the
―international citizens ’’ who defaces th e image of our
nation. Under such circumstances, it is very necessary to
implement this research on C—E translation of public signs in China.
1.2 Objectives of the research
When we talk about public signs, the following ones will
appear in our mind ―keep silence ‖, ―No smoking ‖,
―Information‖. All of these are included in public signs. Then
what are public signs?
According to the Oxford Advance Leurner’s English—Chinese Dictionary, ―signs refer to a board, notice, etc that directs
somebody towards to somewhere, gives a warning, advertise a business etc’’. It is used as a means of distinguishing it from
others or directing attention to it; later is used commonly on
a board bearings name or other inscription, with or without some ornament or picture. It is defined as a lettered board or other
6
public display placed or before a building, room, shop or office
to advertise, business translated there or the name of person
or firm conducting it according to Webster ’s Third New International Dictionary.
Public signs can affect the people’s life in many aspects
and it can be list as following:
1) used as traffic signs ,such as
Two Way 双向行驶One Way 单线行
2）Used in scenic spots, giving direction or explanation such
as
Visitor Center 旅游者服务中心
No Littering 请勿乱扔废弃物
3) Used in public accommodation to maintain public orders,
such as
No Spitting 严禁随地吐痰No parking 严禁停车
4) Used on the label, the package or in the pamphlet to give information about the commodity, such as
Glass 小心玻璃Handle With Care 小心轻放
5) Used translation firms name
Yixin Electronic Cooperation 益新电子公司
Y onghe Trading Company 永和贸易公司
1.3 Methodology of the research
7
In the process of translation, all cultural elements, a
translator’s mother tongue, value systems, thinking patterns, religious beliefs will influence his choice of translation
strategies and approaches. The process is not the untraceable
flow of thinking in the translator’s mind. This paper adapting
to comparative –analytical method analyze the causes. A Chinese public sign and the translated version are first compared and then translation problems are analyzed. In most causes, the ravished translation is also provided.
Ⅱ . General Introduction to Public Signs and Their Translation
In this chapter, we will analyze the language features of
public signs and difference between Chinese and English public signs, at the same time, it still include errors in the translation of public signs.
2.1 Language Features of Public Signs
With the signs are on a board, so the language on the signs
should be in concise way due to the comparatively small space. Secondly, some public signs must draw the public’s attention
at first sight and the readers can catch it’s meaning very
quickly and correctly, especially the traffic signs, such as
―Abrupt Turn Right Ahead 前方急转弯,‖ the applied words
8
should be clear and easy to read, the sign is set without ambiguity. We can also analyze this topic in three ways.
2.1.1 Conciseness
According to William Strunk, Jr and E.B White in 1979(Joan Pinkham 2001.1): ―vigorous writing is concise. A sentence
should contain necessary words paragraph necessary sentences,
for the same reason that a drawing should have to unnecessary
lines and a machine necessary parts’’. It is also true of
language of public signs.
Usually the readers for public signs just look at the board
with signs quickly when they pass by, so the language on it need simple, a phrase or just a word is enough, for example, ―No Smoking 禁止吸烟‖ ―Open 正在营业‖. We need not use sentences ―please do not smoking’’ and ―we are on business‖.
So we must remember keep as conciseness as possible principle when we translate some public signs.
2.1.2 Simple words
Due to the target reader always speed little time on reading
the signs. So the meaning of the signs should be clear and easy
to them understood. As the target readers are the common people who have litter knowledge related to the concerned topic, the
sign should directly hit the point and there should not exist
9
on vagueness. In Ni and Liu’s essay (倪传斌和刘治1988)，they provide an example ―严禁客货混装Don’t put passengers and cargos together. The target reader may feel hazy because they
do not know whether it means the passengers can not take the cargos themselves to the destination or whether it means the passengers are forbidden to sit on the cargos and they should
sit in the cab. So the sign―严禁客货混装‖ should be translated into ―No Passengers on Trucks‖. Then, readers can understand that it means the passengers can take the cargos themselves to
the destination but they are forbidden to sit on the cargos.
The sign are set for the public and many readers aren’t professional, therefore when translate sign, we should get the point directly and clearly and should not just talk around the bush.
2.1.3 Clearness
Public signs are set for the foreigners who know a little
English and English is not his mother language, and target readers also include overseas Chinese who is not a English native speaker. If the English version is full of rare words
and expression, it will cause a pragmatic failure of communication and even misunderstand for public signs. We often see a small restaurant at the airport to provide fast food for
10
the pass engers, the English tablet should be ―Snacks’’ instead
of ―Refection’’, because the later one is rare words and often
be used nowadays. Take another example, ―景区坏境卫生，需要你的维护‖, should we translate it into ―Environmental Sanitation o f the Scenic Spot Need Y our Conserve‖. The words
―sanitation’’ and ―environmental‖are not familiar words for
the public, we had better use ―Keep Clear or No Littering‖ .
So trough the above we know if we want readers catch the meaning at first glance, we should use the concise, clear,
simple words and expressions in C—E translation of public signs.
2.2 Different Between Chinese and English Public Signs Though both Chinese and English in public signs share the above mentioned features, they have much distinction in many ways, it is because of these distinctions that Chinese native speakers always make mistakes when they translating of public signs. Most problems, however, concern the core of culture: ways of life, values and ways of thinking and writing, which
vary greatly from Chinese to English. Chinese is parataxis,
while English is hypostasis. For example, the Chinese character ―人‖ （―man‖is its English meaning) seems like a m an standing on his two feet, and the character ―雨‖（―rain‖ is its English
11
meaning）, the three dots in the character look like the drops. Distinctions can be illustrated in three aspects: different collocations, different perspectives and different word orders.
2.2.1Different Perspectives
English and Chinese, sometimes they express the some meaning in different perspectives. We often see a sign ―小心碰头’’
on the wall of a narrow corridor or a passageway. The Chinese text is ―小心碰头’’, it express the fact the ceiling is very
low and when passengers pass by, they should be careful and do not hit it on the head. Besides, ―mind your head‖, we have another version, ―low ceiling‖. The former one also states
the fact from the same meaning, and the later one is from the opposite perspective.
Here is another example, the Chinese text is ―油漆未干‖.
If we translate from the same perspective with the Chinese text, the English v ersion should be ―paint is not dry‖. But if we translated like it is not that idiomatic and does not coincide
with the rule that signs should be written in concise words.
So western countries use ―wet paint‖ to give the information that paint is not dry and tell readers not to touch it. Therefore, when we translate Chinese public signs to English, we can shift 12
the perspectives.
2.2.2 Different Word orders
Due to Chinese and English are different languages, so when the saying things also use different ways, the word orders always are different. This phenomenon can be seen clearly in the following chart:
Chinese English
工农业agriculture and industry 前后back and forth
中小型small and medium
左右right and left
Even though words have the same original meaning and their related meanings are different, sometimes even opposite. They can from different perspectives and in different ways. Owing
to these differences, Chinese translators are easily to make errors while translating.
2.3 Errors in the Translation of Public Signs
We can find many errors in the published translations if
we are carefully enough. The errors include spelling mistakes, grammatical mistakes, and Word—for—Word translation. Make
the version unreadable and far below standard. These mistakes
not only leaves a bad impression on foreigners and damage the
13
international image of our country, but also put up barriers
in the international communication. Therefore, the translators should pay more attention to the pubic signs translate.
2.3.1 Spelling Errors
The spelling errors are easy to be found and also easy to
be made. This kind of mistakes will leave a perfunctory and slapdash impression on the target readers because it results
from carelessness on the part of translators and printers. Meanwhile, it is a serious mistake as it decreases the effectiveness and causes the failure of understanding.
Wrong spelling:
Example 13
Chinese version: 公司业务(中国银行)
Original English version：Compamy Business
Revise English version: Company Business
Using Chinese pinyin to replace English words:
Example14
Chinese version: 高教书店
Original English version：Gao Jiao Shu Dian
2.3.2 Grammatical Errors
Grammatical errors in the translation of public signs mainly refer to the wrong use of numbers, prepositions, voices
14
and part of speech. These errors are quite note worthy as they
leave very negative impression on foreign guests. For translators, grammatical rules are the foundation during the process of translation. As we know, these mistakes can bring
much trouble in understanding signs to foreign readers.
The Chinese readers for consultation service is ―总服务
台‖ or ―咨询台‖, the existing translation of it are
―Information‖, ―Information’s‖, ―Enquiry/Inquiry‖ or‖
Enquiries/Inquiries‖, which ones are grammatically correct?
―Information‖ is an uncountable noun a nd has not the plural
form, and ―Enquiry/Inquiry‖ is countable noun and has plural form. The standard usages in western countries are
―Information‖ or ―Enquiries/Inquiries‖.
2.3.3Word—for—Word Translation
In some situations, when one language is translated into
another, the pragmatic meaning is more important than the meaning of words. Thus the word—for—word translation is usually incorrect in terms of sentence. Structure and grammar; and even if they are right; it still can not transfer the real information of the original text.
Example 15
In some supermarket, there is a sign ―欢迎你下次再来购物‖
on the contrary的解析
On the contrary Onthecontrary, I have not yet begun. 正好相反，我还没有开始。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, the instructions have been damaged. 反之，则说明已经损坏。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I understand all too well. 恰恰相反，我很清楚 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I think this is good. ⑴我反而觉得这是好事。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I have tons of things to do 正相反，我有一大堆事要做 Provided by jukuu Is likely onthecontrary I in works for you 反倒像是我在为你们工作 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, or to buy the first good. 反之还是先买的好。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, it is typically american. 相反，这正是典型的美国风格。 222.35.143.196 Onthecontrary, very exciting.
恰恰相反，非常刺激。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, But onthecontrary, lazy. 却恰恰相反，懒洋洋的。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I hate it! 恰恰相反，我不喜欢！ https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, the club gathers every month. 相反，俱乐部每个月都聚会。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I'm going to work harder. 我反而将更努力工作。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, his demeanor is easy and nonchalant. 相反，他的举止轻松而无动于衷。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Too much nutrition onthecontrary can not be absorbed through skin. 太过营养了反而皮肤吸收不了. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, I would wish for it no other way. 正相反，我正希望这样 Provided by jukuu Onthecontrary most likely pathological. 反之很有可能是病理性的。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html, Onthecontrary, it will appear clumsy. 反之，就会显得粗笨。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1b17094148.html,
英语造句
一般过去式 时间状语：yesterday just now (刚刚) the day before three days ag0 a week ago in 1880 last month last year 1. I was in the classroom yesterday. I was not in the classroom yesterday. Were you in the classroom yesterday. 2. They went to see the film the day before. Did they go to see the film the day before. They did go to see the film the day before. 3. The man beat his wife yesterday. The man didn’t beat his wife yesterday. 4. I was a high student three years ago. 5. She became a teacher in 2009. 6. They began to study english a week ago 7. My mother brought a book from Canada last year. 8.My parents build a house to me four years ago . 9.He was husband ago. She was a cooker last mouth. My father was in the Xinjiang half a year ago. 10.My grandfather was a famer six years ago. 11.He burned in 1991
学生造句--Unit 1
●I wonder if it’s because I have been at school for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about going home. ●It is because she wasn’t well that she fell far behind her classmates this semester. ●I can well remember that there was a time when I took it for granted that friends should do everything for me. ●In order to make a difference to society, they spent almost all of their spare time in raising money for the charity. ●It’s no pleasure eating at school any longer because the food is not so tasty as that at home. ●He happened to be hit by a new idea when he was walking along the riverbank. ●I wonder if I can cope with stressful situations in life independently. ●It is because I take things for granted that I make so many mistakes. ●The treasure is so rare that a growing number of people are looking for it. ●He picks on the weak mn in order that we may pay attention to him. ●It’s no pleasure being disturbed whena I settle down to my work. ●I can well remember that when I was a child, I always made mistakes on purpose for fun. ●It’s no pleasure accompany her hanging out on the street on such a rainy day. ●I can well remember that there was a time when I threw my whole self into study in order to live up to my parents’ expectation and enter my dream university. ●I can well remember that she stuck with me all the time and helped me regain my confidence during my tough time five years ago. ●It is because he makes it a priority to study that he always gets good grades. ●I wonder if we should abandon this idea because there is no point in doing so. ●I wonder if it was because I ate ice-cream that I had an upset student this morning. ●It is because she refused to die that she became incredibly successful. ●She is so considerate that many of us turn to her for comfort. ●I can well remember that once I underestimated the power of words and hurt my friend. ●He works extremely hard in order to live up to his expectations. ●I happened to see a butterfly settle on the beautiful flower. ●It’s no pleasure making fun of others. ●It was the first time in the new semester that I had burned the midnight oil to study. ●It’s no pleasure taking everything into account when you long to have the relaxing life. ●I wonder if it was because he abandoned himself to despair that he was killed in a car accident when he was driving. ●Jack is always picking on younger children in order to show off his power. ●It is because he always burns the midnight oil that he oversleeps sometimes. ●I happened to find some pictures to do with my grandfather when I was going through the drawer. ●It was because I didn’t dare look at the failure face to face that I failed again. ●I tell my friend that failure is not scary in order that she can rebound from failure. ●I throw my whole self to study in order to pass the final exam. ●It was the first time that I had made a speech in public and enjoyed the thunder of applause. ●Alice happened to be on the street when a UFO landed right in front of her. ●It was the first time that I had kept myself open and talked sincerely with my parents. ●It was a beautiful sunny day. The weather was so comfortable that I settled myself into the
英语句子结构和造句
高中英语~词性~句子成分~语法构成 第一章节：英语句子中的词性 1.名词：n. 名词是指事物的名称，在句子中主要作主语.宾语.表语.同位语。 2.形容词;adj. 形容词是指对名词进行修饰~限定~描述~的成份，主要作定语.表语.。形容词在汉语中是（的）.其标志是: ous. Al .ful .ive。. 3.动词：vt. 动词是指主语发出的一个动作，一般用来作谓语。 4.副词：adv. 副词是指表示动作发生的地点. 时间. 条件. 方式. 原因. 目的. 结果.伴随让步. 一般用来修饰动词. 形容词。副词在汉语中是（地）.其标志是：ly。 5.代词：pron. 代词是指用来代替名词的词，名词所能担任的作用，代词也同样.代词主要用来作主语. 宾语. 表语. 同位语。 6.介词：prep.介词是指表示动词和名次关系的词，例如：in on at of about with for to。其特征：
介词后的动词要用—ing形式。介词加代词时，代词要用宾格。例如：give up her（him）这种形式是正确的，而give up she（he）这种形式是错误的。 7.冠词：冠词是指修饰名词，表名词泛指或特指。冠词有a an the 。 8.叹词：叹词表示一种语气。例如：OH. Ya 等 9.连词：连词是指连接两个并列的成分，这两个并列的成分可以是两个词也可以是两个句子。例如：and but or so 。 10.数词：数词是指表示数量关系词，一般分为基数词和序数词 第二章节：英语句子成分 主语：动作的发出者，一般放在动词前或句首。由名词. 代词. 数词. 不定时. 动名词. 或从句充当。 谓语：指主语发出来的动作，只能由动词充当，一般紧跟在主语后面。 宾语：指动作的承受着，一般由代词. 名词. 数词. 不定时. 动名词. 或从句充当. 介词后面的成分也叫介词宾语。 定语：只对名词起限定修饰的成分，一般由形容
六级单词解析造句记忆MNO
M A: Has the case been closed yet? B: No, the magistrate still needs to decide the outcome. magistrate n.地方行政官，地方法官，治安官 A: I am unable to read the small print in the book. B: It seems you need to magnify it. magnify vt.１．放大，扩大；２．夸大，夸张 A: That was a terrible storm. B: Indeed, but it is too early to determine the magnitude of the damage. magnitude n.１．重要性，重大；２．巨大，广大 A: A young fair maiden like you shouldn’t be single. B: That is because I am a young fair independent maiden. maiden n.少女，年轻姑娘，未婚女子 a.首次的，初次的 A: You look majestic sitting on that high chair. B: Yes, I am pretending to be the king! majestic a.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，高贵的 A: Please cook me dinner now. B: Yes, your majesty, I’m at your service. majesty n.１．［Ｍ－］陛下（对帝王，王后的尊称）；２．雄伟，壮丽，庄严 A: Doctor, I traveled to Africa and I think I caught malaria. B: Did you take any medicine as a precaution? malaria n.疟疾 A: I hate you! B: Why are you so full of malice? malice n.恶意，怨恨 A: I’m afraid that the test results have come back and your lump is malignant. B: That means it’s serious, doesn’t it, doctor? malignant a.１．恶性的，致命的；２．恶意的，恶毒的 A: I’m going shopping in the mall this afternoon, want to join me? B: No, thanks, I have plans already. mall n.（由许多商店组成的）购物中心 A: That child looks very unhealthy. B: Yes, he does not have enough to eat. He is suffering from malnutrition.
base on的例句
意见应以事实为根据. 3 来自辞典例句 192. The bombers swooped ( down ) onthe air base. 轰炸机 突袭 空军基地. 来自辞典例句 193. He mounted their engines on a rubber base. 他把他们的发动机装在一个橡胶垫座上. 14 来自辞典例句 194. The column stands on a narrow base. 柱子竖立在狭窄的地基上. 14 来自辞典例句 195. When one stretched it, it looked like grey flakes on the carvas base. 你要是把它摊直, 看上去就象好一些灰色的粉片落在帆布底子上. 18 来自辞典例句 196. Economic growth and human well - being depend on the natural resource base that supports all living systems. 经济增长和人类的福利依赖于支持所有生命系统的自然资源. 12 1 来自辞典例句 197. The base was just a smudge onthe untouched hundred - mile coast of Manila Bay. 那基地只是马尼拉湾一百英里长安然无恙的海岸线上一个硝烟滚滚的污点. 6 来自辞典例句 198. You can't base an operation on the presumption that miracles are going to happen. 你不能把行动计划建筑在可能出现奇迹的假想基础上.
英语造句大全
英语造句大全English sentence 在句子中，更好的记忆单词！ 1、(1)、able adj. 能 句子：We are able to live under the sea in the future. (2)、ability n. 能力 句子：Most school care for children of different abilities. (3)、enable v. 使。。。能句子：This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains. 2、(1)、accurate adj. 精确的句子：We must have the accurate calculation. (2)、accurately adv. 精确地 句子：His calculation is accurately. 3、(1)、act v. 扮演 句子：He act the interesting character. （2）、actor n. 演员 句子：He was a famous actor. (3)、actress n. 女演员 句子：She was a famous actress. (4)、active adj. 积极的 句子：He is an active boy. 4、add v. 加 句子：He adds a little sugar in the milk. 5、advantage n. 优势 句子：His advantage is fight. 6、age 年龄n. 句子：His age is 15. 7、amusing 娱人的adj. 句子：This story is amusing. 8、angry 生气的adj. 句子：He is angry. 9、America 美国n.
(完整版)主谓造句
主语+谓语 1. 理解主谓结构 1) The students arrived. The students arrived at the park. 2) They are listening. They are listening to the music. 3) The disaster happened. 2．体会状语的位置 1) Tom always works hard. 2) Sometimes I go to the park at weekends.. 3) The girl cries very often. 4) We seldom come here. The disaster happened to the poor family. 3. 多个状语的排列次序 1) He works. 2) He works hard. 3) He always works hard. 4) He always works hard in the company. 5) He always works hard in the company recently. 6) He always works hard in the company recently because he wants to get promoted. 4. 写作常用不及物动词 1. ache My head aches. I’m aching all over. 2. agree agree with sb. about sth. agree to do sth. 3. apologize to sb. for sth. 4. appear (at the meeting, on the screen) 5. arrive at / in 6. belong to 7. chat with sb. about sth. 8. come (to …) 9. cry 10. dance 11. depend on /upon 12. die 13. fall 14. go to … 15. graduate from 16. … happen 17. laugh 18. listen to... 19. live 20. rise 21. sit 22. smile 23. swim 24. stay (at home / in a hotel) 25. work 26. wait for 汉译英： 1.昨天我去了电影院。 2.我能用英语跟外国人自由交谈。 3.晚上7点我们到达了机场。 4.暑假就要到了。 5.现在很多老人独自居住。 6.老师同意了。 7.刚才发生了一场车祸。 8.课上我们应该认真听讲。9. 我们的态度很重要。 10. 能否成功取决于你的态度。 11. 能取得多大进步取决于你付出多少努力。 12. 这个木桶能盛多少水取决于最短的一块板子的长度。
初中英语造句
【it's time to和it's time for】 ——————这其实是一个句型,只不过后面要跟不同的东西. ——————It's time to跟的是不定式（to do）.也就是说,要跟一个动词,意思是“到做某事的时候了”.如： It's time to go home. It's time to tell him the truth. ——————It's time for 跟的是名词.也就是说,不能跟动词.如： It's time for lunch.(没必要说It's time to have lunch) It's time for class.(没必要说It's time to begin the class.) They can't wait to see you Please ask liming to study tonight. Please ask liming not to play computer games tonight. Don’t make/let me to smoke I can hear/see you dance at the stage You had better go to bed early. You had better not watch tv It’s better to go to bed early It’s best to run in the morning I am enjoy running with music. With 表伴随听音乐 I already finish studying You should keep working. You should keep on studying English Keep calm and carry on 保持冷静继续前行二战开始前英国皇家政府制造的海报名字 I have to go on studying I feel like I am flying I have to stop playing computer games and stop to go home now I forget/remember to finish my homework. I forget/remember cleaning the classroom We keep/percent/stop him from eating more chips I prefer orange to apple I prefer to walk rather than run I used to sing when I was young What’s wrong with you There have nothing to do with you I am so busy studying You are too young to na?ve I am so tired that I have to go to bed early
The Kite Runner-美句摘抄及造句
《The Kite Runner》追风筝的人--------------------------------美句摘抄 1.I can still see Hassan up on that tree, sunlight flickering through the leaves on his almost perfectly round face, a face like a Chinese doll chiseled from hardwood: his flat, broad nose and slanting, narrow eyes like bamboo leaves, eyes that looked, depending on the light, gold, green even sapphire 翻译：我依然能记得哈桑坐在树上的样子，阳光穿过叶子，照着他那浑圆的脸庞。他的脸很像木头刻成的中国娃娃，鼻子大而扁平，双眼眯斜如同竹叶，在不同光线下会显现出金色、绿色，甚至是宝石蓝。 E.g.: A shadow of disquiet flickering over his face. 2.Never told that the mirror, like shooting walnuts at the neighbor's dog, was always my idea. 翻译：从来不提镜子、用胡桃射狗其实都是我的鬼主意。E.g.:His secret died with him, for he never told anyone. 3.We would sit across from each other on a pair of high
翻译加造句
一、翻译 1. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me., but not without appeal. 让我自己挑选自己最喜欢的书籍这个有意思的想法真的对我具有吸引力。 2.I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by the one decent man, and evil. 我陷入到大屠杀悲剧的痛苦之中，一个体面的人所代表的善与恶的猛烈冲击之中。 3.I was astonished by the the great power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary to translate my feelings into words. 我被这部小说所包含的巨大能量感到震惊。我无法用语言来表达我的感情（心情）。 4，make sth. long to short长话短说 5.I learned that summer that reading was not the innocent(简单的) pastime(消遣) I have assumed it to be., not a breezy, instantly forgettable escape in the hammock(吊床)，( though I’ ve enjoyed many of those too ). I discovered that a book, if it arrives at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the course of all that follows. 那年夏天，我懂得了读书不是我认为的简单的娱乐消遣，也不只是躺在吊床上，一阵风吹过就忘记的消遣。我发现如果在适宜的时间、合适的季节读一本书的话，他将能改变一个人以后的人生道路。 二、词组造句 1. on purpose 特意，故意 This is especially true here, and it was ~. (这一点在这里尤其准确，并且他是故意的) 2.think up 虚构，编造，想出 She has thought up a good idea. 她想出了一个好的主意。 His story was thought up. 他的故事是编出来的。 3. in the meantime 与此同时 助记：in advance 事前in the meantime 与此同时in place 适当地... In the meantime, what can you do? 在这期间您能做什么呢？ In the meantime, we may not know how it works, but we know that it works. 在此期间，我们不知道它是如何工作的，但我们知道，它的确在发挥作用。 4.as though 好像，仿佛 It sounds as though you enjoyed Great wall. 这听起来好像你喜欢长城。 5. plunge into 使陷入 He plunged the room into darkness by switching off the light. 他把灯一关，房
改写句子练习2标准答案
The effective sentences:(improve the sentences!) 1.She hopes to spend this holiday either in Shanghai or in Suzhou. 2.Showing/to show sincerity and to keep/keeping promises are the basic requirements of a real friend. 3.I want to know the space of this house and when it was built. I want to know how big this house is and when it was built. I want to know the space of this house and the building time of the house. 4.In the past ten years,Mr.Smith has been a waiter,a tour guide,and taught English. In the past ten years,Mr.Smith has been a waiter,a tour guide,and an English teacher. 5.They are sweeping the floor wearing masks. They are sweeping the floor by wearing masks. wearing masks,They are sweeping the floor. 6.the drivers are told to drive carefully on the radio. the drivers are told on the radio to drive carefully 7.I almost spent two hours on this exercises. I spent almost two hours on this exercises. 8.Checking carefully,a serious mistake was found in the design. Checking carefully,I found a serious mistake in the design.
用以下短语造句
M1 U1 一. 把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）： add up (to) be concerned about go through set down a series of on purpose in order to according to get along with fall in love (with) join in have got to hide away face to face 1 We’ve chatted online for some time but we have never met ___________. 2 It is nearly 11 o’clock yet he is not back. His mother ____________ him. 3 The Lius ___________ hard times before liberation. 4 ____________ get a good mark I worked very hard before the exam. 5 I think the window was broken ___________ by someone. 6 You should ___________ the language points on the blackboard. They are useful. 7 They met at Tom’s party and later on ____________ with each other. 8 You can find ____________ English reading materials in the school library. 9 I am easy to be with and _____________my classmates pretty well. 10 They __________ in a small village so that they might not be found. 11 Which of the following statements is not right ____________ the above passage? 12 It’s getting dark. I ___________ be off now. 13 More than 1,000 workers ___________ the general strike last week. 14 All her earnings _____________ about 3,000 yuan per month. 二.用以下短语造句： 1.go through 2. no longer/ not… any longer 3. on purpose 4. calm… down 5. happen to 6. set down 7. wonder if 三. 翻译： 1.曾经有段时间，我对学习丧失了兴趣。（there was a time when…） 2. 这是我第一次和她交流。（It is/was the first time that …注意时态） 3.他昨天公园里遇到的是他的一个老朋友。（强调句） 4. 他是在知道真相之后才意识到错怪女儿了。（强调句） M 1 U 2 一. 把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）： play a …role (in) because of come up such as even if play a …part (in) 1 Dujiangyan(都江堰) is still ___________in irrigation(灌溉) today. 2 That question ___________ at yesterday’s meeting. 3 Karl Marx could speak a few foreign languages, _________Russian and English. 4 You must ask for leave first __________ you have something very important. 5 The media _________ major ________ in influencing people’s opinion s. 6 _________ years of hard work she looked like a woman in her fifties. 二.用以下短语造句： 1.make (good/full) use of 2. play a(n) important role in 3. even if 4. believe it or not 5. such as 6. because of
英语造句
English sentence 1、(1)、able adj. 能 句子：We are able to live under the sea in the future. (2)、ability n. 能力 句子：Most school care for children of different abilities. (3)、enable v. 使。。。能 句子：This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains. 2、(1)、accurate adj. 精确的 句子：We must have the accurate calculation. (2)、accurately adv. 精确地 句子：His calculation is accurately. 3、(1)、act v. 扮演 句子：He act the interesting character.（2）、actor n. 演员 句子：He was a famous actor. (3)、actress n. 女演员 句子：She was a famous actress. (4)、active adj. 积极的 句子：He is an active boy. 4、add v. 加 句子：He adds a little sugar in the milk. 5、advantage n. 优势 句子：His advantage is fight. 6、age 年龄n. 句子：His age is 15. 7、amusing 娱人的adj. 句子：This story is amusing. 8、angry 生气的adj. 句子：He is angry. 9、America 美国n. 句子：He is in America. 10、appear 出现v. He appears in this place. 11. artist 艺术家n. He is an artist. 12. attract 吸引 He attracts the dog. 13. Australia 澳大利亚 He is in Australia. 14.base 基地 She is in the base now. 15.basket 篮子 His basket is nice. 16.beautiful 美丽的 She is very beautiful. 17.begin 开始 He begins writing. 18.black 黑色的 He is black. 19.bright 明亮的 His eyes are bright. 20.good 好的 He is good at basketball. 21.British 英国人 He is British. 22.building 建造物 The building is highest in this city 23.busy 忙的 He is busy now. 24.calculate 计算 He calculates this test well. 25.Canada 加拿大 He borns in Canada. 26.care 照顾 He cared she yesterday. 27.certain 无疑的 They are certain to succeed. 28.change 改变 He changes the system. 29.chemical 化学药品