如何做动词填空题

如何做动词填空题

一、如何确定正确的时态

1、根据时间状语确定时态

时间状语与时态有着极为密切的关系，例如：A.I _____（write）now.B.I ____ （lose）my pen yesterday.C. We ____ （study ）English for two years.A句的时间状语now是指动作正在进行，故应用现在进行时态，答案应填am writing。B 句的时间状语是指过去时间，故动词应用一般过去时态，答案应填动词的过去式lost。C 句中的时间状语是指动作的延续，故应用现在完成时，答案应填have studied。

2、根据上、下文来确定时态

有些句子没有明显的时间状语，又不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定正确时态。例如：A.Who are you looking for？I ____ （look）for Xiao Wang.

B.Why didn 't you see the film yesterday？Because I ____ （see ）it.根据下文的语意来确定，A句应用现在进行时，答案应填am looking，B句应用过去完成时，答案应填had seen。

3、根据主从句的关系来确定时态

在主从复合句中，主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。

①在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的相应时态。例如：He said that Li Lei ______（finish）the work when Mr Wu came in.此句主句的谓语动词是said，所以宾语从句中的finish也该用过去时态。但到底使用过去时态的哪一种呢？由于宾语从句本身又有自己的时间状语，而且也是一般过去时，那么根据finish和come两个动作发生的前后时间关系来推理，finish 发生在come之前，即为过去的过去。所以空白处应填had finished。

②在宾语从句中，主句是一般现在时，从句可用任意需要的时态。例如：

A.I hear she came back yesterday.

B.He knows that Jim will work hard.

③在时间、条件状语从句中，若主句是一般将来时或是祈使句，从句要用一般现在时。例如：

A.I will go to the park with you if it _____ （not rain ）this afternoon.

B.I will give the book to her as soon as

I _____（see ）her.

以上答案分别是：doesn't rain，see。

4、根据语言习惯来确定时态

在按语法规则来正确使用时态的同时，我们还必须注意时态的某些特殊用法和习惯用法。

①进行时态可用来表示即将发生的动作。如go,leave,come.

例如：I am coming.我就来。

She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.她明天动身去上海。

②口语中可用一般过去时代替一般现在时，使语气变得委婉、客气或带有商量和征求意见的口吻。例如：

Would you please give me a piece of paper？请你给我一张纸好吗？

5、永恒的真理或客观存在的状态用一般现在时态。例如：

The earth goes round the sun. Light travels faster than sound.

6、句子是祈使句，或在情态动词、助动词后，谓语动词用原形。例如：A. Don't _____（read）in the sun.

B.You'd better ____（stay）at home.

以上答案分别是：read，stay。

二、注意所填动词的语态

如所填动词是谓语动词，应先根据主语和谓语动词之间的主、被动关系，确定动词的语态，一般说，句子主语是谓语动作的执行者，则用主动语态。若句子主语是动作承受者，则用被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。例如：This kind of bicycle ____ （make）inShanghai.

本句中的主语This kind of bicycle，不能执行make这一动作。相反，它是make动作的承受对象，故为被动语态。答案应填is made。

三、确定动词的非谓语形式

如果所填的动词在句子中不作谓语，那么就应考虑用动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式主要有：动词不定式、动词的-ing形式（现在分词或动名词）、过去分词等。到底采用哪一种形式，要根据习惯搭配、各种非谓语形式的用途和特点、修辞及句子结构的要求等方面来决定。

1.在be worth，be busy，what about，how about等之后用动词的-ing形式。例如：what about playing football now？

2.在介词之后一般应用动词的-ing形式。例如：He does well in playing basketball.

3.在keep，enjoy，finish，mind等动词后用动词的-ing形式。例如：You kept forgetting about your book.

4.在动词decide，hope，wish，refuse，plan等之后用动词不定式作宾语，而在ask，tell，order，invi te之后用动词不定式的复合结构，即“ask sb. to do sth.”的形式。例如

①Li Lei decided to help Mary with her English.

②Mr Smith asked me to help him.

5.在see，hear，watch，notice，let，make，help 等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式应省略不定式符号to。例如：A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.

6.在It's time（for sb.）to do sth.／It's very kind （nice，good）of sb. to do sth.／It takes sb. some time to do sth.的句型中使用to不定式短语作句子的真正主语。例如：It's time for us to go to school.

7.“疑问代／副词（why除外）＋to 不定式”结

构在句中可做主语、表语和宾语。例如：The question is when to start.

I don't kow where to go.

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