荷叶伞阅读附答案

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荷叶伞

李广田

我从一座边远的古城，旅行到一座摩天的峰顶，摩天的峰顶住着我所系念的一个人。

路途是遥远的，又隔着重重山水，我一步一步跋涉而来，我又将一步一步跋涉而归，因为我不曾找到我所系念的人。——因为，那个人也许在更遥远的地方，也许在更高的峰顶，我怀着满怀空虚，行将离开这个圣地。但当我以至诚的心为那人祷告时，我已经得到了那人恩惠，我的耳边又仿佛为柔风送来那人的言语：“给你这个——一把伞。你应当满足，因为这个可以使你平安，可以为你蔽雨。”于是，我手中就有一把伞了，而我的满足却使我洒下眼泪。

我细看我的伞，乃是一把荷叶伞，其大如荷时，其色如荷叶，而且有败荷的香气。心想：方当秋后，众卉俱摧，惟有荷叶，还在水面停留，如今我打了我的荷叶伞，我正如作了一枝荷叶的柄，虽然觉得喜欢，却又实在是荒凉之至。我向着归路前进，我听到伞上的雨声。

天原是晴朗的。正如我首途前来时的心情，明白而澄清，是为了我的伞而来的雨吗？还是因为预卜必雨而才给我以伞呢？这时天地黑暗，云雾迷蒙，不见山川草木，但闻伞上雨声。共初我还非常担心，我衣，我履，万一拖泥带水，将如何行得几千里路。但当我又一转念时，我乃寂寞地一笑了：哪有作为一枝荷叶梗而担心风雨的呢，白莲藕生长泥里，我的鞋子还怕什么露水。何况我的荷叶伞乃是神仙的赠品。

雨越下越大，而我却越感觉不安。因为我这时才发现出我的伞的妙用：雨小时伞也小，雨大时伞也大，当时雨急，我的伞也就渐渐开展着，于是我乃重致我的谢意。

忽然，我觉得我的周围有变化了，路上已不止我一个行人，我仿佛看见许多人在昏暗中冒雨前进。雨下得很急，他们均如孩子们在急流中放出的芦叶船叶儿，风吹雨打，颠翻漂没。我始觉得不安了。我恨我的伞不能更大，大得像天幕；我希望我的伞能分做许多伞，如风埂中花叶满江湖，我的念头使我无力，我的荷叶已不知于几时摧折了。

我醒来，这窗外的风雨正急。

（选自李广田散文《雀蓑记》）

1.本文所描的主要对象是“荷叶伞”，你能解读出这一形象的象征意义吗？

答：

2.“我”获赠“荷叶伞”后的心路历程产生了哪些变化？为什么会有这样的变化？

答：

3.你是如何理解“雨小时伞也小，雨大时伞也大”这句话含义的？

答：

4.以下是对本文内容的理解与赏析，错误的两项是（）

A通观全文，《荷叶伞》描写的应该是一个梦境，但“我”却是以逼真的口气来加以叙述的。

B、“我醒来，窗外的风雨正急”一语双关：风雨正急，我前行的脚步正急。

C、本文第8段与杜甫“大庇天下寒土俱欢颜”的境界有异曲同工之妙。

D、文中写荷叶“摧折”，所表达的是另一层面的无奈：个人能力有限，难以拯救众生。

E、全文托物抒情，荷叶伞，既能遮挡风雨，又可使人迎接雨后睛空。

【答案】

1.“荷叶伞”与人生的风风雨雨结伴而行，它象征着人在困境中坚强不屈的精神。

2.①“洒下眼泪”，因为“伞”上的声音使我非常“担心”。②“寂寞地一笑”，因为“荷叶伞”使我不必担心风雨。

3.人的坚强意志常随生活中遭遇的挫折而起变化：愈挫愈奋，愈挫斗志愈坚。（意思对即可）

4.B、E

【解析】

试题分析：

1.）“荷叶伞”是梦境中神仙的赠品，所以它是虚的，非物质的；其次，它与“我”的人生风雨相伴，使“我”平安，为“我”蔽雨。因此，它象征着人在困境中坚强不屈的精神。

2.解答此题前，我们不妨先来梳理一下散文的脉络：寻找梦想(充满希望)——不得而归(满怀空虚)——被赠伞(心怀感动)——做伞柄(喜欢却荒凉而孤独)——下雨(初担心自己淋雨)——雨大(觉悟后敢于面对困难)——希望伞欠而多(却无力改变现实)——荷叶摧折(梦碎)——醒来风雨正急(现实仍然残酷)。文章脉络清楚了，解答该题也就容易了。

3.首先把“伞”的寓意搞清楚，再联想“雨”的比喻义，然后合起来看“雨小时伞也小，雨大时伞也大”这句，就不难归纳出“愈挫弥坚”之意。

4.B、“窗外的风雨正急”喻指现实依然残酷。E、“伞”是象征，李广田先生有“伞”，他也在想着给别人谋得一把“伞”。他的行为是善的，善无大小，唯在尽心，这是一种高尚的德行。

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