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Good Matlab Programming Practices

for the Non-Programmer

1. READABILITY & ORGANIZATION

1.1 Use structures instead of globals; pass the structures to and from functions. This keeps the functions modular

and the variables obvious. It also helps organize the variables.

1.2 Use strings and SWITCH as a proxy for enumerated types, it's easy to use, fast and very readable:

fruit='apple';

switch(fruit)

case'apple',fun1;

case'banana',fun2;

end;

1.3 Use EVAL,FEVAL,EXIST, and other self modifying code sparingly. It may be really fun and very flexible, but its very

confusing if you're not the one debugging it. Do not use EXIST to repair faults in programming logic.

1.4 Avoid MEX files when possible; K.I.S.S. (Keep It Simple, Stupid). Most of the time, vectorization is the appropriate

solution and it allows us to keep most everything in one language, open and easily modified.

1.5 Use long variable names with underscores; it helps me avoid a great deal of documentation (ie.

delivery_yield_using_unwind_RP)

1.6 Make good use of comments! Try using headers. Avoid the if(0) construct, it is difficult to find, especially if you are using an

editor that offers syntactical highlighting (ie. Medit , Emacs, Xemacs, TextPad, Nedit).

1.7 It's nice to line up equal signs, spaces, and commas; this makes it easy to spot errors in similar statements.

1.8 Adopt a guideline for variable usage and commenting style. A common coding style is NOT necessary, as many programs (ie.

Emacs) can reformat style easily.

1.9 Use all capitals for global-type variables, ie. flags and comments.

1.10 Keep functions small. They may be re-used by other functions; besides it makes them easier to read and helps keep you

organized.

1.11 If a function is used only by one other function, include them in the same file.

1.12 Use "graceful degredation;" function outputs should include an error code. (please continue adding to this thread if you

want).

1.13 You may want to assure the shape of a vector (provided you know it’s a vector), by using it like this: myfun(x(:)). You can

check if x is a vector by ~isempty(x)&(sum(size(x)>1)<=1) .

1.14 Separate any generic code into another small function.

1.15 Keep lines short by using the continuation character (ellipsis).

1.16 Large indents can help late at night when those 2-space indents are hard to see.

1.17 It is not important that the function name match the file name, but it makes life easier.

1.18 Stick to one capitalization scheme throughout your program. On NT you can get creative with how you call your functions

since windows doesn't check case when it goes searching for files. This brings up platform independence problems

because UNIX is case sensitive.

2. SPEED

2.1 Use structures of arrays, not arrays of structures, unless it is important to your code. Arrays of structures are slow. Avoid DEAL, it's often slow. For

example, converting data of the form

t(1).rt_coupon=.045;

t(2).rt_coupon=.050;

t(3).rt_coupon=.060;

by typing s.coupon=[t.rt_coupon] can produce great speed advantages

2.2There is no need to duplicate data. Instead of using s.coupon.TU1=[5.625 5.500 5.000] and s.coupon.FV1=[5.500

6.000]you can do this:

s.coupon=[5.625 5.500 5.000 6.000]

TU1_index=[123];

FV1_index=[24];

Now you can reference s.coupon(TU1_index) and s.coupon(FV1_index).

2.3 Preallocate when possible, it enhances speed and often makes the code easier to read. But note, if You declare ZEROS or ONES matrices

(homogeneously) MATLAB may not improve the speed but if you use other special function (such as

RAND or LINSPACE) it may help.

2.3 Creative use of FIND,PROD,SUM,CUMSUM,NaN,REPMAT,RESHAPE,ONES and ZEROS can really help vectorize

your code, but try not to make the code too cryptic. There is a tradeoff between execution time and readability. If your statement is cryptic, either include an equivalent (but slow and easy to read) version in a comment or write a MEX file.

2.4 Use PROFILE to identify where you need to work on speed improvements.

USE

3. EASE

OF

3.1 Rather than populate variables with assignments (X=1,Y=3, etc), read in a CSV file. This allows an

inexperienced user to modify these values without having to touch the code.

4. GENERAL GOOD PRACTICE

4.1 Use TRY,CATCH,END generously. Error checking is important. It is far better to anticipate errors, but at least your code won't blow up.

4.2 Using the interpreter is too easy! Serious code review/reading, Sometimes printing the routine and reading it should precede machine execution. This is

the best defense against that class of bugs who do not race across the carpet in full view.

4.3 Routinely use the debugger to follow example execution of code. Can't emphasize this enough. Lookout for the code that worked without having to be

debugged in detail!

4.4 Whenever you have a block of new code that you're getting ready to check in, print it out, grab a highlighter, and step through it in the debugger.

Highlight every code line that gets hit, and keep using different combinations of inputs until every code line is highlighted. It doesn't take very long, and it's definitely worth it.

4.5 Check for the right number and type of arguments to functions, check the output of functions like FOPEN,EVAL,FZERO, etc. for failure (e.g.

singularities and other numerical problems) before carrying out the calculations.

Other items:

?Variable precision arithmetic and symbolic math are wonderful features of MATLAB not forget they exist.

EVALIN and ASSIGNIN exist. Using them in a program is probably problematic , but they are very useful for debugging

? Also

remember

?"The Practice of Programming" by Brian Kernighan and Rob Pike, Addison-Wesley (1999).

?Steve McConnell, 'Code Complete: A Practical Handbook of Software Construction', Microsoft Press, 1993, ISBN 1-55615-484-4

Compiled by Michael Robbins, CFA; Director, Proprietary Trading; CIBC World Markets Corp; michael.robbins@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1518296250.html,;robbins@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1518296250.html,

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1.林黛玉:三生石畔,灵河岸边,甘露延未绝,得汝日日倾泽。离恨天外,芙蓉潇湘,稿焚情不断,报汝夜夜苦泪。 2.薛宝钗:原以为金玉良缘已成,只待良辰,奈何君只念木石前盟,纵然艳冠群芳牡丹姿,一心只怜芙蓉雪。 3.贾元春:贤孝才德,雍容大度,一朝宫墙春不再,一夕省亲泪婆娑。昙花瞬息,红颜无罪,到底无常。 4.贾探春:虽为女流,大将之风,文采诗华,见之荡俗。诗社杏花蕉下客,末世悲剧挽狂澜,抱负未展已远嫁。

5.史湘云:醉酒卧石,坦荡若英豪,私情若风絮,嫁与夫婿博长安,终是烟销和云散,海棠花眠乐中悲。 6.妙玉:剔透玲珑心,奈何落泥淖,青灯古佛苦修行,高洁厌俗袅亭亭。可惜不测之风云,玉碎冰裂,不瓦全。 7.贾迎春:沉默良善,见之可亲,深宅冷暖,累遭人欺,腹中无诗情风骚,膺内缺气概魄力。空得金黄迎春名,可怜一载赴黄泉。 8.贾惜春:高墙白曼陀,冷水伴空门。孤寒寂立一如霜,如何能得自全法?狠心舍弃近身人。侯门金簪冰雪埋,海灯僻冷长弃世。 9.王熙凤:毒酒甘醇,罂粟灿艳,锦绣华衣桃花眼,眼明刀锋吊梢眉。何幸七窍玲珑心,只惜冷硬霜凝集。千机算尽,反误性命。 10.贾巧姐:七月七日,牵牛花开,绮罗金线裹绕成,家亡院坍落污地。幸有阴德济困危,得获余生农家栖。一亩薄田,岁月绵长。 11.李纨:寒梅立霜,春来朝气。本自名宦出,农家稻香自甘愿,忠贞侍亲犹清心。竹溪茅舍佳蔬,分畦田列落英,一世宁安。 12.秦可卿:花容柳腰,风情月韵。钗黛兼美太风流,袅娜温软惜早夭。荒唐言尽,辛酸泪流,引情凡世仙客来,红楼梦醒扶春归。 2. 陆雪琪只是微笑,深深凝视着他,这个在梦里萦绕了无数次的男子,许久之后,轻轻地,低低地道:“别管明天了,好吗?”

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Good news 佳音-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记第 15课 新概念英语第二册第15课课文详注 further notes on the text 1.the secretary told me that mr. harmsworth would see me. 秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。 would 在这里不是表示单纯的过去将来时,而是表示"想……"、"要……"的意思: what would you like to have? 你想要吃(喝)什么? john wouldn't lend me his bicycle. 约翰不愿意把他的自行车借给我。 2.he did not look up from his desk when i entered. 我进去的时候,他连头也没抬。 在这句话的look up中,look是它的本义"看"、"瞧"。look up一般表示原先在埋头干什么之后抬头看: he looked up(from his book)when he heard a noise. 他听到声音后就抬起了头。(原先在读书) 3.i knew that my turn had come. 我知道这次该轮到我了。 turn在这里是名词,意为"轮流"、"轮班"、"(依次轮流时各自的)一次机会": i have already asked two questions. now it's your turn. 我已经问了两个问题。该轮到你了。

when his turn came, he couldn't speak any word. 轮到他时,他却一个字也说不出来。 4.'mr. harmsworth,'i said in a weak voice."哈姆斯沃斯先生,"我无力地说。 weak在这里不是指身体虚弱,而是指声音"微弱"、"无力",因为怕被开除而感到紧张。 5.then he smiled and told me i would receive an extra thousand pounds a year! 然后他微笑了一下告诉我说,我每年将得到 1,000英镑的额外收入。 (1)extra 表示"额外的"、"外加的"、"份外的": on sundays, i usually get some extra sleep. 星期天我通常要多睡一会儿。 last month, he was paid an extra hundred pounds. 他上个月多得了100英镑。 (2)a在这里可译为"每一": i went to london once a month. 我每月去一次伦敦。 jack telephoned pauline four times a day. 杰克每天给波琳打4次电话。 新概念英语第二册第15课语法 grammar in use 间接引语(indirect speech)

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