动词后接动词不定式／动名词作宾语用法小结

动词后接动词不定式／动名词作宾语用法小结

动词是英语中最活跃的词性之一，其主要作用是在句中作谓语。在谓语动词后接动词作宾语时，主要分为两种情况：

Ⅰ动词加动词不定式

能以不定式做宾语的动词很多，常见的有：want，hope，wonder，wish，agree，try，manager，offer，decide，fail，refuse，ask，pretend，intend，attempt，teach，discuss等。例如：

I have learned to drive the car.

They refused to accept my suggestion.

He promised to come.

Ⅱ动词加动名词

在enjoy, appreciate, admit, consider, mind, avoid., miss, can’t help, deny, practise, allow, finish, imagine, forbid, suggest等这些动词之后要求

用动名词作宾语。例如：

Have you finished repairing your car?

She suggested spending another week in the country.

Do you feel like taking a walk.

通常要后接动名词作宾语的动词

英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时，通常要用不定式，不用动名词，这类动词主要admit(承认), advise(建议), allow(允许), appreciate(感激), avoid(避免), consider(考虑), delay(推迟), discuss(讨论), dislike(不喜欢), enjoy(喜爱), escape(逃脱), excuse(原谅), fancy(没

想到), finish(完成), forbid(禁止), forgive(原谅), give up(放弃), imagine(想像), keep(保持), mention(提及), mind(介意), miss(没赶上), pardon(原谅), permit(允许), practise(练习), prevent(阻止), put off(推迟), report(报告), resist(忍住), risk(冒险), stop(停止), suggest(建议), understand(理解)等。如：

I admit breaking the window.我承认打破了窗玻璃。

I advise waiting till proper time.我建议等到适当时机。

They avoided mentioning that name.他们避免提到那个名字。

He considered going to see Paul in person.他考虑亲自去找保罗。

They discussed selling the house.他们商量过卖房子的事。

She dislikes doing housework.她不喜欢干家务活。

Would you mind speaking less quickly?你可否讲得慢一点?

He forbids smoking during office hours.办公时间他禁止吸烟。

Try to imagine being on the moon.设想你在月球上。

He mentioned seeing her often.他提到过经常见到她。

I can’t understand treating children like that.那样对待孩子，我不能理解。

需要我们注意的是，有些动词既可用动词不定式也可用动名词作宾语。这两种结构在意义上有时差别不大，有时差别较明显。下面分别说一下这两种情况：

Ⅲ这两种情况在意义上差别不大的词有：love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue, need, intend, attempt等。例如：

1. Do you like playing(to play) chess?

2. When did you begin learning(to learn) French?

随着语言的发展，这些区别也在逐渐缩小，但需要注意的是：在like, love, prefer等动词后，若表示经常性的抽象的动作，多用动名词作宾语；若指特定的或具体的行动，则用不定式更多一些。例如：

1. I like swimming, but I don’t like to swimming today.

2. She prefers walking to cycling.

3. I prefer to stay at home today.

在begin, start等词的后面，在下面三种情况下，后接动词不定式较好:

?主语是物而不是人时：Ice begins to melt.

?本身是v-ing形式时: We are starting to clean the classroom.

?其后的动词与想法，感情有关时：I begin to realize that he is

wrong.

Ⅳ在两种结构在意义上差别较明显的动词有：remember, forget, regret, stop, mean, try等。例如：

1．remember后接动名词通常表示：记得干过某事的，跟动词不定式通常表示：别忘了，要记得干，动作并未发生：

●I remembered posting the letter today.

我记得今天把信寄走了。

●Please remember to post the letter today.

请别忘了今天把信寄走。

2．regret后接动名词，通常表示:对已发生的情况表示后悔，跟不定式通常表示:对将来的情况表示抱歉

●I regret to inform you that you won’t be able to attend the class.

我们遗憾地通知你们，你们将不能参加这个班。

●I regretted having done such a thing.

我后悔做了这样一件事。

3．mean后接动名词，通常表示:意味着，不定式通常表示:打算干什么。

●Failing this exam means waiting for a year.

这次考式不通过意味着要等上一年。

●I didn’t mean to argue with you.

我不想和你争辩。

4．try后接动名词，通常表示:式一式做某事，跟不定式通常表示:设法去做某事：

●Let’s trying doing the work in this way.

这项工作咱们这样式式看。

●I’ will work hard, and try to improve.

我将努力工作，并设法改进。

⒈不定式作宾语

①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：

agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail ,help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等，这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如：

I decided to ask for my money back.

I decided that I would ask for my money back.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot.

②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

He feels it his duty to help the poor.

③介词but, except, besides+to do(do)

在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如：

The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.

On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.

⒉动名词作宾语

①以下动词后，只能接动名词作宾语，如：

admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest, don't mind, give up, insist on, put off等。如：

I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.

You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm to your health.

②动名词作介词的宾语

I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home.

What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech?

动名词前的介词有时可以省略，如：

have difficulty(in)doing, have no trouble(in)doing, lose no time(in)doing, prevent /stop…(from)doing, there is no use(in)doing等。

⒊部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin, continue, start, hate, like, love, need, require, want等。

在need, require, want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但

要用被动形式，如：

Your handwriting needs improving(to be improved).

hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。

在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：

①hate, like, love前有would(should)时，如：

I'd like to have a cup of coffee.

②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：

The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.

③begin, continue, start与know, understand等状态动词连用时，如：

I soon began to understand what was happening.

⒋advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或

带不定式作宾语补足语。如：

Our teachers don't permit our swimming in the lake.

Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.

⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。

①forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名

词表示动作已经发生。如：

Don't forget fo post the letter for me.

Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?

Remember to close the windows before you leave.

I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the

meeting.

They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

②mean to do打算做某事

doing意味着……

I meant to catch up with the early bus.

This means wasting a lot of money.

③try to do设法尽力做某事

doing试着做某事

You should try to overcome your shortcomings.

Try working out the physics problem in another way.

④stop to do停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）

doing停止做某事

On the way to the airport,I stopped to buy a paper.

You'd better stop arguing and do as you are told.

⑤can't help doing禁不住……

to do不能帮助干……

They couldn't help jumping up at the news.

Sorry I have lots of work to do.So I can't help to make up the room for you.

⑥go on to do做不同的事或不同内容的事

doing继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续

He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。

We'll go on fighting so long as there is oppression inthe world.

⑦leave off to do离开某地去干什么（目的状语）

doing停下某事

It's time to leave off talking and to start acting.

They left off to go fishing.

动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析【含答案】

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动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法例句总结

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:接不定式作宾语的常用动词，接不定式作宾补的常用动词，接动名词作宾语的常用动词，接如今分词作宾补的常用动词，接动词原形作宾补的常用动词，接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相反的动词，接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的动词。 afford to do sth.担负得起做某事 agree to do sth.赞同做某事 arrange to do sth .布置做某事 ask to do sth.要求做某事 beg to do sth.恳求做某事 care to do sth.想要做某事 choose to do sth.决议做某事 decide to do sth.决议做某事 dema nd to do sth.要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决计做某事 expect to do sth.等待做某事 fear to do sth.惧怕做某事 help to do sth.协助做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 learn to do sth.学习做某事 man age to do sth.设法做某事 offer to do sth.自动提出做某事

plan to do sth.计划做某事 prepare to do sth.预备做某事 pretend to do sth.伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 容许做某事 refuse to do sth.回绝做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 wish to do sth.希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词: aim to do sth.计划做某事 fail to do sth.未能做某事 long to do sth.盼望做某事 happe n to do sth.碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth.犹疑做某事 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth .恳求某人做某事

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动词不定式归纳(含练 习及答案)

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动词不定式作宾语

动词不定式作宾语 ★动词不定式就是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不就是介词,而就是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称与数的变化。动词不定式与其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语,在句子中可以作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词。 1.动词+ 不定式 Want hope decide agree choose would like plan fail 上列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time、 司机没能及时瞧见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question、 我碰巧知道您那道问题的答案。 I decided to go to the countryside on vacation、 我决定去农村度假。 2.动词+疑问词+不定式 Know ask show teach think guess find out understand 上列动词或短语后可用疑问词加动词不定式短语结构 举例: Please teach me how to play the piano、 请教我怎么弹钢琴。 I must think what to do next、 我必须考虑下一步做什么。 3.动词+不定式∕动名词 Like love begin start 上列动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大 举例: I like singing, but I don’t like to sing now、 我喜欢唱歌,但就是我现在不想唱歌。 Stop forget remember try

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既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词 一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词 这类动词常见的有：like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / b egin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续/ can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻烦 / intend 想要 / attempt 试图 / cease 停止，等。如： He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。 He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。 Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。 注意：当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时，其后只能接不定式。如： I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚来看你。 另外，当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understa nd 等静态动词时，其后的动词只能用不定式。如： He is beginning to work in that company. 他即将开始去那个公司工作。 After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英语老师谈话之后，他开始喜欢英语了。 二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或动名词含义不同 动词 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后；接动名词作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如： I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。 I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了，但是他说我没有给。

动词不定式用法小结

动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如： We agreed to start early． She wants to be a doctor． b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 提示板： 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk．当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？ d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如： I tell him not to go there by bus ． Edison's mother taught him to read and write． b．let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如： The boss makes them work 16 hours a day．I heard her sing in the next room． 提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如： They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss． She was heard to sing in the next room． 4．作定语：放在被修饰的名词、代词后面 例句：I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 点击规律：动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in． Have you got some pens to write with？ 5．表语：放在连系动词be后面 例句：His wish is to become a scientist． The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives． 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。 6．作状语