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人教版八年级上册英语知识点

八年级上册英语知识点

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

一、短语

stay at home 待在家里 go on vacation 去度假 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩

visit museums 参观博物馆 quite a few 相当多 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 study for 为……而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间 taste good 尝起来很好吃 of course 当然 have a good time 玩得高兴 go shopping 去购物 feel like 给…的感觉；感受到 in the past 在过去 walk around

one bowl of… a bag of apples drink tea 喝茶 take photos 二、习惯用法 taste + adj. nothing…but+arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地

decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事

forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do sth.? 为什么不做……呢？

so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事三、词语辨析：

1. anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。

anywhere 在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can’t find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 2. seem + 形容词看起来….. You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold

It seems / seemed + 从句看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea.

3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.

4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换。 He started doing his homework.

（扩展，非必会）但以下几种情况不能用begin .

1)创办，开办： He started a new bookshop last month. 2)机器开动： I can’t start my car.

3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.

5. over 介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）= more than

My father is over 40 years old.

在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 The plan is flying over the montains. 超过： There are over 60 students in the class. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.

6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Don’t talk too much. much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。

The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast. 分辨三者的口诀：

too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。

7. because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 四、交际用语

1．- Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了？（一般过去式句子） -I went to the mountains.我去山区了。（一般过去式句子） 2．Long time no see.很久没见了。

3．Everything tasted really good. -切品尝起来真的很好。（一般过去式句子） 4. I felt like l was a bird ．我感觉我成了一只鸟。（一般过去式句子） 5．What a difference a day makes!多么与众不同的一天！五、语法：一般过去时

动词的过去式——分为规则动词和不规则动词两种：

规则动词的过去式：

? 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed 。 wanted ，played ? 以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，直接加-d 。 hoped ，lived

? 重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed stopped ? 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词变y 为i ，再加-ed 。 studied ，worried 以元音字母+y 结尾的动词，直接加-ed. played, enjoyed 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[id]。 ① 清辅音后，ed 要读[t]。worked ，finished ② 元音或浊辅音后，ed 要读 [d]。lived ，called ③

[t]或[d]后，ed 读[id]。 started ，needed

不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。 (书后最后一页) 如： be was do did go went come came

过去发生的动作——如：他昨晚做作业了。过去存在的状态——如：他出生于2000年1月。定义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态

语法构成：谓语动词用过去式

加下划线的单词：均为谓语动词，使用过去式。

【语法解析】

不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意：

1.some 和any +可数名/不可数名。some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。

2. 由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用第三单

3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting

知识点：

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物

2. taste + adj. 尝起来……

3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来

5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地

6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

13. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……

14. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事

15. keep doing sth. 继续做某事

16. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

词语辨析：

1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+名词复数“许多…”

2. seem 形容词看起来….. You seem happy today.

t o do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold

It seems + 从句似乎…. It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a good idea.

3. arrive in +大地点，arrive in / at = get to= reach+地点名“到达...”

at +小地点

（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home）

4. feel like sth/ doing sth. 感觉像是…

5. wonder “想知道”，+疑问词（who, what, why）引导的从句。

6. because of +名/代/V-ing

Because+从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

7. enough +名词“足够…”

形容词/副词+enough

◆作文

（一）I had a very good time in my last vacation. I went to the park in the morning. I walked around the park with my dog and watched people fly kites. Then I found several old people fish by the lake ,and it was very interesting. In the afternoon, I went shopping with my best friend and I bought a beautiful dress. We went to the cinema later in the evening and enjoyed a very good film, and it was exciting. In a word, it was a really nice vacation.

我上次度假玩得非常开心。我早上去了公园。在公园，我遛了狗并看了人们放风筝。然后我发现几个老人在湖边钓鱼，这事情非常有意思。下午我和我最好的朋友逛街，买了一条漂亮的连衣裙。晚上的时候我们看了电影并且非常喜欢这场好电影，它真的太刺激了。总之，这是一个非常开心的假日。

（二）This summer vacation , I went to the east of China with my parents for about nine days .First, I went to Shanghai by train .I spent one days to go to visit the World Expo Park and the Shanghai TV Tower. It is not the tallest one, but it is very beautiful. Then, I went to Hangzhou to see the West Lake and drunk “Long Jing Tea”. I also went to Suzhou by plane. There are many gardens there. I stayed there for about three days and Hangzhou for two days. The next place to go is Qingdao. Qingdao is a beautiful city. There have golden beach and a sea. The seawater and sky is clean and blue. There are many banana trees and coconut trees. We played on the beach and we all enjoyed the beautiful cities. At last day, we took the plane to back to Tianjin after supper. We had a good time!

这个暑假，我和父母去了中国的东部几天。首先，我坐火车去上海。我参观世了博园和东方明珠。东方明珠并不是最高的，但是它非常美丽。然后我去了杭州看西湖并喝了龙井茶。我还坐飞机去了苏州。那有很多公园。我在苏州待了三天，杭州待了两天。第二天我们去了青岛。青岛是个美丽的城市。那里有金沙湾和大海。海水和天空是干净和蔚蓝的。那有很多香蕉树和椰子树。我们在沙滩玩耍并享受这个美丽的城市。最后一天，我们会坐飞机回到天津吃晚饭。我们玩得很开心。（三）Last summer vacation, I went to visit Uncle Li with my parents by car. Uncle Li is my father's old friend. He lives near the sea. All his family are warm and friendly to us. They took us to visit a lot of places of interest there. Every day, we went for a walk along the beach after supper. We also enjoyed swimming. It was really cool. On the last day, we went shopping in the shopping center. My mother bought me some beautiful clothes. It made me very happy. We had a good time there.

去年暑假，我和父母坐车去拜访了我李叔叔。李叔叔是我爸爸的老朋友。他住得靠近海。他们家人对我们既热情又友善。他们带我们去参观了很多有意思的地方。我们每天晚饭后都沿着沙滩散步。我们还享受着游泳的乐趣。那真是太酷了。在最后一天，我们去了购物中心购物。我妈妈给我买了一些漂亮的衣服。这让我非常开心。我们玩的很高兴。

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

一、短语

look after = take care of 照顾surf the internet 上网healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康eating habits 饮食习惯take more exercise 做更多的运动the same as 与什么相同be different from 不同once a month一月一次

twice a week一周两次make a difference to 对什么有影响most of the students=most student shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物be good for 对什么有益

be bad for对什么有害come home from school放学回家of course = certainly = sure当然

get good grades取得好成绩keep/be in good health保持健康take a vacation 去度假

help with housework帮助做家务on weekends在周末how often多久一次

hardly ever几乎从不every day每天be free有空go to the movies去看电影

use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球

stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉

such as比如；诸如have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课

play sports进行体育活动go camping去野营not…at all一点儿也不……

in one’s free time在某人的业余时间the most popular最受欢迎的old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过less than少于

二、习惯用法

1. What’s your favorite……? 你最喜爱的……

2. How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？

How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少

3. 主语+find+that从句. ……发现……

4. by doing sth. = through +

帮助某人做某事

7. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事8. It’s+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的……的。

9. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事10. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式

三、词语辨析：

1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。

回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。

How often do you play sports? Three times a week.

how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。

How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?

how far 多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。回答或具体公里数，或30 minutes’ walk / drive…

How far is it from here to the park? It’s about 2 kilometers.

2. free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于have time.

I’ll be free next week. = I’ll have time next week.

还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。

The tickets are free. You’re free to go or to stay.

3. How come？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；

可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why, 但how come 开头的特殊疑问句

使用的仍然是陈述语序。

How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party?

4. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don’t stay up late next time.

stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。He stayed up all night to write his story.

5. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。

I went to bed at eleven last night.

go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。

She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.

6. find + 宾语+名词, 发现：We have found him (to be) a good boy.

find + 宾语+ 形容词，发现：He found the room dirty.

7. percent 百分数，基数词+ percent

percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。

Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.

Thirty percent of time passed.

8. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。

反义词组为：less than.

I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.

9. afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。

I’m afraid we can’t come here on time.

be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人/ 某事；

be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。

Some children are afraid of the dark. Don’t be afraid of asking question.

I’m afraid + 从句，恐怕，担心：I’m afraid I have to go now.

10.sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：

sometimes 频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，

可位于句首、句中或句末。(How often 提问)

Sometimes I get up very early. ------How often do you get up?

sometime 副词，某个时候。（When 提问）

表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.

I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ------When will you go to Shanghai next week?

some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，（how many times提问）I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story?

some time 名词短语，一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，（How long提问）

I’ll stay here for some time. -----How long will you stay here?

11. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never

频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中12.“次数”的表达方法

一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用基数词+ times

13. As for homework , most students do homework every day .

as for...意思是“至于；关于”，+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。

如：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。

14. That sounds interesting.

这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell

（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get

（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：

It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。

15. Be about（介词）“是关于…”+名/代/V-ing

16.however 副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末

17.not … at all 意为“一点也不”. not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。即否定句+ at all

e.g. Th e story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。

四、交际用语

1．How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？

2．What do you usually do on weekends?你通常在周末做什么？ 3．Does Sue eat a healthy breakfast?休吃健康的早餐吗？ 4．She says it's good for my health.她说那对我的健康有益。 5．He plays at least twice a week.他一周至少踢两次。 6．Here are the results .这是结果。

7．Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. 百分之四十五的（学生）一周锻炼四到六次。

8.Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育，但是游戏节目是最受欢迎的。 9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 通过使用互联网或看游戏节目来放松是好的。五、语法：一般现在时

什么是第三人称单数？ 1、人称代词he, she, it 是第三人称单数。

2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：

?Tom looks like her mother. 汤姆看起来像她的母亲。 ?Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。

?Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

3、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：

?A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ?This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ?That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ?The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。

4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代词this, that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：

?Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。

?There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 ?This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ?That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：

?The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ?The bread is very small. 那面包很小。

6、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：

?"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 ?"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点：

1. 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has ；动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is 。

定义：表示现在经常发生的、习惯性的动作或目前存在的状语法构成：

1、谓语动词用原形。

2、但当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。第4、5句下划线：为动词第三人称单数形式。

第6、7、8句下划线：为可数名词的复数。

2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用doesn't + 动词原形，如：

He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.

3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词does，如：

She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)

When / What time does she go home every day?

动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。

?stop－stops [s] ;?read－reads [z]

2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如：

fly－flies [z]；carry－carries [z]

3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如：teach－teaches [iz];

4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如：go－goes [z] do－does [z]

下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。

1、do [du:]－does [dz]

2、say [sei]－says [sez]

a few (少数的，几个，一些) a little (一点儿，少量) 表示肯定

few (很少的，几乎没有的) little (很少的，几乎没有的) 表示否定

修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词

作文

（一）I have a very healthy lifestyle. First of all, I sleep for at least eight hours a day. When I wake up in the morning, I usually have a glass of milk. I exercise three to four times a week by jogging or playing basketball. I eat a lot of vegetables and fruits every day. Lastly, I never drink coffee because it’s bad for my health.

我有一个非常健康的生活方式.首先,我每天至少有八个小时睡觉.当我醒来的时候,我通常在早上喝一杯牛奶.我每周通过慢跑或者打篮球锻炼三到四次.最后,我从来不喝咖啡,因为它对我的健康不好。

（二）I always have a busy and colorful weekend. On Saturday, I often do my homework. Then, I read some comic books or story books. After lunch, I often clean my room and wash my clothes. Sometimes, I will draw some pictures when I finish cleaning and washing. After dinner, I often go out to play badminton with my friends. But sometimes, we also play hide-and-seek together. In the evening, I often watch TV with my parents or play computer games by myself. After that, I am going to wash my face and feet. At last, I go to bed. On Sunday morning, I have to go to English training school to study English. In the afternoon, I often go to bookstore to buy some books. This is my weekend.

我的周末我总是会有一个繁忙但又多彩的的周末。星期六我通常做我的作业.然后，我读一些漫画书或故事书。午饭后，我经常打扫我的房间和洗衣服.有时候我也会在我打扫完房间和洗完衣服后画一些画。晚饭后，我经常到外面去和我的朋友打羽毛球。但有时候，我们也会一起玩捉迷藏。晚上，我经常和我的父母一起看电视，或自己一个人玩电脑游戏。之后，我就去洗脸和脚。最后，我才去睡觉。星期天早上，我不得不去英语培训学校学英语。下午，我经常去书店买一些书。这就是我的周末。

（三）

Class12,Grade 8: Activity Survey

Some students watch TV twice a week. Some students watch TV four times a week. Ten percent of students have sports every day. Some students have sports twice a week. Most students have sports four times a week. All the students do homework every day. No students do homework twice or four times a week.

这是八年12班德活动调查结果。大部分学生每天都看电视。一些学生一周看两次。还有一些一周看四次。百分之十的学生每天锻炼。一些学生一周断粮两次。大部分一周锻炼四次。所有的学生每天都写作业。没有学生是每周做两或四次作业的。

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

一、短语

more outgoing 更外向 as…as…与……一样…… care about 关心；介意 the singing competition 唱歌比赛be similar to 与……相像的/类似的 be good with 善于与……相处 the same as 和……相同；与……一致 be different from 与……不同 be good at 擅长…… be like a mirror 像一面镜子

the most important 最重要的 as long as 只要；既然 bring out 使显现；使表现出 get better grades 取得更好的成绩 reach for 伸手取 in fact 事实上；实际上 make friends 交朋友 the other 其他的 touch one’s heart 感动某人 be talented in music 有音乐天赋二、习惯用法

as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样……

It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。

have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事

as…(原级)as 与……一样…… not as/so…as 不如三、词语辨析： 1. laugh v. & n. 笑

We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。 We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。

He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与at 连用）嘲笑

Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。

People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。 Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。 2. though conj.

虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although ，都不与but 连用。

Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。

Though he was poor, he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。

though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。

Jim said that he would come.H e didn’t , though.

四、交际用语

1．Sam has longer hair than Tom.萨姆的头发比汤姆的头发长。（比较级）

2．Both Sam and Tom can play the drums.萨姆和吉姆两个都会敲鼓。

3．That's Tara，isn't it?那是塔拉，是不是？

4.A good friend likes to do the same things as me.好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情（原级）。

5．A good friend truly cares about me.好朋友要真的关心我。

6.But I think friends are like books - you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.

但是我认为朋友就像书一样——只要他们是好的，你就不需要很多。

五、语法：形容词和副词的比较级

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：

1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very, so, too, pretty, really；

2）比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much, a lot, a little；

3）最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。

书上114 页

【语法解析】

一．形容词比较级

1. 形容词的原形就是原级；比较级表示较……或更……；最高级表示最...。

2. 比较句型:A + be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B

“A比B更……”（注意：A与B必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比）

3. 副词比较级常用的句型结构：

?“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”表示“A比B…”

?比较A ，B两人/两事物问其中哪一个较…时用句型；

“Wh o/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级，A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

4.much, a lot, lots of + 比较级加强语气

a bit, a little + 比较级削弱语气

even, still, far, only + 比较级

5. very, so, too, much too, pretty, quite + 原级

特殊用法

1.“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”

2. “the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是：”越…越…”The more, the better.

3.主is the 形比+of the two+名复“主语是两者中较...”

4. 两者在某一方面相同：A+谓语动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard as Tom.

表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”

Eg. I am not as tall as my sister.

形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。

例句

1. Who is taller, A or B? Who is the tallest, A, B or C?

2. Lisa is 8 years old, Tom is 6, so Lisa is older than Tom.

3. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. one of 和序数词都与最高级搭配

4. is the second tallest boy in my class.

5. Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.

6. Shanghai is bigger than all the other cities in China.

7. Shangbai is bigger than any other city in China.

8. Shanghai is bigger than any of the other cities in China.

9. Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. 10. Bob is the more outgoing of the two boys. 11. Susan is much more beautiful.

12. Alice is quite beautiful. 13. Tom runs as fast as Bob.14. Tom is as tall as Bob. 15. She is more and more beautiful. 16. Sheis smarter and smarter. 17. The more exercise you do, The stronger you will be. 18. The more you learn, the better grades you will get. 二、知识点

1.have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心 have fun doing sth :做某事很开心

2. do the same things as me.

the same …as… 表示：与谁一样。

3. A good fried is good at sports.（翻译）be good at…意为擅长,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。同义词组：do well in

4. care about ，意为关心 care for 意为关爱;

take care (当/小心) take good care of (照顾)=look after well

5.makes me laugh. (翻译)让我发笑; make sb. do sth.意为：让某人做某事. His father always makes him wake up before five o’clock.(让他起床)

make sb. +形容词：使某人保持某种状态: e.g. My friends always make me happy 6.be like“就像…”:I am like your sister. Look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister. 7.That’s why+句子：那就是…的原因/那就是为什么… Eg: 那就是我学习英语的原因：

8.It’s+形+（for sb.）to do sth. “做某事（对某人来说）是... ” 9. make friends with sb.与某人交朋友

10. as long as 只要；既然，引导条件状语从句,主将从现。 11. be different from 与……不同； be the same as 与…… 相同 12.get better grades 取得更好的成绩

作文

请你比较一下你和你的好朋友Alice 之间的异同。可以从外貌、性格、爱好及学习等方面进行对比，紧紧抓住不同点与相同点这两个方面进行描写。

I have a good friend. Her name is Alice. We are in the same class. In some ways, we are the same, but in some ways, we are different. I am as tall as Alice. But she is heavier than me. We both have black hair. But my hair is longer than hers. Alice is more outgoing than me. She likes sports. But I like music. She

4~7句为同义句，同范畴里的比较，可以存在其它other 的使用。

8句为外围某个体与群体的任何作比较，用any 。

新人教版八年级上册英语知识点总结大全

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八年级上册英语知识点总结完整版

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Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点： 1. go on vacation去度假go to the mountains 上山/进山 2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考go out出去 4. quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）take photos照相most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好 taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词 7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself） 8. go shopping去购物9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有 He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。 10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。 11.keep a diary记日记 12. in+大地方：达到某地（get to +地方：达到某地） arrive at+小地方：达到某地(get的过去式为got)

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We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与Which...? 1. what与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于：What does your father do?What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如： ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？--The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...? 是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如： What color do you like best? （所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？ Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）你最喜爱哪一种颜色？ 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如： Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？ 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些： always（总是，一直）usually（通常）often（常常，经常） sometimes（有时候）never （从不） 2.频度副词的位置： a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如： David is often late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如：

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2018新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 【重点语法】不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意： 1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。 some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。 2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。 3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting 【重点短语】 1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

人教版八年级上册英语知识点

八年级上册英语知识点 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、短语 stay at home 待在家里 go on vacation 去度假 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 quite a few 相当多 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 study for 为……而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间 taste good 尝起来很好吃 of course 当然 have a good time 玩得高兴 go shopping 去购物 feel like 给…的感觉；感受到 in the past 在过去 walk around one bowl of… a bag of apples drink tea 喝茶 take photos 二、习惯用法 taste + adj. nothing…but+arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地 decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do sth.? 为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事三、词语辨析： 1. anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can’t find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 2. seem + 形容词看起来….. You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold It seems / seemed + 从句看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave. 4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换。 He started doing his homework. （扩展，非必会）但以下几种情况不能用begin . 1)创办，开办： He started a new bookshop last month. 2)机器开动： I can’t start my car. 3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.

人教版八年级英语(上册)知识点总结(完整版)

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go on vacation 去度假 stay at home 待在家里 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 quite a few 相当多 study for 为……而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间 taste good 尝起来很好吃 have a good time 玩得高兴 of course 当然 feel like 给……的感觉；感受到 go shopping 去购物 in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走 because of 因为 one bowl of…一碗…… the next day 第二天 drink tea 喝茶 find out 找出；查明 go on 继续 take photos 照相 something important 重要的事 up and down 上上下下 come up 出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事

八年级上册英语知识点归纳1-2单元

八年级上册英语知识点归纳 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、短语归纳 go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习go out出去 most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴 = of course当然 feel like给……的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物 in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为（与 because的区别P6）one bowl of…一碗…… the next day第二天drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下come up出来二、用法归纳 taste + adj. 尝起来…look+adj. 看起来…… how do you like。。。=what do you think of。。。你觉得。。。怎么样？例：你觉得新来的老师怎么样？ there is nothing much to do没什么事可做（P3）。Nothing special （）对比：anything special（P2）anywhere interesting(P2) nothing…but+名词/动词原形除了……之外什么都没有我今天早上只喝了一杯茶____________________________________________________ 我除了看电视，无事可做_____________________________________________ seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…（P3）例：你今天看起来很高兴____________________________ arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地 = decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（P6） enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth=begin doingsth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事(P6 ) dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事(p7) keep doing sth.继续做某事（P8） Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢=why don’t you do sth（表示建议） how about doing sth =what about doing sth =shall we do sth （表示建议） so+adj.+that+从句如此…以至于…(P8)(注意与so that 的区别) tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事（P8） too many/ too much/ much too 三者的区别below/above（）bring/take（）P5

八年级上册英语知识点总结

八年级上册英语:第二单元知识点总结八年级上册英语:第二单元知识点总结现在完成时: 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或结果,常与recently, ever, never,already,yet ,just,before still连用; 2.表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for+时间段或since+时间点连用。结构:have+过去分词, get into=enter进入, what’s the price of …=how much is …问价格 dream about梦到, dream of 梦见, around the world=all over the world全世界, stay with sb.与某人呆一起 stay at home呆在家里, stay in bed呆在床上 , walk to =go to…on foot步行去 take off 脱下,起飞, land on/in /at 着路, all over China,全中国, take a seat =have a seat 请坐 , come ture实现, fly to =go to ...by plane,坐飞机

drive to =go to …by car开车, at the end of在…尽头/结尾 sell out 卖光, at the end 在结束时, have been to去过 ,have gone to 去了 everyday English日常英语, first price一等奖, The most exciting experience最激动人心的经历, before long不久, long before=soon=a little later很久以前, no problem没问题, have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困难, work out a problem解决一个问题, invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事 invite sb to some place邀请某人去某地, one day,某一天, some day某一天 , 连系动词,一是be 一感觉feel ,一保持keep,三变become, get turn, 四起来taste ,smell , look, sound,后跟形容词作表语。不定代词:somebody, some one某人,anybody,anyone 任何人nobody,no one,没人everyone,everybody每个人,something某物 ,anything任何物,nothing没事,everything一切事物,修饰他们的形容词放后。

初二英语上册知识点总结

1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如： How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today?你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如： ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？ ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2.What...? 是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如： What color do you like best?（所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？ Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 你最喜爱哪一种颜色？（有特定的范围） 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如： Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？ 4) 频度副词的位置

2019八年级上册英语知识点

人教版八年级上册英语单元词组及搭配 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 词组 go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多study for为……而学习go out出去most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴of course当然feel like给……的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天drink tea喝茶find out找出；查明go on继续 take photos照相something important重要的事up and d own上上下下come up出来搭配 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来……nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地decide to d o sth.决定去做某事 try d oing sth.尝试做某事/ try to d o sth.尽力去做某事 forget d oing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to d o sth.忘记做某事 enjoy d oing sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start d oing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to d o sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事语法：不定代词和一般过去时态 Unit2 How often do you exercise? 词组 help with housework帮助做家务on weekends在周末how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次twice a month每月两次every day每天be free有空 go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少have dance and piano l essons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动be good for对……有好处go camping去野营not…at all一点儿也不…… in one’s free time在某人的业余时间the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如ol d habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过less than少于搭配 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to d o sth. 做某事的……的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式语法：频率副词的用法

人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结(最新最全)

八年级英语上册知识点总结 Unit 1 How often do you exercise？一、词汇精讲 1、 always、usually、often、sometimes、hardly ever和never always、usually、often、sometimes、hardly ever和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。（1）always 的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。 The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳总是东升西落。（2）usually 的频度为70%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。 He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。（3）often 的频度为50%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。 He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。（4）sometimes 的频度为20%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。多用于一般现在时。 It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。

Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way. 他有时这样做，有时那样做。（5）hardly ever 的频度为5%左右，意为“几乎不”、“偶尔”，表频率，位置是“行前be后”。 I hardly ever go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。（6）never 的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。 My parents are never late for work. 我父母上班从来不迟到。（3）sometimes、sometime、some time和some times He was sometimes late for school. 他有时上学迟到。

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