奥巴马总统在南非前总统曼德拉追悼会上的悼辞

Barack Obama：Remarks at Memorial Service for Former South African President Nelson Mandela

巴拉克?奥巴马在在南非前总统曼德拉追悼会上的悼辞Delivered December 10, 2013, First National Bank Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa

2013年12月10日发表于南非约翰内斯堡国家第一银行运动场

张少军译、校

Thank you. (Applause.) Thank you so much. Thank you. To Gra?a Machel and the Mandela family; to President Zuma and members of the government; to heads of states and government, past and present; distinguished guests -- it is a singular honor to be with you today, to celebrate a life like no other. To the people of South Africa -- (applause) -- people of every race and walk of life -- the world thanks you for sharing Nelson Mandela with us. His struggle was your struggle. His triumph was your triumph. Your dignity and your hope found expression in his life. And your freedom, your democracy is his cherished legacy.

谢谢你们！非常感谢你们！谢谢各位！格拉萨?马歇尔（莫桑比克前总统马歇尔遗孀、曼德拉的最后一任妻子）、曼德拉家族成员、祖马总统和政府成员、各国或各政府的前任或现任首脑、尊敬的各位嘉宾：今天能和你们一起来纪念一位非凡的人是一种难得的荣誉。南非人民——各种族各行业的南非人：世界感谢你们和我们一起分享曼德拉。他的奋斗就是你们的奋斗。他的凯旋就是你们的凯旋。你们的尊严与希望在他的生命中找到了最好的表达，你们的自由与民主政体是他最宝贵的遗产。

It is hard to eulogize any man -- to capture in words not just the facts and the dates that make a life, but the essential truth of a person -- their private joys and sorrows; the quiet moments and unique qualities t hat illuminate someone’s soul. How much harder to do so for a giant of history, who moved a nation toward justice, and in the process moved billions around the world.

颂扬一个人其实很难——光凭言语，不仅要捕捉那些造就一个生命的事实与岁月，更要描绘一个人的本质精神，描绘那能够揭示某人灵魂的他那私密的欢乐与悲哀，他那安静的时刻与独特的品质；而要颂扬一位历史巨人，一位鼓舞一个国家走向正义并在这过程中鼓舞了全球几十亿人民的巨人，更是难上加难。

Born during World War I, far from the corridors of power, a boy raised herding cattle and tutored by the elders of his Thembu tribe, Madiba would emerge as the last great liberator of the 20th century. Like Gandhi, he would lead a resistance movement -- a movement that at its start had little prospect for success. Like Dr. King, he would give potent voice to the claims of the oppressed and the moral necessity of racial justice. He would endure a brutal imprisonment that began in the time of Kennedy and Khrushchev, and reached the final days of the Cold War. Emerging from prison, without the force of arms, he would -- like Abraham Lincoln -- hold his country together when it threatened to break apart. And like America’s Founding Fathers, he would erect a constitutional order to preserve freedom for future generations -- a commitment to democracy and rule of law ratified not only by his election, but by his willingness to step down from power after only one term.

出生于第一次世界大战期间，远离权力的中心，在放牧牲口中长大，在坦布部落长者的教导下成人，马迪巴(部落长者给曼德拉的荣誉头衔，后来成了曼德拉的同义词)将成为20世纪最后一位伟大的解放者。如同甘地，他将领导一个反抗运动——一个开始时几乎看不到成功前景的运动；如同马丁?路德?金博士，他为被压迫者为种族平等的道德必要性发出有力的声音；他将忍受残酷的监禁，从肯尼迪与赫鲁晓夫的时代开始，直到冷战的结束；出狱后，放弃武力，如同亚伯拉罕?林肯，他将把他面临分裂威胁的国家团结在一起；如同美国的开国领袖们，他将建立宪政秩序为未来的世世代代保有自由——不仅通过选举执政，而且通过一届总统任期后的自愿放弃权力，来信守他对民主和法治的承诺。

Given the sweep of his life, the scope of his accomplishments, the adoration that he so rightly earned, it’s tempting I think to remember Nelson Mandela as an icon, smil ing and serene, detached from the tawdry affairs of lesser men. But Madibahimself strongly resisted such a lifeless portrait. (Applause.) Instead, Madiba insisted on sharing with us his doubts and his fears; his miscalculations along with his victories. “I am not a saint,” he said, “unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying.”

鉴于他旋风般的一生、他生平成就的高度、他理应赢得的爱戴，我想，建一座平静微笑的、区别于一般人俗艳浮夸的雕像来纪念纳尔逊?曼德拉，应该是一个诱人的想法。然而曼德拉本人强烈反对这样一种毫无生气的雕像。反之，曼德拉坚持与我们一起分享他的怀疑与畏惧，

以及伴随着胜利的他的失误。“我不是圣人，”他说，“除非你们认为圣人就是一个不断努力的罪犯。”

It was precisely because he could admit to imperfection -- because he could be so full of good humor, even mischief, despite the heavy burdens he carried -- that we loved him so. He was not a bust made of marble; he was a man of flesh and blood -- a son and a husband, a father and a friend. And that’s why we learned so much from him, and that’s wh y we can learn from him still. For nothing he achieved was inevitable. In the arc of his life, we see a man who earned his place in history through struggle and shrewdness, and persistence and faith. He tells us what is possible not just in the pages of history books, but in our own lives as well.

正因为他能够承认自身的不完美，他是那样充满幽默感，所以他即便身负重任依然是那样淘气——而我们也喜欢他这样。他不是大理石雕制的半身像，他是一个有血有肉的人——一个儿子、一个丈夫、一个父亲、一位朋友。这就是为什么，我们从他身上学到如此之多；这就是为什么，我们依然要向他学习。他所取得的成功，没有一样是必然发生的。在他生命的轨迹中，我们认识到一个人是如何凭借奋斗、机敏、坚持与信念来赢得自己在历史上的地位。他告诉我们，那些关于何事具有可能性的知识，不单写在历史课本上，也写在我们的生活实践中。

Mandela showed us the power of action; of taking risks on behalf of our ideals. Per haps Madiba was right that he inherited, “a proud rebelliousness, a stubborn sense of fairness” from his father. And we know he shared with millions of black and colored South Africans the anger born of, “a thousand slights, a thousand indignities, a thous and unremembered moments…a desire to fight the system that imprisoned my people,” he said.

曼德拉向我们显示了行动的力量以及为理想而甘冒风险的力量。也许曼德拉是对的，当他说到他从父亲那里继承了“一种生气勃勃的叛逆精神，一种不屈不挠的正义感”。当他说到他与数百万黑人及南非有色人种共同的愤怒——一种产生于无数侮辱、无数轻蔑、无数被遗忘时刻的愤怒，一种反抗那禁锢了我的人民的制度的愿望。”（我怀疑原文此处有错：And we know与he said应删去一处）

But like other early giants of the ANC -- the Sisulus and Tambos -- Madiba disciplined his anger and channeled his desire to fight into organization, and platforms,

and strategies for action, so men and women could stand up for their God-given dignity. Moreover, he accepted the consequences of his actions, knowing that standing up to powerful interests and injustice carries a price. “I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I’ve cherished the idea l of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to di e.” (Applause.)

但是像“非国大”的早期领导人西苏禄与坦博一样，马迪巴压抑他的怒火，把他战斗的渴望导入组织、论坛以及行动策略的研究，以便人们能够挺身而出，维护他们与生俱来的尊严。更重要的是，他承担行动的后果，知道挺身而出反对强大的利益集团与社会不公必然付出代价。“我反对白人专政也反对黑人专政。我珍视民主与自由社会的理想——在那里，所有人和谐共处、机会平等。这是一个我希望能活着实现的理想；然而如果必要，我也准备为之牺牲。”

Mandela taught us the power of action, but he also taught us the power of ideas; the importance of reason and arguments; the need to study not only those who you agree with, but also t hose who you don’t agree with. He understood that ideas cannot be contained by prison walls, or exti nguished by a sniper’s bullet. He turned his trial into an indictment of apartheid because of his eloquence and his passion, but also because of his training as an advocate. He used decades in prison to sharpen his arguments, but also to spread his thirst for knowledge to others in the movement. And he learned the language and the customs of his oppressor so that one day he might better convey to them how their own freedom depend upon his. (Applause.)

曼德拉告诉我们行动的力量，也告诉我们理想的力量。他告诉我们推理与辩论的重要，也告诉我们学习的必要——不仅向那些与我们志同道合的人学习，也向那些与我们意见不同的人学习。他懂得，监狱的大墙关不住信念，狙击手的子弹杀不死信念。他能够把对自己的审判转变成对种族隔离政策的控诉，不仅因为他的雄辩与激情，也得益于他作为一个演说家的训练。他用被监禁的几十年时间来磨砺淬炼他的辩论技巧，他还把自己对知识的渴望传递给运动中的其他人。他学习他的压迫者的语言与习惯，以便有一天能够更好地告诉他们，压迫者自身的自由其实奠基于他的自由之上。

Mandela demonstrated that action and ideas are not enough. No matter how right, they must be chiseled into law and institutions. He was practical, testing his beliefs against the hard surface of circumstance and history. On core principles he was unyielding, which is why he could rebuff offers of unconditional release, reminding the Apartheid regime that “prisoners cannot enter into contracts.”

曼德拉证明，仅有行动与想法是不够的。不管有多么正确，它们必须形成法律与制度。他是一个注重实践的人，他总是让自己的信仰接受现实与历史的检验。他在核心原则上是绝不动摇的，这就是为什么他能拒绝“无条件释放”的提议，提醒种族隔离政权“囚犯不能订立契约”。

But as he showed in painstaking negotiations to transfer power and draft new laws, he was not afraid to compromise for the sake of a larger goal. And because he was not only a leader of a movement but a skillful politician, the Constitution that emerged was worthy of this multiracial democracy, true to his vision of laws that protect minority as well as majority rights, and the precious freedoms of every South African. 然而正如他在权力移交和法律起草的艰苦谈判中所显示的那样，他从不害怕为了更远大的目标而退让妥协。而也正因为他不仅是一个群众运动的领导者，更是一位精明干练的政治家；所以后来形成的南非《宪法》不仅与南非多民族民主政体相称，也符合曼德拉关于法律的愿景——法律要像保护多数人的权利一样保护少数人的权利，保护每一个南非人宝贵的自由。

And finally, Mandela understood the ties that bind the human spirit. There is a word in South Africa – Ubuntu -- (applause) -- a word that cap tures Mandela’s greatest gift: his recognition that we are all bound together in ways that are invisible to the eye; that there is a oneness to humanity; that we achieve ourselves by sharing ourselves with others, and caring for those around us.

说到底，曼德拉意识到那维系人类精神的纽带。南非有一个词叫“乌班图” (Ubuntu，意为“人道对待他人”)，这个词其实就体现了曼德拉最伟大的天赋——他承认有一条看不见的纽带把人类联系在一起，他认识到人性是统一的——我们只有和其他人分享自我并关心周围的人，我们才能最终实现与完成自我。

We can never know how much of this sense was innate in him, or how much was shaped in a dark and solitary cell. But we remember the gestures, large and small -- introducing his jailers as honored guests at his inauguration; taking a pitch in a Springbok uniform; turning his family’s heartbreak into a call to confront HIV/AIDS -- that revealed the depth of his empathy and his understanding. He not only embodied Ubuntu, he taught millions to find that truth within themselves.

我们永远不会知道这种意识有多少得自天赋，有多少成型于黑暗与孤独的牢狱；但我们都记得他那大大小小的种种姿态——他在总统就职典礼上像介绍贵宾一样介绍他的看守；他穿上跳羚队的球衣为橄榄球比赛（它在南非被视为白人运动，足球则被视为黑人运动）开球；他将痛失亲人的悲伤化为防治艾滋病的呼吁——这显示了他怜悯与理解所达到的深度。他不仅将“乌班图”具体化，还教导千百万人寻求他们内心深处的良知。

It took a man like Madiba to free not just the prisoner, but the jailer as well -- (applause) -- to show that you must trust others so that they may trust you; to teach that reconciliation is not a matter of ignoring a cruel past, but a means of confronting it with inclusion and generosity and truth. He changed laws, but he also changed hearts.

正是出于“乌图班”精神，像“马迪巴”这样的人才能让囚犯和看守同获自由——它昭示你必须信任别人，别人才可能信任你的道理；它告诫人们，和解并不是无视那悲惨的过去，而是以包容、慷慨和真诚来面对它。他不仅改变了法律，而且教化了人心。

For the people of South Africa, for those he inspired around the globe, Madiba’s passing is rightly a time of mourning, and a time to celebrate a heroic life. But I believe it should also prompt in each of us a time for self-reflection. With honesty, regardless of our station or our circumstance, we must ask: How well have I applied his lessons in my own life? It’s a question I ask myself, as a man and as a President.

对于南非人民，对于被他所激励的全世界人民，“马迪巴”的辞世的确是一个悲恸的时刻，一个赞美他英勇一生的时刻。但我相信，它还应当是一个促使我们每个人反省的时刻。不论我们的身分地位或生活处境，我们都必须坦诚自问：在自己的生活中，在践行他的教诲方面我做得有多好？这就是我向自己提出的问题——作为一个普通人，也作为一位总统。

We know that, like South Africa, the United States had to overcome centuries of racial subjugation. As was true here, it took sacrifice -- the sacrifice of countless people, known and unknown, to see the dawn of a new day. Michelle and I are beneficiaries of that struggle. (Applause.) But in America, and in South Africa, and in countries all around the globe, we cannot allow our progress to cloud the fact that our work is not yet done.

我们都知道，像南非一样，美国也必须克服那延续了几个世纪的种族压迫。像南非一样，它必以牺牲为代价——为了新世纪曙光的照临，无数知名与不知名的人作出了牺牲。米歇尔和我是他们奋斗的受益者。然而，在美国、在南非、在全世界所有国家，我们都不能因为已有的进步而无视我们的工作尚未完成这一事实。

The struggles that follow the victory of formal equality or universal franchise may not be as filled with drama and moral clarity as those that came before, but they are no less important. For around the world today, we still see children suffering from hunger and disease. We still see run-down schools. We still see young people without prospects for the future. Around the world today, men and women are still imprisoned for their political beliefs, and are still persecuted for what they look like, and how they worship, and who they love. That is happening today. (Applause.)

在追求形式平等或普遍的公民权利方面取得胜利之后，斗争可能不像过去那样充满戏剧性，道义上也不像过去那样泾渭分明，但其重要性依然不减半分。因为，今天，在世界各地，我们依然看到忍受饥饿和病痛的孩子，依然看到破败不堪的学校，依然看到找不到未来的青年。今天，在世界各地，人们依然由于其政治信仰而被监禁，依然由于他们的外貌、宗教和性爱选择而受迫害。这种情况，今天依然在持续发生。

And so we, too, must act on behalf of justice. We, too, must act on behalf of peace. There are too many people who happily embrace Madiba’s legacy of racial reconciliation, but passionately resist even modest reforms that would challenge chronic poverty and growing inequality. There are too many leaders who claim solidarity with Madiba’s struggle for freedom, but do not tolerate dissent from their own people. (Applause.) And there are too many of us on the sidelines, comfortable in

complacency or cynicism when our voices must be heard.

因此，我们也必须为正义而行动，我们也必须为和平而行动。有太多的人欣然拥抱“马迪巴”的种族和解遗产，却热衷于抵制最温和的改革——那旨在减少旷日持久的贫困和日益扩大的贫富差距的改革；有太多的领导人声称支持“马迪巴”争取自由的斗争，却不能容忍本国人民有任何异议；我们中间有太多人，在必须发出声音的时候袖手旁观，悠然自得于自己的安逸或犬儒。

The questions we face today -- how to promote equality and justice; how to uphold freedom and human rights; how to end conflict and sectarian war -- these things do not have easy answers. But there were no easy answers in front of that child born in World War I. Nelson Mandela reminds us that it always seems impossible until it is done. South Africa shows that is true. South Africa shows we can change, that we can choose a world defined not by our differences, but by our common hopes. We can choose a world defined not by conflict, but by peace and justice and opportunity.

我们今天面临的问题——如何促进平等和正义、如何支持自由和人权、如何制止冲突和宗派战争——这些问题都没有简单的答案；但是，在那个出生于一次世界大战期间的孩子面前也没有。纳尔逊·曼德拉提醒我们，一项事业在它成功之前看起来总是希望渺茫。南非证明他说得对。南非证明，我们能够变革，我们能够选择一个不是由我们的差异而是由我们的共同希望所定义的世界。我们能够选择一个不是由冲突而是由和平、正义和机会所定义的世界。

We will never see the likes of Nelson Mandela again. But let me say to the young people of Africa and the young people around the world -- you, too, can make his life’s work your own. Over 30 years ago, while still a student, I learned of Nelson Mandela and the struggles taking place in this beautiful land, and it stirred something in me. It woke me up to my responsibilities to others and to myself, and it set me on an improbable journey that finds me here today. And while I will always fall short of Madiba’s example, he mak es me want to be a better man. (Applause.) He speaks to what’s best inside us.

我们不会再看到像纳尔逊·曼德拉一样的人。但是，请允许我对非洲的年轻人和全世界的年轻人说，你们一样能够把他毕生的事业当作自己的事业。三十多年前，当我还是一名学生时，

我了解到纳尔逊·曼德拉以及在这片美丽的土地上进行的斗争，它搅动了我内心的某种情愫。它唤醒了我对他人和自己的责任，它使我踏上了一个似乎毫无希望的旅程，正是它让我今天站在这里。尽管我永远不能企及“马迪巴”典范的高度；然而是他让我努力成为一个更好的人。他表达了我们内心最好的自己。

After this great liberator is laid to rest, and when we have returned to our cities and villages and rejoined our daily routines, let us search for his strength. Let us search for his largeness of spirit somewhere inside of ourselves. And when the night grows dark, when injustice weighs heavy on our hearts, when our best-laid plans seem beyond our reach, let us think of Madiba and the words that brought him comfort within the four walls of his cell: “It matters not how strait the gate, how charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul.”

在这位伟大的解放者长眠之后，当我们返回各自的城市与村庄返回我们庸常的工作生活之时，让我们去探寻他的力量，让我们从内心深处去发掘他博大宽厚的精神。当夜色渐浓，当非正义沉重地压在我们的心头，当我们精心打造的计划看来不能实现，让我们想想“马迪巴”以及他身陷囹圄时给他安慰的诗句：“不管监狱之门如何狭窄，不管罪名刑罚如何深重，我是我命运的主宰：我是我灵魂的船长。”

What a magnificent soul it was. We will miss him deeply. May God bless the memory of Nelson Mandela. May God bless the people of South Africa. (Applause.)

这是多么高贵的灵魂。我们将深深地怀念他。愿上帝保佑我们对纳尔逊?曼德拉的记忆。愿上帝保佑南非人民。

奥巴马在亚利桑那州立大学毕业典礼上的演讲

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to achieving his dream of following in the footsteps of the Tuskegee Airmen. And Eric was taken from us far too soon. And our thoughts and prayers will continue to be with his family, his friends, and this entire community. (Applause.) 今天，我想告诉你们，XX届的毕业生们，虽然你们取得了生命中一个重要的里程碑，虽然你和你们的家人都理所应当为此感到自豪，你们却不能依赖过去的荣誉。你们不能停滞不前。因为今晚我们聚集在这里，面对的是一个困难重重的时期，不管是对美国还是整个世界来说，都是如此。对于你们许多人来说，这些挑战也和你们的切身利益有关。也许你还在找工作，也许你还在苦苦思考在这个经济破败的时期，从事什么职业才比较有意义。 现在，面对这些挑战，很容易落入最近几年很是流行的成功秘诀的俗套。这个套路大概是这样的：你受的教育告诉你要追逐一切功名利禄;你想方设法要进入“名人录”或者“100强”;你一门心思要赚大钱，想象着自己的高级办公室该有多大;你担心自己没有一个响亮的头衔，没有一辆炫目的轿车。这就是我们日复一日收到的信息，也是在我们的文化中早已根深蒂固的信息——通过物质财富的占有，通过仅仅为了一己之私而进行的无情竞争——这些就是你衡量成功与否的标准。

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报上的一纸空文将无损于我一根毫毛。 第2任美国总统：约翰·亚当斯（John Adams 1797-1801） 我的一生是一个连着一个的失望。在我的记忆中，我所孜孜以求的东西几乎没有一例成功。不过，我怀着对上帝由衷的感激之情，承认我 的一生亦同样充满着我未曾追求亦未曾预料到的非凡而又 巨大的成功。 富者很少具有谦逊、机灵和仁爱的品德。他们的财富总是使他们变得吝啬而又自私。 商业的气息与纯洁的心灵和高尚的精神格格不入，而没有心灵的纯洁与高尚就不会有共和国的幸福。 如果没有托马斯·潘恩的这支笔，乔治·华盛顿所举起的剑将是徒然无功。 当过总统之人，谁也不会为朋友的当选而表示祝贺。他的每一项任命，将使一人忘恩负义，百人成为宿敌。

权力自然而然增长，为什么呢？因为人的欲壑难填。 第3任美国总统：托马斯·杰斐逊（Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809） 不要因为别的人相信或否定了什么东西，你也就去相信它或否定它。上帝赠予你一个用来判断真理和谬误的头脑。那你就去运用它吧！ 在文明世界中,如果一个国家想要在无知的同时得到自由,这种期盼以前没有过,以后也永远不会实现。 世界上每个人，每一群人，都有自治的权利。 如果我们不被上帝统治，就一定会被暴君统治。 并非第一个意见上的差异都是原则上的差异，只是在同一原则上，我们有不同的说法罢了。 我们有良好的宗教，虽然各以不同的形式自称和实践，但出发点都是教育人们诚实、坦白、自制、感恩和爱他人。

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著名的英语演讲稿

篇一：百篇著名英文演讲 奥巴马纪念曼德拉 the president: at his trial in 1964, nelson mandela closed his statement from the dock saying, i have fought against white domination, and i have fought against black domination. i have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. it is an ideal which i hope to live for and to achieve. but if needs be, it is an ideal for which i am prepared to die. 总统：纳尔逊?曼德拉（nelson mandela）在1964年接受审判时在被告席上结束他的陈述时说：“我曾为反对白人统治而斗争，也曾为反对黑人统治而斗争。我一直珍藏着一个民主、自由的社会的理想，让所有人都生活在一个和谐共处、机会均等的社会中。我希望为这个理想而生并将其付诸实现。但是，如果需要，我也愿为这样一个理想献出生命。” and nelson mandela lived for that ideal, and he made it real. he achieved more than could be expected of any man. today, he has gone home. and we have lost one of the most influential, courageous, and profoundly good human beings that any of us will share time with on this earth. he no longer belongs to us -- he belongs to the ages. 纳尔逊?曼德拉为这个理想而生，并将其变成现实。他的成就超出了我们能够寄望于任何一个人去取得的。今天，他安息了。而我们失去了一位我们任何一个人能在这个地球上与之共渡时光的人中最有影响力、最有勇气、最无比善良的一位。他不再属于我们——他属于千秋万世。 曼德拉以其强烈的尊严和为了他人的自由不惜牺牲自己的自由的不折的意志，改变了南非的面貌，并感动了我们所有人。他从一名囚徒变成一位总统的历程体现了全人类——以及各个国家——都能变得更美好的希望。他移交权力并同那些关押他的人和解的承诺树立了一个全人类都应当追求的典范，不论是在国家生活中，还是在我们的个人生活中。而他在做到这一切时还能保持风度和幽默，以及承认自己的不足的能力，这使他更加卓尔不群。他曾说过：“我不是一个圣人，除非你们认为圣人是一个不断努力的罪人。” 我是从曼德拉的一生得到启迪的千百万人之一。我从事的第一次政治活动，第一次同任何议题、政策或者政治有关的活动，是一次反对种族隔离的抗议。我常常学习他的言论和文章。他走出监狱的那一天使我意识到，人类在奔向希望而没有恐惧的时候是何等的大有作为。我和世界各地许多人一样，无法想象如果没有曼德拉树立的榜样，我自己的一生会是什么样子。在我有生之年，我将竭尽所能向他学习。 米歇尔和我谨向格拉萨?马歇尔和曼德拉的家人致以最深沉的慰唁，并感谢他们与我们分享这位不平凡的人。他的毕生努力意味着长年累月远离最爱他的人们。我真切地希望与他共同度过的最后这几个星期为他的家人带来了平静与安慰。 to the people of south africa, we draw strength from the example of renewal, and reconciliation, and resilience that you made real. a free south africa at peace with itself -- thats an example to the world, and thats madibas legacy to the nation he loved. 对南非人民，我们要说，你们通过复生、和解与坚毅树立的榜样给了我们力量。一个自由、和平的南非——这是世界的榜样，这是“马迪巴”为他所热爱的国家留下的遗产。 we will not likely see the likes of nelson mandela again. so it falls to us as best we can to forward the example that he set: to make decisions guided not by hate, but by love; to never discount the difference that one person can make; to strive for a future that is worthy of his sacrifice.

奥巴马纪念曼德拉演讲

Remarks by President Obama at Memorial Service for Former South African President Nelson Mandela ,First National Bank Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa December 10, 2013 Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you. To Gra?aMachel and the Mandela family; to President Zuma and members of the government; to heads of states and government, past and present; distinguished guests -- it is a singular honor to be with you today, to celebrate a life like no other. To the people of South Africa -- -- people of every race and walk of life -- the world thanks you for sharing Nelson Mandela with us. His struggle was your struggle. His triumph was your triumph. Your dignity and your hope found expression in his life. And your freedom, your democracy is his cherished legacy. It is hard to eulogize any man -- to capture in words not just the facts and the dates that make a life, but the essential truth of a person -- their private joys and sorrows; the quiet moments and unique qualities that illumi nate someone’s soul. How much harder to do so for a giant of history, who moved a nation toward justice, and in the process moved billions around the world. Born during World War I, far from the corridors of power, a boy raised herding cattle and tutored by the elders of his Thembu tribe, Madiba would emerge as the last great liberator of the 20th century. Like Gandhi, he would lead a resistance movement -- a movement that at its start had little prospect for success. Like Dr. King, he would give potent voice to the claims of the oppressed and the moral necessity of racial justice. He would endure a brutal imprisonment that began in the time of Kennedy and Khrushchev, and reached the final days of the Cold War. Emerging from prison, without the force of arms, he would -- like Abraham Lincoln -- hold his country together when it threatened to break apart. And like America’s Founding Fathers, he would erect a constitutional order to preserve freedom for future generations -- a commitment to democracy and rule of law ratified not only by his election, but by his willingness to step down from power after only one term. Given the sweep of his life, the scope of his accomplishments, the adoration that he so rightly earned, it’s tempting I think to remember Nelson Ma ndela as an icon, smiling and serene, detached from the tawdry affairs of lesser men. But Madiba himself strongly resisted such a lifeless portrait. Instead, Madiba insisted on sharing with us his doubts and his fears; his miscalculations along with his vi ctories. “I am not a saint,” he said, “unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying.” It was precisely because he could admit to imperfection -- because he could be so

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改变世界的天才——乔布斯 一、乔布斯的性格造就了这一个伟人 1、激情 乔布斯最大的优点，归结起来的话，就是激情。他的这种激情，能够把众多优秀的人集结在一起为他工作，虽然痛苦不堪却仍旧愿意为他工作下去。他有神奇的谈判能力，帮他化险为夷。神奇的凝聚力使他周围聚集了非常多优秀的人。 2、争做领头羊 回顾乔布斯的一生，乔布斯早在开发出第一款苹果电脑时便已经远远地走在了时代的前沿。早年的计算机技术主要是强调技术，而乔布斯则率先关注了设计以及使用的便捷性，这也为他在后来推出产品的特性奠定了基础。在他心目当中，电脑应该是一款优雅、简洁并且可以轻松方便地用来了解世界的时尚产品，而大众应该人手一份，同时可以用它来做任何事情。乔布斯在2010年1月发布iPad 时，在演说收尾时指出：“单靠科技是远远不够的，必需要让科技与人文科学以及人性相结合，其成果必需能够让用户产生共鸣。”这段台词对于科技业的领袖来说十分不可思议，但是如果了解了乔布斯的背景的话，这也不难理解他为何会如此表述了。 3、关注细节 他将自己把不同行业和学科集成的思维归功于自己关注细节。他表示，“为了让自己能够睡个好觉，我必须确保所有产品的外观美学、设备质量都必须一丝不苟地完成。”他在开发第一台麦金塔电脑的时候曾经强烈要求电脑不能内置冷却扇，以确保电脑运行的时候能够足够安静——他将用户的需求凌驾于了工程设计之上。

4、相信自己的知觉 他在评估和开发潜在新产品的时候更乐意相信他自己的直觉。他表示：“很多情况下，人们在见到一件新事物之前是很难说出自己到底想要什么的。”而他的观点在大多数情况下毫无疑问是正确的：在他的职业生涯中，他的成功远远超过了失败。一位苹果的早期员工称乔布斯拥有“屏蔽现实”的本领，以便追寻自己的内心直觉，但是最终他却能够改变现实，通过魔法般的手段重塑了电脑与音乐、通讯以及媒体的关系。乔布斯在年轻的时候曾经表示“希望能够做出一番让宇宙为之一震的事业。”而他也的确做到了。 二、乔布斯是如何带领苹果走向世界的（非凡的商业头脑） 三、乔布斯的经历早期发展（主要是他在苹果公司时的坎坎坷坷） 苹果公司成立初期，苹果机的生意清淡。1976年7月，一个偶然的机遇给苹果公司带来了转机。零售商保罗·特雷尔（Paul Jay Terrell）来到了乔布斯的车库，当看完乔布斯演示完电脑后，决定订购50台整机，这是做成的第一笔生意。 之后苹果公司开始了小批量生产。1976年10月，马尔库拉前来拜访沃兹和他们的车库工场。马尔库拉是位电气工程师，擅长推销工作，他主动帮助他们制定一份商业计划，给他们贷款69万美元，有了这笔资金，苹果公司的发展速度大大加快了。 1977年4月，乔布斯在美国第一次计算机展览会展示了苹果Ⅱ号样机。1980年12月12日，苹果公司股票公开上市，在不到一个小时内，460万股全被抢购一空，当日以每股29美元收市。按这个收盘价计算，苹果公司高层产生了4名亿万富翁和40名以上的百万富翁。乔布斯作为公司创办人排名第一。

2013年奥巴马就任总统演讲2013.1.21(中英文版)

视频参考 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/201195765.html,/p/news/w/v/2013-01-22/052261982905.html Vice President Biden, Mr. Chief Justice, Members of the United States Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow citizens: Each time we gather to inaugurate a president, we bear witness to the enduring strength of our Constitution. We affirm the promise of our democracy. We recall that what binds this nation together is not the colors of our skin or the tenets of our faith or the origins of our names. What makes us exceptional – what makes us American – is our allegiance to an idea, articulated in a declaration made more than two centuries ago: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable r ights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.” Today we continue a never-ending journey, to bridge the meaning of those words with the realities of our time. For history tells us that while these truths may be self-evident, they have never been self-executing; that while freedom is a gift from God, it must be secured by His people here on Earth. The patriots of 1776 did not fight to replace the tyranny of a king with the privileges of a few or the rule of a mob. They gave to us a Republic, a government of, and by, and for the people, entrusting each generation to keep safe our founding creed. For more than two hundred years, we have. Through blood drawn by lash and blood drawn by sword, we learned that no union founded on the principles of liberty and equality could survive half-slave and half-free. We made ourselves anew, and vowed to move forward together. Together, we determined that a modern economy requires railroads and highways to speed travel and commerce; schools and colleges to train our workers。 Together, we discovered that a free market only thrives when there are rules to ensure competition and fair play. Together, we resolved that a great nation must care for the vulnerable, and protect its people from life’s worst hazards and misfortune. Through it all, we have never relinquished our skepticism of central authority, nor have we succumbed to the fiction that all society’s ills can be cured through government alone. Our celebration of initiative and enterprise; our insistence on hard work and personal responsibility, these are constants in our character.

曼德拉总统生平英语简介

曼德拉总统生平英语简介 纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉（Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela）1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格。曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。 在任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛的领袖。当他领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年。1990年出狱后，转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。 曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。2004年，其被选为最伟大的南非人。 2013年12月6日（南非时间5日），曼德拉在约翰内斯堡住所去世，享年95岁。南非为曼德拉举行国葬，全国降半旗。 Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei,(特兰斯凯 ) South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was a Chief (酋长)of a tribe． Mandela has strong character even from he was a child and he advocates national hero vuey much．As the oldest son in his family, Mandela was appointed as the successor of the tribe,but he refused that ．He said he would never adominate a tribe,which was under oppressed,with a cheif identify．He wanted to throw himself into the career of the national liberation．He joined the African National Congress （非洲人国民大会简称ANC）in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party‘s apartheid policies （种族隔离政策）after 1948. Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）and qualified in law in 1942. After the banning of the ANC in 1960,Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC．In June 1961,he became the commander(总司令) of the military organization．Because of his political activity,he went on trial for treason （叛国罪） in 1956-1961 ．In 1962 ,mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years'imprisonment with hard labour． In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and the military organization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密谋） to overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock (被告席)received considerable international publicity. On June 12 ,1964,mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment(终身监禁) .From 1964 to 1982,he was incarcerated(关押) at Robben Island prison,off cape Town;thereafter,he was at pollsmoor prison,nearby on the mainland. He stayed in the prison for 27 yeas and he consistently refused to compromise

百篇著名英文演讲

奥巴马纪念曼德拉 THE PRESIDENT: At his trial in 1964, Nelson Mandela closed his statement from the dock saying, "I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." 总统：纳尔逊?曼德拉( Nelson Mandela )在1964 年接受审判时在被告席上结束他的陈述时说：“我曾为反对白人统治而斗争，也曾为反对黑人统治而斗争。我一直珍藏着一个民主、自由的社会的理想，让所有人都生活在一个和谐共处、机会均等的社会中。我希望为这个理想而生并将其付诸实现。但是，如果需要，我也愿为这样一个理想献出生命。” And Nelson Mandela lived for that ideal, and he made it real. He achieved more than could be expected of any man. Today, he has gone home. And we have lost one of the most influential, courageous, and profoundly good human beings that any of us will share time with on this Earth. He no longer belongs to us -- he belongs to the ages. 纳尔逊?曼德拉为这个理想而生，并将其变成现实。他的成就超出了我们能够寄望于任何一个人去取得的。今天，他安息了。而我们失去了一位我们任何一个人能在这个地球上与之共渡时光的人中最有影响力、最有勇气、最无比善良的一位。他不再属于我们——他属于千秋万世。 Through his fierce dignity and unbending will to sacrifice his own freedom for the freedom of others, Madiba transformed South Africa -- and moved all of us. His journey from a prisoner to a President embodied the promise that human beings -- and countries -- can change for the better. His commitment to transfer power and reconcile with those who jailed him set an example that all humanity should aspire to, whether in the lives of nations or our own personal lives. And the fact that he did it all with grace and good humor, and an ability to acknowledge his own imperfections, only makes the man that much more remarkable. As he once said, "I am not a saint, unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying." 曼德拉以其强烈的尊严和为了他人的自由不惜牺牲自己的自由的不折的意志，改变了南非的面貌，并感动了我们所有人。他从一名囚徒变成一位总统的历程体现了全人类——以及各个国家——都能变得更美好的希望。他移交权力并同那些关押他的人和解的承诺树立了一个全人类都应当追求的典范，不论是在国家生活中，还是在我们的个人生活中。而他在做到这一切时还能保持风度和幽默，以及承认自己的不足的能力，这使他更加卓尔不群。他曾说过：“我不是一个圣人，除非你们认为圣人是一个不断努力的罪人。” I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandela's life. My very first political action, the first thing I ever did that involved an issue or a policy or politics, was a protest against apartheid. I studied his words and his writings. The day that he was released from prison gave me a sense of what human beings can do when they're guided by their hopes and not by their fears. And like so many around the globe, I cannot fully imagine my own life without the example that Nelson Mandela set, and so long as I live I will do what I can to learn from him. 我是从曼德拉的一生得到启迪的千百万人之一。我从事的第一次政治活动，第一次同任何议题、政策或者政治有关的活动，是一次反对种族隔离的抗议。我常常学习他的言论和文章。他走出监狱的那一天使我意识到，人类在奔向希望而没有恐惧的时候是何等的大有作为。我和世界各地许多人一样，无法想象如果没有曼德拉树立的榜样，我自己的一生会是什么样子。在我有生之年，我将竭尽所能向他学习。 To Gra?a Machel and his family, Michelle and I extend our deepest sympathy and gratitude for sharing this extraordinary man with us. His life's work meant long days away from those who loved him the most. And I only hope that the time spent with him these last few weeks brought peace and comfort to his family.

曼德拉总统就职演说稿

曼德拉总统就职演说 陛下，殿下，尊贵的嘉宾，同胞们，朋友们： 今天，我们会聚于此，与我国和世界其他地方前来庆贺的人士一起，对新生的自由赋予光辉和希望。 这异常的人类悲剧太过漫长了，这经验孕育出一个令全人类引以自豪的社会。作为南非的一介平民，我们日常的一举一动，都要为南非创造现实条件，去巩固人类对正义的信念，增强人类对心灵深处高尚品德的信心，以及让所有人保持对美好生活的期望。 对我的同胞，我可以毫不犹疑地说，我们每一个人都跟这美丽祖国的大地亲密地牢不可分，就如红木树之于比勒陀利亚，含羞草之于灌木林。我们对这共同的家乡在精神上和肉体上有共同的感觉，当目睹国家因可怕的冲突而变得四分五裂，遭全球人民唾弃、孤立，特别是它成为恶毒的意识形态时，我们的内心如此地痛苦。 我们南非人民，对全人类将我们再度纳入怀抱，感到非常高兴。不久之前，我们还遭全世界摒弃，而现在却能在自己的土地上，招待各国的嘉宾。我们非常感谢我国广大人民，以及各方民主政治、宗教、妇女、青年、商业及其他方面领袖所作的贡献，使我们取得了上述的成就。特别功不可没的，是我的第二副总统——德克勒克先生。 治愈创伤的时候已经来临。消除分隔我们的鸿沟的时刻已经来临。创建的时机就在眼前。 我们终于取得了政治解放。我们承诺，会将依然陷于贫穷、剥削、苦难、受着性别及其他歧视的国人解放出来。 我们已成功地让我们千千万万的国人的心中燃起希望。我们立下誓约，要建立一个让所有南非人，不论是黑人还是白人，都可以昂首阔步的社会。他们心中不再有恐惧，他们可以肯定自己拥有不可剥夺的人类尊严——这是一个在国内及与其他各国之间都保持和平的美好国度。 作为我国致力更新的证明，新的全国统一过渡政府的当务之急是处理目前在狱中服刑囚犯的特赦问题。 我们将今天献给为我们的自由而献出生命和作出牺牲的我国以至世界其他 地方的英雄。 他们的理想现已成真，自由就是他们的报酬。 作为一个统一、民主、非种族主义和非性别主义的南非首任总统，负责带领国家脱离黑暗的深谷。我们怀着既谦恭又欣喜的心情接受你们给予我们的这份荣誉与权利。 我们深信，自由之路从来都不易走。我们很清楚，没有任何一个人可以单独取得成功。 因此，为了全国和解，建设国家，为了一个新世界的诞生，我们必须团结成为一个民族，共同行动。