国庆模考题第三天

Section 5

1.The Labrador duck is one of the most________ extinct birds: although there are a fair number of specimens, few have yielded reliable data and little is known about the species’ breeding patterns.

A. anomalous

B. controversial

C. enigmatic

D. misrepresented

E. cherished

2.People frequently attempt to relieve their workplace frustrations via surreptitious comments around the water cooler but would be better able to resolve their resentment

3.Pioneering medical research scientists’ (i)________ claims regarding the (ii)________ new researches make the public wonder their own doctors are not dispensing miracles. There are forces, both external and internal, on scientists that most require them to (iii)________. Without money, there is no science. Researchers must constantly convince administrators who control tax dollars, investors, and individual donors that the work

4.Traditional Vietnamese culture has long promoted the idea of gender equality. Founding myths (i)________the equal division of labor in child care for mothers and fathers. As is often the case, however theoretical commitments are (ii)________ actual

5.Despite the occasional (i)________ of their venues, the culture of corporate conferences is a deeply (ii)________ conference, each day consisted of nearly nine hours of continuous lectures and panels enlivened by pleasantries or anything that could be construed as a joke. The only (iii)________ sensory deprivation of the sessions came from

6.Galaxy Zoo set a standard for citizen-scientist participation project. Zealous volunteers (i)________ the project’s organizers by classifying an entire catalog of galaxies years ahead of schedule. (ii)________ by the (iii)________ of the volunteer, the Galaxy Zoo

Current studies of early modern absolutism—rule by one person with absolute authority—emphasize continual negotiations between ruler and ruled. Some rulers who often staged spectacular displays of their might spent much of their time arranging deals and forestalling opposition, negotiating constantly with nobles and others for acceptance of their rule. The effective ruler was not the one who brusquely subdued opponents, but the one who both avoided antagonizing those opponents who could not be easily subdued and who gradually lured most others into his court with political appointments. The rule of Cosimo I de’ Medici, a sixteenth-century duke of Tuscany, exemplifies this strategy. Beginning from a weak position, Cosimo became one of Europe’s most powerful rulers, founding a dynasty that lasted well beyond his lifetime.

7.Which of the following actions by a ruler would best serve as an example of the “strategy” referred to in the passage?

A.Marrying the son or daughter of the ruler of a neighboring territory despite parental opposition.

B.Putting on a spectacular parade to celebrate a recent military victory.

C.Installing one’s heirs in positions of power be fore they reach adulthood.

D.Seizing the properties of the local nobility in order to increase personal holdings.

E.Awarding a potential competitor a coveted position in the royal palace in exchange for allegiance.

8.Which of the following best describe the purpose of the underlined sentence?

A.It rejects a view of early modern absolutism represented in many current studies.

B.It points to a truth about early modern absolutist ruler that is often overlooked by contemporary scholars.

C.It formulates a method of governing that current scholars see as typical of early modern absolutist rulers.

D.It challenges a view of early modern absolutist rulers for which the author believes there is insufficient evidence.

E.It raises questions about a strategy used by an early modern ruler whom the author regards as having been particularly successful.

In 1948, James Baldwin, like many African American writers before him, left the United States to live and write in Paris. Around this time, Baldwin had been reading the work of the earlier White American novelist Henry James, who had also left his homeland to write from Europe. Baldwin may have been attract ed to James’s thematic focus on “the eternal outsider” as an alternative to the pretest tradition of fiction, with its explicit social and political didacticism—a tradition that Baldwin found to be confining. Baldwin aspired to achieve in his fiction the kind of universalism that mainstream critics and readers did not usually associate with the work of Black writers, he was determined, he said, to prevent himself from becoming “merely a Negro writer.” While Baldwin’s first novel, Go Tell It on the Mountain (1953), is set in the African American community of Harlem and features characters closely modeled on Baldwin’s own family, his s econd novel, Giovanni’s Room (1956), moved far beyond this social setting: its narrator is a White American living in Paris, and all the other characters are White as well. Indeed, critic Leslie Fiedler found it odd that not a single African American appeared in the Paris of the novel, despite their well-known presence in that city.

Though Baldwin’s use of an all-White cast seemed brave when the novel was first published, there were notable precedents. For African American writers at the turn of the twentieth century, such as Charles Chesnutt and Paul Laurence Dunbar, the so-called raceless novel featuring White characters and plots devoid of racial and social themes was a commercial venture, usually a love story. Late, in the 1930s and 1940s, William Attaway, Chester Himes, and Willard Motley, influenced by the naturalist movement, which had brought the ethnic working class into American literature, all wrote novels about White characters struggling with social and economic obstacles. However, these novels’explicit acknowledgment of their characters’ social and ethnic backgrounds meant that they were not considered “raceless” in the old-fashioned sense. The “raceless” novel returned with Richard Wright’s Savage Holiday (1954). Wright’s portrait of a White New York insurance executive suffering a breakdown was greeted in some quarters with the argument that in dealing exclusively with White characters, Wright had denied himself the subject matter that had given his other work its ferocious animation. But eith er the novel with White ethnic main characters or the “raceless” novel appears, at least as an experiment, in the careers of the best-known expatriate African American writers. In the 1950s, African American writers had few chances to demonstrate that they had any knowledge of life that did not have something to do with Black. Those who wrote about White characters were, in effect, questioning the definitions of the Black writer, if not of African American literature itself.

9.The author of the passage suggests that Baldwin shared which of the following with the African American writers discussed in the last sentence of the passage?

A.An interest in presenting American characters in European settings.

B. A desire to challenge some readers’ and critics’ assumpti ons about Black writers.

C. A skepticism about the effectiveness of didacticism in fiction.

D. A preoccupation with the theme of “the eternal outsider”.

E. A dissatisfaction with earlier Black writers’ “raceless” novels.

10.It can be inferred that the author of the passage mentions an observation by Leslie Fiedler primary in order to

A.emphasize the deliberateness of Baldwin’s exclusion of African American characters from Giovanni’s Room.

B.contrast Baldwin’s depiction of certain themes in Giovanni’s Room with his treatment of those themes in Go Tell It on the Mountain.

C.suggest that Giovanni’s Room did not win Baldwin the kind of response he had hoped for from mainstream critics.

D.explain why Baldwin chose to set Giovanni’s Room in a European rather than American city.

E.challenge one view about why Baldwin chose to write a novel in which the narrator and all the other characters are White.

11.The passage suggests that which of the following was one possible reason for Baldwin’s interest in the work of Henry James?

A.Similarities between James’s and Baldwin’s ideas about literary style.

B.Similarities between James’s and Baldwin’s reasons for leaving the United States to write in Europe.

C.James’s use of social an d political themes for didactic purpose.

D.James’s reputation among mainstream critics and readers for addressing universal themes.

E.James’s treatment of a theme that Baldwin found to be less confining than themes of protest fiction.

12.The author of the passage mentions William Attaway, Chester Himes and Willard Motley primarily in order to

A.suggest that critics may have been more accepting of pretest fiction by African American writers when that fiction did not directly address African Americans’ experience.

B.ill ustrate a point about African American novelists’ success in presenting subject matter not usually associated with African American literature.

C.distinguish a view about African American literature held by certain African American writers of the 1930s and 1940s from a view held by many earlier writers.

D.challenge some critics’ view that African American novelists sacrificed an important source of power in their work when they chose to focus on White characters.

E.support the point that Baldwin’s exclusive focus on White characters in Giovanni’s Room was not an unprecedented choice for an African American novelist.

13.The professor’s habitual air of _________ was misleading front, concealing amazing

reserves of patience and a deep commitment to his students’ learning.

A.cordiality

B.irascibility

C.disorganization

D.conviviality

E.diffidence

F.exasperation

14.Even manifest flaws in the sculptor’s work have not ________ its respectful reception by most modern critics.

A.determined

B.controlled

C.undermined

D.prevented

E.overshadowed

F.precluded

15.Historically, the depletion of soil’s nitrogen has been one of the most________ problems faced by farmers: an essential nutrient, nitrogen is quickly leached from soil, and farmers have struggled to find ways to replenish it.

A. capricious

B. ubiquitous

C. worrisome

D. stubborn

E. intractable

F. unpredictable

16.The town’s air was consistently________: depending on the breeze, one might be greeted with the sour effluvia of twenty breweries, choking fumes from the coal factory, or brackish smells from the nearby river.

A.malodorous

B.toxic

C.redolent

D.benign

E.noisome

F.anodyne

Normally, seeds of Emmenathe penduliflora stay dormant for years and germinate only when a fire burns through their habitat. Nitrogen dioxide in the smoke induces the seeds to germinate. Fires clear the brush, allowing germinating seeds to receive the sunlight they need to grow. The plants mature quickly, produce seeds, and then die. In areas with heavy automobile traffic, however, the seed germinates in the absence of fire, with automobile exhaust supplying the required nitrogen dioxide.

17.The information given, if accurate, most strongly supports which of the following

hypotheses?

A.Fires in the habitat of E. penduliflora do not entirely destroy the plant’s seeds

even in the places where the fires burn most intensely.

B.The nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust cannot harm plants of E. penduliflora

after germination.

C.If human intervention decreases the number of fires in the habitat of E.

penduliflora, automobile exhaust can replicate the conditions the plant requires in order to thrive.

D.Within the habitat of

E. penduliflora, natural fires are significantly more frequent

in areas with heavy automobile traffic than they are in other areas.

E.Unless E. penduliflora seeds that have germinated can survive in the shade,

automobile exhaust threatens the long-term survival of the plant in areas with heavy automobile traffic.

Experts have differed about where the genus Varanus (monitor lizards) originated. Because most existing species live in Australia, early researchers concluded that Varanus originated in Australia and subsequently island-hopped westward along the Indo-Australian archipelago. Herpetologist Robert Mertens later argued that Varanus probably originated in the archipelago. Chromosomal analysis has since supported Mertens’ content ion, and in addition, geologic evidence points to a collision between the archipelago and the Australian landmass after Varanus evolved––a fact that could account for the genus’s present distribution.

A related puzzle for scientists is the present distribu tion of Varanus’ largest surviving species, the Komodo dragon. These carnivores live only on four small islands in the archipelago where, scientists note, the prey base is too small to support mammalian carnivore. But the Komodo dragon has recently been shown to manage body temperature much more efficient than do mammalian carnivores, enabling it to survive on about a tenth of the food energy required by a mammalian carnivore of comparable size.

18.According to the passage, the Komodo dragon’s management of b ody temperature enables it to do which of the following?

A.Continually adapt to fluctuations in the availability of prey on the islands that it currently inhabits.

B.Obtain food energy from either animal or vegetable sources with equal efficiency.

C.Successfully resist predation by mammalian carnivores of comparable size.

D.Survive in a climate whose temperature extremes rule out the presence of mammalian carnivores of comparable size.

E.Survive in places where the supply of food would be insufficient for mammalian carnivores of comparable size.

19.Which of the following elements in the debate over the origin of Varanus is NOT provided in the passage?

A.The evidence that led Mertens to argue that Varanus originated in the Indo-Australian archipelago.

B.The evidence that led early researchers to argue that Varanus originated in Australia.

C.A possible explanation of how Varanus might have spread to the Indo-Australian archipelago if it had originated in Australia.

D.A possible explanation of how Varanus might have spread to Australia if it had originated in the Indo-Australian archipelago.

E.An indication of the general present-day distribution of Varanus species between Australia and the Indo-Australian archipelago.

20.It can be inferred that which of the following is true of the “geologic evidence”?

A.It was first noted by Mertens as evidence in favor of his theory about the origins of Varanus.

B.It cannot rule out either one of the theories about the origins of Varanus discussed in the passage.

C.It accounts for the present distribution of the Komodo dragons.

D.It has led to renewed interest in the debate over the origins of Varanus.

E.It confirms the conclusions reached by early researchers concerning the origins of Varanus.

Section 6

1.With the numerous opponents of the controversial new taxation measure in such a fury, anyone who publicly advocated the measure did not fail to meet with________ usage.

A. politic

B. severe

C. sober

D. respectful

E. dejected

2.The company suffers from an almost total lack of : even the most innocuous communications between departments lend to devolve into acrimony.

A. dissension

B. variance

C. comity

D. conformity

E. mordancy

3.Invention was (i)________ the work of the ancient Greek historians, whose writings were filled with long and often purely fictitious speeches by great historical figures. The animating force in historical writing was rhetoric rather than (ii)________. Even well into the eighteenth century, not a few historians continued to understand themselves as artists, given a license to invent.

4.Scholars have marveled over the (i)________ that Shakespeare displays in his works, noting that such broad learning is all the more remarkable given that books were relatively (ii)_______ in Shakespeare’s time.

5.She was never (i)________: she was nothing if not discreet, so she (ii)________ for the present to declare her passion.

6.To label Hamilton a foreigner because he was born outside what later became the

United States is to assume anachronistically the existence of the nation before the fact. It is true that Hamilton came to believe that he was a (i)________ the United States, but his (ii)________ was stemmed not from his (iii)_________ but from his confrontation

The binary planet hypothesis—that Earth and the Moon formed simultaneously by the accretion of smaller objects—does not explain why the Moon’s iron core is so small relative to the Moon’s total volume, compared with Earth’s core relative to Earth’s total volume. According to the giant-impact hypothesis, the Moon was created during a collision between Earth and a large object about the size of Mars. Computer simulations of this impact show that both of the objects would melt in the impact and the dense core of the impactor would fall as molten rock into the liquefied iron core of Earth. The ejected matter—mantle rock that had surrounded the cores of both objects—would be almost devoid of iron. This matter would become the Moon.

7.According to the passage, the binary planet hypothesis holds that

A.Earth and the Moon were formed at the same time

B.smaller objects joined together to form Earth and the Moon

C.the Moon’s core is the same absolute size as Earth’s core

8.The giant-impact hypothesis as described in the passage answers all of the following questions EXCEPT:

A.What happened to the rock that surrounded the impactor’s core after the impactor hit Earth?

B.What happened to the impactor’s core after the impactor hit Earth?

C.Where did the impactor that collided with Earth originate?

D.Why is the Moon’s iron core small relative to that of Earth?

E.What was the size of the impactor relative to that of Mars?

The discovery of subsurface life on Earth, surviving independently from surface life, refuted the belief that biological processes require not only liquid water but sunlight as well, thus greatly enhancing the possibility of life beyond Earth. Take Jupiter’s moon Europa. Space probes show a body covered with a thick layer of ice. As Europa orbits its planet, however, it flexes due to the gravitational tug-of-war between it, its sister moons, and Jupiter. Through friction, this flexing produces hear in the moon’s interior capable of melting ice. Photosynthetic life is impossible there because sunlight is completely absent, but life such as the microbes that flourish deep within earth may still be possible.

9. Life on Europa in the form suggested in the passage would be dependent on

A.The protection Europa’s icy crust gives against the harmful components of

sunlight

B.The existence of water on Europa

C.The motion of Europa around Jupiter

10. The highlighted sentence “take Jupiter’s moon Europa” serves to introduce

A.An instance that allows a hypothesis to be tested

B.Speculation grounded in empirical discovery

C. A deduction form a newly advanced hypothesis

D. A large-scale effect of an apparently insignificant contingency

E.The derivation of a contradiction to refute a claim

11. A cure for the common cold has been so elusive that it has become a modern

symbol of________.

A. danger

B. futility

C. unease

D. pointlessness

E. sloth

F. apathy

12. The dictator’s gleaming military uniform and imperial paraphernalia sharply contrast with the________ fashion favored by most other contemporary political leaders.

A. unostentatious

B. modest

C. august

D. majestic

E. formal

F. casual

13. Taking to the mountains to escape the chaos occasioned by the collapse of the ruling dynasty, artists looked to nature for______ and a serenity not evident in human society.

A. an order

B. a stability

C. a fragility

D. a decadence

E. an interaction

F. a degeneracy

14. His premiership, seemingly cast-iron a year ago, is now so vulnerable that even a good day at the office does no more than buy him a few weeks of ________ from rebels within his own party.

A. controversy

B. reproach

C. respite

D. relief

E. blame

F. deference

The waters east of Cape Hangklip were once the center of a lucrative wild-caught abalone fishery, but illegal fishing in the mid-1990s escalated to such levels that the recreational fishery was closed in 2003. When abalones did not rebound, commercial fishing was also banned. Continue declines in abalone were attributed to poaching, but an invasion by rock lobsters during the early 1990s probably intensified the trend. Rock lobsters prey on sea urchins, and increased rock lobster densities coincided with significant decreases in urchins. In that area, urchins feed largely by trapping drift kelp, and in doing so provide juvenile abalone with both protective shelter and nourishment. Without urchins' presence, juvenile abalones are less likely to survive to adulthood. 15. According to the passage, since the early 1990s, sea urchins in the waters east of Cape Hangklip have

A. significantly changed their feeding habits

B. suffered increased predation from a certain species

C. experienced increased competition for kelp, their main source of nourishment

D. seen a sharp decline in the availability of kelp, due to environmental changes

E. rebounded as commercial fishing in the region has declined

16. According to the passage, which of the following is a true statement about the feeding behaviors of sea urchins?

A. They change according to the type of food available in an area.

B. They are responsible for the decline of abalones in some regions.

C. They have a significant impact on the young of another species.

D. They make sea urchins more vulnerable to potential predators.

E. They result in a marked decline in kelp in certain regions.

For years, the leading theory for what caused the Younger Dryas (a dramatic reversal, about 12,900 years ago, in a global warming trend) was a release of water from Glacial Lake Agassiz. The theory posited that this meltwater flooded into the North Atlantic, lowering the salinity and intensity of surface waters enough to prevent them from sinking. Ocean currents were changed in such a way that northward transport of heat in the ocean diminished, and the North Atlantic regions plunged back into near-glacial conditions. However, evidence has emerged that the Younger Dryas began long before freshwater flooded the North Atlantic. Additionally, the temperature changes included by a shutdown in the North Atlantic heat conveyor system are too small to explain the Younger Dryas.

17. The author of the passage implies which of the following about the release

of water from glacial Lake Agassiz?

A.The notion that the release occurred has been challenged by more recent findings.

B.The release probably occurred much earlier than scientists have generally assumed.

C.The release would not have been sufficient to cause any temperature change in the North Atlantic.

D.The timing of the release is such that it probably did not trigger the onset of the Younger Dryas.

E.The release was probably unrelated to the global warming trend that was taking place.

18. The passage is primarily concerned with

A.presenting evidence that undermines an explanation

B.explaining the nature of a climatological phenomenon

C.questioning the timing of a particular event

D.discussing a new explanation for a phenomenon

E.suggesting revisions to a popular theory

Most seismologists assume that following a major earthquake and its aftershocks, the fault (a break in Earth’s crust where pressure can trigger an earthquake) will remain quiet until stresses have time to rebuild, typically over hundreds or thousands of years. Recent evidence of subtle interactions between earthquakes may overturn this assumption, however. According to the stress-triggering hypothesis, faults are unexpectedly responsive to subtle stresses they acquire as neighboring faults shift. Rather than simply dissipating, stress relieved during an earthquake travels along the fault, concentrating in sites nearby; even the smallest additional stresses may then trigger another quake along the fault or on a nearby fault. Although scientists have long viewed such subtle interactions as nonexistent, the hypothesis has explained the location and frequency of earthquakes following several destructive quakes in California, Japan, and Turkey.

19.According to the passage, which of the following is an assumption that may

be invalidated by recent seismological evidence?

A.Earthquakes are caused by stresses building up in faults within Earth’s crust.

B.Most major earthquakes can be predicted with reasonable accuracy.

C.Faults are highly responsive to even minor stresses in neighboring faults.

D.Most major earthquakes are followed by predictable aftershocks.

E. A fault that has resulted in a major earthquake becomes quiet for a long period.

20.The passage suggests that most seismologists believe which of the

following about fault stresses?

A.They are dissipated when they result in an earthquake.

B.They are transferred between neighboring faults.

C.They will not cause a major earthquake along the same fault in the space of a few years.

Section 7

1.In the last two hundred years, the practice of archaeology has changed greatly, from digging up ancient artifacts for use by wealthy individuals as art objects to analyzing the detritus of everyday life in the laboratory, and thus from________ to data collection.

A. supposition

B. theorizing

C. fact-finding

D. treasure hunting

E. scientific discovery

2.The identity of hominid remains found in a cave in the Altai Mountains was________ until Paabo and his colleagues ended the speculation by showing that DNA sequences indicated the bones belonged to Neanderthals.

A. extraneous

B. conjectural

C. improbable

D. demonstrable

E. consistent

3.The documentation of Earth’s biodiversity is complicated by the (i)________ taxonomists. Those experts in classifying species tent to be (ii)________ North America

4.For decades, economic ideas have been (i)________ political purpose. Economists, for example, have peddled their theories as a way of gaining public prominence or political appointment, while politicians have (ii)________ economic doctrines as possible solutions

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f2636138.html,puters make it spectacularly easy to search for particular pieces of information in downloaded texts. And doing research in this strategic, targeted manner can feel (i)________. Instead of (ii)________ the organizing logic of the book you are reading, you can approach the book with your own questions and (iii)________. You, not the author, are the

6.There are two opposing theories about mountain formation and climate over the past 40 million years: either the surge of mountain building (i)________ the global cooling, or vice versa. The first of these two theories asserts that widespread mountain building cooled the earth as a result of(ii)________mountains and climate. For example, mountain glaciers tent to be (iii)________ : once established, they increase the reflectivity of the

A critical consensus has emerged that Mary McCarthy will be remembered primarily as an essayist rather than as a novelist. But despite her formidable gifts as a polemical and discursive writer, and for all her reputation as an intellectual who sacrificed feeling to intelligence, what powers McCarthy’s best essays are her fictional rather than strictly intellectual gifts. She makes her points by telling stories or by way of description, arresting images, and subtle characterization. And for all her exacting sense of fact, McCarthy’s greatest contribution was to blur the distinctions betwee n different kinds of prose writing, to show how fiction could be opened up to the thinking mind and how essays could profit from the techniques of fiction.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

7. T he author of the passage suggests that Mary McCarthy’s writing is characterized by

A. the use in her essays of devices more typical in works of fiction

B. a narrowing of the differences between narrative and expository

C. careful attention to factual accuracy

8. In the context in which it appears, “discursive” most nearly means

A. prolific

B. sophistic

C. rambling

D. analytical

E. circuitous

In his 1976 study of slavery in the United States, Herbert Gutman, like Fogel, Engerman, and Genovese, has rightly stressed the slaves’ achievements. But unlike these historians, Gutman gives plantation owners little credit for these achievements. Rather, Gutman argues that one must look to the Black family and the slaves’ extended kinship s ystem to understand how crucial achievements, such as the maintenance of a cultural heritage and the development of a communal consciousness, were possible. His findings compel attention.

Gutman recreates the family and extended kinship structure mainly through an ingenious use of what any historian should draw upon (draw upon: 利用), quantifiable data, derived in this case mostly from plantation birth registers. He also uses accounts of ex-slaves to probe the human reality behind his statistics. These sources indicate that the two-parent household predominated in slave quarters just as it did among freed slaves after emancipation. Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, was very much for stable monogamy. In less conclusive fashion Fogel, Engerman, and Genovese had already indicated the predominance of

two-parent households; however, only Gutman emphasizes the preference for stable

m onogamy and points out what stable monogamy meant for the slaves’ cultural heritage. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of—and so was crucial in sustaining—the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.

Gutman’s examination of other facets of kinship also produces important findings. Gutman discovers that cousins rarely married, an exogamous tendency that contrasted sharply with the endogamy practiced by the plantation owners. This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. This taboo against cousins’ marrying is important, argues Gutman, because it is one of many indications of a strong awareness among slaves of an extended kinship network. The fact that distantly related kin would care for children separated from their families also suggests this awareness.

When blood relationships were few, as in newly created plantations in the Southwest, “fictive” kins hip arrangements took their place until a new pattern of consanguinity developed. Gutman presents convincing evidence that this extended kinship structure—which he believes developed by the mid-to-late eighteenth century—provided the foundations for the strong communal consciousness that existed among slaves.

In sum, Gutman’s study is significant because it offers a closely reasoned and original explanation of some of the slaves’ achievements, one that correctly emphasizes the resources that slaves themselves possessed.

9. According to the passage, Fogel, Engerman, Genovese, and Gutman have all done

which of the following?

A.Discounted the influence of plantation owners on slaves’ achievements.

B.Emphasized the achievements of slaves.

C.Pointed out the prevalence of the two-parent household among slaves.

10. According to the passage, all of the following are true of the West African rules

governing marriage mentioned in lines 19-21 EXCEPT:

(A) The rules were derived from rules governing fictive kinship arrangements.

(B) The rules forbade marriages between close kin.

(C) The rules are mentioned in Herbert Gutman’s study.

(D) The rules were not uniform in all respects from one West African tribe to

another.（A）

(E) The rules have been considered to be a possibl e source of slaves’ marriage

preferences.

11. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) The author compares and contrasts the work of several historians and then

discusses areas for possible new research.

(B) The author presents his thesis, draws on the work of several historians for

evidence to support his thesis, and concludes by reiterating his thesis.

(C) The author describes some features of a historical study and then uses those

features to put forth his own argument.

(D) The author summarizes a historical study, examines two main arguments from

the study, and then shows how the arguments are potentially in conflict with

one another.（E）

(E) The author presents the general argument of a historical study, describes the

st udy in more detail, and concludes with a brief judgments of the study’s

value.

12 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage, based on its

content?

(A) The Influence of Herbert Gutman on Historians of Slavery in the United States

(B) Gutman’s Explanation of How Slaves Could Maintain a Cultural Heritage and

Develop a Communal Consciousness

(C) Slavery in the United States: New Controversy About an Old Subject

(D) The Black Heritage of Folklore, Music, and Religious Expression: Its Growing

Influence（B）

(E) The Black Family and Extended Kinship Structure: How They Were Important

for the Freed Slave

13. If giant x-ray flares churn circumstellar disks enough to keep newborn planets, such as Earth once was, from spiraling into their suns, it would be an ironic twist on our conception of x-ray flares as________.

A. dangerous

B. predictable

C. ancient

D. ephemeral

E. perilous

F. foreseeable

14. Despite their cultural and social significance, rapid growth, and widespread appeal in China, video games------unlike traditional media----have received________ attention from international communication researches.

A. undue

B. scant

C. excessive

D. focused

E. limited

F. dwindling

15. Although Wynne claims to recognize that________ evidence is available to make definitive statement, she offers them nonetheless, arriving at some sweeping generalizations.

A. concrete

B. finite

C. insufficient

D. indirect

E. conclusive

F. meager

16. Although the biography never explicitly assesses what role the dynamic between Mr. Merrill’s parents might have played in the development of his personality, the author offers plenty of________.

A. mystification

B. elucidation

C. speculation

D. reflection

E. obfuscation

F. conjecture

Although the percentage of first graders in Almaria who were excellent readers varied little between 1995 and 2010, the percentage of first graders who had considerable difficulty reading their schoolbooks increased markedly during that period. This evidence strongly indicates that the average reading ability of first graders decreased between 1995 and 2010.

17. Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the argument?

A. The number of hours devoted to reading activities in first-grade classrooms in Almaria did not vary significantly, on average, between 1995 and 2010.

B. The percentage of first graders in Almaria who had difficulty solving arithmetic problems did not increase as much between 19950 and 2010 as did the percentage of first graders who had reading difficulties.

C. The number of children in Almaria who were enrolled as first graders decreased steadily between 1995 and 2010.

D. The average difficulty of the schoolbooks used in first-grade classrooms in Almaria decreased between 1995 and 2010.

E. The average number of schoolbooks used in first-grade classrooms in Almaria increased between 1995 and 2010.

安全生产模拟试题

1.?盛装具有腐蚀性介质的容器，底部尽可能不装阀门，腐蚀性液体应从底部抽吸排除（√）? 2.?闪点较低的物质危险性较小（×）? 3.?.不是任意一个点火源都能引燃每一种可燃物（√）? 4.?职业病诊断机构在安全生产监督管理部门作出调查结论或者判定前应当中止职业病诊断（√）? 5.?患职业病的情形,不属于工伤。（×）? 6.?在职业病目录中,职业性哮喘属于生物因素所致职业病。（×）? 7.?职业病危害较重的建设项目,其职业病危害预评价报告应当报安全生产监督管理部门审核;职业病防护设施竣工后,由安全生 产监督管理部门组织验收。（√）? 8.?危险化学品项目的职业卫生防护设施无需与主体工程同时设计,同时施工,同时投入生产和使用,可先行投产、运行。(×)?9.?生产经营单位未按照应急预案采取预防措施,导致事故救援不力或者造成严重后果的,由县级以上安全生产监督管理部门依 照有关法律、法规和规章的规定,责令停产停业整顿,并依法给予行政处罚。(√)?10.?信息上报就是明确事故发生后向上级主管单位报告事故信息的流程、内容和时限。(×)? 11.?企业应负责制定现场应急预案,并且定期检验和评估现场应急预案和程序的有效程度,并适时进行修订。(√)? 12.?在综合应急演练前,演练组织单位或策划人员可按照演练方案或脚本组织桌面演练或合成预演,熟悉演练实施过程的各个环 节。(√)? 13.?生产经营单位主管安全工作的领导对本单位事故隐患排查治理工作全面负责。(×)?14.?企业应对重大危险源采取便捷、有效的消防、治安报警措施和联络通信、记录措施。(√)?15.?现场处置方案的应急组织与职责主要包括:基层单位应急自救组织形式及人员构成情况。(×)? 16.?应急演练是针对事故情景,依据应急预案而模拟开展的预警行动、事故报告、指挥协调、现场处置等活动。(√)?17.?为使应急救援预案更有针对性和能迅速应用,一般要制定不同类型的应急预案。(√)? 18.?特别重大事故以下等级事故,事故发生地与事故发生单位不在同一个县级以上行政区域,由事故发生地人民政府负责调查。 (√)? 19.?在职业安全健康管理体系中绩效测量和监测中被动测量是一种预防机制。(×)????? 20.?职业安全健康管理体系运行模式,其核心都是为生产经营单位建立一个动态循环的管理过程,以持续改进的思想指导生产经 营单位系统地实现其既定目标。(√)? 21.?大中型危险化学品仓库应选址在远离市区和居民区的当地主导风向的上风向和河流上游的地域。(×)? 22.?生产经营单位对职业安全健康管理方案应每年进行一次评审,以确保管理方案的实施,能够实现职业安全健康目标。(×)?23.?遇湿易燃物品专库储藏。(√)? 24.?经营、销售化学品的企业,所经销的化学品必须附带《化学品安全技术说明书》。(√)?25.?危险化学品综合性商场(含建材市场)所经营的危险化学品应有专柜存放。(√)? 26.?压缩气体和液化气体由于充装容器为压力容器。容器受热或在火场上受热辐射时易发生物理性爆炸。(√)?27.?危险化学品经营单位必须保证所经营的危险化学品有化学品安全技术说明书和安全标签。(√)? 28.?事故发生后,不管情况如何,事故现场有关人员不得直接向事故发生地县级以上人民政府安全生产监督管理部门和负有安全 生产监督管理职责的有关部门报告。(×)? 29.?本质安全化原则是指从一开始和从本质上实现安全,从根本上消除事故发生的可能性,从而达到预防事故发生的目的。(√)?30.?汽车、拖拉机不准进入易燃易爆类物品库房。进入易燃易爆类物品库房的电瓶车、铲车

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——教学资料参考参考范本——2019-2020学年度高三英语考试题 ______年______月______日 ____________________部门

本试卷共11页，其中2页为答卷。另加1张答题卡。共有五大题，满分150分。考试用时140分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生 号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相 应位置填涂考生号。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答 案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答 案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡 各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然 后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的 答案无效。 4.匹配题如果选E，请涂AB；如果选F，则涂CD。 I 模拟听说（共两节，总共 15 分，考试时间20分钟） 注意：做题时，先把答案写在试卷上，等模拟听说考试结束后再把答案写在答题卷上。 第一节：Part B Role Play（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 1. 请按要求把三问写出来。 情境介绍 角色：你是Tom。 任务：（1）与Jane 谈论她在学校宿舍的人际关系； (2 ) 根据谈话内容回答同学的提问。 Q1. 你和你的室友相处得怎样？ _________________________________________________________. Q2.为什么你不直接与他们谈一谈？ _________________________________________________________.

安全生产模拟考试平台题库

3 1、企业应负责制定现场应急预案,并且定期检验和评估现场应急预案和程序的有效程度,并适时进行修订。(1.0分)答案:对 2、现场处置方案的应急组织与职责主要包括应急自救组织机构、人员的具体职责,不应同单位或车间、班组人员工作职责紧密结合,明确相关岗位和人员的应急工作职责。(1.0分)正确答案：错 3、针对应急演练活动可能发生的意外情况制定演练保障方案或应急预案,并进行演练,做到相关人员应知应会,熟练掌握。(1.0分)正确答案：对 4、应急救援预案要有实用性、要根据本单位的实际条件制订,使预案便于操作。(1.0分)正确答案：对 5、一个单位的不同类型的应急救援预案要形成统一整体,救援力量要统一安排。(1.0分)正确答案：对 6、生产经营单位主管安全工作的领导对本单位事故隐患排查治理工作全面负责。(1.0分)正确答案：错 7、应急救援过程中,应急救援人员应加强对重要目标和地段的警戒和巡逻,防止人为破坏、制造事端。(1.0分)正确答案：对 8、企业要加强对各种救援队伍的培训,保证人员能够熟悉事故发生后所采取的对应方法和步骤,做到应知应会。(1.0分)正确答案：对 9、在建立警戒区域时,不必要把警戒区和污染区内与事故无关的人员撤离。(1.0分)正确答案：错 10、应急救援组织机构应包括应急处置行动组、通信联络组、疏散引导组、安全防护救护组等。(1.0分)正确答案：对11、职业病诊断机构在安全生产监督管理部门作出调查结论或者判定前应当中止职业病诊断。(1.0分)正确答案：对12、用人单位安排未经职业健康检查的劳动者从事接触职业病危害的作业的,并处5万元以上30万元以下的罚款;情节严重的,责令停止产生职业病危害的作业,或者提请有关人民政府按照国务院规定的权限责令关闭。(1.0分)正确答案：对13、职业病防护设施,包括降低职业病危害因素的强度或浓度的设备和设施,也包括有关建筑物和构筑物。(1.0分)正确答案：对 14、危险化学品项目的职业卫生防护设施无需与主体工程同时设计,同时施工,同时投入生产和使用,可先行投产、运行。 (1.0分)正确答案：错 15、职业禁忌症,如Ⅰ期及Ⅱ期高血压、活动性消化性溃疡、慢性肾炎、未控制的甲亢、糖尿病和大面积皮肤疤痕的患者,均不得从事高温作业。(1.0分)正确答案：错 16、为降低噪声,对其传播途径的处理实质就是增加声音在传播过程的衰减。(1.0分)正确答案：对 17、在进入受限空间作业前,应切实做好工艺处理工作,将受限空间吹扫、蒸煮、置换合格;对所有与其相连且可能存在可燃可爆、有毒有害物料的管线、阀门加盲板隔离,有阀门的可关闭阀门代替安装盲板。(1.0分)正确答案：错 18、凡确诊患有职业病的职工,可由企业决定是否享受国家规定的工伤保险待遇或职业病待遇。(1.0分)正确答案：错 19、电机冒烟起火时要紧急停车。(1.0分)正确答案：对 20、严重缺水时,如果立即上水就可能导致锅炉事故。(1.0分)正确答案：对 21、锅炉是把燃料的化学能变成热能,再利用热能把水加热成具有一定温度和压力的蒸汽的设备。(1.0分)正确答案：对22、气瓶充装和使用人员允许穿化纤服。(1.0分)正确答案：错 23、特殊情况下,气瓶允许长时间置于烈日的曝晒下。(1.0分)正确答案：错 24、气瓶实行固定单位充装制度,气瓶充装单位只充装自有气瓶和托管气瓶,不得为任何其它单位和个人充装气瓶。(1.0分)正确答案：对 25、《危险化学品安全管理条例》规定,申请危险化学品安全使用许可证的化工企业不用进行安全评价。(1.0分)正确答案：错 26、生产经营单位为了企业利益,可以与从业人员订立协议,免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全事故伤亡依法应承担的责任。(1.0分)正确答案：错 27、特种设备安全监督管理部门应当制定特种设备应急预案。特种设备使用单位应当制定事故应急专项预案,并定期进行事故应急演练。(1.0分)正确答案：对 28、特种设备使用单位应当使用符合安全技术规范要求的特种设备。(1.0分)正确答案：对 29、产生职业病危害的用人单位工作场所还应当有配套的更衣间、洗浴间、孕妇休息间等卫生设施。(1.0分)正确答案：对 30、《中华人民共和国消防法》规定,建设工程的消防设计、施工必须符合国家工程建设消防技术标准。(1.0分)正确答案：对 31、《中华人民共和国消防法》规定,单位的安全管理人员是本单位的消防安全责任人。(1.0分)正确答案：错 32、对产生严重职业病危害的作业岗位,应当在其醒目位置,设置警示标识和中文警示说明。(1.0分)正确答案：对 33、职工发生工伤时,用人单位应当采取措施使工伤职工得到及时救治。(1.0分)正确答案：对 34、《中华人民共和国安全生产法》规定,任何单位或者个人对事故隐患或者安全生产违法行为,均有权向负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门报告或者举报。(1.0分)正确答案：对35、《安全生产许可证条例》规定的行政处罚,由安全生产许可证颁发管理机关决定。(1.0分)正确答案：对 36、25Hz~300Hz的交流电流对人体伤害最严重。(1.0分)正确答案：对 37、蒸气和气体静电比固体和液体的静电要强一些,有的能高达数万伏以上。(1.0分)正确答案：错 38、静电屏蔽可以消,在静电场中可除静电电荷。(1.0分)查看答案 40、人体是导体能接触起电而成为带电体,引起感应放电。(1.0分)正确答案：错 41、泡沫灭火器一般用于带电灭火。(1.0分)正确答案：错 42、化学危险品仓库应设在远离城镇和人口密集的地区,并设置专用仓库和专用线路,有保证安全的特殊装卸设备以及符合城市规划、公安、防火等有关条例规定的安全措施,设置地点应与当地有关单位协商确定。(1.0分)正确答案：对 43、输送有毒、易燃和易腐蚀物料的机泵,在解体检修之前,

2019年电梯安全管理安全生产模拟考试题库及答案

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1. 以下不是选择烟火药的氧化剂应根据的原则的是()。 B、吸湿性大,受水作用不分解 2. 《职业病防治法》规定必须依法参加工伤社会保险的是()。 B、用人单位 3. 不溶于水,而且密度大于水的易燃液体有()。 A、四氯化碳 4. 烟花爆竹批发企业应建立事故应急组织机构,每年至少演练()次。 C、一 5. 《安全生产法》规定,从业人员有权对本单位安全生产工作中存在的问题提出批评、检举、控告。有权拒绝()和强令冒险作业。 C、违章指挥 6. 直接接地是指将金属设备或金属构件与接地系统直接用()进行可靠联接。 B、导体 7. 下列不属于购销合同管理制度的是()。 C、实行严格安全标准核准制度 8. 生产过程中的安全,即安全生产,指的是“不发生工伤事故、职业病、设备或()。” B、财产损失 9. 事故发生单位主要负责人未依法履行安全生产管理职责,导致事故发生重大事故的,处上一年年收入()%的罚款。 B、60 10. 烟花爆竹火灾时,扑救人员不应占据的位置是()。 B、下风处 11. 搬动物件时,应()。 A、轻抬轻放 12. 铝粉着火时应使用的灭火剂为()。 B、沙土 13. 医疗卫生机构发现疑似职业病病人时,除通知用人单位外还应当告知()。 A、劳动者本人 14. 扑救爆炸物品堆垛时,水流应采用()。 C、吊射 15. 产品陈列室应陈列()。 A、产品模型 16. 烟花爆竹企业的危险品销毁场作业边缘距场外建筑物的外部最小允许距离不应小于()m。 C、65 17. 消防储备水应有平时不被动用的措施。使用后的补给恢复时间不宜超过()h。 C、48 18. 承担安全评价、认证、检测、检验的机构属于()。 A、中介机构 19. 生产经营单位与从业人员订立协议,免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全事故伤亡依法应承担的责任的,该协议无效,对生产经营单位的主要负责人、个人经营的投资人处()。 C、2万以上10万以下的罚款 20. 包含了对紧急情况的管理政策、预案的目标,应急组织和责任等内容的文件是()。 A、一级文件(总预案) 21. 当在危险品生产厂房的防护土堤内设置安全疏散隧道时,安全疏散隧道的净高度不宜小

安全生产模拟考题十四

[ 错 ][判断题] 1、有毒气体气瓶的燃烧补救,应站在下风口,并使用防毒用具。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 对 ][判断题] 2、危险化学品单位应当制定本单位应急救援预案,配备应急救援人员和必要的应急救援器材、设备,并定期组织演练。(1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 错 ][判断题] 3、出现全氟异丁烯泄漏时,迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至下风处,并隔离直至气体散尽。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 对 ][判断题] 4、遇火灾时视当时情况决定是否乘坐电梯逃生。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 5、蛋白泡沫可有效的扑救易燃和可燃液体,也可扑救木材等一般固体物质火灾。(1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 错 ][判断题] 6、非燃烧物品的火灾危险性分类是丁类。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 7、周围没有可燃材料时动火可以没有灭火器。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 8、在特殊情况下,单位和个人可以挪用、撤除、埋压、圈占消火栓,临时占用消防通道。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 对 ][判断题] 9、扑救爆炸物品火灾时,禁止用沙土盖压,以防造成更大伤害。(1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 错 ][判断题] 10、电脑着火了,应拔掉电源后用湿棉被盖住电脑。(1.0分) 正确答案：对

[ 对 ][判断题] 11、气瓶内的液氯不能用尽,必须留有余压,充装量为500k以上的钢 瓶应保留5kg以上余氯。(1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 对 ][判断题] 12、SbCl5计量槽放料完毕,须排净管道余料,才能关闭阀门,否则可 能产生结晶,堵塞管道。(1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 对 ][判断题] 13、聚四氟乙烯树脂气流干燥过程中,不允许随意调动引风机阀门。 (1.0分) 正确答案：对 [ 错 ][判断题] 14、空气压缩机可以带负荷启动。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 15、在四氟乙烯聚合反应过程中,温度越高引发剂的半衰期越短,因此 提高温度可以提高反应的初始速度,从而增加分子量,提高产品质量。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 16、为了防止腐蚀,化工管道的材质更多选用不锈钢。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 17、行驶中车辆可以做之字形行驶。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 错 ][判断题] 18、只要能消除由系统原因产生的异常波动,产品质量波动就不存在 了。(1.0分) 正确答案：错 [ 对 ][判断题] 19、在试压过程中,受压设备、管线如有异常响声,如压力下降、压力表指针不懂或来回不停摆动,应立即停止试压,并卸压查明原因,视具体情况再决定是否 继续试压。(1.0分) 正确答案：对

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密 学校 班级 姓名 学号 密 封 线 内 不 得 答 题 太原五中2014—2015学年度第一学期 高 三 英 语 周 考 （12月4日） I.根据单词首字母或汉语提示完成下面句子中的单词。(10分) 1. The ________(听众)were fascinated by her beautiful song. 2. Could you please explain the sentence again? It seems _______（复杂的）to me. 3. One of his _____ (志向) is to become one of the first-rate pianists of the world. 4. The government has set up some rules r________ (关于) the food safety. 5. His failure on the test again ________(使沮丧) him. Let's go to cheer him up. 6. These ancient buildings are part of the national ________ (遗产)． 7. The company has gone into a________(衰败) because of the falling demand. 8. We are used to finding the easiest a________(方法) to the problems. 9. There was perfect ________(和谐) between the two brothers. 10. You can trust him; he's a man of highest ________(美德)． II. 1. 2. If you're too trusting, other people will __________________ you. 3. May our country always _____________ peace and prosperity. 4. We'll have the meeting in the classroom _____________ in the auditorium. 5. Everyone was deeply _______________ his marvelous speech. III. 阅读理解(30分) A It happens to a ll of us. You’re out somewhere, and someone says you look just like someone else. Most of us just smile politely and continue on with our day. But what if it happens so often that you really begin to wonder? Would your curiosity get the best of you, and would you just have to find out who that person is? Bao Lulin works as a waitress in Jiuyang, China. Over a period of three years, she found she was constantly being told that she looked just like a woman named Yang Yanfei. Lulin’s first encounter with being mistaken for this mystery woman was in 2009, when she was asked by a stranger, “You have come back from Fujian Province? Why didn’t you inform us?” When people continued to call her “Yanfei”, Lulin finally decided to search for her doppelganger. In October, after Lulin was once again mistaken for the other woman, she asked the person to give her Yanfei’s address so that she could meet her. She never imagined that this encounter would change her life. When Lulin showed up at Yanfei's house, she was shocked. The resemblance wasn't slight; the two women actually looked exactly alike. They stood face to face, examining each other's features and similarities. Yanfei said, "I felt I was looking into the mirror." Now reunited, the sisters say they feel as if they'd known each other for years and years. Lulin and Yanfei discovered they had been separated at birth. The two were put up for adoption as infants because of China's one-child policy. The girls share a number of things in common: They were both married in 2007, their husbands have the same name (Bin), they share some of the same hobbies and favorite foods, and their sons could pass for twins. Here's something that's really uncanny -- they each have a scar on their fingers resulting from similar accidents that happened when they were 6 years old. 1. The writer asks two questions in Paragraph 1 in order to ______. A. show politeness and kindness to us B. help us find out who that person is C. know if we can answer them correctly D. introduce the topic of this passage 2. When the stranger asked Bao Lulin, she probably felt _________. A. fortunate B. pleased C. puzzled D. worried 3. According to Yanfei, she ___________. A. do esn’t like Bao Lulin at all B. looks exactly the same as Bao Lulin C. likes looking into the mirror D. has been one of Lulin’s friends for a long time. 4. We can learn from the last paragraph that Lulin and Yanfei ________. A. have experienced many same things B. each has a scar on their fingers at birth C. have already married to the same person D. enjoy different hobbies and foods in life 5. What would be the best title for this passage? A. Two close friends met again B. Twins reunited finally by chance C. Strange things often happen in the world D. Two women live in the same city B There have been a lot of stories about the dangers of eating certain kinds of meat for many years. Now more and more people across the world have stopped eating it altogether. They have either become vegetarians or they have chosen the