(完整word版)英语八类状语从句的用法归纳,推荐文档

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

一、概说

状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别，以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。

二、时间状语从句

1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多，常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。

2.表示“当…时候”的 while, when, as 的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能

用 when；当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时，只能用 as。另外，用于此义的 as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的答案是 B 而不能是A：

“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”

A. As

B. While

C. Because

D. If

3. until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词，表示相应动作结束的时间；在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到…才”。如：He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。

4.表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外，还可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately,

d irectly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如：

I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。

Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。

The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。

5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any

time 等以 time 结尾的词语也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。如：

Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。

By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家时她已睡觉了。

三、条件状语从句

1.引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有 if, unless, as [so] long as等。如：

Don’t come unless I telephone.除非我打电话，否则你别来。

If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。

As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy.只要你尽力，我们就满意了。

2. in case 也可引导条件状语从句，其意为“如果”、“万一”。如：

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了，请提醒我。

四、让步状语从句

1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有 although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。如：

The speech is good, though it could be better. 这次演讲不错，虽然还可以再好一点。

He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下雨，他还是出去了。

2. as 也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到 as 前，若提前的是单数可数名词，要省略 a / an。如：

Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything.虽然是老师，他也不可能什么都懂。

3.连词 while 有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。如：

While we don’t agree we continue to be friends.尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。

4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。如：

Don’t lose heart whatever you do.不管你做什么，都不要灰心。

Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way.不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。

注：表示“虽然”的 though, although 不可与 but 连用，但可与 yet, still 连用。

五、原因状语从句

1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)等：

They can’t have gone out because the light’s on.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。

Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去，我也去。

Now that we are alone, we can speak freely. 现在我们单独在一起，可以随便谈了。

2.除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句，其意“既然”。如：

I can’t tell you when you won't listen.既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。

3.有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点：

(1) as 与 since, now that 一样表示双方都知道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于强调结构被强调。

(2) 当表示直接的因果关系，回答 why 时，或有 only, just, all, partly, not, but 等副词修饰时，或用在强调结构中都只能用 because。

(3) for 有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断。

(4) 不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的 so 连用。

六、地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where (在…的地方), wherever(无论什么地方), everywhere(每个…地方), anywhere(任何…地方)。如：

I’m not living where I was.我不在原处住了。

You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days.如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。

Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。

2.有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多，误认为考试不会涉及，但恰恰相反，地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题：

(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

A. at which

B. at where

C. the place where

D. where

(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again.

A. when

B. where

C. then

D. there

(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it.

A. where

B. when

C. in which

D. that

以上四题均选where，其意为“在…的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。

七、目的状语从句

1.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如：

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一条船去钓鱼。

Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 带着雨衣以防下雨。

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习，是为了能通过考试。

2.引导目的状语从句的 so that 有时可省so 或 that，即单独用 so 或 that 来引导目的状语从句。如：

Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔细检查，以便任何错误都可检查出。

Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。

八、结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。如：

He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大，结果玻璃震破了。

注：so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。

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的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada

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(完整版)where引导的地点状语从句用法总结归纳

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状语从句的用法 【真题再现】 1. — Mrs. Li, will you be angry your students don’t obey the rules in class?(2014 山西) — A little. But I will stop them in a friendly way. A. if B. unless C. though 2. jeans were invented over 100 years ago, they're still in fashion today.(2014 江西) A. Because B. If C. Although D. Since 3. The teacher asked me to read aloud all the students could hear me.(2014 滨州) A. so that B. for C. because D. in order to 4. — The air pollution is terrible. (2014 扬州) — It will be worse we take action to protect the environment. A. if B. unless C. until D. when 5. Lin Feng has to work late, she always wears a smile on her face. (2014 南京) A. Because B. If C. Until D. Though 6. In summer milk will quickly go bad it is put into a fridge. (2014 杭州) A. though B. unless C. because D. once 7. I don’t like TV series it’s boring．(2015 青海) A．but B．and C．because 8. Mr. Smith has a habit of taking a shower he has breakfast. (2015 温州) A. though B. before C. because D. since 9．You’d better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide you want to know more about its culture. (2015 南京) A．unless B．until C．although D．if 10. Pandas are facing danger! The situation won’t change humans stop killing．(2015 南通) A．unless B．though C．if D．after 11. — Jenny, will you leave for the USA now? (2015 常州) — No. It will be two weeks I leave here. A. until B. since C. before D. when 12. my cousin is very young, she can help with the housework.(2015 福州) A. Once; 不填 B. Though; but C. Although; 不填 【答案与解析】 1. A。句意：——李老师，如果你的学生不遵守课堂纪律你会生气吗？——有点儿。但 我会用一种友好的方式去阻止他们。if如果；unless除非；though尽管，引导让步状语从句。 根据句意可知答案为A项。 2. C。句意：尽管牛仔裤在100多年前就被发明出来了，但是它们今天仍然很流行。 because因为；if如果；although尽管；since自从。根据句意可知选择C项。 3. A。句意:老师叫我读大声一点，这样的话，所有的学生都可以听得到。这是一个结果 状语从句，所以排除B、C项；D选项in order to 后面接短语，故选A。 4. B。句意：——空气污染很糟糕。——它将变得更糟糕，除非我们采取行动保护环境。 if如果；unless除非，如果不；until直到；when当……时候。根据语境选B项。

第五讲-高中英语状语从句详解

状语从句 一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。位置：从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 二：考点与难点 1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略； 5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。三：九种常见状语从句用法 1. 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1）.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc. 2）. 名词类 the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, the day, the year, the morning etc. 3）. 副词类：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...) 4）.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…) 注意：1. when, as, while When ①when表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。Eg:. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. （when表示段时间） 2). He waved a hello when he saw her.（when表示点时间） ②. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时,突然”，相当于and then suddenly。常用于下列句式： be doing / be about to do sth/ be on the point of doing / have/had done + when Eg.1). I was about to go out when the door bell rang. 2). One evening I was having my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door. ③. 还可以表示原因,意思是“既然”，相当于since; considering that Eg. 1). It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes . 2). How can he get good grades when he won't study? While ①while通常表示一段时间，从句中常用持续性动词作谓语。 Eg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 ②while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成“然而……”。 Eg: 1). I am fond of English while he likes maths. ③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”。 Eg. While they love the children, they are strict with them. As ①表示一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 eg: She is singing a song as she took a bath. ②as表示随着 eg: As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 2. till, until和not…until 1）until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到…为止，主句必须为持续性动词。