安徽省2020届高三英语一轮复习单元测试题(十四)

安徽省2020届高三英语一轮复习单元测试题（十四）Unit 14 Careers

随堂演练巩固

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.An excellent t can finish typing the long article in such a short time.

【答案】typist

2.The government offered ten thousand RMB as the r for his contribution in the field.

【答案】reward

3.On the b of these theories,Mr.Green worked out his picture of the state of the future.

【答案】basis

4.I have to go now.I’ve got an a with Joe outside the cinema at 7:00.

【答案】appointment

5.If you h too long,you will miss the opportunity.

【答案】hesitate

6.The village and its (附近的)scenery are very pretty,so it attracts many visitors every year.

【答案】surrounding

7.My mother is fairly (灵活的)about what time I need to be home.

【答案】flexible

8.My grandfather is a learned man.He has acquired much (智慧)during his long life.

【答案】wisdom

9.There was a (羽毛)on the rock showing that a bird had been there.

【答案】feather

10.Many students (妒忌;羡慕)his various talents.

【答案】envy

Ⅱ.完成句子

1.那个家伙声称他是镇上最好的医生。

That guy that he is the best doctor in the town.

【答案】makes out

2.她设法与我的朋友取得了联系。

She managed to with my friends.

【答案】get in touch

3.我们的教室一直都保持得很干净。

We keep our classroom clean .

【答案】at all times

4.请不要和你的同学争吵。

Please don’t your classmates.

【答案】argue with

5.昨天下午我才把所有的客人都打发走了。

Not until yesterday afternoon did I all my guests. 【答案】send off

6.你应该出门带把雨伞,以防万一。

You should take an umbrella to go out,just .

【答案】in case

7.我们必须跟上时代。

We must the times.

【答案】keep up with

8.此外,他们不是很般配。

,they do not match very much.

【答案】In addition

9.汤姆终于还清了他所有的债务。

Tom finally all his debts.

【答案】paid off

10.一些国家由于贫穷,没有按时上交会费。

Some countries fail to pay their dues on time poverty. 【答案】due to

Ⅲ.单项填空

1.Another 1000 yuan has been to him and by now he has

owed 5000 yuan me.

A.charged;to

B.charging to;to

C.charged for;with

D.charged to;for

【解析】前一空应用被动语态,即charge应用过去分词形式;后一空则应用to,owe...to...表示欠某人钱。

【答案】A

2.I need to my colleagues on the proposals.Some days later,I will tell you the result.

A.consult with

B.talk about

C.speak of

D.tell from

【解析】句意:我需要和同事商量这些建议,几天后告诉你结果。consult with sb.和某人商量某事。

【答案】A

3.People are collecting money the children in the disaster area.

A.in need of

B.in case of

C.in aid of

D.in honour of

【解析】句意:人们正在募集钱,以支持灾区的儿童。in need of需要 (i)

case of以防;in aid of支持;in honour of向……表示敬意。

【答案】C

4.The father,rather than the brothers, responsible for the accident.

A.are

B.is

C.has

D.have

【解析】rather than结构放在主语后,谓语的人称和数仍和主语一致,不受其影响。此处应用be动词的第三人称单数形式和the father一致。

【答案】B

5.Yesterday they had a quarrel and broke up with each other,but now they have .

A.turned up

B.put up

C.made up

D.shown up

【解析】turn up出现,调大(音量);put up穿上;make up编造,弥补,与某人和解或和好;例如:Why don’t you two shake hands and make up?你们俩为什么不握手和好呢?show up到来;出现;使……显现出来。句意:昨天他们吵了架并且不理对方了,但现在他们和好了。

【答案】C

6.Tom all his loan after twenty years during his family lived a hard life.

A.paid back;when

B.paid off;why

C.paid off;which

D.paid for;that

【解析】句意:汤姆二十年后还清了所有贷款,这二十年间他家过着艰难的生活。第一个空用pay off表示”还清”;第二个空用which和介词during 搭配引导定语从句,修饰twenty years。

【答案】C

7.I went home I had finished my work.

A.instant

B.the instant

C.moment

D.as soon

【解析】句意:我一完成工作就回家了。the instant引导时间状语从句。

【答案】B

8. fire,ring the bell.

A.In danger of

B.In face of

C.In the way of

D.In case of

【解析】句意:万一有火灾,请打铃。in danger of在……危险中;in face of 面对……;in the way of挡道;in case of万一。

【答案】D

9.The management of computer network is really beyond my ,but I can get useful information from it.

A.catch

B.grasp

C.snatch

D.grab

【解析】句意:我真难以理解计算机网络,但我能从中获取有用的信息。beyond one’s grasp超出某人的理解力。

【答案】B

10.Five years ago the population of the village was 2000.Now it’s 1500,which means that it’s decrea sed 25%.

A.to

B.from

C.by

D.for

【解析】从句意来看,小村的人口从2000减到了1500,故减少了百分之二十五,表示”减少到……”用decrease to;而表示”减少了……”则用decrease by。

【答案】C

提升能力达标

Ⅰ.单项填空

1.Whatever he does,once he set up a goal,he would start pursuing it without .

A.hesitation

B.suggestion

C.discussion

D.decision

【解析】hesitation犹豫;suggestion建议;discussion讨论;decision 决定。句意:无论他做什么事,一旦他设定了目标,他就会毫不犹豫地去追求它。根据句意,选A项。

【答案】A

2.After being questioned by the police,she was released without .

A.charge

B.control

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2410457326.html,mand

D.request

【解析】句意:警察讯问后,她未受指控而被释放。without charge表示”没有被指控”。

【答案】A

3.If you don’t know how to deal with it,you can the expert.

A.tell

B.hear

C.demand

D.consult

【解析】句意:如果你不知道如何解决,你可以向专家咨询。根据句意应用consult表示”咨询”。

【答案】D

4.The government has agreed to pay the firms extra sums to for their financial losses.

A.make up

B.bring up

C.fill up

D.look up

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为:政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。make up弥补;bring up抚养;fill up(使)充满;look up 查找。

【答案】A

5.Everything was perfect for the picnic the weather.

A.in place of

B.as well as

C.except for

D.in case of

【解析】in place of代替,取代;as well as又,也,还;except for除……之外;in case of万一,假使。句意:除天气之外,所有情况对于野炊来说都非常好。

【答案】C

6.Hardly had she walked out of the woods she heard the strange scream coming from behind a tree.

A.until

B.since

C.when

D.than

【解析】句意:她刚走出森林就听到从树后传来一声奇怪的尖叫。hardly...when...”一……就……”,相当于no sooner...than...结构。当否定意义的词hardly,no sooner放于句首时,后面需用倒装结构。

【答案】C

7.All their hopes the next generation now.

A.concentrate on

B.attract on

C.fascinate on

D.center on

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A项主语应为人;B、C两项搭配不当;D项意为”将……集中于”。

【答案】D

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2410457326.html,st year the number of death increased 2%-5% the year before last.

A.to;comparing to

B.to;comparing with

C.by;to compare with

D.by;compared with

【解析】句意为:和前年相比,去年死亡率增加幅度是2%-5%。本题考查动词与介词的搭配和分词短语在句子中作状语的用法。compared to/with在句中作状语。

【答案】D

9.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will be found.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.whether

【解析】本题考查连词用法。根据题意,doubt后跟的从句是同位语从句,

说明doubt的内容,故用that。本题表示”毫无疑问,治疗艾滋病的方法一定会被找到”。

【答案】B

10.There’s no need to details yet,just give me the general idea.

A.fall into

B.get into

C.go into

D.make into

【解析】句意:还没有必要谈论细节,就给我谈谈一般情况吧。go into details表示”详细叙述;逐一说明”。

【答案】C

11.She asked https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2410457326.html,lington whose house call at .

A.will he;next time

B.would he;the next time

C.he would;the next time

D.he will;next time

【解析】句意:她询问米灵顿医生下次将会到谁家。当主句采用过去时态时,其后的宾语从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时态。此外,在间接引语中,采用the next time来取代直接引语中的next time。

【答案】C

12.The family decided to the lazy servant.They really couldn’t stand her.

A.pay back

B.pay off

C.pay for

D.pay up

【解析】句意:那家人决定把那位懒惰的仆人付清工资后打发走,他们真的无法忍受她了。pay off”付清工资后解雇”。

【答案】B

13.It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A.that

B.what

C.how

D.whether

【解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词。句意:尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是”副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about side effect。故选择what,形容词”什么样的”,起修饰作用。

【答案】B

14.Nowadays many famous pop stars begin to use recycled paper plastic to package their photographs.

A.or rather

B.other than

C.rather than

D.more than

【解析】or rather”更确切地说”;other than”不同于,除了”;rather than”而不是”;more than”多于,不仅仅”。句意:现在许多著名的流行歌手开始用再生纸袋而不是塑料袋来装照片。

【答案】C

15.—It looks heavy.Can I give you a hand?

— .

A.No,thanks

B.Yes,my pleasure

C.No,never mind

D.Yes,I do

【解析】考查情景交际。从对话中可知是回答对方提供的帮助。No,thanks 与上文呼应。

【答案】A

Ⅱ.阅读理解

The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not IQ,a generally bad predictor of success.Instead,it’s purposeful practice.Top performers spend more hours practising their craft.If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop,you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability.It wouldn’t have to be a big talent,just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction.Then you would want her to meet,say,a novelist,who coincidentally shared some similar qualities.Maybe the writer was from the same town,had the same family background,or,shared the same birthday.

This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self.It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join.It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12,giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for

success.Armed with this ambition,she would read novels and life stories of writers without end.This would give her a primary knowledge of her field.She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

Then she would practice writing.Her practice would be slow,painstaking and error focused.By practicing in this way,she delays the automatizing process.Her mind wants to turn conscious,newly learned skills into unconscious,automatically performed skills.By practicing slowly,by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating,she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance.Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback,viewing her performance from the outside,correcting the smallest errors,pushing her to take on tougher challenges.By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times.She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius.It’s t he ability to develop a purposeful,laborious and boring practice routine.The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement.But it underlines a fact that is often neglected.Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re

“hard wired” to do.And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities.But the brain is also very plastic.We construct ourselves through behaviour.

1.The passage mainly deals with .

A.the function of IQ in cultivating a writer

B.the relationship between genius and success

C.the decisive factor in making a genius

D.the way of gaining some sense of distinction

【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段就指出人成功的关键因素不是天才,而是后天的practice。接着文章以一个12岁的女孩的例子来证明成功的关键因素是什么。

【答案】C

2.By reading novels and writers’ stories,the girl could .

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2410457326.html,e to understand the inner structure of writing

B.join a fascinating circle of writers someday

C.share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

D.learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句”quickly understand its inn er workings”可以知道答案。

【答案】A

3.In the girl’s long painstaking training process, .

A.her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success

B.her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

C.she acquires the magic of some great achievements

D.she comes to realize she is “hard wired” to write

【解析】细节理解题。第三段写到”By practicing slowly,by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating,she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance.”,B项说法与此吻合,为正确答案。

【答案】B

4.What can be concluded from the passage?

A.A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.

B.A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

C.As to the growth of a genius,IQ doesn’t matter,but just his/her efforts.

D.What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

【解析】推理判断题。本文以一个小女孩如何成为一个有天赋作家的故事作例子,向人们阐述了这样一个道理——成就一番事业,重要的不是你是谁,而是你做了什么。A、B两项均为人们为成功而奋斗过程中的一些重要因素,比较肤浅。C项仅仅针对天才的成长方面,比较片面,故正确答案为D项。

【答案】D

Ⅲ.任务型读写

认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入恰当的单词。注意:表

格中每个空格只填1个词。

The history of Chinese calligraphy is probably as long as that of China itself.Calligraphy is a special category in China’s world of fine arts.Through the centuries Chinese characters have changed constantly and are mainly divided into five categories today:the seal script(zhuan shu),official script(li shu),regular script(kai shu),running script(xing shu)and cursive script(cao shu).

Calligraphy involves a great deal of theory and requires many skills.Among the most outstanding calligraphers in ancient China were Wang Xizhi,Ouyang Xun,Yan Zhenqing,and Liu Gongquan,who are known for pioneering their own styles.

In writing calligraphy,one will need a brush,paper,an ink stick and an ink stone,commonly referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study”.There are different types of brushes.White goat hair,black rabbit hair and yellow weasel hair brushes are the main ones.According to their function,brushes are classified into three groups:hard,soft and medium.Brush sticks are usually made of bamboo,wood,or porcelain;ivory or jade sticks are rare and precious.

The ink stick is a unique pigment used for Chinese traditional painting and calligraphy.The most famous ink stick is hui mo(Anhui ink stick),made from pines that grow on Huangshan Mountain in Anhui

Province.Clean water is needed to grind the ink stick.Press the ink stick hard and rub it lightly,slowly and evenly against the ink slab to make thick,liquid ink.

While paper comes in many varieties,Xuan paper,produced in Xuanzhou(today’s Anhui Province),is considered t he best for Chinese calligraphy.The paper is soft and fine textured,suitable for conveying the artistic expression of both Chinese calligraphy and painting.With a good tensile strength and moth proof quality,the paper can be preserved for a long time.

Ink stones or ink slabs have been classified into three categories:Duan,She and Tao.Features common to all three are hardness and fineness.Although the stone is hard and fine,it is not dry or https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2410457326.html,ing a hard and smooth stone,liquid ink can be produced easily by rubbing the ink stick against the stone.

By handling the brush and ink skillfully and carefully,the artist can produce an infinite variety of calligraphic styles and forms.

【答案及解析】

1.Categories 阅读文章前两段,可知这部分内容主要介绍了中国书法的种类。根据本题题干语境,填Categories。

2.Official 由文章第一段最后一句中的”official script(li shu)”可知答案。

3.skills 由文章第二段第一句”Calligraphy involves a great deal of theory and requires many skills.”可知答案。

4.styles 由文章第二段第二句”Among the most outstanding calligraphers in ancient China were Wang Xizhi,Ouyang Xun,Yan Zhenqing,and Liu Gongquan,who are known for pioneering their own styles.” 可知答案。

5.Treasures 阅读文章余下部分,可知主要讲了文房四宝。根据本题题干语境,填Treasures。

6.Material 横向对比本题题干,可知本行讲的是毛笔的材料,因此填Material。

7.soft 由文章第三段第四句”According to their function,brushes are classified into three groups:hard,soft and medium.”可知答案。

8.pines 由文章第四段第二句”The most famous ink stick is hui mo(Anhui ink stick),made from pines that grow on Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province.” 可知答案。

9.long 由文章第五段最后一句”With a good tensile strength and moth proof quality,the paper can be preserved for a long time.”可知答案。

10.features 由文章第六段第二、三句”Features common to all three are hardness and fineness.Although the stone is hard and fine,it is not dry or slippery.”可知答案。

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